ABC Book of HistoryHaley Bunn Soc. Stu. 8-3

2011

Abolitionist- a person who

strongly favors the doing away

of slavery.

Ambush-

surprise

attack.

Annex- to

add

territory to

ones

territory.

Artifact- an item left behind by early people that represents their culture

Blockade- to

close off a

countries ports.

Boomtown –

a community

experiencing

a sudden

growth in

business or

population

Bounty – money given as a reward, such as to encourage enlistment in the Army.

Backcountry-

region of hill

and forests

west of the

Tide water

Canal- and artificial water way.

Cash Crops- farm crop raised to be sold for money.

Civil War-

conflict

between

opposing

groups of

citizens in the

same country.

Culture- a way of life of

a group of people who

share similar beliefs and

customs.

Debtor- a person or country that

owes money.

Desert- to leave a

place without permission.

Draft- the

selection of

persons for

required

military

service.

Drought- long

period of time with

little rain fall.

emancipate- to free from slavery.

Emigration- person who leaves a country or region to live elsewhere.

Executive Branch- branch of government , headed by the president, that carries out the Nations law and policies.

Export- to sell goods abroad.

Feminist- a person who advocates or is active in promoting women’s rights

Freed Man- a person freed from slavery.

Frigate- warship Fugitive- runaway or trying to run away

Global Warming- a steady increase in average world temperature.

Greenback- piece of U.S. paper money first issued by the North during the Civil War.

Guerilla Tactics- referring to the surprise attacks or raids rather than organized warfare

Guerrilla Warfare- hit and run technique in fighting a war.

Habeas Corpus- legal order for an inquiry to determine whether a person has been lawfully imprisoned.

Holocaust- name given to the mass slaughter of Jews and other groups by the Nazis during World War II

Horizontal Integration- the combining of competing firms into one corporatism.

Human Rights- rights regarded as belonging to all persons, such as freedom from unlawful imprisonment, torture, and execution.

Impressment- forcing people into service, such as the Navy.

Industrial Revolution- change from an agrarian society to one based on industry which began in Great Britain and spread to the U.S. around 1800.

Interchangeable Parts- uniform pieces that can be made in large quantities to replace other identical pieces. Indian Removal Act- 1830,

Jackson sent officials to negotiate treaties with the natives. They wanted to expand the people to the unknown west lands.

Jackson, Andrew- the 7th president of the United States; authorized the Indian Removal Act in 1830

Jamestown, Virginia- 1st permeate settlement in America. (1607)

Judicial Branch- branch of government, including the federal court system, that interprets the nations laws.

Jones, John Paul- found over the U.S. Navy and said, ‘I have not yet begun to fight.

Kansas-Nebraska Act- May 1854; 36 30 N latitude. Kansas free, Nebraska slave state.

Key, Fransis Scott- lawyer from Baltimore, wrote the National Anthem, became our National Anthem in 1931.

Kansas, Bleeding- 1856, slave supporters attacked Kansas and that started a mini Civil War. That is how Kansas got its nickname.

Keelboat- Lewis and Clark used a keelboat to travel up the Missouri River.

Lafayette, Marquise de- “trained” the men for battle when the American Revolution started, he was a trusted friend of George Washington.

Lewis and Clark Expedition- sent by the president to do research o the new land; first to go from the Pacific to the Atlantic ocean.

Lexington, Massachusetts- where the first shots of the American Revolution were; “The shot heard around the world.”

Louisiana Purchase- 1803; from France for $15 million; Thomas Jefferson bought this land.

M

Madison, James- opposed the idea of having a first National Bank, thought t was unconstitutional.

Mississippi River- the main and constant supply for the South during the Civil War.

Morse Code- invented by Samuel Morse; on May 24, 1844 Morse demonstrated he could relay a message through wires, this became helpful to the president during the Civil War.

Mayflower Compact- the first formal document written in 1620, that provided law and order to the Plymouth colony.

Nineteenth Amendment- 1) the right of citizens of the U.S. to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the U.S. or any state on account of set. 2) congress shall have power by appropriate.

Ninth Amendment- the enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be constructed to deny or disparage other retained by the people.

Nullify- to cancel or make ineffective.

Northwest Passage- water route to Asia through North America sought by European explorers.

Ordinance- a law or regulation. Overseer- person who

supervises a larger operation or workers.

Ohio River- river flowing from Allegheny and Monongahela rivers western Pennsylvania into the Mississippi river.

Organ Trail- pioneer trail from independence, Missouri , to the Organ Territory.

P

Persecute-to treat someone harshly because of their beliefs or practices.

Pilgrims- Separatists who journeyed to the colonies during the 1600’s for a religious purpose.

Propaganda- ideas or information designed and spread to influence opinion.

Patriots- American colonists who were determined to fight the British until American independence was won.

Quaker- protestant group of dissenters.

Quebec- city in Canada, capital of Quebec of Province, on the St. Lawrence River; first settlement in New France.

Quebec, Battle of- British General James Wolfe, led an ambush a surprise sneak attack and defeated the French.

Quebec Act- 1774; and act of Parliament of Great Britain settling procedures of governance.

Railroads- made during the industrial revolution; used in the civil war to get supplies to the North from the North to the South were the North camp.

Rebels- the South during the Civil War; other wise known as the confederacy.

Revolution, American- fought for Americans to gain independence from England.

Red Coats- nick name for British troops to tell the difference between the people and the troops.

s

Slave- someone who is owned by another; normally African Americans owned by the whites.

Scott, Dred- an African American bought by an army doctor in Missouri.

Smuggling- trading illegally with other nations.

Secede- to leave or withdraw.

Tariff- a tax on imports or exports. Telegraph- a device or

system that uses electric signals to transmit messages by a code over wires.

Temperance- the use of little or no alcoholic drink.

Total War- war on all aspects of an enemy’s life.

Unconstitutional- not agreeing or consistent with the Constitution.

Underground Railroad- a system that helped enslaved African Americans follow a network of routs out of the South and into the North.

Union- the North during the Civil War.

Uncle Tom’s Cabin- written by Harriet Beacher Stowe; African Americans to rebel (so to speak) and go to the North.

Vicksburg, Battle of-this battle is where the North took control of the Mississippi River. The Mississippi River was important to the South it helped them get supplies around to the troops.

Virginia- the state where Jamestown was first settled; where the United States started.

Virginia Plan- mainly authorized by James Madison. Called for a two house legislature, chief executive chosen by the legislature, and a court system.

Veto- to reject a bill and prevent it from becoming a law.

Washington, George- the first president of the United States; won the Battle of Saratoga which gave us independence from Great Britain.

War Hawks- Republicans during Madison’s presidency who pressed for war with Britain.

Washington D.C.- District of Columbia; the U.S. Capital.

Whitney, Eli- invented the cotton gen.

X,Y,Z Affair- French Minister sent 3 spies x, y, z and they demanded a bribe and loan for the French from the Americans.

Yankee- Union soldier.Yorktown, Virginia- the turning point in the American Revolution; this battle proved to France that the Americans had a chance to win the Battle.

Yellow Journalism-