the imperfect (the 2 nd past tense)

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The Imperfect (The 2 nd Past Tense) Español 2

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The Imperfect (The 2 nd Past Tense). Español 2. Review of Preterite Tense. In Spanish, there are two simple past tenses. The preterite tense and the imperfect tense. The Preterite tense is used to state an action that began and ended at a specific time in the past. . The Imperfect Tense. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)

The Imperfect(The 2nd Past Tense)

Español 2

Page 2: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)

Review of Preterite Tense

• In Spanish, there are two simple past tenses. The preterite tense and the imperfect tense.

• The Preterite tense is used to state an action that began and ended at a specific time in the past.

Page 3: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)

The Imperfect Tense

• The imperfect tense is used to describe a habitual or repeated action in the past. The exact times when the action began and ended are not important.

• Translate the Imperfect tense as:– was/were ...ing Ex. They were sleeping.– used to ... Ex. I used to sleep in school.

Page 4: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)

Index Card (back w/no lines)

- ar -er/-ir

Page 5: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)

Index CardsNAME El Imperfecto

IR- To Go Ver- To See Ser- To Be

All other verbs are regular!!!

Hay = Había (in the imperfect)

Page 6: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)

Assignment

• Select 6 verbs (2 –ar, 2 er, & 2- ir) from the provided list and do the following:– Create a t-chart in the imperfect for each one.– Create a sentence using the verb in the

imperfect. Use different people (ex. Yo, Ella, Nosotros, etc)

Page 7: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)

Verbs 1. Hablar2. Comer3. Vivir4. Estar5. Dar6. Leer7. Pagar8. Tocar9. Aprender

10. Tener• Querer• Comenzar• Dormir• Poder• Poner• Salir• Hacer

18. Traer19. Venir20. Saber• Conocer• Lavarse *• Acostarse*• Divertirse*• Andar• Decir• Pedir

28. Seguir

Page 8: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)

Imperfect Past Tense Verbs

Explanation and conjugations

Page 9: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)

Continuation of notes• The imperfect is used for actions that

were repeated habitually.– Almorzábamos juntos todos los días.

We would lunch together every day.– Las señoras siempre charlaban por

las mañanas.The ladies would always chat in the mornings.

Page 10: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)

Continuation of notes• The imperfect is used for actions that

"set the stage" for another action.– Yo leía cuando entró mi papá.

I was reading when my papa entered. (note that "entered" is preterite)

• The imperfect is used for telling time, describing weather, and stating one's age.– Eran las siete de la noche.

It was seven o'clock at night.– La niña tenía cinco años.

The little girl was five years old.

Page 11: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)

Continuation of notes• One does not normally think of a general

mental state or physical sensations as having a definite beginning or end, and so they are usually expressed in the imperfect.– Ramón tenía miedo de hablar en público.

Ramón was afraid to speak in public.– Yo creía que Juan podía hacerlo.

I thought that Juan could do it.– Me gustaba el coche.

I liked the car. (The car was pleasing to me.)

Page 12: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)

Continuation of notes• The imperfect is used to describe how

things were or what things were like. Use the imperfect when describing the characteristics of people, things or conditions.– Era un muchacho muy inteligente.

He was a very intelligent boy.– Era una señorita muy guapa.

She was a beautiful young lady.– Las ventanas estaban abiertas.

The windows were open.– La casa era blanca.

The house was white.

Page 13: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)

Continuation of notesPreterite vs. Imperfect• Some verbs actually change meaning,

depending upon whether they are used in the preterite or the imperfect.Pret. Imperfect– Conocer met Used to know/knew– Querer tried wanted– no querer refused did not want– Saber found out Used to know, knew– Poder succeeded in was able to– Tener received used to have

Page 14: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)

Continuation of notes• Spanish has two past tenses: preterite

and imperfect. Most verbs can be put into either tense, depending upon the meaning.

• Some words and phrases indicate specific time frames, and therefore signal the use of the preterite.

• Other words and phrases indicate repetitive, vague or non-specific time frames, and therefore signal the use of the imperfect.

