COMUNICARE LIMBA

ENGLEZA

INITIERE

SUPORT DE CURS

1

THE ALPHABET

1.The English alphabet (Aa,Bb,Cc...) + Names

 

The English alphabet has 26 letters:-A a B b C c D d E e F f G g H h

I i J j K k L l M m N n O o P p

Q q R r S s T t U u V v W w X x

Y y Z z

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The alphabet is made up of:

Vowels A E I O U

and

Consonants B C D F G H J K

L M N P Q R S T

V W X Y Z

The Rhyming Alphabet may help your pronunciation:-

The following letters rhyme with each other

ä sound ë sound e sound ï sound yü sound

A B F I O Q R Z

H C L Y U

J D M W

K E N

G S

P X

T

V

The Phonetic Alphabet may help you with your spelling:-When spelling (especially over the phone) use the phonetic alphabet to avoid confusion.

A Alpha B Bravo

C Charlie D Delta

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E Echo F Foxtrot

G Golf H Hotel

I India J Juliet

K Kilo L Lima

M Mike N November

O Oscar P Papa

Q Quebec R Romeo

S Sierra T Tango

U Uniform V Victor

W Whisky X X-Ray

Y Yankee Z Zulu

Names

First Name/Christian Name

Middle Name

or (Middle Initial)

Last Name/Surname

Elizabeth Mary M Windsor

John Wesley W Sinclair

 

Naturally speaking

When two letters appear next to each other we say "double __"

Follow the dialogue.

o What's your full name please. My first name is Sonja and my last name Pascalli

o Sorry , what was your last name again? Pascalli. o I'm sorry I don't understand. Could you Pasc-all-i.

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repeat that more slowly please. o How do you write that? Could you spell it

please? P-a-s-c-a-double l-i

o And your first name please? Sonja o Pardon? Sonja - S-o-n-j-a. o And what is your telephone number

please? 2-3-8-7-1-8

o Thank you. You're welcome.

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II. GREETINGS

Everyday Greetings

"Good morning."

"Good afternoon."

"Good evening."

"Goodbye."

+ "Good night."

+ "Good night."

Special Greetings

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"Happy Christmas." or "Merry Christmas."

00.01 - 1st January "Happy New Year!"

"Happy Easter."

or etc....

"Good Luck!"

or etc...

"Congratulations!" or "Well done!"

"Get well soon."

Shaking Hands

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When meeting someone formally for the first time, we shake their hand and say "How do you do?" or "Pleased to meet you."

"How do you do?" isn't really a question, it just means "Hello".

When young people meet informally they sometimes say "Give me five!" and slap their hands together (high five).

Generally we do not shake hands with people we know well.

Naturally speaking

You say hello, and I say goodbye!

Follow the dialogue.

Mr Bean meets Mrs Breuer, one of his students, and her husband in the street.

Mr Bean:Good morning, Mrs Breuer.

Mrs Breuer:Good morning, Mr Bean. How are you?

Mr Bean: I'm fine thanks, and you?

Mrs Breuer: Not too bad. Mr Bean, this is my husband Michael, Michael this is Mr Bean my English teacher.

Mr Breuer: Pleased to meet you.

Mr Bean: Pleased to meet you too. Are you from Germany, Mr Breuer?

Mr Breuer:Yes, East Germany, from Dresden. And you, are you from London?

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Mr Bean: No, I'm from Derby, but I live in London now.

Mrs Breuer: Well, goodbye Mr Bean, it was nice to see you.

Mr Bean: Yes, goodbye.

Formal to Informal Greetings and Introductions

First meetings

Formal Introducing yourself Introducing others Responding to an introduction

How do you do? My name is Mrs Hand.

Mrs Hand, may I introduce my boss, Mr Smith.

Pleased to meet you Mrs Hand.

Hello, Lynne Hand. I'm the owner of this web site.

Lynne, I'd like you to meet John Smith, our salesman. John, this is Lynne Hand.

Pleased to meet you Lynne.

Lynne Hand, the owner.

Lynne, meet John, my husband. John, this is my friend Lynne.

Hi, Lynne. How are you?

Informal

Subsequent meetings

Formal Greeting Responding

Hello, Mrs Hand. It's nice to see you again.

