Slide 1

Written by ODJFSFormatted for Powerpoint by Jean Smith Executive DirectorChildren First of ClevelandChild Care Licensing ReviewOne thing worse than training people and losing them is not training them and keeping them. Zig ZiglarWhat is your responsibility as a Child Care Provider?Your greatest responsibility is to protect the children in your care from harm and to support their healthy development

What are the are the three essential responsibilities of a child care professional?1. Protecting children from harm and promoting their healthy development.2. Knowing the licensing rules and understanding your role in implementing your programs policies and procedures for maintaining licensing compliance.3. Understanding and when necessary, fulfilling your role as a mandated reporter of child abuse and neglect.

What are serious risk non-compliances?ODJFS has designated the serious risk non-compliances (SRNC) as those rules, that if violated, present the greatest risk of harm to children. The beginning of each module lists the SRNCs related to each topic area. SRNCs are designated in red on the licensing report after each inspection. If a staff person of Children First of Cleveland is found to be in violation of serious risk non-compliance they will be will be terminated from employment. Rules ManualEach staff person needs to have a copy of the OAC 5101:2-12 Child Care Licensing Rules. The rules related to each module must be reviewed with you by the administrator. Each program is required to have a copy of the rules readily available to all staff. The rules are also located at: Child Care Center eManual online at odjfs.com

Im really curious and love to explore, but I need you to protect me as I learn about the world. Please make sure you are always aware of where I am at and are close enough to intervene quickly if I need you.

Module 1: Active Supervision of Children OverviewThis module has been divided into the following content areasActive SupervisionArrival and DeparturePlaygroundNap TimeSchool Age PoliciesStaff/Child RatiosGroup SizeAttendance

5 Essential Take-Aways

1. All children must be supervised at all times. A child may never be left alone, not for any reason or for any amount of time.

2. Staff/child ratios must be maintained at all times. The best way to do this is to count, and count often.

3. Ratios at naptime can be doubled for 1 hours if enough staff are in the building to maintain ratio. Ratios cannot be doubled if the group contains an infant.

4. If a child does not arrive as expected, from a location other than with their parent, the center must determine the whereabouts of the child.

5. The youngest child in the group determines the ratio and maximum group size that must be maintained, including when a child is in the process of transitioning to a new room.

Serious Risk Non-Compliances related to SupervisionIf the program were to be out of compliance with any of the following rules related to the active supervision of children, it would result in a serious risk non- compliance. - Staff are under the influence of a substance which impairs their ability to supervise children. - Staff have left children completely alone. - Children are not supervised during arrival, when arriving from a location other than with their parent/guardian. - Staff did not implement their written policy for determining the whereabouts of a child who did not arrive from another location other than with their parent/guardian.Active Supervision

Being able to see and hear each child in care Having an awareness of the activities of each child Standing in a strategic position in the room or on the playground in order to be able to see all children Scanning activities and circulating throughout the room or playground Being near enough to children to be able to intervene quickly if necessaryActive Supervision continuedIf you leave children unattended or are not aware of the location or activities of children, you will not be available to assist or intervene when the potential for harm occurs.You may never leave children unattended. This is true even for a very short period of time, such as a staff member needing to step out of the room to get something in the hallway. You need to be able to both hear and see all of the children in your care, at all times.Supervision must be appropriate to the age of the child. Younger children often require closer supervision then older children.You cannot be under the influence of any substance that would impair your ability to properly supervise children. You should notify the administrator if you are taking medication which may impair your ability to supervise. You should also notify the administrator if you suspect another staff member is under the influence.

Recommendation:Because children are naturally curious about their environment, they easily forget safety rules. It is not enough to tell a young child "Don't climb up on the table and jump off." or "Don't run out of the classroom without a teacher." You must follow up safety rules with close supervision.You need to not only be in the room and physically present with children, but you also need to be actively supervising the children in your care.

