the basics of 5g: what, when and · pdf file•wcdma, cdma2000 2010s •4g...

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THE BASICS OF 5G: WHAT, WHEN AND WHY

Francis (Fran) O’BRIEN, Jr., Ph.D.November 21, 2013 – TIA Beyond 2020: A Vision of 5G Networks

2


WHAT IS 5G?

• “5G” not yet been defined by any recognized standards body or fora• Many industry and academic research activities

underway

• Industry view – 5G will be the next generation wireless technology deployed in 2020• Historically the ITU-R has led the industry in the

definition of the next generation wireless

• ITU does not officially use the nomenclature “4G” or “5G”

• ITU Vision Document ~2013 – 2015, ITU Requirements ~2016 - 2018

Industry is in the early stages of defining “5G”

1980s•1G•AMPS

1990s•2G•GSM, IS-95, IS-136

2000s•3G•WCDMA, CDMA2000

2010s•4G•LTE/LTE-A, 802.16m

3


DRIVERS FOR 5G

2020:

5G

2008:

4G - LTETechnology Advancements Silicon, power saving, etc.

New Requirements & Services

HD, 4K, 3D & Virtual & Augmented Reality M2M

Services

Reliability, Availability, Interworking & Low cost

3D radio channels mm-wave

New WaveformsNFV, SDN, Cloud

4


TIMELINE FOR 5G

5G will most likely be available after 2020

Period 3G mobile 4G Mobile 5G Mobile ITU-R Recommendations

2000-05 Deployment and ongoing evolution (3GPP Rel4-7)

Research (OFDM, MIMO) IMT-2000

2005-10 Mainstream adoption and continuity evolution (3GPP Rel8-9)

Initial standards (3GPP Rel8-9)

IMT-2000 updates (inclusion of HSPA, LTE and WiMAX)

2010-15 Maturity Deployment and ongoing evolution (3GPP Rel10-12)

Research IMT-2000 updates IMT-Advanced

2015-20 Declining usage? Mainstream adoption and continuity evolution (3GPP Rel13-??)

Initial standards around 2020 (3GPP Rel16?)

IMT-Advanced updates IMT-2020

2020-25 Maturity Deployment and ongoing evolution

5


FUTURE OF LTE‐ADVANCED

• LTE-Advanced (Rel. 10 & Beyond) will continue to evolve to provide additional capacity, to improve end-user experience and to support new services in Releases 12-15

• In evolving LTE-Advanced, some compromises will inevitably be made to support some new concepts and services while retaining backward compatibility

• New requirements will eventually be unsupportable in LTE

• 5G will be needed when the compromises that would be required to accommodate the new requirements in a backward-compatible way with LTE would result in too great a loss of performance compared to the potential optimum

6


5G FLEXIBILITY AND SCALE REQUIREMENTS

Support wide variety of device capabilities efficiently - low cost, low rate M2M and high end smart devices

Support connectivity for x10 more devices in the same area

Support widely different mobility scenarios efficiently

Support multiple virtual networks, each adapted to meet a different application need

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Professional /Disaster Relief

CHALLENGING SCENARIOS

Broadband/DenseBroadband/Dense

CoverageCoverage

CrowdCrowd Machine typeMachine type

Mission criticalMission critical

High traffic

Cost

Multicast

Availability

Security

Rural areas

Cost

Latency

Reliability

High density

Sporadic

Uplink traffic

Correlation

Applications can use different types of communication

Many devices

Low Battery power consumption

8


SERVICE DESCRIPTION

Richer Service description

Rate description ((n)GBR ..), priority,

Latency information (Packet delay), loss rate

Priority information (e.g. ARP) Availability class: best effort / prioritized

Mobility category: fixed / nomadic /vehicular

M2M characteristics (type class, periodicity, loss rate, sensor/actor)

UE power category

Security / Application privacy

5G will rely on a rich,up-to date

service description

Input from user application layer

Input from service provider

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HOW TO USE 5G SERVICE MATRIX: EXAMPLE RATE AND LATENCY

••

• Weather station

• Smart metering

• Smart home

Low-rate, Delay tolerant

• Traffic lights

• Car2car (emergency braking)