What a pleasant surprise! How are you? It's been a while.

Good morning Mrs Hand. How are you today?

I'm very well thank you. And you?

Good afternoon, Mr Reed. It's good to see you.

Thank you. It's nice seeing you too. How are things going?

Hello Petra. How are you doing? Fine thanks. What's new with you?

 

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  Hi, Dieter! How's it going? Not too bad, busy as ever.

Informal

!Note - on first meetings say, "It's nice to meet you". For future meetings say, "It's nice to see you again".

3.Am/is/are + what? + who?

Full form

(written)

Short form (spoken)

I am = I'm

you are = you're

he is = he's

she is = she's

it is = it's

are not = aren't

is not = isn't

 

 

Questions - What/Who is it?

What ....? = things

Who .....? = people

Full form

(written)

Short form (spoken)

What is = What's

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Who is = Who's

It is = It's

 

Who's your teacher? "Hello. I'm Lynne. I'm your teacher."

"What's this?" "It's an apple."

"Who's it for?"

+

"It's for the teacher."

a or an? a = b, c, d ... an = a, e, i, o, u

a banana, a car, a dog... an apple, an elephant, an igloo, an orange, an umbrella

This / these    a / an

"What's this?" "It's an apple."

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"And this?" "It's a pear."

"And what's this?" "It's a car."

"And what are these?"

"They're biscuits."

"And these?" "They're eggs."

"Who's this?" "It's Mr. Bean."

English numbers (1,2,3...10)

Numbers

Whole numbers 1 to 10 Symbol Word

0 Nought

1 One

12

2 Two

3 Three

4 Four

5 Five

6 Six

7 Seven

8 Eight

9 Nine

10 Ten

More numbers (10, 11, 12 ...20)

Whole numbers 10 to 20

Symbol Word Pronounce It

10 Ten

11 Eleven

12 Twelve

13 Thirteen

14 Fourteen

15 Fifteen

16 Sixteen

17 Seventeen

18 Eighteen

13

19 Nineteen

20 Twenty

More numbers (21 - 1000)

Whole numbers 21 to 1000

In figures In words

21 twenty-one

22 twenty-two

23 twenty-three

24 twenty-four

25 twenty-five

26 twenty-six

27 twenty-seven

28 twenty-eight

29 twenty-nine

30 thirty

40 fourty

50 fifty

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60 sixty

70 seventy

80 eighty

90 ninety

100 a hundred

101 a hundred and one

200 two hundred

300 three hundred

400 four hundred

500 five hundred

600 six hundred

700 seven hundred

800 eight hundred

900 nine hundred

1000 a thousand

Ordinal numbers (1 - 1000)

Ordinal Numbers

Cardinal numbers express quantity: two eggs (2 eggs), thirty-five people (35 people) etc...

Ordinal numbers indicate order or rank: first (1st), second (2nd), third (3rd) etc...

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The definite article"the" normally goes in front of any ordinal number: e.g. "Queen Elizabeth

the second."

For most ordinal numbers, the ending '-th' is used, with one or two exceptions for those

inevitable irregular numbers:-

CARDINAL NUMERAL IN WORDS ORDINAL NUMERAL IN WORDS

1 one 1st the first

2 two 2nd the second

3 three 3rd the third

5 five 5th the fifth

9 nine 9th the ninth

12 twelve 12th the twelfth

Ordinal numbers 1 to 19

In figures In words

1st the first

2nd the second

3rd the third

4th the fourth

5th the fifth

6th the sixth

7th the seventh

8th the eighth

9th the ninth

10th the tenth

11th the eleventh

12th the twelfth

13th the thirteenth

14th the fourteenth

15th the fifteenth

16th the sixteenth

17th the seventeenth

18th the eighteenth

19th the nineteenth

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Ordinal numbers such as 21st, 33rd etc are formed by combining a CARDINAL ten with an ORDINAL

unit.

