5g standardization - interdigital

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5G StandardizationMobile World Congress 2015

© 2015 InterDigital, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

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5G Standardization Roadmap


2G (1990s)Digital Voice

3G (2000s)Broadband Data

4G (2010s)Widespread Broadband

5G “The Living Network” (2020s)Ultra Broadband Era and IoT Era

1G (1980s)Analog Voice

5G Services

5G Network Architecture

5G Air Interface

5G Spectrum

M2M, V2X, Explosion of Video, Proximity and Context Awareness,

Tactile Internet, Public Safety, …

Device-centric and D2D, Dense and Layered Architecture, NFV and Cloud RAN, SON, …

Massive MIMO, Advanced Waveforms, NOMA, Full Duplex, …

Flexible and Dynamic Spectrum Sharing, New Spectrum for Access and Backhaul, mmWave, …

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5G Standards IncubationNumerous industry forums and research projects working today to feed 5G standardization tomorrow

5G

Next Generation Mobile Networks (NGMN) Alliance

• Developing end to end operator requirements to satisfy the needs of customers and markets in 2020+

Small Cell Forum• Study Groups exploring Wi-Fi Integration,

Virtualization, SON and more for dense small cell deployments

ETSI Industry Specification Groups (ISGs)• Organized around a set of ETSI work items

each addressing a specific technology area (e.g. millimeter Wave Transmission (mWT), Mobile-Edge Computing (MEC) and Network Function Virtualization (NFV)

Open Network Foundation (ONF)• Technical communities analyzing Software-

Defined-Networking (SDN) requirements, evolving the OpenFlow Standard to address the needs of commercial deployments, and researching new standards to expand SDN benefits

Open Daylight• Collaborative open source project looking to

accelerate the adoption of software-defined networking (SDN) and create a solid foundation for Network Functions Virtualization (NFV)

Large Scale Industry-Academic Research Projects• METIS-2020, 5GPPP, 5G Forum, and many more…


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ITU Regulation: Setting the Stage for 5G

User experienced

data rate

Peak data rate Mobility Latency Connection

density Energy efficiency Spectrum efficiency

Are Traffic Capacity

[100 Mbit/s –

1 Gbit/s][20 Gbit/s] 500km/h 1ms (radio

interface) 106 per km2 100 times IMT-Advanced

[2,3,5 times IMT-Advanced] 10 Mbps/m2

The mobile community is working towards defining objectives for IMT-2020 Key capabilities have been identified and may continue to evolve in the future

Additional spectrum expected be identified for IMT at World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC) in 2015

More than 500 MHz of additional spectrum could be identified for IMT below 6 GHz

• Low band (<1 GHz) for macro coverage • Mid-to-high band (1-3 GHz) for macro/micro coverage• High band (3-6 GHz) for micro/pico/hotspots

Spectrum outlook for 2020 and beyond: Potential Agenda Item for spectrum

above 6 GHz to be considered at WRC 2019

Additional Spectrum below 6 GHz could be also be considered

Identifying Additional Spectrum for 5G

Identifying Capabilities for 5G

WRC 2015 WRC 2019


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3GPP: Standardization TimelineWell positioned to drive the definition of next generation wireless communication standards

Release 14

Release 15

LTE/LTE-A is fastest developing mobile technology* 360 LTE networks commercially launched 373 million LTE subscriptions globally

*Based on GSA Mobile Broadband Report January 2015

LTE R12-R13Early study of 5G building blocks

(e.g., D2D, 3D-MIMO, Small Cells, ...)

5G in 3GPP LTE Evolution (<6 GHz) + New Air Interface (>6 GHz) Initial Study Items targeting 5G features expected to

start in R14 timeframe

2019 20202014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Release 12

Release 13

Release 16


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3GPP: 5G LTE Evolution (<6 GHz)Licensed-Assisted Access (LAA) LTE Utilizing LTE in unlicensed spectrum

Use of 2D Antenna Arrays to enable 3D MIMO

System enhancements for M2M

Radio-level LTE-WiFi IntegrationDevice-to-Device discovery and communication

V2X for safety and traffic

management

Multiple-layers of connectivity across

Macro and Small CellsMacro Layer LTE

Small Cell Layer LTE

5GHzLTE

Wi-Fi


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5G Emerging Technologies in the network subsystem

New air interface design above 6 GHz

• New non-backwards compatible air interface designs in cmWave and mmWave spectrum

• Tight integration of backhaul and access, along with LTE for macro-layer connectivity

• Potential Air Interface techniques

• Spectrally agile Advanced Waveforms• Advanced spatial processing techniques, e.g.