Never be preoccupied with activities which take your attention off of the children in your care such as:Making personal phone calls or texting Heavy cleaning (vacuuming, mopping floors, washing the walls, steam cleaning the carpet, etc.) Answering the phone (other than brief informational calls to parents or other staff) Letting people in the front door Extended conversations with parents or other staff Extensive lesson planning

Supervision at Arrival/Departure

You must assure that children are properly supervised while they are arriving or departing from the center. Because these can be busy times of day, it is important to assure that you are aware of all children in your care.

You must review your arrival and departure policies with parents/guardian. It is important that the adult who is dropping off or picking up the child maintains supervision of the child until they have been signed in or out of the program.

Supervision at Arrival/DepartureIf children are arriving from or departing to a location other than with their parents, they must be supervised during the transition time. Staff must meet children at their drop off point and escort them into the building. If children are leaving the program, you must make sure they are supervised until they have safely reached their destination. If a child is scheduled to arrive from a location other than with their parent/guardian, the program must have a plan for what to do if the child does not arrive if expected. If this situation occurs, you must follow the plan to locate the child.

Playground Supervision

Children like to test their abilities and skills. This is especially true on playgrounds, where the potential risk of harm is elevated.Even on the safest playground, you must be actively supervising children to assure they are not taking risks which could lead to injury. You should be aware of any blind spots on the playground, including equipment that children could be climbing in or around, which may make it difficult for you to see them. Pay special attention to these areas.

Naptime SupervisionStaff must supervise children when they are sleeping or are in sleeping areas.Children sleeping on cots must be placed in such a position so that you can see them while they are resting. You may think a child is asleep, but they may actually be awake and in need of attention. If caring for infants, you must be able to see and hear all of the children when they are in their cribs.Recommendation: If the new employee is working in a room which participates in naptime, it is a good idea to diagram the proper placement of the cots.

School Age SupervisionPrograms that care for school age children have the opportunity to utilize provisions outlined in the licensing rules, which allow for a level of supervision specific to this age group. It is up to each individual program as to whether or not they utilize these provisions.School age children may run errands inside the building or use the restroom alone or in groups of no more than six children without adult supervision as long as the following are met: - Children are within hearing distance of a staff member- The staff member checks on the children every five minutes - The restroom is used exclusively by the programA group of not more than six school age children, 4th grade or older, may be engaged in activities without a staff member as long as the following are met: - Staff can see or hear children at all times - The staff member checks on the children every five minutes - School children may leave the program for specific activities as long as written permission is on file from the parent/guardian. The sample JFS 01225 Routine Permission Slip can be used to obtain this permission.

Serious Risk Non-Compliances related to Staff-Child RatiosIf the program were to be out of compliance with any of the following rules related to staff/child ratios, it would result in a serious risk non-compliance: Staff child ratios must be maintained at all times. If a program chooses to double ratios for toddler, preschool, or school age ratio during naptime, there must be enough staff present in the building to maintain ratio. Ratios cannot be doubled at naptime for groups containing infants. A second adult must be available in the building whenever seven or more children are present. However, Children First of Clevelands policy states that a second adult must be on the premises at all times. The second adult must have a signed JFS 1328 Statement of Non-Conviction on file. For programs providing overnight care, ratios shall not be doubled during the overnight portion of the program.

Staff/Child Ratio

Its important that you always count to make sure you dont have too many of us. It only takes a second for me to wander away from you as I explore the world around me.

Staff-Child RatiosMaintaining staff/child ratio is important because it allows you to appropriately supervise and gives you the ability to provide each child individual attention and focus on building warm, nurturing relatiThe following staff-child ratios must be met at all times:Age of ChildrenStaff to ChildrenMaximum Group Size0-12 Months1:51212-18 Months1:61218-30 Months1:71430-36 Months1:8163 years 4 years1:12244 years -until age eligible for Kindergarten1:1428Age eligible for Kindergarten 11 years1:183611 14 years1:2040Staff Child RatiosThe prescribed JFS 01310 Required Staff/Child Ratios form must be posted in the classroom or at the entrance of each classroom.The ratio requirement must be followed for the youngest child in the group. The only exception to this is when on child, who is 2 years or older, is permanently assigned to the next older age group.You cannot be counted in ratio if you are engaged in conversations with parents which prevent you from adequately supervising children. Brief conversations with parents to communicate about a childs day are permitted, but lengthy conversations should be scheduled for a time when you are not responsible for supervising children.If you are unable to perform your responsibilities of caring for children, you must be replaced by another staff member. The center must maintain a list of the substitutes who are available for this purpose. You cannot move children into another group in order to maintain ratio when you have unexpected circumstance in which you find yourself over ratio.