The "y" of "twenty", "thirty", "forty", etc. is changed to "ieth":-

In figures In words

20th the twentieth

21st the twenty-first

22nd the twenty-second

23rd the twenty-third

24th the twenty-fourth

25th the twenty-fifth

26th the twenty-sixth

27th the twenty-seventh

28th the twenty-eighth

29th the twenty-ninth

30th the thirtieth

40th the fortieth

50th the fiftieth

60th the sixtieth

70th the seventieth

80th the eightieth

90th the ninetieth

100th the hundredth

101st the hundred and first

1000th the thousandth

 

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4. Colours

Black

White

Red

Blue

Yellow

Orange

Green

Purple

Pink

For example:-

The Union Jack is red, white and blue.

The German flag is black, red and yellow.

Penguins are black and white.

Aubergines are purple.

Lettuces are green.

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Lemons are yellow.

Oranges are orange!

A rainbow is multi-coloured

5. Days of the week

The days of the week:-

The working week The weekend

Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday

(the Sabbath) Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun

6. Time

Twelve o'clock Six o'clock

One o'clock Seven o'clock

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Two o'clock Eight o'clock

Three o'clock Nine o'clock

Four o'clock Ten o'clock

Five o'clock Eleven o'clock

The times of the day:-

Morning Afternoon Evening s Night

00.01 - 12.00 12.01 to 18.00 18.01 to 22.00 22.01 - 24.00

Twelve

o'clock

Twelve

fifteen

or

Quarter

past

twelve

Twelve

thirty

or

Half

past

twelve

Twelve

forty-

five

or

Quarter

to one

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Naturally speaking

Exactly or about

Exactly About

14.00

It's exactly 2.00pm.

14.28

It's about 2.30pm.

How to ask the time

Excuse me . What time is

it please?

It's exactly eight o'clock.

or

It's eight.

Excuse me . Do you

have the time please?

It's half past twelve.

or

It's twelve thirty.

Excuse me . Could you

tell me the time please?

It's about half past

eleven.

or

It's about eleven thirty.

7. Seasons

In the UK we have four seasons:-

Winter Spring Summer Autumn

Decembe Januar Februar Marc Apri Ma Jun Jul Augus Septembe Octobe Novembe

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r y y h l y e y t r r r

Dec Jan Feb Mar AprMa

yJun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov

More time expressions

Days of the week

The pastThe

presentThe future

Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday

Last

MondayThe day before

yesterday

Yesterday TodayTomorrow

The day after

tomorrowNext

Sunday

Months of the year

The pastThe

presentThe future

July August September October November December January

Last

JulyThe month

before last

Last

month

This

monthNext

month

The month after

nextNext

January

Years

The past The present The future

2001 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Three

years agoThe year

before last

Last

yearThis year Next

year

The year after

next In three years time

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Today is .

Yesterday was .

The day before yesterday was .

Tomorrow will be .

The day after tomorrow will be .

This month is .

Last month was .

The month before last was .

Next month will be .

Follow the dialogue.

Mr Bean is finding out about his student's birthdays.

Mr Bean: Sam, when is your birthday?

Student:It is on the 22nd of September.

Mr Bean: Oh, really! But today is the 23rd of September.

Student: Yes.

Mr Bean: That means your birthday was yesterday!

Student:Yes it was.

Mr Bean:Well, happy birthday for yesterday Sam.

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Student: Thank you.

Mr Bean:Sally, when is your birthday?

Sally: My birthday is on the 24th of September.

Mr Bean: No.

Sally: Yes. It's my birthday tomorrow!

Mr Bean and Sam: Happy birthday for tomorrow Sally.

Sally: Thank you.

 

8.People and places + where?

Questions Who? = People

What? = Things

 

Where? = Places

 

CAPITALISATION RULES

Rule For example

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People's names always start with a CAPITAL LETTER.

My name is Lynne Hand.

Countries always start with a CAPITAL LETTER.

I come from England.

Cities always start with a CAPITAL LETTER.

I live in Darmstadt.

Nationalities always start with a CAPITAL LETTER.

I am English.

 

Where is this?

  Is this Germany?

Is England in Poland?

What is the capital of England?

No, this isn't Germany. This is England.

No, England isn't in Poland. England is in Britain.

The capital of England is London.

  Is this France? Is Wales in Germany?

What is the capital of Wales?

No, this isn't France. This is Wales.

No, Wales isn't in Germany. Wales is in Britain.

The capital of Wales is Cardiff.

  Is this Spain? Is Scotland in What is the

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France? capital of Scotland?