Page 15: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)

Continuation of notesExpressions that signal use of preterite

Ayer (yesterday)

la semana pasada (last week)

anoche (last night)

el mes pasado (last month)

el otro día (the other day)

el año pasado (last year)

entonces (then)

hace dos días, años (two days, years ago)

esta mañana(this morning)

ayer por la mañana (yesterday morning)

Expressions that signal use of imperfect

a menudo (often)

generalmente (usually)

a veces (sometimes)

muchas veces (many times)

cada día (every day)

siempre (always)

cada año (every year)

todo el tiempo (all the time)

de vez en cuando (from time to time)

varias veces (several times)

Page 16: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)

Continuation of notes

REPEATED, HABITUAL ACTION(imperfect)

Ellos iban al cine todos los sábados.They went (used to go) to the movies every

Saturday. Siempre se sentaban en la primera fila.They always sat (would sit) in the first row.

Todas las noches se acostaban tarde.Every night they went (would go) to bed late.

COMPLETED ACTION(Preterite)

Ellos fueron al cine el sábado pasado.They went to the movies last Saturday.

Ayer se sentaron en la última fila.Yesterday they sat in the last row.

Anoche se acostaron temprano.Last night they went to bed early.

Compare the following sentences.

Page 17: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)

Continuation of notesTwo actions in one sentenceNarrating a sequence of events1. Often a sentence may have two or more verbs in the past. The verbs may be in

the same tense or in different tenses. In the sentence below, both verbs are in the preterite. Both describe simple actions that began and ended at a specific time in the past.Laura llegó ayer y Pepe la vio. Laura arrived yesterday and Pepe saw her.

 

2. In the sentence below, the two verbs are in the imperfect because they both describe habitual or continuous actions. The moment when the actions began or ended is unimportant.Durante los inviernos, Adela iba a las montañas a esquiar, pero yo trabajaba.During the winters, Adela went(would go) to the mountains to ski, but I would

work. 

3. In the sentence below, the verb estudiaba is in the imperfect; it describes the background—what was going on. The verb in the preterite, entró, expresses the action or event that interrupted the ongoing action.

Yo estudiaba cuando Julia entró. I was studing when Julia entered.

Page 18: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)

Imperfect Tense Conjugations

Page 19: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)

1To talk, to speakHablar

2. habléhablastehabló

hablamoshablasteishablaron

3. hablaba

hablabahablabas

hablaban

Hablábamoshablabais

Page 20: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)

2To eatcomer

2. comícomistecomió

comimoscomisteiscomieron

3. comíacomíascomía

comíamos

comíancomíais

Page 21: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)

3To livevivir

2. vivívivistevivió

vivimosvivisteisvivieron

3. vivíavivíasvivía

vivíamosvivíaisvivían

Page 22: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)

4To beser

2.fuisteisfueron

fuimos

fuefuistefui

3. era

eraeras

eran

éramoserais

Page 23: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)

5To beEstar

2. estuveestuviste

estuvoestuvisteisestuvimos

estuvieron

3. estabaestabasestaba

estábamosestabaisestaban

Page 24: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)

6To goir

2. fuifuistefue

fuimosfuisteisfueron

3. iba

ibaibas

iban

íbamosibais

Page 25: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)

7To give, to throw(a party)dar

2. dídistedio

disteisdimos

dieron

3. daba

dabadabas

daban

dábamosdabais

Page 26: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)

8To seever

2. vivistevio

visteisvieron

vimos

3. veía

veíaveías

veían

veíamosveíais

Page 27: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)

9To readleer

2. leíleísteleyó

leísteisleyeron

leímos

3. leíaleíasleía

leíamosleíaisleían

Page 28: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)

10To paypagar

2. paguépagastepagó

pagasteispagaron

pagamos

3. pagabapagabas

pagaba

pagábamospagabaispagaban

Page 29: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)

11To touch, to play (an

instrument)tocar

2. toquétocastetocó

tocasteistocaron

tocamos

3. tocaba

tocabatocabas

tocaban

tocábamostocabais

Page 30: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)

