thayer australia: terrorism studies crippled by paralysis?

8/14/2019 Thayer Australia: Terrorism Studies Crippled by Paralysis?

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Terrorism StudiesTerrorism Studies

Not aNot a recognisedrecognised disciplinediscipline

Weak research methodsWeak research methods Nearly half of terrorism literature written byNearly half of terrorism literature written by

political scientistspolitical scientists

80% of all research based on English80% of all research based on English--language secondary sources (mainly medialanguage secondary sources (mainly mediareports)reports)

13% of articles rely on interviews (but only13% of articles rely on interviews (but only1% are systematic or structured)1% are systematic or structured)

6% of articles give no sources6% of articles give no sources




Weak research methodsWeak research methods

Patterns and relationships not being studiedPatterns and relationships not being studiedby use of inferential statisticsby use of inferential statistics

Research influenced by GovernmentResearch influenced by Governmentagenda andagenda and ‘ ‘terrorism industryterrorism industry’ ’

Media simplificationMedia simplification

Phenomenon of Phenomenon of ‘ ‘celebrity analystscelebrity analysts’ ’



Greg SheridanGreg Sheridan’ ’ s 1st Propositions 1st Proposition

There has been an institutional failure byThere has been an institutional failure by

Australian universities and strategic community Australian universities and strategic communityto seriously address the threat of terrorism,to seriously address the threat of terrorism,especially in Southeast Asia.especially in Southeast Asia.

1.1. “ “there is not a single Australian researcher onthere is not a single Australian researcher onSoutheast Asian terrorism of internationalSoutheast Asian terrorism of internationalreputerepute” ”

“ “much of what they [universities] have comemuch of what they [universities] have comeup with in terrorism research is rubbish. Muchup with in terrorism research is rubbish. Muchof it is postmodern theoretical nonsenseof it is postmodern theoretical nonsense…” …”



Greg SheridanGreg Sheridan’ ’ s 2nd Propositions 2nd Proposition

2.2. “ “The strategic community has failed because of The strategic community has failed because of

its continued paradigm paralysis, its chronicits continued paradigm paralysis, its chronicinability to regard terrorism as a seriousinability to regard terrorism as a serious

strategic issuestrategic issue” ” ..

“ “Universities and think tanks can take comfort inUniversities and think tanks can take comfort in

the chummy common room embrace of deadthe chummy common room embrace of dead

paradigms. But, in doing so, they offerparadigms. But, in doing so, they offersuboptimal service to their nationsuboptimal service to their nation” ” ..



UniversitiesUniversities

ARC Centre of Excellence in Policing and Security ARC Centre of Excellence in Policing and Security Griffith University + ANU and University of QueenslandGriffith University + ANU and University of Queensland

Macquarie UniversityMacquarie University Centre for Policing, Intelligence and Counter Terrorism (PICT)Centre for Policing, Intelligence and Counter Terrorism (PICT)

Policing, Intelligence and Counter Terrorism (Postgraduate StudyPolicing, Intelligence and Counter Terrorism (Postgraduate Study

Pattern)Pattern) MonashMonash UniversityUniversity

Global Terrorism Research CentreGlobal Terrorism Research Centre

Research Network for a Secure AustraliaResearch Network for a Secure Australia Administered by the University of Melbourne Administered by the University of Melbourne

University of WollongongUniversity of Wollongong Centre for Transnational Crime PreventionCentre for Transnational Crime Prevention



Think TanksThink Tanks

Australian Strategic Policy Institute Australian Strategic Policy Institute Local Jihad: Radical Islam and Terrorism in Indonesia Local Jihad: Radical Islam and Terrorism in Indonesia

(2005)(2005) Lowy InstituteLowy Institute

Joining the Caravan? The Middle East, Islamism and Joining the Caravan? The Middle East, Islamism and

Indonesia Indonesia (2005)(2005) Mindanao A Gamble Worth Taking? Mindanao A Gamble Worth Taking? (2006)(2006)

Strategic andStrategic and DefenceDefence Studies Centre (ANU)Studies Centre (ANU)

The Complexities of Dealing with Radical Islam in The Complexities of Dealing with Radical Islam in Southeast Asia: A Case Study of Southeast Asia: A Case Study of Jemaah Jemaah Islamiyah Islamiyah Canberra Papers on Strategy and Canberra Papers on Strategy and Defence Defence No. 149 No. 149 (2003)(2003)