No, this isn't Spain. This is Scotland.

No, Scotland isn't in France. Scotland is in Britain.

The capital of Scotland is Edinburgh.

  Is this Italy? Is Northern Ireland in Italy?

What is the capital of Northern Ireland?

No, this isn't Italy. This is Northern Ireland.

No, Northern Ireland isn't in Italy. Northern Ireland is in the United Kingdom.

The capital of Northern Ireland is Belfast.

  Where is this? Is the United Kingdom in America?

Tell me more.

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This is the United Kingdom.

No, the United Kingdom isn't in America. The United Kingdom is in Europe.

England, Wales and Scotland are countries in Britain. England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland are countries in the United Kingdom. London, Belfast, Edinburgh and Cardiff are capital cities. London is the capital of Britain.

 

 

This is England.

 

Q - Is England a city?

A - No, England isn't a city. England is a country.

Q - And London. Is London a city or a country?

A - London is a city, a capital city. London is the capital city of England.

Q - Is London in Germany?

A - No, London isn't in Germany. London is in England.

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 Now you - make up the same dialogue for Scotland,

Wales and Northern Ireland.

Q - Is Wales .......... ?

A - No, Wales ........... .

 Who is this?/Who are they?

Who is this? What is her

name?

Where does she come

from?

Where does she

live?

What nationality

is she?

It's Ingrid. Her name is Ingrid Bergman

She comes from Sweden

She's dead. She's Swedish

Who is this? What is his

name?

Where does he come

from?

Where does he

live?

What nationality

is he?

It's Napoleon. His name is Napolean Bonaparte.

He comes from France.

He's dead. He's French.

Who are they? What are

their names?

Where do they come

from?

Where do they live?

What nationality are they?

They're 'The Beatles'.

Their names are John Lennon, Paul McCartney, Ringo Starr and George Harrison.

They come from England.

John Lennon and George Harrison are dead. Paul lives in England and Ringo lives in Monte Carlo.

They're British.

 

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Note:

Where do you come from? = Where were you born or raised.

Where do you live? = Where do you live now.

For example:

Me: - "I come from England, but I live in Germany."

 

What to say

Question Short answer Long answer

"What's your name?" "It's Lynne Hand." "My name is Lynne Hand."

"Where do you come from?" "From England." "I come from England."

"Where do you live?" "In Darmstadt." "I live in Darmstadt."

"What nationality are you?" "I'm English." "My nationality is English."

When asked questions about themselves people often give short one-word answers:-

Question Short one - word answer

"What's your name?" "Lynne Hand."

"Where do you come from?" "England."

"What country do you come from?" "England"

"Where are you from?" "England"

"Where do you live?" "Darmstadt."

"What nationality are you?" "English."

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Naturally Speaking

Follow the dialogue.

What's your name please? Mr. Bean. Do you come from London? No I come from Derby. Do you live in Derby? No, I live in London. Are you English? Yes, I am. Thank you. You're welcome.

9. Present Simple - "I do." vs. Present Continuous - "I am doing."

! "What do you do?" = What is your job? vs. "What are you doing?" = What are you actually doing right

now?

For example:

Q - What do you do?

A - I'm a teacher.

Q - What are you doing?

A - I'm teaching.

The Present Simple vs. Present Continuous - when do we use them?

Things that are always

true.

Regular and repeated actions

(always, often, sometimes,

never).

General facts about our

lives.

Something that is

happening now.

Temporary situations.

To describe change,

development, progress.

"Water boils at 100 degrees."

"I always boil the kettle before I make the tea."

-"The kettle isn't boiling."

-"Is the kettle boiling yet?"

"English is a popular language in business."

"I always speak English in my lessons."

"I like English."

"I am in my lesson, so I'm speaking English."

"I am studying English for a year at University."

"My English is improving."

"It never snows in Germany in the summer."

"It often snows in the winter."

"I enjoy snow."

"It isn't snowing, the sun is shining.

- -

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Let's ask a few questions about Mr Bean.

Q- "What does Mr Bean do?"A- "He's a teacher."

Q- "Is he sitting?"A- "No, he isn't sitting, he's standing.

 

Q- "What does he teach?"A- "He teaches English."

Q- "What is he doing?"A- "He's holding a flag."