Massive MIMO, CoMP and more• Exploiting advanced receivers through Non-

Orthogonal Multiple Access• Full duplex single channel communications to

increase bandwidth efficiency• “Ultra-light” protocol design for latency reduction

and “always-on” connectivity


Next GeNB

mmWbackhaul

mmWaccess

TraditionalCellular

Link

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Wi-Fi: Standardization TimelineExpecting Wi-Fi to continue evolving as a key radio technology within 5G networks

2019 20202014 2015 2016 2017 2018

802.11ah – Sub 1 GHz

802.11ai – Fast Initial Link Setup

802.11aj – China mmWave

802.11aq – Pre-Association Discovery

802.11ak – General Link

802.11ax – High Efficiency Wi-Fi

Next Generation 60 GHz

5G Carrier Grade Wi-Fi to enable expanded Wi-Fi usage Higher air interface efficiency to support larger number of users Stable “cellular-like” experience Support for robust and dynamic deployments


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Wi-Fi: 5G Feature Highlights (1/2)

802.11ax – High Efficiency WLAN

• Successor to 802.11ac targeting at least four times improvement in the average throughput per station in dense deployment scenarios

• Significant improvement of spectral efficiency with a high density of STAs

• Focusing on frequency bands between 1 GHz and 6 GHz

• Potential enhancements include:• Introduction of OFDMA to 802.11

• MIMO extensions to OFDMA• Introduction of access control to 802.11• UL multi-user MIMO• Fractional CSMA and Enhanced Power Control• Backward compatibility and coexistence


PROBLEM

SOLUTION

Data ACKData ACK

G-RTS Data

G-RTS

G-RTS

G-RTS

G-CTS

G-CTS

G-CTS Data Data

Data

Data

G-ACK

G-CTS

G-CTS

G-CTS

G-CTS G-ACK

G-ACK

G-ACK

Data

Idle frequency bands

G-ACK

G-ACK

SIFS SIFS SIFS SIFS SIFS SIFS

Data ACK

Pad

Pad

STA1

STA2 STA3

STA4

AP

DL Transmission to multiple Users

Coordinated uplink transmission from multiple users

Channel 1

Channel 2

Channel 3

Channel 4

Channel 1

Channel 2

Channel 3

Channel 4

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Wi-Fi: 5G Feature Highlights (2/2)

Next Generation mmWave WLAN (NG60)

• Evolving existing 802.11ad interface towards 30+ Gbps

• Target use cases:• Wireless “Cable” replacement

• Connector-free platform extension• Multi-Gigabit cloud• HD video• D2D collaboration

• Mobile traffic offload• Wireless Backhaul• High-speed data download

• Potential enhancements:• SU/MIMO (2x2): Closed and Open loop• Channel Bonding• New Modulations formats (e.g. 64 QAM)


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IETF: Standardization TimelineMultiple IETF Working Groups defining building blocks for future 5G networks

2019 20202014 2015 2016 2017 20186LowPAN

EMANROLL

CoRE (CoAP)6TiSCH

OPSAWG

FORCESCDNI

NVO3DMM

ICNRGSDNRG

NFVRG

RTCweb

HTTPAuthACE

SCAMFuture Security WG

Internet of Things (IoT) Working Groups

Cloud/VirtualizationWorking Groups

SecurityWorking Groups

RTCweb Working Group


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IETF: 5G Feature HighlightsNumerous industry forums and research projects working today to feed 5G standardization tomorrow

Internet of Things (IoT)• Multiple WGs covering L2/L3 framing, IP routing, applications protocols (CoAP, 6tisch), network and energy management (e.g. OPSAWG, EMAN)

Cloud/Virtualization• Need for standardization broadly recognized within IETF in spite of numerous proprietary deployments today• Current IETF activities include Internet Data Center virtualization (NVO3)and SDN (FORCES, DMM)• Smarter content management and localization protocols will allow higher amounts of information and reduced network latency to access them

(e.g. ICN, CDNI)

RTCweb• Browser to browser interactive rich communication using audio, video, collaboration, games, etc. between web browsers of two or more peers• Real-time communications in web browsers (RTCweb)• Additional parallel application API standardization work underway in W3C

Security• Strongly motivated by reporting of widespread (pervasive) surveillance on the Internet• Previous IETF security solutions were more local and or point-to-point• Work recently started with more still to come (HTTPAuth, ACE, SACM)


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Video: Standardization TimelineVideo traffic volume continues to explode along with the need for enhanced visual quality

2019 20202014 2015 2016 2017 2018

HEVC Version 2

HEVC Version 3

Next Generation Video CodingRequirements

HEVC Standards Series Compared to H.264/AVC, coding performance more than doubled Rich set of features and capabilities: format range extension, scalability extension, multi-

view/3D extension, screen content coding extension

Future Video Coding Standard Performance expected to be improved by another factor of 2 over HEVC High coding efficiency for emerging video format: 4K & 8K resolution, HDR, WCG, HFR, etc. Inherent scalability provides support for heterogeneous client devices, as well as robust transmission over

mobile networks


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Video: 5G Feature Highlights (1/2)


Video 2020 2x compression efficiency, esp. for the emerging formats User generated content, video streaming, video sharing, surveillance, etc. Desirable features: scalability, low power consumption, etc.

