testing distance functions using settings and worksheets

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es ng s ance ro ec on unc onsUsing Settings and Worksheets

Jun Verzosa

Manager, Protection & Automation Engineering Services

o e ng neer ng ompany

Protection Testin Users Grou MeetinAustin, Texas

2010 October 10-15


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Topics Covered

Distance (Impedance) Protection Function

ProTesT Features - Settings and Worksheet

and Test Macros

A l in n ri Di n Fun i n

Specific Relays

Demonstration

Testing Distance Functions Using Settings and Worksheets 2


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Power System Parameters and

System and Line Parameters

ase o a on

Source and Line Impedances

-

Zero-sequence (Z0S and Z0L)



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Power System Parameters and

Basic Distance Function Protection Settings

Zone Characteristics

Direction

Reach Settings Impedance reach

Reach Angle

Resistive reach

Residual Compensation

Time Delay



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Impedance Characteristics

1

Mho phi1

Polygon

e s



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Ground Distance Residual

nEs

Ia .R

Z1, Z0Z1S, Z0S

F

21G -Fault

a


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Residual Compensation

Zrelay = VaR / (Ia + kNIn) = nZ1

kN = Z Z1 1

= residual compensation factor

Residual Compensationis a technique that allows measurementof the fault impedance in terms of positive-sequence impedance, byaddin a ortion, KN, of the residual current, In, to the hase current.


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Loop Impedance Calculation

In order to test the rela one needs to

know the Loop impedance.ZN = KN * Z1

==Z1 (1+KN)


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Modeling Impedance Characteristics

Loop



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Some Formulas

= * ^

+(Zn1PhNkNmag*sin(Zn1PhNkNang))^2)

kLoo An =atan Zn1PhNkNma *sin Zn1PhNkNan/(1+Zn1PhNkNmag*cos(Zn1PhNkNang)))

= = *, ,Zn1PhNMhoMag)

MTA = if(LoopModel=1,

=- ,Zn1PhNMhoAng+180,Zn1PhNMhoAng)+kLoopAng,

=- +


, ,


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ProTesT Settings and Worksheets

Calculated Settings

Type

Data



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ProTesT Settings tab

ProtectionSettings Calculated Settings

Characteristics

Characteristic Data



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ProTesT Macro Worksheets

esu s a e

Work table



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Developing Generic and

Should cater for majority of relays and settings

es a n-serv ce re ay se ngs

Should apply to various relay configurations

Direction is Forward, Reversed, Non-directional

Calculation of

Test Plans for:

Commissionin element testin and functional testin

Periodic Maintenance functional testing14


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Developing Test Plans for

Map the Protection Settings to the CalculatedSettin s usin formulas

=



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Developing Generic and

Steady State (Static)Testing Element testing

Functional testing is possible

Pickup (Ssimul, Ramp)

Static Characteristics

Timing

Dynamic Testing

Functional testing Timing as affected by source impedance

Characteristics? Mho expansion, directional line



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Demonstration

Generic Macros reference the Characteristic

ata ta e an as c ata rom t e a cu ate

Settings table

ormu as o arac er s c a a o re erence

the Calculated settings table

Formulas to Calculated Settings Table to

Import one or two sets of Protection Settings file

and view effect on characteristics and macros.



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Demonstration



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Demonstration



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Maintenance Testing

,

changing output mapping that are used in actual operation) Functional Testing

Use Dynamic Testing

End-to-End Test not covered in this resentation

Transient Testing (not covered in this presentation)



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Running Same Test Plan with

Test Result will give NoOp for disabled Zones.

Enabled Zones



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Other Test Plan Considerations

Pickup tests of current/voltage elements

elements on testing impedance characteristics; how

to correctl test the rela with the directionalelements.

Testing the quad resistive settings



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Quad Characteristics


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Quad Characteristics Demonstration



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Quad Characteristics Demonstration



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SSIMUL Macro Worksheet

Calculate Current andVolta es Am litudes andPhase Angles

a cu ate meValues

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Work tableAdd localvariables


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SSIMUL Macro Worksheet

Automate Macro Creation

Voltages Currents

Time information

Duration

Expected times

More realistic

dynamic testing



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SSIMUL Dynamic Timing Tests



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SSIMUL Dynamic Timing Tests



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Dynamic Mho Expansion



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Dynamic Mho Expansion

Load Encroachment



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Testing Distance Functions Using Settings and Worksheets

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testing distance functions using settings and worksheets

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