 

Q- "Where does he work?"A- "He works at a language school in London."

Q- "Is he working there today?"A- "No, he isn't working there today, it's shut."

Q- "What is he doing today?.A- "He's driving to Nottingham."

Q- "Does he often drive to Nottingham."A- "No, he usually takes the train."

10.Adjectives for people, places and things

Adjectives to describe someone's appearance

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beautiful (women only)

handsome (men only)

pretty(girls only) good looking

(men/women/boys)

ugly (men and women)

attractive (men, women, boys or girls)

An adjective is a word that modifies a noun to tell you more about it.

Adjectives never change. They are never plural.

For example:-

This is a nice cake. Adjectives go before their nouns.

They're nice people.

Adjectives go before their nouns.

Adjectives for people and places - appearances

 

beautifu

l  

 pretty    

ugly  

 

Adjectives for personality (people) or characteristics (places and things)

lovely

  nice 

OK  

all right   horrible   terrible awful

Questions for people, places and things

For people Question Answer

Appearance What does David look like?Oh, he's a handsome man. He's tall with fair hair.

PersonalityWhat is he like?(What's he like?)

He's a lovely man.

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For places Question Answer

AppearanceWhat is Tuscany like? (What's Tuscany like?)

Oh, it's a very pretty place.

Characteristics

What is Tuscany like? (What's Tuscany like?)

It's a lovely place.

 

For things Question Answer

Appearance

What is the new Jaguar car like? (What's the new Jaguar car like?)

Oh, it's a beautiful car.

Characteristics

What is the new Jaguar car like? (What's the new Jaguar car like?)

It's a very comfortable car.

 

Opposites

big / large

"It's a large animal."

small

"It's a small animal."

clean

"She's a clean little girl."

dirty

"She's a dirty little girl."

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friendly

"They're friendly people."

unfriendly

"They're unfriendly people."

expensive

"It's an expensive car."

cheap

"It's a cheap car."

good

"He's a good boy."

bad

"He's a bad boy."

tall

"He's a tall man."

short

"He's a short man."

long

"She has long hair."

short

"She has short hair."

comfortable

"It's a comfortable

chair."

uncomfortable

"They're uncomfortable

chairs."

happy

"It's a happy face."

sad

"It's a sad face."

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new

"It's a new car."

old

"It's an old car."

 

Naturally Speaking

Follow the dialogue.

Mr Bean meets Mr Breuer again at a party.

Mr Bean:Hello, Mr Breuer. It's nice to see your again.

Mr Breuer:Mr Bean, what a nice surprise! How are you?

Mr Bean: I'm fine thanks, and how is Mrs Breuer?

Mr Breuer:She's OK thank you. She's getting a new teacher next week, a Miss Burton. What's she like?

Mr Bean:Don't worry she's very nice. She's really friendly.

Mr Breuer:Oh that's good to know. You come from Derby, don't you Mr Bean?

Mr Bean:Yes, that's right.

Mr Breuer:What's it like?

Mr Bean: It's a big city in the Midlands. It's a really nice city to live in and the people their are very friendly. What's Dresden like?

Mr Breuer:Dresden is a very large city in the East of Germany. It's beautiful in parts but quite ugly in others. There have been a lot of changes recently.

Mr Bean: Yes, I can imagine.

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Note !

 all right, awful, bad, beautiful, big, cheap, clean, comfortable, dirty, expensive, friendly, good, happy, horrible, large, long, lovely, new, nice, OK, sad, short, small,

tall, terrible, uncomfortable and unfriendly 

are all adjectives - they describe nouns

very, quite, really and slightly 

are all modifiers - they change (modify) the adjectives

11. Likes, Dislikes and Invitations

Do you like ...?

To talk about liking or disliking something, you can use verb + -ing with:-

enjoy | like | love | hate

Asking and answering questions:-

Question Answer + Answer - Do you enjoy learning English? Yes, I love it. No, I hate it.

Does he like living in Germany? Yes, he loves it. No, he hates it.

Did you love the Beatles in the 60s? Yes, I loved them. No, I hated them.

Do you hate football? Yes, I hate it. No, I love it.