SheridanSheridan’ ’ s 3 Specialistss 3 Specialists

Rohan GunaratnaRohan Gunaratna

SingaporeSingapore--government funding, head,government funding, head, InternationalInternationalCentre for Political Violence and Terrorism ResearchCentre for Political Violence and Terrorism Research

ZacharyZachary Abuza Abuza

Funding from U.S. think tanksFunding from U.S. think tanks – – Smith RichardsonSmith RichardsonFoundation, United States Institute for PeaceFoundation, United States Institute for Peace

Sidney JonesSidney Jones

Southeast Asia Project DirectorSoutheast Asia Project Director, International Crisis, International Crisis

Group (ICG)Group (ICG)



Rohan GunaratnaRohan Gunaratna



Review of Review of Inside Al Qaeda Inside Al Qaeda

The most disappointing book [of 5 underThe most disappointing book [of 5 under

review] is Rohanreview] is Rohan GunaratnaGunaratna’ ’ ss Inside Al Inside Al Qaeda Qaeda . Gunaratna. Gunaratna…… offers manyoffers many

interesting but poorly substantiatedinteresting but poorly substantiated

details. The book itself is more a datadetails. The book itself is more a data

dump than a comprehensive analysis.dump than a comprehensive analysis.

Daniel L.Daniel L. BymanByman,, World Politics World Politics (Oct 2003),(Oct 2003),141.141.



Review of Review of Inside Al Qaeda Inside Al Qaeda

Of the five [books under review],Of the five [books under review], GunaratnaGunaratna’ ’ ss

book is the most problematic. Although it oftenbook is the most problematic. Although it oftenoverwhelms the reader in detail, many of its keyoverwhelms the reader in detail, many of its key

claimsclaims……are unsupported. In addition, it oftenare unsupported. In addition, it often

relies on intelligence reporting without so muchrelies on intelligence reporting without so muchas a hint of whether the material is from anas a hint of whether the material is from an

interview, a document, or a media leak. Otherinterview, a document, or a media leak. Other

claims advanced by Gunaratna deserveclaims advanced by Gunaratna deserveadditional substantiationadditional substantiation……

Daniel L.Daniel L. BymanByman,, World Politics World Politics (Oct 2003), 141.(Oct 2003), 141.



Review of Review of Conflict and Terrorism in Conflict and Terrorism in

Southern Thailand Southern Thailand “Some are likely to see

this book especially as just another output inGunaratna's terror-mongering academic

exercises… Too manyterror mongers arebetter than too few”.

Thitinan Pongsudhirak,Chulalongkorn University,Contemporary Southeast Asia , April 2006 Arabinda Acharya, Sabrina Chua

and Rohan Gunaratna, eds.



Review of Review of Conflict and Terrorism in Conflict and Terrorism in

Southern Thailand Southern Thailand Significant factual and interpretive errorsSignificant factual and interpretive errors

undermine the credibility of the book undermine the credibility of the book

“ “Overall, the critique demonstrates that variousOverall, the critique demonstrates that variousinterpretations of what is happening in theinterpretations of what is happening in the

South of Thailand remain plausible, and theSouth of Thailand remain plausible, and thearticle concludes that the authors of article concludes that the authors of Conflict and Conflict and Terrorism Terrorism were too poorly equipped to deal withwere too poorly equipped to deal withthese competing interpretations to offer anythese competing interpretations to offer anyinsights into the conflict.insights into the conflict.” ” Michael Connors,Michael Connors, ‘ ‘War on Error and the Southern FireWar on Error and the Southern Fire’ ’ ,, Critical Critical

Asian Studies Asian Studies , 38(1), 2006, 151, 38(1), 2006, 151--175.175.



ZacharyZachary Abuza Abuza



Review of Review of Militant Islam Militant Islam

It takes knowledge of language, history and, of It takes knowledge of language, history and, of course, Islam to conduct academic research oncourse, Islam to conduct academic research on

militant Islam. Sadly,militant Islam. Sadly, Abuza Abuza has a minimumhas a minimummastery of the relevant areas, and he is a fishmastery of the relevant areas, and he is a fishout of water in this academic areaout of water in this academic area……

His minimal knowledge of Islam, and ignorance of His minimal knowledge of Islam, and ignorance of Arabic, Indonesian or Malay and of Islam in Arabic, Indonesian or Malay and of Islam inSoutheast Asia, led him to cull information forSoutheast Asia, led him to cull information forthe book from secondary sources...the book from secondary sources...

