Download - 5G Standardization - InterDigital
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5G Standardization Roadmap
© 2015 InterDigital, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
2G (1990s)Digital Voice
3G (2000s)Broadband Data
4G (2010s)Widespread Broadband
5G “The Living Network” (2020s)Ultra Broadband Era and IoT Era
1G (1980s)Analog Voice
5G Services
5G Network Architecture
5G Air Interface
5G Spectrum
M2M, V2X, Explosion of Video, Proximity and Context Awareness,
Tactile Internet, Public Safety, …
Device-centric and D2D, Dense and Layered Architecture, NFV and Cloud RAN, SON, …
Massive MIMO, Advanced Waveforms, NOMA, Full Duplex, …
Flexible and Dynamic Spectrum Sharing, New Spectrum for Access and Backhaul, mmWave, …
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5G Standards IncubationNumerous industry forums and research projects working today to feed 5G standardization tomorrow
5G
Next Generation Mobile Networks (NGMN) Alliance
• Developing end to end operator requirements to satisfy the needs of customers and markets in 2020+
Small Cell Forum• Study Groups exploring Wi-Fi Integration,
Virtualization, SON and more for dense small cell deployments
ETSI Industry Specification Groups (ISGs)• Organized around a set of ETSI work items
each addressing a specific technology area (e.g. millimeter Wave Transmission (mWT), Mobile-Edge Computing (MEC) and Network Function Virtualization (NFV)
Open Network Foundation (ONF)• Technical communities analyzing Software-
Defined-Networking (SDN) requirements, evolving the OpenFlow Standard to address the needs of commercial deployments, and researching new standards to expand SDN benefits
Open Daylight• Collaborative open source project looking to
accelerate the adoption of software-defined networking (SDN) and create a solid foundation for Network Functions Virtualization (NFV)
Large Scale Industry-Academic Research Projects• METIS-2020, 5GPPP, 5G Forum, and many more…
© 2015 InterDigital, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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ITU Regulation: Setting the Stage for 5G
User experienced
data rate
Peak data rate Mobility Latency Connection
density Energy efficiency Spectrum efficiency
Are Traffic Capacity
[100 Mbit/s –
1 Gbit/s][20 Gbit/s] 500km/h 1ms (radio
interface) 106 per km2 100 times IMT-Advanced
[2,3,5 times IMT-Advanced] 10 Mbps/m2
The mobile community is working towards defining objectives for IMT-2020 Key capabilities have been identified and may continue to evolve in the future
Additional spectrum expected be identified for IMT at World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC) in 2015
More than 500 MHz of additional spectrum could be identified for IMT below 6 GHz
• Low band (<1 GHz) for macro coverage • Mid-to-high band (1-3 GHz) for macro/micro coverage• High band (3-6 GHz) for micro/pico/hotspots
Spectrum outlook for 2020 and beyond: Potential Agenda Item for spectrum
above 6 GHz to be considered at WRC 2019
Additional Spectrum below 6 GHz could be also be considered
Identifying Additional Spectrum for 5G
Identifying Capabilities for 5G
WRC 2015 WRC 2019
© 2015 InterDigital, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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3GPP: Standardization TimelineWell positioned to drive the definition of next generation wireless communication standards
Release 14
Release 15
LTE/LTE-A is fastest developing mobile technology* 360 LTE networks commercially launched 373 million LTE subscriptions globally
*Based on GSA Mobile Broadband Report January 2015
LTE R12-R13Early study of 5G building blocks
(e.g., D2D, 3D-MIMO, Small Cells, ...)
5G in 3GPP LTE Evolution (<6 GHz) + New Air Interface (>6 GHz) Initial Study Items targeting 5G features expected to
start in R14 timeframe
2019 20202014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Release 12
Release 13
Release 16
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3GPP: 5G LTE Evolution (<6 GHz)Licensed-Assisted Access (LAA) LTE Utilizing LTE in unlicensed spectrum
Use of 2D Antenna Arrays to enable 3D MIMO
System enhancements for M2M
Radio-level LTE-WiFi IntegrationDevice-to-Device discovery and communication
V2X for safety and traffic
management
Multiple-layers of connectivity across
Macro and Small CellsMacro Layer LTE
Small Cell Layer LTE
5GHzLTE
Wi-Fi
© 2015 InterDigital, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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5G Emerging Technologies in the network subsystem
New air interface design above 6 GHz
• New non-backwards compatible air interface designs in cmWave and mmWave spectrum
• Tight integration of backhaul and access, along with LTE for macro-layer connectivity
• Potential Air Interface techniques
• Spectrally agile Advanced Waveforms• Advanced spatial processing techniques, e.g.
