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TM 3- TM 3-1 Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc. Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc. Consumer Memory Short-term memory Long-term memory The organization principle of long-term memory The encoding-specificity principle of long-term memory The association principle of long-term memory Implicit memory

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Page 1: TM 3-1 Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc. Consumer Memory Short-term memory Long-term memory The organization principle of long-term memory

TM 3-TM 3-11Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.

Consumer Memory

Short-term memory Long-term memory The organization principle of long-term memory The encoding-specificity principle of long-term memory The association principle of long-term memory Implicit memory

Page 2: TM 3-1 Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc. Consumer Memory Short-term memory Long-term memory The organization principle of long-term memory

TM 3-TM 3-22Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.

Human and Computer Memory

Short Term Memory

Long Term Memory Hard Disk Storage

Random Access MemoryRAM

Recall forThinking

Retrieval forProcessing

Human Brain Personal Computer

Page 3: TM 3-1 Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc. Consumer Memory Short-term memory Long-term memory The organization principle of long-term memory

TM 3-TM 3-33Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.

Human memoryis best conceptualizedas an information processing system

Page 4: TM 3-1 Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc. Consumer Memory Short-term memory Long-term memory The organization principle of long-term memory

TM 3-TM 3-44Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.

Properties of long and short term memory

Capacity Duration InformationLoss

Coding

Short termmemory

7 + 2 18 seconds Rehersalfailure

Acoustic(soundrelated)

Long termmemory

unlimited permanent Retrievalfailure

Semantic(meaningrelated)

Page 5: TM 3-1 Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc. Consumer Memory Short-term memory Long-term memory The organization principle of long-term memory

TM 3-TM 3-55Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.

Page 6: TM 3-1 Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc. Consumer Memory Short-term memory Long-term memory The organization principle of long-term memory

TM 3-TM 3-66Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.

Memory Performance

Minerals

Metals Stones

Rare Common Alloys Precious Masonry

gold aluminum steel diamond limestonesilver copper brass ruby slateplatinum lead pewter sapphire marble

Page 7: TM 3-1 Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc. Consumer Memory Short-term memory Long-term memory The organization principle of long-term memory

TM 3-TM 3-77Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.

Memory Performance

100%

50%

0%

OrganizedList

RandomList

1 2 3 4

Page 8: TM 3-1 Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc. Consumer Memory Short-term memory Long-term memory The organization principle of long-term memory

TM 3-TM 3-88Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.

The encoding-specificity principle

wet retrievalcontext

dry retrievalcontext

DryEncodingContext

WetEncodingContext

100%

0%

Probability of retrieval

Page 9: TM 3-1 Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc. Consumer Memory Short-term memory Long-term memory The organization principle of long-term memory

TM 3-TM 3-99Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.

Linking the concept of using office equipment and saving energy

Page 10: TM 3-1 Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc. Consumer Memory Short-term memory Long-term memory The organization principle of long-term memory

TM 3-TM 3-1010Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.

The association principle: The priming effect

Perceived Expensiveness Judgments

5.11 5.92 6.03 6.55 5.28 4.93 5.65 5.17

Moderate ExtremePrime Prime

Ambiguous target

Moderate ExtremePrime PrimeUnambiguous target

Inexpensive prime

Expensive prime

Page 11: TM 3-1 Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc. Consumer Memory Short-term memory Long-term memory The organization principle of long-term memory

TM 3-TM 3-1111Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.

Page 12: TM 3-1 Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc. Consumer Memory Short-term memory Long-term memory The organization principle of long-term memory

TM 3-TM 3-1212Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.

Page 13: TM 3-1 Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc. Consumer Memory Short-term memory Long-term memory The organization principle of long-term memory

TM 3-TM 3-1313Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.

Page 14: TM 3-1 Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc. Consumer Memory Short-term memory Long-term memory The organization principle of long-term memory

TM 3-TM 3-1414Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.

McDonalds

Worms

Page 15: TM 3-1 Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc. Consumer Memory Short-term memory Long-term memory The organization principle of long-term memory

TM 3-TM 3-1515Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.

Page 16: TM 3-1 Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc. Consumer Memory Short-term memory Long-term memory The organization principle of long-term memory

TM 3-TM 3-1616Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.

Page 17: TM 3-1 Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc. Consumer Memory Short-term memory Long-term memory The organization principle of long-term memory

TM 3-TM 3-1717Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.

