Trojan War Imperfect Tense

Imperfect TenseAction in the past which is incomplete, habitual, or continuing

Happens over a ___________________ Active means the subject ________________ Translation _____________________________ _____ I was _________ we were _____ you were _________ you pl were ______ h/she, it was _______ they were

Imperfect Active

Happens over a time period in the past◦ Habitual or continuous in the past instead of a

one-time, finished action◦ I was driving to the mountains.

Was driving refers to the process of being in the car for three hours.

Active means the subject does the verb Translations: was/were, used to, began to,

kept on

Imperfect Active indicative for regular verbs

Bam I was bamus we were Bas you were batis you pl were

Bat h/she, it was bant they were

Imperfect Active

Bam Bas Bat (Unus Remix) -- Imperfect Tense Latin Verb Ending

LJCL: Lady BaBa and the Imperfect Tense The Imperfect Indicative Review Song Latin Imperfect Tense Endings

Youtube

For most verbs, start with the infinitive (re)◦Remove the “re”◦Add the endings◦Necabam, necabas, necabat,

necabamus, necabatis, necabant

Forming the imperfect tense

Translate. 1. pugnabamus 2. navigabas 3. petebat 4. obsidebant 5. bellum gerebatis 6. pugnabatis 7. necabant 8. pugnabas

Practice #1 Imperfect

Make the Latin word to translate the phrase. 1. I was fighting 2. they began to kil 3. they kept on killing 4. you were attacking 5. I used to sail 6. he was sailing 7. you pl. kept on attacking 8. we were killing

Practice #2 Imperfect

Translate. 1. Graeci pugnabant extra muros. 2. Achilles erat Graecus. 3. Achilles Troianos necabat. 4. Aeneas non poterat necare Helenam. 5. Graeci multos annos bellum gerebant.

Practice #3 Imperfect

Happens __________________________ Passive means the subject __________________ Translation

_________________________________________________________________

_____ I was being -ed _______we were being --ed _____ you were being -ed _______ you pl

were being -ed _____ h/she, it was ________ they were

being –ed being ---ed

Imperfect passive

Happens over a time period in the past Passive means the subject does not do the

verb Translation: was/were being –ed, used to

be –ed, began to be –ed, kept on being --ed

Imperfect passive indicative for regular verbs

Bar I was being -ed bamur we were being --ed

Baris you were being -ed bamini you pl were being -ed

Batur h/she, it was bantur they being –ed were being --ed

Imperfect passive

Translate. 1. pugnabamur 2. obsedebaris 3. petebatur 4. obsidebantur 5. videbar

Practice #1 Imperfect Passive

1. mitte_________ they were being sent 2. duce__________ we were being led 3. pete__________ you were being sought 4. rege__________ he was being ruled 5. naviga _________ the boat was being

sailed

Practice #2 Imperfect passive: Add the ending to make the correct Latin word

Irregular Imperfect tense verbs

Sum, possum become eram, poteram

________________________◦ I was

________________________◦ You were

__________________________◦ He, she, it was

________________________◦ We were

________________________you pl. were___________________________they were

Linking Verb Imperfect Tense

___eram_____________________◦ I was

___eras_____________________◦ You were

___erat_______________________◦ He, she, it was

___eramus_____________________◦ We were

_____eratis___________________you pl. were_____erant______________________they were

Linking Verb Imperfect Tense

________________________◦ I was able

_________________________◦ You were able

_________________________◦ He, she, it was able

_________________________◦ We were able

____________________________you pl. were able____________________________they were able

Possum Imperfect needs infinitive

_____poteram___________________◦ I was able

______poteras___________________◦ You were able

______poterat___________________◦ He, she, it was able

______poteramus___________________◦ We were able

________poteratis____________________you pl. were able________poterant____________________they were able

Possum Imperfect needs infinitive

Carefully translate each sentence below. 1. Milites mittebantur ad Troiam. 2. Graeci reges milites ducebant. 3. Muri Troiae erant magni. 4. Urbs Troiae est in Asiā. 5. Naves poterant facere iter ad Troiam. 6. Troia a Graecis obsidebatur. 7. Milites Graecorum et Troianorum

pugnabant.