8K120Hz

4K60/120Hz

HD60Hz

SD

Increased spatial resolution and temporal frame rate are continuing trend of “more pixels”

Higher bit depth, high dynamic range, and wider color gamut are domains for “better pixels”

More Pixels

BetterPixels

Wide Color Gamut

Bit Depth

Bandwidth increase

Perceptual benefit HighLowLow

High

4K resolution

High Frame Rate High

Dynamic Range

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Video: 5G Feature Highlights (2/2)


Video sharing, YouTube, social network

Netflix, Amazon, iTunes, Hulu Plus

Broadcasting, Cable

User generated

content

Professionalcontent Traditional

distribution

OTT distribution

TV shows, movies, sports events

Cloud Computing

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oneM2M: Standardization TimelineEnabling IoT devices, applications, and services to utilize a common platform

2019 20202014 2015 2016 2017 2018

oneM2M 1st Global Service Layer technology 7 SDOs

ARIB, ATIS, CCSA, ETSI, TIA, TTA, & TTC 4 Vertical partners & growing

BBF, Continua Alliance, HGI, & OMA Interworking with existing technologies & alliances

oneM2M R1 & R2 Features Wide-Scale Deployment Enhancements Security Application Enablement Big Data Enablement Testing & Interoperability Interworking

oneM2M R1

oneM2M R2

Next Generation Service Layer Requirements

One M2M Future Standardization Projecting oneM2M industry consensus for IoT starting

during Release 2 timeframe


oneM2M: 5G Feature Highlights (1/2)

• A common set of service layer capabilities

• Access independent view of end-to-end services

• Open/standard interfaces, APIs and protocols

• Security, privacy and charging aspects

• Reachability and discovery of applications

• Interoperability, including test and conformance specifications

• Identification and naming of devices and applications

• Management aspects (including remote management of entities)

*Based on oneM2M standards


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oneM2M: 5G Feature Highlights (2/2)Future oneM2M features enabling IoT deployment in 5G networks

oneM2M

Interworking• Enhance 3GPP interworking• AllSeen• OIC• IIC

Application Enablement• App APIs• App development guide• Service profiling

Testing and Interoperability• Test specifications• Certification (external)

Big Data Enablement• Semantics support and use cases• Analytics

Wide-Scale Deployment Enhancements• Home Domain Enablement• API versioning• Plug and play scenarios• Lessons learned from prototypes

Security• E2E security• Group authentication• Role based security

*Based on oneM2M standards


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Involvement of key 5G verticals in

standardization process

• New participants can play a key role in shaping 5G standards (e.g. emergence of Public Safety stakeholders in 3GPP)

New Challenges Ahead for 5G Standardization

• Complexity of emerging users and usage scenarios

• Evolving from single-purpose wireless system (mobile broadband) to a broader range of use cases and requirements (e.g. breadth IoT service and device types)

• Need for scalable service experience anytime and anywhere at a lower cost

Multiple Standards Organizations expected to define key building

blocks for 5G• Focus on coexistence, integration and

harmonization across standards that complement each other to provide the ultimate 5G experience

• Leverage and enhance existing technologies toward 5G requirements (e.g. LTE evolution) to complement new technologies (e.g. new radio access technology)

• Different standards and/or technologies may be required to address different 5G use cases and requirements Avoid “one standard fits all” approach


5G Standardization Challenges and Opportunities

InterDigital: Proven Standards LeadershipWell positioned for strong contributions to the design of 5G across multiple Standards Organizations

Proven InterDigital Standards Leadership Highlights

Thousands of InterDigital contributions to various standards organizations over the years

helping shape 3G, 4G and soon 5G

3GPP RAN WG2 Vice Chair (since 2013)Current OMA Board of Directors/

Board Officer (since 2013)

ITU-R WP 5D - US Spokesperson for

Technology (since 2013)

3GPP RAN WG3 Vice Chair (2001-09)Past Board of Directors Small

Cell Forum (2009-10)802.21 WG

vice-chair (2010-12)

And more…

And more…

Development of standards-grade simulation platforms to validate 5G candidate technologies

Available for 3GPP, Wi-Fi, and many advanced concepts


5g standardization - interdigital

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