Page 18: TM 3-1 Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc. Consumer Memory Short-term memory Long-term memory The organization principle of long-term memory

TM 3-TM 3-1818Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.

The association principle: Associative inference

Evaluations

6.11 6.50 10.36 10.25

Rumor Rumor plus Rumor plus No Rumor Alone Refutation Associative Control Interference

Page 19: TM 3-1 Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc. Consumer Memory Short-term memory Long-term memory The organization principle of long-term memory

TM 3-TM 3-1919Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.

Page 20: TM 3-1 Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc. Consumer Memory Short-term memory Long-term memory The organization principle of long-term memory

TM 3-TM 3-2020Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.

Implicit Memory Vicary - “Eat popcorn”

“Drink Coke”1/3000 of a second

Memory as a tool Sebastian Weisdorf

Proportion of Names Judged Famous

Famous Nonfamous New Old New

Full Attention .62 .19 .31Divided Attention .49 .27 .17

Source Amnesia

Page 21: TM 3-1 Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc. Consumer Memory Short-term memory Long-term memory The organization principle of long-term memory

TM 3-TM 3-2121Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.

Implicit memory: Misinterpreting familiarity

Proportions of names judged famous

.19 .31 .27 .17

Old Names New Names Old Names New Names Full Attention Divided Attention

Page 22: TM 3-1 Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc. Consumer Memory Short-term memory Long-term memory The organization principle of long-term memory

TM 3-TM 3-2222Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.Copyright © 1999 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.


KOGNITIF Long Term Memory

SENSORY REGISTER, SHORT & LONG-TERM MEMORY

Long-term Memory vs. Short-term Memory - Wofford …webs.wofford.edu/steinmetzkr/teaching/310PDFs/LTMvsSTM.pdf · 1 Long-term Memory vs. Short-term Memory Chapter 6 Learning Objective

3 TYPES OF MEMORY: Sensory Memory Short – Term Memory Long – Term Memory

Memory. Types of Memory Sensory Short term Long term

file · Web viewVisual processing, short-term memory, long-term memory, fluid intelligence,

Building Long-Term Memory

Long-Term Memory

Long-Term Memory: Episodic

Long term memory.ppt - Donald Bren School of Information ...majumder/vispercep/Long_term_memory.pdf · Long term memory Types of long term memory Semantic memory (Concepts and abstract

Long term memory & Memory errors

MEMORY. Outline Remembering –Memory Stages –The content of Long-term memory –Reliably of Long-term memory Forgetting –Theories about why we forget –Measuring

Short-term’’ / ‘‘Long-term’’ - Memory

1 Long-Term Memory Introduction STM versus LTM Episodic Memory Semantic Memory Procedural Memory Encoding in Long-Term Memory Depth of Processing

1 Review of Long-term Memory Long-term memory Working or Short-term Memory Sensory Input Sensory Memory Attention Encoding Retrieval Maintenance Rehearsal

1 ISE 412 Memory LONG-TERM MEMORY WORKING MEMORY SENSORY STORE

Long/Short-Term Memory

Semantic Long Term Memory

Long Short-term Memory

With Ballywaltrim SCP Recall Sensory Memory Short Term Memory Long Term Memory

Psikologi Kognitif : Long Term Memory

Minnet – grundläggande principer Sensory memory Short-term memory Long-term memory (kap 5-6)

Long Term Memory

Model of Memory Turning now to Long-Term Memory Sensory Signals Sensory Memory Short-Term Memory Long-Term Memory ATTENTION REHEARSAL RETRIEVAL

Human Memory. Three Types Sensory Memory Short Term Memory Long Term Memory Sensory Memory Short Term Memory Long Term Memory

Memory Training. Memory: sensory memory vs. short-term memory vs. long-term memory substantive memory vs. verbatim memory

Cognitive 08 - 05 long term memory

A Basic Model of Memory EnvironmentWorking Memory Long-Term Memory

Ch 6: Long-Term Memory. Long-term vs. Short-term Memory

Heather Scott Long Term Memory

Accessing forgotten memory traces from long-term memory

Short - term and long - term memory

Module 25 Storage: Retaining Information. Sensory Memory Short Term Memory Long Term Memory

Review of Long-term Memory

Memory liudexiang. contents The sensory registers Short term memory Long term memory forgetting