The assassination of JFK

John Fitzgerald Kennedy, the 35th President of the United States, was assassinated on Friday,

November 22, 1963, in Dealey Plaza, Dallas, Texas. Kennedy was fatally shot by a sniper while

traveling with his wife Jacqueline and the Texas Governor. A ten-month investigation in 1963–64 by

the Warren Commission concluded that Kennedy was assassinated by a single individual, acting

alone.

Identify the individual who best fits each of the following descriptions.

Abraham Zapruder

Clint Hill

Name the individual later and widely accused of complicity in a government sponsored cover-up of the assassination (tests knowledge and understanding)

Earl Warren

J.D. Tippit

Jack Ruby

John Connally

Name the single individual blamed for the assassination (easy, test of basic knowledge)

Lee Harvey Oswald

Lyndon Baines Johnson

Matthew Smith

John Fitzgerald Kennedy, the 35th President of the United States, was assassinated at 12:30 p.m.

Central Standard Time (18:30 UTC) on Friday, November 22, 1963, in Dealey Plaza, Dallas, Texas.

Kennedy was fatally shot by a sniper while traveling with his wife Jacqueline, Texas Governor John

Connally, and Connally's wife Nellie, in a presidential motorcade. A ten-month investigation in 1963–

64 by the Warren Commission (led by Chief Justice Earl Warren) concluded that Kennedy was

assassinated by Lee Harvey Oswald, acting alone, and that Jack Ruby also acted alone when he killed

Oswald before he could stand trial. Although the Commission's conclusions were initially supported

by a majority of the American public, polls conducted between 1966 and 2003 found that as many as

80 percent of Americans have suspected that there was a plot or cover-up.

United States Secret Service Special Agent Clint Hill was riding on the left front running board of the

followup car, immediately behind the Presidential limousine. Hill testified he heard one shot, then,

as documented in other films and concurrent with Zapruder frame 308, he jumped off into Elm

Street and ran forward to try to get on the limousine and protect the President. (Hill testified to the

Warren Commission that after he jumped into Elm Street, he heard two more shots.). After the

President had been shot in the head, Mrs. Kennedy began to climb out onto the back of the

limousine, though she later had no recollection of doing so. Hill believed she was reaching for

something, perhaps a piece of the President's skull. He jumped onto the back of the limousine while

at the same time Mrs. Kennedy returned to her seat, and he clung to the car as it exited Dealey Plaza

and accelerated, speeding to Parkland Memorial Hospital.

Lee Harvey Oswald, reported missing to the Dallas police by Roy Truly, his supervisor at the

Depository, was arrested approximately 70 minutes after the assassination for the murder of Dallas

police officer J. D. Tippit. According to witness Helen Markam, Tippit had spotted Oswald walking

along a sidewalk in the residential neighborhood of Oak Cliff, three miles from Dealey Plaza. Officer

Tippit had earlier received a radio message which gave a description of the suspect being sought in

the assassination and called Oswald over to the patrol car. Helen Markam testified that after an

exchange of words, Tippit got out of his car and Oswald shot him four times. Oswald was next seen

by shoe store manager Johnny Brewer "ducking into" the entrance alcove of his store. Suspicious of

this activity, Brewer watched Oswald continue up the street and slip into the nearby Texas Theatre

without paying. Brewer alerted the theater's ticket clerk, who telephoned police at about 1:40 pm.

Oswald provided little information during his questioning. When confronted with evidence which he

could not explain he resorted to statements which were found to be false. Dallas authorities were

not able to complete their investigation into the assassination of President Kennedy because of

interruptions from the FBI and the murder of Oswald by Jack Ruby.

Internet Memes

An Internet meme is an idea, style or action which spreads, often as mimicry, from person to person

via the Internet

Badger Badger Badger

Dancing baby

Dumb Ways to Die

Email Beta Test

Fenton

Gangnam Style

LOLcat

Nigerian Scam

Planking

Rickrolling

Derived from the work of Hungarian author Frigyes Karinthy (1887-1938) and based on social networking theories in in vogue after World War I. (many distractors. “Social Networking” is the clue)

Six Degrees of Kevin Bacon

Badger Badger Badger: A hypnotic loop of animal calisthenics set to the chant of "badger, badger,

badger"

Dancing baby: A 3D-rendered dancing baby that first appeared in 1996 by the creators of Character

Studio for 3D Studio MAX, and became something of a late 1990s cultural icon.

Dumb Ways to Die: a music video featuring "a variety of cute characters killing themselves in

increasingly idiotic ways" that went viral through sharing and social media. It was part of a public

service announcement advertisement campaign by Metro Trains in Melbourne, Australia to promote

rail safety.

Email Beta Test: An email chain-letter that first appeared in 1997 and was still circulating as recently

as 2007. The message claims that America Online and Microsoft are conducting a beta test and for

each person you forward the email to, you will receive a payment from Bill Gates of more than $200.

Fenton: Video of a dog chasing deer in Richmond Park, London, and its owner's attempts to call it

off.

Gangnam Style: A song and music video by South Korean rapper, Psy, showing him doing an

"invisible horse dance" and saying the catchphrase "Oppan Gangnam Style"

LOLcatz: A collection of humorous image macros featuring cats with misspelled phrases, such as, "I

Can Has Cheezburger?"

Nigerian Scam: An email scam in which the sender claims to be a high-ranking official of Nigeria

with knowledge of a large sum of money or equivalent goods that they cannot claim but must divest

themselves of it; to do so, they claim to require a smaller sum of money up front to access the sum

to send to the receiver.