This analysis has too many mistakes to serve as aThis analysis has too many mistakes to serve as areference book.reference book.SolahudinSolahudin,, Jakarta Post,Jakarta Post, December 7, 2003December 7, 2003




“ “ According to some observers such as the According to some observers such as theIndonesian journalistIndonesian journalist SolahudinSolahudin,, Militant Islam Militant Islam isis

weakened considerably byweakened considerably by Abuza's Abuza's lack of lack of familiarity with Islam, Arabic, Indonesian andfamiliarity with Islam, Arabic, Indonesian andMalay. It may be too harsh, however, asMalay. It may be too harsh, however, as

SolahudinSolahudin does, to call the entire thesis of does, to call the entire thesis of Militant Islam Militant Islam into question because of theseinto question because of theseshortcomings.shortcomings. Abuza's Abuza's study, as long as read notstudy, as long as read notin isolation but in tandem with other works, willin isolation but in tandem with other works, will

still prove useful to counterstill prove useful to counter--terrorism analyststerrorism analystsand practitionersand practitioners” ” ..

--Kumar Ramakrishna,Kumar Ramakrishna, Contemporary Southeast Asia,Contemporary Southeast Asia,

April 2004 April 2004




“ “However, while such arguments contribute to theHowever, while such arguments contribute to thedebate on terrorism and counterdebate on terrorism and counter--terrorism interrorism in

southeast Asia, overall, this book is asoutheast Asia, overall, this book is adisappointment. It reads largely like a rough,disappointment. It reads largely like a rough,unedited first draft, replete with inappropriateunedited first draft, replete with inappropriate

and factual inaccuracies. Regrettably, theseand factual inaccuracies. Regrettably, theseserious, multiple shortcomingsserious, multiple shortcomings – – many of whichmany of whichcould have been mitigated by greater editorialcould have been mitigated by greater editorialdiligencediligence – – imply thatimply that Militant Islam in Southeast Militant Islam in Southeast

Asia Asia , as it stands, does not qualify as the, as it stands, does not qualify as theauthoritative reference on the subject that hadauthoritative reference on the subject that hadbeen widely anticipatedbeen widely anticipated” ” ..

Tim Huxley, IISS,Tim Huxley, IISS, Survival, 46(3), 184.Survival, 46(3), 184.




“ “It is tedious to recount the numerous errors of It is tedious to recount the numerous errors of

fact, spelling, and interpretation that plaguefact, spelling, and interpretation that plague Abuza Abuza’ ’ ss work. This may explain why there haswork. This may explain why there has

been so little published criticism of it. Forbeen so little published criticism of it. For

country specialists, these errors expose a weak country specialists, these errors expose a weak grounding in the history, geography, and culturegrounding in the history, geography, and culture

of the peoples described. Unfortunately, theof the peoples described. Unfortunately, the

errors are reproduced by other regionalistserrors are reproduced by other regionalistsdrawing ondrawing on Abuza Abuza” ” ..

--Kit Collier,Kit Collier, Southeast Asian Affairs 2006, 35.Southeast Asian Affairs 2006, 35.



Sidney JonesSidney Jones

Studied at university inStudied at university in

IranIran M.A. InternationalM.A. International

PoliticsPolitics

Asia Director, Human Asia Director, HumanRights Watch/Asia forRights Watch/Asia for14 years14 years

Southeast Asia ProjectSoutheast Asia ProjectDirectorDirector, International, InternationalCrisis Group (ICG) sinceCrisis Group (ICG) since

20022002



Greg Fealy & Kit CollierGreg Fealy & Kit Collier

ANU, ex-ONA ANU, ICG



Greg Fealy and Virginia Hooker

Malcolm Cook and Kit Collier

Anthony Bubaloand Greg Fealy



Marika Vicziany,David Wright-Neville,

and Pete Lentini

Greg Barton



MethodologyMethodology

Google search usingGoogle search using “ “namename” ” + terrorism+ terrorism

Scholar search usingScholar search using “ “namename” ” + terrorism+ terrorism

Impact = Number of Google Hits dividedImpact = Number of Google Hits divided

by the number of Scholar hits (I = GH/SH)by the number of Scholar hits (I = GH/SH) Popular impression onlyPopular impression only