To invite someone to do something, you can use verb + -ing with:-

feel like | fancy

Asking and answering questions:-

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Question Answer + Answer - Do you feel like going out tonight? Yes, I'd love to. No, I don't feel like it.

Do you fancy going for a drive? Yes, I'd love to. No, I don't feel like it.

Love - Hate

After some verbs (love, like, don't/doesn't mind, hate) you can use a noun, a pronoun or a verb

+ing.

 

Love Like

Don't mind

Hate

Noun (coffee) I love coffee. I like coffee. I don't mind

coffee. I hate coffee.

Pronoun (him) I love him. I like him. I don't mind

him. I hate him.

Verb (flying) I love flying. I like flying. I don't mind

flying. I hate flying.

How about doing something? vs Would you like to do something?

To invite someone to do something you can also use:-

Question Answer + Answer - How about going out tonight? Yes, I'd love to. No, I don't feel like it.

Would you like to go out tonight? Yes, I'd love to. No, I don't feel like it.

How about having a drink? Yes, I'd love to. No, thanks.

Would you like to have a drink? Yes, I'd love one. No, thank you.

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! Note. 'How about ...' is informal. 'Would you like to ...' is formal.

Now let's see how Mr Bean does it...

Mr Bean is at home when his wife comes in...

Mr Bean: Hello, darling. Do you fancy going out tonight?

Mrs Bean:Oh, no thanks, I don't really feel like it tonight. How about renting a film

instead.

Mr Bean: OK. Do you feel like watching the new Bruce Willis film, Die Hard 13?

Mrs Bean: Oh, no. I hate him. Do you like Julia Roberts?

Mr Bean: I don't mind her.

Mrs Bean: Well I really like her. Let's rent her new film then.

12. Offering, Accepting and Refusing Politely

Would you like ...?

How to offer a cup of coffee to someone else:

  Offering

Formal Would you like a cup of coffee?

Informal A cup of coffee?

Very informal Coffee?

Yes/No

How to accept or decline a cup of coffee:

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Accepting Refusing

Formal Yes, please. No, thank you.

Informal Yes, I'd like some. No, thanks.

Very informal I'd love one. No, thanks.

How do you take it?

Saying how you would like your coffee...

Black with sugar, please.

White, no sugar, please.

White with sugar, please.

Black, no sugar, please.

A little milk, but no sugar, please.

Now let's see how Mr Bean does it...

Mr Bean is in the staff room at school. He is making a cup of coffee. Miss Smith comes in ...

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Mr Bean: Hello, Miss Smith. Would you like a cup of coffee? I'm just making some.

Miss Smith: Oh, yes please, that would be lovely.

Mr Bean: How do you take it?

Miss Smith: With milk and sugar please.

Mr Bean makes the coffee

Mr Bean: Here you are.

Miss Smith: Thank you.

Their colleague Mr Martin comes in

Miss Smith: Good morning Mr Martin, coffee?

Mr Martin: Oh, great! Yes please, I'd love one.

Mr Bean: Milk and sugar?

Mr Martin: A little milk and no sugar, please.

An English family says 'Hello!'

Mr and Mrs Bell are married.

This is

Mary

Bell.

Mrs Bell:

"Hello I'm Mary

Bell, George's

wife. George is

my husband."

This is

George Bell.

Mr Bell:

"Hello I'm George

Bell, Mary's

husband. Mary is

my wife."

Mr and Mrs Bell:

"Here are our children. We are their parents."

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This is Carol. Carol: "Hello! I'm Carol Bell."

This is Robert.

Carol:"This is Robert. He's my big brother. I'm his

sister."

Robert:"Hello! I'm Robert Bell. I'm her brother. She's

my little sister."

Carol and Robert :

"Here are our parents. We're their children."

You have already met

Mary.

Carol and

Robert:"This is our mother."

Mrs Bell:"I'm Robert and Carol's mother. Carol is

my daughter and Robert is my son."

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You have already met

George.

Carol and

Robert:"This is our father."

Mr Bell:"I'm Robert and Carol's father. Carol is

my daughter and Robert is my son."

The Bell Family

Do you remember Mr

and Mrs Bell and their

children Carol and

Robert?

Mr Bell's parents are

dead and he doesn't

have any brothers and

sisters, he was an only

child.

Mrs Bell's parents are

still alive, she has a

younger sister and an

older brother.