Planking: (Lying Down Game) an activity consisting of lying face down in an unusual or incongruous

location.

Rickrolling: posting a URL in an Internet forum that appears to be relevant to the topic at hand, but

is, in fact, a link to a video of Rick Astley's "Never Gonna Give You Up".

Six Degrees of Kevin Bacon: A trivia/parlor game based around linking an actor to Kevin Bacon

through a chain of co-starring actors in films, television, and other productions, with the hypothesis

that no actor was more than six connections away from Bacon, similar to the theory of six degrees of

separation or the Erdős number in mathematics

Human Evolution

Identify the Homo species which best fits the following descriptions

Australopithecus afarensis

Homo erectus

Hypothesized to be H. sapiens suffering from endemic cretinism as a consequence of congenital hypothyroidism. (Testing awareness of a largely discredited hypothesis)

Homo floresiensis

Homo habilis

Homo heidelbergensis

Homo sapiens denisova

Homo sapiens idaltu

Homo sapiens neanderthalensis

Homo sapiens sapiens

Australopithecus afarensis: lived between 3.9 and 2.9 million years ago. more closely related to the

genus Homo, whether as a direct ancestor or a close relative of an unknown ancestor, than any

other known primate from the same time.

Homo erectus: In the early Pleistocene, 1.5 -1 Ma, in Africa some populations of Homo habilis are

thought to have evolved larger brains and made more elaborate stone tools; these differences and

others are sufficient for anthropologists to classify them as a new species, Homo erectus. This was

made possible by the evolution of locking knees and a different location of the foramen magnum.

They may have used fire to cook their meat.

Homo floresiensis, which lived from approximately 100,000 to 12,000 before present, has been

nicknamed hobbit for its small size, possibly a result of insular dwarfism. H. floresiensis is intriguing

both for its size and its age, being an example of a recent species of the genus Homo that exhibits

derived traits not shared with modern humans.

Homo habilis lived from about 2.4 to 1.4 Ma. Homo habilis evolved in South and East Africa in the

late Pliocene or early Pleistocene, 2.5–2 Ma, when it diverged from the australopithecines. Homo

habilis had smaller molars and larger brains than the australopithecines, and made tools from stone

and perhaps animal bones. One of the first known hominids, it was nicknamed 'handy man' by

discoverer Louis Leakey

Homo heidelbergensis (Heidelberg Man) lived from about 800,000 to about 300,000 years ago. Also

proposed as Homo sapiens heidelbergensis or Homo sapiens paleohungaricus.

Homo sapiens denisova: The full genomic sequence suggested the Denisovans belonged to the same

lineage as Neanderthals, with the two diverging shortly after their line split from that lineage giving

rise to modern humans. Modern humans are known to have overlapped with Neanderthals in

Europe for more than 10,000 years, and the discovery raises the possibility that Neanderthals,

modern humans and the Denisova hominin may have co-existed.

Homo sapiens idaltu: an extinct subspecies of Homo sapiens that lived almost 160,000 years ago in

Pleistocene Africa. "Idaltu" is from the Saho-Afar word meaning "elder" or "first born". Fossils differ

from those of chronologically later forms of early H. sapiens such as Cro-Magnon found in Europe

and other parts of the world in that their morphology has many archaic features not typical of H.

sapiens . Nevertheless, thought to represent the direct ancestors of modern Homo sapiens sapiens

Homo sapiens neanderthalensis, lived in Europe and Asia from 400,000 to about 30,000 years ago.

Evidence from sequencing mitochondrial DNA indicated that no significant gene flow occurred

between H. neanderthalensis and H. sapiens, and, therefore, the two were separate species that

shared a common ancestor about 660,000 years ago. However, the 2010 sequencing of the

Neanderthal genome indicated that Neanderthals did indeed interbreed with anatomically modern

humans circa 45,000 to 80,000 years ago (at the approximate time that modern humans migrated

out from Africa, but before they dispersed into Europe, Asia and elsewhere).

Homo sapiens sapiens: Modern humans: Genetically more homogenous than most species, which

may reflect relatively recent evolution or the possibility of a population bottleneck resulting from

cataclysmic natural events such as the Toba catastrophe (supervolvanic eruption: Sumatra,

Indonesia).

Question types

There are many different exam question formats with different strengths and weaknesses that may

be used to assess or to stimulate learning various aspects of learning. Idenify the following question

types from the descriptions.

Alternate Response: AR

Extended Matching Item: EMI

Frequently Asked Question: FAQ

Multiple Choice Question: MCQ

Scholastic Assessment Test: SAT

Short Answer Question: SAQ

Single Best Answer: SBA

Viva voce

AR: Binary true/false questions

EMI: A MCQ variant that nests several questions on a related topic, all of which may be answered

using the same option list. Similar in outlook to SBA questions. Allows assessment of more complex

concepts and understanding than simple MCQs.

FAQ: listed questions and answers, all supposed to be commonly asked in some context, and

pertaining to a particular topic.

MCQ: a form of assessment in which respondents are asked to select the best possible answer (or

answers) out of the choices from a list.

SAT: standardized test for most college admissions in the United States.

SAQ: Free response, generally structured questions

SBA: A MCQ variant often used in clinical education to distinguish between, for example closely

related diagnoses. Whilst more than one option may be technically “correct”, only one is the “best”

or “most appropriate” answer

Viva Voce: “with living voice”. An oral examination

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