Dose not assess academic qualityDose not assess academic quality



Comparison of SheridanComparison of Sheridan’ ’ s 3 Specialistss 3 Specialists

with Thayerwith Thayer’ ’ s 4 (sorted by impact)s 4 (sorted by impact)

Academic Classification Google Scholar Impact

Abuza, Zachary O 30,500 120 254

Jones, Sidney SEA 24,700 118 209

Gunaratna, Rohan SEA 76,200 535 142

Barton, Greg ASEA 1,320 51 26

Collier, Kit ASEA 257 10 26Wright-Neville, David ASEA 695 49 14

Fealy, Greg ASEA 535 82 7

C i f Sh id ’ 3 i h



Comparison of SheridanComparison of Sheridan’ ’ s 3 withs 3 with

Australian Southeast Asian Specialists Australian Southeast Asian SpecialistsAcademic Google Scholar Impact

Thayer, Carl/Carlyle 14,328 47 305

Abuza, Zachary 30,500 120 254

Jones, Sidney 24,700 118 209

Gunaratna, Rohan 76,200 535 142Connors, Michael K. 646 14 46

Kingsbury, Damien 33 1 33

Barton, Greg 1,320 51 26

Collier, Kit 257 10 26

Wright-Neville, David 695 49 14Martin Jones, David 916 90 10



Average Academic Output on Terrorism Average Academic Output on Terrorism

Measured by Impact (July 5, 2007)Measured by Impact (July 5, 2007)Category Google Scholar Impact

Most Prolific Authors 11565 202 41Australian Southeast Asianspecialists 1729 49 42

Southeast Asian terrorismspecialists 13174 149 50

Australian terrorism specialists1050 34 55

All categories 8334 119 58

Overseas terrorism specialists 25112 228 119

Top Ten Global Rankings by Google HitsTop Ten Global Rankings by Google Hits



Top Ten Global Rankings by Google HitsTop Ten Global Rankings by Google Hits

Academic Classification Google

Hoffman, Bruce MPA 101,000

Bergen, Peter O 93,700Gunaratna, Rohan SEA 76,200

Lacqueur, Walter O 61,900

Wilkinson, Paul MPA 57,100

Pape, Robert O 57,000

Burke, Jason O 51,300

Abuza, Zachary O 30,500

Ranstorp, Magnus MPA 30,500

Sageman, Marc O 29,700



Top 11Top 11thth--2020thth Global Rankings by Google HitsGlobal Rankings by Google Hits

Academic Clalssification Google

Chalk, Peter MPA 26,900

Jones, Sidney SEA 24,700Sandler, Todd MPA 21,800

Richardson, Louise O 20,300

Horgan, John MPA 19,000Crenshaw, Martha MPA 18,100

Thayer, Carl/Carlyle ASEA 14,328

Williams, Clive A 13,900

White, Robert MPA 13,800

Israeli, Raphael MPA 12,800



Falsifying SheridanFalsifying Sheridan’ ’ s Proposition 1s Proposition 1

Australia does have researchers on Southeast Australia does have researchers on Southeast Asian terrorism of international repute Asian terrorism of international repute Michael Connors, Greg Fealy, Greg Barton, Kit Collier,Michael Connors, Greg Fealy, Greg Barton, Kit Collier,

David WrightDavid Wright--Neville, David Martin JonesNeville, David Martin Jones

Harold Crouch, Virginia Hooker, Anthony Milner, JohnHarold Crouch, Virginia Hooker, Anthony Milner, John

Funston, Damien KingsburyFunston, Damien Kingsbury Australian academic terrorism specialists and Australian academic terrorism specialists and

Australian regional specialists regularly punch Australian regional specialists regularly punch

above their weight in terms of impact on theabove their weight in terms of impact on theworld wide webworld wide web Andrew Moore, Carl Thayer, Jacob Townsend, Clive Andrew Moore, Carl Thayer, Jacob Townsend, Clive

Williams, Don WilliamsWilliams, Don Williams



Greg SheridanGreg Sheridan’ ’ s 2nd Propositions 2nd Proposition

2.2. “ “The strategic community has failed because of The strategic community has failed because of

its continued paradigm paralysis, its chronicits continued paradigm paralysis, its chronicinability to regard terrorism as a seriousinability to regard terrorism as a serious

strategic issuestrategic issue” ” ..