Practice with present and imperfect verbs in the active and passive

Erat crudelis nox Troianis. Contra Graecos in bello diu pugnabant sed Graeci Troianos poterant non vincere in proelio sed dolo.

Nunc Graeci intra muros Troiae oppugnabant. Ligneo equo Graeci Troianos vinciebant.

Troia ardebat!◦ Crudelis/cruel; contra/against; diu/for a long time;

dolo/by a trick; intra/within; ligneo/wooden; ardebat/burn

Aeneas Must Leave Troy

1. When does the story take place?◦ A.◦ B.

2. What has been happening for a long time?◦ A◦ B.

3. What was changing?◦ A.◦ B.

CQTE

4. How were the Greeks winning?◦ A.◦ B.

5. Where are the Greeks?◦ A.◦ B.

6. What is the condition of Troy?◦ A.◦ B.

Necesse erat Aeneae discedere ex urbe. Volebat pugnare Graecos; etiam volebat necare Helenam sed Hectoris umbra et Venus sua mater Troiano duci dicebant veritatem de Troiā. Nemo Troiam servare poterat.

Quoque dicebant verba oraculi : “Aeneas aedificabit novam urbem cum populis

qui e Troiā discedent,” dei dicunt.◦ Discedere/leave;volebat/was wanting; umbra/ghost;

sua/his; veritatem/truth; nemo/no one; verba oraculi/ a prophesy; aedificabit/will build/ novam/new; populis/people; discedent/will leave

7. What is necessary?◦ A.◦ B.

8. What does he want to do?◦ A.◦ B

9. Who tells him the truth?◦ A.◦ B.

10. What is the truth?a.B.

11.What else do they tell him?a.

b.

Autem pater Anchises nolebat exire. Aeneas non poterat exire sine patre.

Anchises suo filio dicebat, “ Necesse est tibi discedere ex urbe cum tuā feminā et filio. Discede me in Troiā. Ego volo manēre in meo domo. Exspectabo signa deorum.”◦ Autem/however; nolebat/not want; sine/without;

suo/his; discedere/leave; discede me/ leave me;◦ Volo/ want; exspectabo/I will wait; signum/sign

11. Why can Aeneas not leave?◦ A.◦ B.

12. What does Anchises tell him to do?◦ A.◦ b

13. What does Anchises want to do?◦ A.◦ B.

14. Why is he waiting?◦ A◦ B.

Aeneas respondet, “ Necesse est nobis omnibus exire ex urbe. Portabo te, ducam meum filium, tu portabis lares et penates (household gods). Creusa poterit ambulare nobiscum. Possumus non manēre in urbe Troiae.”◦ Omnibus/all; portabo/I will carry; te/you; ducam/I

will lead; tu portabis/ you will carry; lares at penate/household gods; poterit/ will be able; nobiscum/with us

15. What is necessary for all?◦ A.◦ B.

16. What will he do for Anchises?◦ A.◦ B.

17. What will he do for Ascanius?◦ A.◦ B.

18. What will Anchises do?◦ A.◦ B.

19. What does he believe Creusa will do?◦ A.◦ B.

20. What does he finally say?◦ A.◦ B.

Step one: List all the imperfect tense verbs in the passage. You can underline them first. If a verb appears more than once, you do not have to repeat it.

Step Two: translate each verb with the correct pronoun subject

E.g. Pugnabant they were fighting. Step Three: Convert the active verbs to passive by

changing the ending but keeping the same subject . Translate the passive.

“erat” and “poterat” cannot be passive.◦ E.g. Pugnabant they were fighting pugnabantur they were

being fought

Imperfect Tense in context