Let's learn some more about them:

Here are Mary's parents. Mr and Mrs Richards, Emily and

Edgar. She's their daughter.

"Hello. We are Carol and Robert's grandparents. Carol and

Robert are our grandchildren."

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Mr Richards: "I'm their grandfather. Carol is our

granddaughter and Robert is our grandson. "

Mrs Richards: "I'm their grandmother. We're George's in

laws. I'm his mother-in-law and Edgar is his father-in-law.

George is our son-in-law."

This is Mr and Mrs Robert's other daughter Anne, Miss Richards.

"Hello. I'm Anne. I'm Mary's younger sister. That makes me Carol

and Robert's aunt. Carol is my niece and Robert is my nephew.

Mary's husband George is my brother-in-law, I'm his sister-in-law.

I'm not married, I'm single."

And this is their son Charles.

"Hi. I'm Charles. I'm Mary's older brother. That makes me Carol

and Robert's uncle. Carol is my niece and Robert is my nephew.

Mary's husband George is my brother-in-law, I'm his brother-in-

law too. I was married, but not any more, I'm divorced.

I have one child, a baby girl."

This is Emma. She is Charles' baby. Charles is her father. She is

Carol and Robert's cousin, they are her cousins too. Mary and

Anne are her aunts, she is Mary and Anne's niece. George is her

uncle, she is his niece.

DIRECTIONS

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Simple Directions

Right

Left

Straight ahead

For example

       

   The factory is straight

ahead.    

The office

block is on the

left.

You are here.The train station

is on the right.

Ask the right question

Question Answer

Where is the office block please? It's on the left.

Could you tell me where the factory is, please? It's straight ahead.

Excuse me. Do you know where the train station

is? It's on the right.

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Where is ... in the town?

Where is the

church?

Where is the train

station? Where is the school?

Where is the

airport?

Where is the

hospital?

The church is on

the far left.

The train station is to

the right of the

church.

The school is in the

middle.

The airport is to

the left of the

hospital.

The hospital is on

the far right.

or...

The church is next

to the train station.

The train station is

between the church

and the school.

The school is

between the station

and the airport.

The airport is

between the

school and the

hospital.

The hospital is

next to the airport.

near far

Movement

  Over the bridge

  Through the tunnel

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  Along / Down the road

  Go upstairs

  Go downstairs

  Take the lift up / down.

Ask the right question

More Questions

How do I get to ... ?

What's the best way to ...?

Is it near?

Is it far?

Vocabulary

  A bottle of ..... A bowl of ..... A cup of ..... A glass of ..... A pot of ..... A slice of ...

 

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The waiter is coming. In his right hand he is

carrying a tray. On the tray is a bottle of

wine and two glasses. He has a napkin over

his left arm.

He has dark hair. He is wearing black shoes,

a pair of black trousers and a grey waistcoat

over a white shirt with a black bow tie.

A waiter/waitress takes

your order. "Are you ready to order?"

or "Would you like to order?"

or "May I take your order?"

or "What would you like?"

Can you think of anything else a waiter might say to take your order?

 

Naturally Speaking

Now let's see how Mr Bean does it...

Mr Bean is at a cafe with his colleague Mr Smith. They are sitting at a table. The waiter comes

to take their order.

Waiter: Are you ready to order?

Mr Bean: Yes, I'd like a cup of coffee and a doughnut, please.

Waiter (to Mr

Smith):And what would you like?

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Mr Smith: Oh, I'll have a pot of tea and a slice of apple pie.

Waiter: Would you like cream with your pie?

Mr Smith: No, thank you. Could I have ice cream with it instead?

Waiter: Yes, of course.

Mr Bean: And may I have a glass of water too?

Waiter: Certainly.

Paying in a cafe

QuestionsWho? People

What? Things

Where? Places

When? Time

Paying in a cafe

Note! To drink is a verb and drink is a noun. To order is a verb and order is a noun.

Vocabulary

 

The

customer

chooses

from the

menu.

The waiter takes

the order.

The waiter

brings the

food and

drink.

The

customer

eats the

food and

drinks the

drink.

The

customer

asks for

the bill.

The customer

pays the bill.

The

customer

leaves a

tip.