“ “Universities and think tanks can take comfort inUniversities and think tanks can take comfort in

the chummy common room embrace of deadthe chummy common room embrace of dead

paradigms. But, in doing so, they offerparadigms. But, in doing so, they offersuboptimal service to their nationsuboptimal service to their nation” ” ..



What Hugh White WroteWhat Hugh White Wrote

“ “I think terrorism poses a serious threat of death andI think terrorism poses a serious threat of death andinjury to individuals in our society and governments haveinjury to individuals in our society and governments have

an important responsibility to respond effectively to it.an important responsibility to respond effectively to it.But the nature and scale of the threat have beenBut the nature and scale of the threat have beenseriously exaggerated since 9/11.seriously exaggerated since 9/11.

“ “Terrorism, even nuclear terrorism, appalling though thatTerrorism, even nuclear terrorism, appalling though that

would be, does not endanger the international system. Itwould be, does not endanger the international system. Itdoes not constitute a global Islamist insurgency and itdoes not constitute a global Islamist insurgency and itcannot be effectively addressed by a Long War, as ourcannot be effectively addressed by a Long War, as ourfailure in Iraq has made clear. Reshaping the Australianfailure in Iraq has made clear. Reshaping the Australian

DefenceDefence Force to fight terrorism would therefore lead usForce to fight terrorism would therefore lead usup a blind alley whose dead end is already in plainup a blind alley whose dead end is already in plainview.view.” ” Hugh White,Hugh White, ‘ ‘NeighbourhoodNeighbourhood WatchWatch’ ’ , Australian Literary Review,, Australian Literary Review,

The Australian The Australian , June 6, 2007., June 6, 2007.



Three Key QuestionsThree Key Questions

1.1. How to characterize al QaedaHow to characterize al Qaeda

2.2. How to account for change overHow to account for change overtimetime

3.3. How to assess the question of How to assess the question of

agency in al Qaedaagency in al Qaeda’ ’ s relationships relationship

with militant and extremist groupswith militant and extremist groupsin Southeast Asiain Southeast Asia



Three ApproachesThree Approaches

International Terrorism ExpertsInternational Terrorism Experts

Rohan Gunaratna, Peter Bergen, JasonRohan Gunaratna, Peter Bergen, Jason

BurkeBurke Regional security specialistsRegional security specialists

ZacharyZachary Abuza Abuza ‘ ‘Singapore SchoolSingapore School’ ’

RAND affiliatesRAND affiliates

Country Studies SpecialistsCountry Studies Specialists Sidney Jones, Greg Fealy, Greg Barton,Sidney Jones, Greg Fealy, Greg Barton,

Kit Collier, Michael ConnorsKit Collier, Michael Connors



Al Qaeda Al Qaeda--Centric ParadigmCentric Paradigm

•• AQ paradigm has and continues to AQ paradigm has and continues to

dominate the analysis of regional anddominate the analysis of regional andinternational terrorist linkagesinternational terrorist linkages

•• Pyramidal structure + global terroristPyramidal structure + global terrorist

network + Afghan base + loose coalitionnetwork + Afghan base + loose coalitionof terrorist groups (Gunaratna 2002)of terrorist groups (Gunaratna 2002)

•• Central leadership + international network Central leadership + international network + front companies + membership cells in+ front companies + membership cells insixty countries (sixty countries ( Abuza Abuza 2003)2003)

h l d d



The Al Qaeda ParadigmThe Al Qaeda Paradigm

•• Three common elements:Three common elements:

•• Al Qaeda hardcore Al Qaeda hardcore•• Scores of other militant Islamic groupsScores of other militant Islamic groups

•• Others who subscribe toOthers who subscribe to “ “the idea,the idea,worldview, ideology of worldview, ideology of ‘ ‘alal--QaedaQaeda’” ’”

--Jason Burke,Jason Burke, Al Al - - Qaeda: Casting a Shadow of Qaeda: Casting a Shadow of Terror Terror (2003)(2003)

Ch O TiChange Over Time



Change Over TimeChange Over Time

•• International and regional expertsInternational and regional experts

employ an approach characterized asemploy an approach characterized as

‘ ‘back to the futureback to the future’ ’ •• 19881988--91 Al Qaeda penetrated Southeast91 Al Qaeda penetrated Southeast

Asia Asia•• 1993 World Trade1993 World Trade CenterCenter bombingbombing

•• 1995 Operation1995 Operation BojinkaBojinka

•• organised byorganised by RamsiRamsi Yousef Yousef andand KhalidKhalid SheikhSheikh

MohammadMohammad

••

Start point:Start point: DarulDarul Islam (1948Islam (1948--midmid--1960s)1960s)

h Q fTh Q ti f A



The Question of AgencyThe Question of Agency

•• Southeast Asia as al QaedaSoutheast Asia as al Qaeda’ ’ ss ‘ ‘secondsecond

frontfront’ ’ ??•• Who or what representedWho or what represented ‘ ‘al Qaedaal Qaeda’ ’ in itsin its

dealings with Southeast Asia in thedealings with Southeast Asia in the

formative period?formative period?