12To learnaprender

2. aprendíaprendisteaprendió

aprendisteisaprendieron

aprendimos

3. aprendía

aprendíaaprendías

aprendían

aprendíamosaprendíais

Page 31: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)

13To havetener

2. tuvetuvistetuvo

tuvisteistuvieron

tuvimos

3. tenía

teníatenías

tenían

teníamosteníais

Page 32: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)

14To want, to wish,To love

querer2. quise

quisistequiso

quisisteisquisieron

quisimos

3. queríaqueríasquería

queríamos

queríanqueríais

Page 33: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)

15To begincomenzar

2. comencécomenzaste

comenzócomenzasteiscomenzaron

comenzamos

3. comenzaba

comenzabacomenzabas

comenzaban

comenzábamoscomenzabais

Page 34: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)

16To sleepdormir

2. dormídormiste

durmíodormisteisdurmieron

dormimos

3. dormíadormías

dormía

dormíamos

dormíandormíais

Page 35: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)

17To be able to, canpoder

2. pudepudiste

pudopudisteispudieron

pudimos

3. podíapodíaspodía

podíamos

podíanpodíais

Page 36: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)

18To put, to

placeponer

2. pusepusistepuso

pusisteispusieron

pusimos

3. poníaponíasponía

poníamos

poníanponíais

Page 37: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)

19To leave, to go

outsalir

2. salísalistesalió

salisteissalieron

salimos

3. salíasalíassalía

salíamos

salíansalíais

Page 38: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)

20To do, to makehacer

2. hicehicistehizo

hicisteishicieron

hicimos

3. hacíahacíashacía

hacíamos

hacíanhacíais

Page 39: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)

21To bringtraer

2. trajetrajistetrajo

trajisteistrajeron

trajimos

3. traíatraíastraía

traíamos

traíantraíais

Page 40: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)

22To comeVenir

2. vinevinistevino

vininsteisvinieron

vinimos

3. VeníaVeníasVenía

Veníamos

VeníanVeníais

Page 41: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)

23To knowsaber

2. supesupiste

suposupisteissupieron

supimos

3. sabíasabíassabía

sabíamos

sabíansabíais

Page 42: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)

24To know, to be familiar withconocer

2. conocíconociste

conocióconocisteisconocieron

conocimos

3. conocíaconocíasconocía

conocíamos

conocíanconocíais

Page 43: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)

25To wash one’s selfLavarse

2. me lavéte lavaste

se lavóos lavasteisse lavaron

nos lavamos

3. me Lavaba

se Lavabate Lavabas

se Lavaban

nos Lavábamosos Lavabais

Page 44: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)

26To go to bedacostarse

2. me acostéte acostastese acostó

os acostasteisse acostaron

nos acostamos

3. me acostaba

se acostabate acostabas

se acostaban

nos acostábamosos acostabais

Page 45: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)

27To enjoy one’s self,To have a good timedivertirse

2. me divertíte divertistese divirtió

os divertisteisse divirtieron

nos divertimos

3.me divertíate divertíasse divertía

nos divertíamos

se divertíanos divertíais

Page 46: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)

28To walkandar

2. anduveanduviste

anduvoanduvisteisanduvieron

anduvimos

3. andaba

andabaandabas

andaban

andábamosandabais

Page 47: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)

29To say, to telldecir

2. dijedijistedijo

dijisteisdijeron

dijimos

3. decíadecíasdecía

decíamos

decíandecíais

Page 48: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)

30To ask for, to requestpedir

2. pedípedistepidió

pedisteispidieron

pedimos

3. pedíapedíaspedía

pedíamos

pedíanpedíais

Page 49: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)

31To follow, to continueseguir

2. seguíseguiste

siguióseguisteissiguieron

seguimos

3. seguíaseguías

seguía

seguíamos

seguíanseguíais

Page 50: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)

32To hearoír

2. oíoísteoyó

oísteisoyeron

oímos

3. oíaoíasoía

oíamos

oíanoíais

Page 51: The Imperfect (The 2 nd  Past Tense)