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Mr Bean

is a

customer.

This is a waiter. This is food.

To eat. This is a

bill. To pay.

This is a

tip.

1 x cup coffee

1 x doughnut

1 x pot tea

1 x slice apple pie

     

This is a

menu. This is an order. This is drink. To drink      

Mr Bean and Mr Smith are finishing their drinks.

They have to go back to work now.

Mr Bean offers to pay for the coffee.

When you want to

pay."I'll pay."

or "My treat."

or "This is on me."

Can you think of anything else you might say when you want to pay?

 

Naturally Speaking

Now let's see how Mr Bean does it...

49

Mr Bean is at a cafe with his colleague Mr Smith. They are sitting at the table when the

waiter comes to take their order.

Mr Smith : Shall we get the bill?

Mr Bean: Yes, I'll pay though, my treat.

Mr Smith: Thank you, that's very kind. I'll get it next time.

Mr Bean (to the waiter): Excuse me. Could we have the bill please?

Waiter: Certainly. Do you want to pay together or separately?

Mr Bean: Together please. How much is that?

Waiter: Here you are. That's £5.50, please.

Mr Bean: Here you are - £6.00, keep the change.

Waiter: Thank you.

English numbers (1,2,3...10)

Numbers

Whole numbers 1 to 10

Symbol Word

0 Nought

1 One

2 Two

3 Three

4 Four

5 Five

50

6 Six

7 Seven

8 Eight

9 Nine

10 Ten

More numbers (10, 11, 12 ...20)

Whole numbers 10 to 20

Symbol WordPronounce

It

10 Ten

11 Eleven

12 Twelve

13 Thirteen

14 Fourteen

15 Fifteen

16 Sixteen

17 Seventeen

18 Eighteen

19 Nineteen

20 Twenty

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More numbers (21 - 1000)

Whole numbers 21 to 1000

In figures In words

21 twenty-one

22 twenty-two

23 twenty-three

24 twenty-four

25 twenty-five

26 twenty-six

27 twenty-seven

28 twenty-eight

29 twenty-nine

30 thirty

40 fourty

50 fifty

60 sixty

70 seventy

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80 eighty

90 ninety

100 a hundred

101 a hundred and one

200 two hundred

300 three hundred

400 four hundred

500 five hundred

600 six hundred

700 seven hundred

800 eight hundred

900 nine hundred

1000 a thousand

Ordinal numbers (1 - 1000)

Ordinal Numbers

Cardinal numbers express quantity: two eggs (2 eggs), thirty-five people (35 people) etc...

Ordinal numbers indicate order or rank: first (1st), second (2nd), third (3rd) etc...

The definite article"the" normally goes in front of any ordinal number: e.g. "Queen Elizabeth the

second."

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For most ordinal numbers, the ending '-th' is used, with one or two exceptions for those inevitable

irregular numbers:-

CARDINAL NUMERAL

IN WORDSORDINAL NUMERAL

IN WORDS

1 one 1st the first

2 two 2nd the second

3 three 3rd the third

5 five 5th the fifth

9 nine 9th the ninth

12 twelve 12th the twelfth

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Ordinal numbers 1 to 19

In figures In words

1st the first

2nd the second

3rd the third

4th the fourth

5th the fifth

6th the sixth

7th the seventh

8th the eighth

9th the ninth

10th the tenth

11th the eleventh

12th the twelfth

13th the thirteenth

14th the fourteenth

15th the fifteenth

16th the sixteenth

17th the seventeenth

18th the eighteenth

19th the nineteenth

Ordinal numbers such as 21st, 33rd etc are formed by combining a CARDINAL ten with an

ORDINAL unit.

The "y" of "twenty", "thirty", "forty", etc. is changed to "ieth":-

In figures In words

20th the twentieth

21st the twenty-first

22nd the twenty-second

23rd the twenty-third

24th the twenty-fourth

25th the twenty-fifth

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26th the twenty-sixth

27th the twenty-seventh

28th the twenty-eighth

29th the twenty-ninth

30th the thirtieth

40th the fortieth

50th the fiftieth

60th the sixtieth

70th the seventieth

80th the eightieth

90th the ninetieth

100th the hundredth

101st the hundred and first

1000th the thousandth

 

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