tcn - lecture 2

8/7/2019 TCN - Lecture 2

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Wireless Sensor NetworksWireless Sensor Networks

(IEEE 802.15.4 RFC)(IEEE 802.15.4 RFC)

Presented By

Mr. Fasee UllahCUSIT

Peshawar

Lecture 2


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OutlinesOutlines

y Basic components of WSNs

y WSN Protocol Stack

y

Topology


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Components ofSensor NodeComponents ofSensor Node

y Sensor node consists of four main

components

Sensing unit

Processing unit

Transceiver

Power unit


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Sensing unitSensing unit

y Sensing unit has further subunits

Sensor

ADC

y The analog unit (ADC) produced analog

signal based on sensor observations and

converts into digital signal for further

processing


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processing unitprocessing unit

y It has also two units

Processor

Storage

y This processor is just like a computer

processor for various computational and

decision making purposes

y storage unit is used for storing of sensedinformation for future use


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Transceiver unitTransceiver unit

y Another component of sensor node

which has the capability to send and

receiver different input and output data


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Power unitPower unit

y last unit is power unit which is the vital

thing for sensor nodes and sensor

network

y Used to maintain the voltage of the

sensors


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Sensor Node ArchitectureSensor Node Architecture

Figure : Components of Sensor Node [1]


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Optional unitsOptional units

y Dotted format is optional

y Sensor node also requires the knowledgefrom other node and accurate routing path,

to achieve this target use locationfindingsystem.

y Mobilizeris the feature of the sensornetwork

y Sometimes sensor required to move todifferent directions to find out the assignedtasks can do through mobilizer


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Sensor Network Protocol Stack

Figure: Sensor NetworkProtocol Stack [1]


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Protocol StackProtocol Stack

y Added some extra functionality to handle andmonitor the Power

Movement

Task distribu

tion among different sensor nodes.y Powermanagement plane monitors the power of

each sensor usage

y Mobility management plane observes themovement of sensor

y

keeps update the list of neighbors in registryy Taskmanagement plane assigns tasks and schedule

to different sensing devices in dynamic environment

y The aim of these tasks is to share resources


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Application layer protocolsApplication layer protocols

y Sensor Management Protocol (SMP), Task

Assignment and Data Advertisement

Protocol(TADAP), Sensor Query and Data

Dissemination Protocol (SQDDP) [1]


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Direct DiffusionDirect Diffusion


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Sensor Network TopologySensor Network Topology

y Pre-deployment anddeployment

phase

y All the sensor nodes must be placed in

sensor filed with some specific

arrangement

y This arrangement must maintain by

human or roboty used in battlefield to drop from plane


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PostPost--deployment phasedeployment phase

y Topology is changed due to sensor nodes

displacement

y The conditions of topology can change

any time according to the needs of sensor

nodes


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Redeployment ofadditionalRedeployment ofadditional

nodes phasenodes phasey Due to continuous changes in topology

need some nodes to add in sensor filed

y in some situation to replace sensor node

due to malfunction

tcn - lecture 2

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