Massive MIMO, CoMP and more• Exploiting advanced receivers through Non-
Orthogonal Multiple Access• Full duplex single channel communications to
increase bandwidth efficiency• “Ultra-light” protocol design for latency reduction
and “always-on” connectivity
© 2015 InterDigital, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Next GeNB
mmWbackhaul
mmWaccess
TraditionalCellular
Link
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Wi-Fi: Standardization TimelineExpecting Wi-Fi to continue evolving as a key radio technology within 5G networks
2019 20202014 2015 2016 2017 2018
802.11ah – Sub 1 GHz
802.11ai – Fast Initial Link Setup
802.11aj – China mmWave
802.11aq – Pre-Association Discovery
802.11ak – General Link
802.11ax – High Efficiency Wi-Fi
Next Generation 60 GHz
5G Carrier Grade Wi-Fi to enable expanded Wi-Fi usage Higher air interface efficiency to support larger number of users Stable “cellular-like” experience Support for robust and dynamic deployments
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Wi-Fi: 5G Feature Highlights (1/2)
802.11ax – High Efficiency WLAN
• Successor to 802.11ac targeting at least four times improvement in the average throughput per station in dense deployment scenarios
• Significant improvement of spectral efficiency with a high density of STAs
• Focusing on frequency bands between 1 GHz and 6 GHz
• Potential enhancements include:• Introduction of OFDMA to 802.11
• MIMO extensions to OFDMA• Introduction of access control to 802.11• UL multi-user MIMO• Fractional CSMA and Enhanced Power Control• Backward compatibility and coexistence
© 2015 InterDigital, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
PROBLEM
SOLUTION
Data ACKData ACK
G-RTS Data
G-RTS
G-RTS
G-RTS
G-CTS
G-CTS
G-CTS Data Data
Data
Data
G-ACK
G-CTS
G-CTS
G-CTS
G-CTS G-ACK
G-ACK
G-ACK
Data
Idle frequency bands
G-ACK
G-ACK
SIFS SIFS SIFS SIFS SIFS SIFS
Data ACK
Pad
Pad
STA1
STA2 STA3
STA4
AP
DL Transmission to multiple Users
Coordinated uplink transmission from multiple users
Channel 1
Channel 2
Channel 3
Channel 4
Channel 1
Channel 2
Channel 3
Channel 4
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Wi-Fi: 5G Feature Highlights (2/2)
Next Generation mmWave WLAN (NG60)
• Evolving existing 802.11ad interface towards 30+ Gbps
• Target use cases:• Wireless “Cable” replacement
• Connector-free platform extension• Multi-Gigabit cloud• HD video• D2D collaboration
• Mobile traffic offload• Wireless Backhaul• High-speed data download
• Potential enhancements:• SU/MIMO (2x2): Closed and Open loop• Channel Bonding• New Modulations formats (e.g. 64 QAM)
© 2015 InterDigital, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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IETF: Standardization TimelineMultiple IETF Working Groups defining building blocks for future 5G networks
2019 20202014 2015 2016 2017 20186LowPAN
EMANROLL
CoRE (CoAP)6TiSCH
OPSAWG
FORCESCDNI
NVO3DMM
ICNRGSDNRG
NFVRG
RTCweb
HTTPAuthACE
SCAMFuture Security WG
Internet of Things (IoT) Working Groups
Cloud/VirtualizationWorking Groups
SecurityWorking Groups
RTCweb Working Group
© 2015 InterDigital, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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IETF: 5G Feature HighlightsNumerous industry forums and research projects working today to feed 5G standardization tomorrow
Internet of Things (IoT)• Multiple WGs covering L2/L3 framing, IP routing, applications protocols (CoAP, 6tisch), network and energy management (e.g. OPSAWG, EMAN)
Cloud/Virtualization• Need for standardization broadly recognized within IETF in spite of numerous proprietary deployments today• Current IETF activities include Internet Data Center virtualization (NVO3)and SDN (FORCES, DMM)• Smarter content management and localization protocols will allow higher amounts of information and reduced network latency to access them
(e.g. ICN, CDNI)
RTCweb• Browser to browser interactive rich communication using audio, video, collaboration, games, etc. between web browsers of two or more peers• Real-time communications in web browsers (RTCweb)• Additional parallel application API standardization work underway in W3C
Security• Strongly motivated by reporting of widespread (pervasive) surveillance on the Internet• Previous IETF security solutions were more local and or point-to-point• Work recently started with more still to come (HTTPAuth, ACE, SACM)
© 2015 InterDigital, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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Video: Standardization TimelineVideo traffic volume continues to explode along with the need for enhanced visual quality
2019 20202014 2015 2016 2017 2018
HEVC Version 2
HEVC Version 3
Next Generation Video CodingRequirements
HEVC Standards Series Compared to H.264/AVC, coding performance more than doubled Rich set of features and capabilities: format range extension, scalability extension, multi-
view/3D extension, screen content coding extension
Future Video Coding Standard Performance expected to be improved by another factor of 2 over HEVC High coding efficiency for emerging video format: 4K & 8K resolution, HDR, WCG, HFR, etc. Inherent scalability provides support for heterogeneous client devices, as well as robust transmission over
mobile networks
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Video: 5G Feature Highlights (1/2)
© 2015 InterDigital, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Video 2020 2x compression efficiency, esp. for the emerging formats User generated content, video streaming, video sharing, surveillance, etc. Desirable features: scalability, low power consumption, etc.