Low-rate, Low latency

High-rate, Delay tolerant

• Video/internet download

• Video streaming

High-rate, Low latency

• Virtual/ augmented reality

• Multi-player gaming

• Mission critical video

Optimized for Performance

Optimized for Cost & Efficiency

High end

devices

Low end

devices

LatencyLatency

Ban

dwid

th

Modular system: Algorithms & Methods Optimized for the Service

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Time to Availability Separate development, earlier availability possible

Spectrum allocation System-to systemFixed or slow spectrum sharing

In-system resource allocation (semi-static or dynamic)

Cost/ Coverage Separate deploymentsHigher cost due to separate deployment

One deployment, lower cost for coverage

Devices/ Service Separate M2M and mobile devices Dedicated M2M devices.Service can be used also for mobiles, smart watches (messaging, sleep mode ..)

INTEGRATED OR SEPARATE NARROWBAND?

RAN 2RAN 1

Broadband traffic

Machine-type traffic

Integrated RANResource allocation

Broadband traffic

Machine-type traffic

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POTENTIAL 5G TECHNOLOGIESPotential Technology Description Target benefits

Millimeter-wave technology Using 30 - 60 GHz frequency range for short range access

Massive amount of spectrum can be used to provide very high data rates in/outdoors

High-order MIMO 16 or more antenna elements in active array

Capacity increase through high-order MU-MIMO for high user densities and low

mobility

Waveform enhancementse.g. FDM with non-sinc

pulses for sharper frequency domain roll-off

• <10% SE gain from reduced guard band• Possibly lower PAPR

Network Function Virtualization (NFV)

Pooling of processing across many sites (starting in 4G

and more widespread in 5G)

• Cost Reduction• Agility gain

Software Defined Networking (SDN)

Logically centralized control of access, transport and core

• Cost reduction• Improved flexibility to meet needs of

different services/mobility

Smart Networking

Superior pre-loading, off-loading, load-balancing,

spectrum sharing, application awareness

• Increase in data delivered

Ultra Wideband Radios Radios that span multiple bands

• Cost reduction for radio• Flexible spectrum utilization

Connectionless / random-access data in embedded narrow band with smart

wakeup

Allow devices to send short data bursts without elaborate

signaling procedures

• SE gain for large number of MTC devices• Substantial improvement in battery life for

sporadic communication

MORESPECTRUM(Hz)

MORE SPECTRAL EFFICIENCY (Bits/Sec/Hz)

MORE SPACIAL EFFICIENCY (Bits/Sec/Hz/User)

INCREASECAPACITY

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5G GLOBAL ACTIVITIES

Europe

Asia

Americas

Industry Research

• Seventh Framework Programme (FPG7) – EU• Mobile and wireless communications Enablers for the Twenty-twenty

Information Society (METIS) – EU• Centre for Communications Research - UK

• IMT-2020 (5G) Promotion Group – China• 5G Program (National 863 program) – China• Korean 5G Forum - Korea• 2020 and Beyond AdHoc – Japan• Tokyo Institute of Technology and NTT docomo - Japan

• Polytechnic Institute of New York University – Government, Academia, & Industry• VA Tech – Broadband Wireless Access & Applications Center – Academia, Industry,

Government• Wireless@MIT Center – Academia & Industry• Intel Strategic Research Alliance – Academia & Industry

• Alcatel-Lucent• Ericsson

• Huawei• InterDigital

• NSN• Qualcomm

• Samsung• Etc.

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• Early stages of 5G

• Currently there is no set of industry requirements or strong demands for 5G, however there are key drivers which are guiding 5G

• Global research through Government Initiatives, Industry and Academia• Europe and Asia leading in organized efforts

• 4G LTE-Advanced will meet current and many future requirements

• Wireless Industry is coalescing around a small set of technologies for 5G

• 5G will be characterized by more than just speed• New air interfaces, advanced antenna design, use of mm-wave frequencies, support for machine-to-

machine communication and new network architectures• Several technologies under consideration for 5G will evolve from 4G

SUMMARY

the basics of 5g: what, when and · pdf file•wcdma, cdma2000 2010s •4g...

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