•• Who represented Southeast Asia?Who represented Southeast Asia?

•• PostPost--2001 initiative for terrorism in2001 initiative for terrorism inindigenous hands with al Qaedaindigenous hands with al Qaeda

remnantsremnants

IsIs JemaahJemaah IslamiyahIslamiyah a threat to thea threat to the



IsIs JemaahJemaah IslamiyahIslamiyah a threat to thea threat to the

Indonesian government?Indonesian government? I donI don’ ’ t think it has any capacity tot think it has any capacity to

overthrow the government.overthrow the government. Nor do I think Nor do I think it has any mass base support of anyit has any mass base support of any

significance in Indonesia, although itsignificance in Indonesia, although it

certainly has some. For most Indonesians,certainly has some. For most Indonesians,it really is a radical fringe and one thatit really is a radical fringe and one that

most people would steer clear of. But itmost people would steer clear of. But itdoes have the capacity to engage indoes have the capacity to engage in

further terror (Sidney Jones, 2003).further terror (Sidney Jones, 2003).

JI d Gl b l Jih dJI d Gl b l Jih d



JI and Global JihadJI and Global Jihad

“ “In sum,In sum, JI has been able to surviveJI has been able to survive

because it has been able to link its jihadbecause it has been able to link its jihadwith that of other militant organizations inwith that of other militant organizations in

the region.the region. JI has been able to forge aJI has been able to forge a

common cause, in the name of a globalcommon cause, in the name of a global jihad, and this has led to exchanges of jihad, and this has led to exchanges of

techniques, training, money and support.techniques, training, money and support.” ” Z.Z. Abuza Abuza,, Political Islam and Violence in Political Islam and Violence in

Indonesia Indonesia (2007), p. 60.(2007), p. 60.

JIJI N t A tN t A t



JIJI -- Net AssessmentNet Assessment

"In 2002, JI was probably at its height."In 2002, JI was probably at its height.” ”

The Australian JI cell was "effectivelyThe Australian JI cell was "effectivelydismantled" after the 2002 Bali bombings.dismantled" after the 2002 Bali bombings.

JI lives on but it is "far weaker" confined toJI lives on but it is "far weaker" confined toIndonesia with international contacts severed.Indonesia with international contacts severed.

"I don't think the threat to Australia comes from"I don't think the threat to Australia comes fromJI as an organisation but it is the most importantJI as an organisation but it is the most importantrecruiting group for young people.recruiting group for young people.” ”

"But we can't rule out another attack and that is"But we can't rule out another attack and that islikely to come from a splinter group."likely to come from a splinter group." --Sidney Jones,Sidney Jones, Adelaide Advertiser Adelaide Advertiser , July 7, 2007., July 7, 2007.

C l iC l i



ConclusionConclusion

Sheridan errs when he asserts that AustraliaSheridan errs when he asserts that Australia’ ’ ssstrategic community does not take the threat of strategic community does not take the threat of

terrorism seriouslyterrorism seriously Terrorism is not aTerrorism is not a strategic threatstrategic threat to theto the

international system in Southeast Asiainternational system in Southeast Asia

The threat of terrorism in our region is highlyThe threat of terrorism in our region is highlylocalisedlocalised JI splinter groups and other extremistsJI splinter groups and other extremists

Australia is better placed to rely on its own Australia is better placed to rely on its ownregional specialists rather thanregional specialists rather than ‘ ‘celebritycelebrity

analystsanalysts’ ’




and South East Asia:and South East Asia:

Crippled by Paradigm Paralysis?Crippled by Paradigm Paralysis?

[email protected]

(02) 6268 8860 telephone

(02) 6268 8899 fax0437 376 429 mobile

mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

thayer australia: terrorism studies crippled by paralysis?

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