8K120Hz
4K60/120Hz
HD60Hz
SD
Increased spatial resolution and temporal frame rate are continuing trend of “more pixels”
Higher bit depth, high dynamic range, and wider color gamut are domains for “better pixels”
More Pixels
BetterPixels
Wide Color Gamut
Bit Depth
Bandwidth increase
Perceptual benefit HighLowLow
High
4K resolution
High Frame Rate High
Dynamic Range
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Video: 5G Feature Highlights (2/2)
© 2015 InterDigital, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Video sharing, YouTube, social network
Netflix, Amazon, iTunes, Hulu Plus
Broadcasting, Cable
User generated
content
Professionalcontent Traditional
distribution
OTT distribution
TV shows, movies, sports events
Cloud Computing
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oneM2M: Standardization TimelineEnabling IoT devices, applications, and services to utilize a common platform
2019 20202014 2015 2016 2017 2018
oneM2M 1st Global Service Layer technology 7 SDOs
ARIB, ATIS, CCSA, ETSI, TIA, TTA, & TTC 4 Vertical partners & growing
BBF, Continua Alliance, HGI, & OMA Interworking with existing technologies & alliances
oneM2M R1 & R2 Features Wide-Scale Deployment Enhancements Security Application Enablement Big Data Enablement Testing & Interoperability Interworking
oneM2M R1
oneM2M R2
Next Generation Service Layer Requirements
One M2M Future Standardization Projecting oneM2M industry consensus for IoT starting
during Release 2 timeframe
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oneM2M: 5G Feature Highlights (1/2)
• A common set of service layer capabilities
• Access independent view of end-to-end services
• Open/standard interfaces, APIs and protocols
• Security, privacy and charging aspects
• Reachability and discovery of applications
• Interoperability, including test and conformance specifications
• Identification and naming of devices and applications
• Management aspects (including remote management of entities)
*Based on oneM2M standards
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oneM2M: 5G Feature Highlights (2/2)Future oneM2M features enabling IoT deployment in 5G networks
oneM2M
Interworking• Enhance 3GPP interworking• AllSeen• OIC• IIC
Application Enablement• App APIs• App development guide• Service profiling
Testing and Interoperability• Test specifications• Certification (external)
Big Data Enablement• Semantics support and use cases• Analytics
Wide-Scale Deployment Enhancements• Home Domain Enablement• API versioning• Plug and play scenarios• Lessons learned from prototypes
Security• E2E security• Group authentication• Role based security
*Based on oneM2M standards
© 2015 InterDigital, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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Involvement of key 5G verticals in
standardization process
• New participants can play a key role in shaping 5G standards (e.g. emergence of Public Safety stakeholders in 3GPP)
New Challenges Ahead for 5G Standardization
• Complexity of emerging users and usage scenarios
• Evolving from single-purpose wireless system (mobile broadband) to a broader range of use cases and requirements (e.g. breadth IoT service and device types)
• Need for scalable service experience anytime and anywhere at a lower cost
Multiple Standards Organizations expected to define key building
blocks for 5G• Focus on coexistence, integration and
harmonization across standards that complement each other to provide the ultimate 5G experience
• Leverage and enhance existing technologies toward 5G requirements (e.g. LTE evolution) to complement new technologies (e.g. new radio access technology)
• Different standards and/or technologies may be required to address different 5G use cases and requirements Avoid “one standard fits all” approach
© 2015 InterDigital, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
5G Standardization Challenges and Opportunities
InterDigital: Proven Standards LeadershipWell positioned for strong contributions to the design of 5G across multiple Standards Organizations
Proven InterDigital Standards Leadership Highlights
Thousands of InterDigital contributions to various standards organizations over the years
helping shape 3G, 4G and soon 5G
3GPP RAN WG2 Vice Chair (since 2013)Current OMA Board of Directors/
Board Officer (since 2013)
ITU-R WP 5D - US Spokesperson for
Technology (since 2013)
3GPP RAN WG3 Vice Chair (2001-09)Past Board of Directors Small
Cell Forum (2009-10)802.21 WG
vice-chair (2010-12)
And more…
And more…
Development of standards-grade simulation platforms to validate 5G candidate technologies
Available for 3GPP, Wi-Fi, and many advanced concepts
© 2015 InterDigital, Inc. All Rights Reserved.