The foundations of memory

By S. Aleksandrova

Content :

• What is memory?

• Three – stage model of memory

• Sensory memory

• Short – term memory

• Long – term memory

• How can you improve your memory?

• References

What is memory?

Memory - is the process by which we encode , store , and retrieve information.

Encoding-initial recording of information

Storage-information saved for future use.

Retriever- recovery of stored information.

Memory is built on three basic processes:

Three-stage model of memory

Sensory memory

Sensory memory - Sensory memory corresponds approximately to the initial 200–500 milliseconds after an item is perceived. The ability to look at an item, and remember what it looked like with just a second of observation, or memorisation, is an example of sensory memory.

Sensory memory lasts only an instant.

Types of sensory memory:

•Iconic memory

•Echoic memory

•Haptic memory

Short-term memory

Short-term memory -is the capacity for holding a small amount of information in mind in an active, readily available state for a short period of time.

Short-term memory lasts from a few seconds to a minute.

Long-term memory

Long Term Memory -contains information that you have recorded in your brain in the past.

Long-term memory can last as little as a few days or as long as decades

Long-term memory modules :

-Declarative memory

*Semantic memory

*Episodic memory

-Procedural memory

How can you improve your memory?

• Sleep well

• Organize your life

• Eat well and eat right

Conclusion :

In psychology, memory is an organism's ability to store, retain, and recall information and experiences. Memory is one of the most important things to our life. It helps us to improve our ability to understand the world. Memory traditionally can be devided into three parts : sensory , short-term and long-term memory.

References :Information was taken on September 16th

Robert Feldman. “Understanding Psychology”, New York (N.Y.) : McGraw-Hill, 2008http://www.wikihow.com/Improve-Your-Memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Declarative_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procedural_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Episodic_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_memory

Pictures references:

All pictures were picked on September 16th

http://www.montonfashion.com/lit/wp212/wp-content/uploads/2008/09/smelio-laikrodis.jpghttp://www.kaunozinios.lt/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/klaustukas_sxc.jpghttp://www.trukme.lt/uploads/images/LMDP/Lamiga/23_m0204_pilka.jpghttp://blog.wonghongting.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/thinking-pic.jpghttp://ims.mii.lt/klav/nuotrauka1.gifhttp://hdnaujienos.lt/wp-content/uploads/2009/01/1-13-09-samsung_p2370.jpghttp://www.tykiai.lt/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/deze-300x300.jpghttp://blog.cyclope-series.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/01/idea_bulb.jpghttp://www.nurseweb.villanova.edu/womenwithdisabilities/Stress/Thought2.jpghttp://www.dynamicflight.com/avcfibook/learning_process/1-9.gif