Transitioning Children

You cannot temporarily move children into another classroom, unless the child has a written transition plan in place. Children need consistency in care, and it can be frightening for a child to be moved into another room where they are not familiar with the staff, children, or environment, for the sole purpose of maintaining ratio.When a child transitions into the next older age group, they must have a written transition plan in place, which has been signed by the child's parent/guardian. The sample JFS 01229 Transition Letter can be used for this purpose. The center must maintain the ratio for the youngest child in the group during this transition period.

Naptime Ratio

During naptime, ratios can be doubled as long as the following conditions are met: - All children are resting quietly on their cots - All children are toddlers (18 months) or older - There are enough staff members on the premises to meet ratio in case of emergency- The ratio is not doubled for more than 1 hours per day

During nap time, ratios cannot be doubled if the group contains any infants, even if the infant is in the process of transitioning into a toddler room.

It is important to remember that there are some individuals who may be present in the classroom who are not permitted to count in ratio. Some examples of this may include volunteers, student teachers, or other employees of the center (administrative assistant, cook, custodian, etc.) who do not have required paperwork on file in order to count in ratio. Although they are permitted to be in the program, they cannot be counted in ratio for any period of time.

Recommendation:It is a good idea to keep a list of individuals who are not permitted to be counted in ratio. That way, if you need to leave the room, you can check the list prior to leaving to make sure the individuals still in the room can be counted in ratio.It is the policy of Children First of Cleveland for all student teachers and interns to have a full working file so that they can be used in staff-child ratios.

Maximum Group SizeThe center must organize the children into groups in order to assure continuity of care and proper supervision of children on a daily basis. A group is defined as the children who are assigned to specific child care members.

If the program is caring for more than one group of children in a classroom or area, children shall be assigned to specific child care staff members who are responsible for their care. Each group must have a designated home base. A home base can either be a room or a well defined space within a larger room.

The group size cannot exceed twice the maximum number of children allowed per staff/child ratio. When age groups are combined, the group size for the youngest child in the group shall apply.

- Nap time - Evening sleep time - Meal and snack time - Outdoor play - Field tripsThere are certain times of the day when group size limitations do not apply:Special occasionsIf there are no more than 12 children present at the program, all of the children may be cared for as one group, which could include children of all ages. The staff/child ratio would be determined by the age of the youngest child present.Factors to consider when combing groups include: - The space must be able to be used for the age of the children present, based on the approval granted on the certificate of use and occupancy - The equipment in the room is safe and appropriate for the age of the children present (no choking or other hazards) - There is an appropriate space to change diapers if neededAttendance Requirements

Attendance must be recorded upon the childs arrival and departure. It is the responsibility of the staff member in charge of the child to record the attendance. Parent sign in/out sheets cannot be used to fulfill the requirement of the attendance sheet. The following are two sample forms which can be used to document attendance: -ODJFS Weekly Attendance Form or -ODJFS Monthly Attendance Form

Attendance records must include: - Names and birth dates of the children - Name of the staff members responsible for the group -Designated area used as a home base - For centers that care for children on a part and full time basis, the days and hours of enrollment of each child

Attendance RequirementsIf a child attends the center on a drop in basis, the child must also be listed on the attendance sheet of the group to which they are assigned.The attendance record must remain with the group at all times throughout the day including: - During outdoor play - During emergency evacuations - When different groups are combined - When the group leaves the classroom to use another space in the building (large muscle room, cafeteria, gymnasium, etc.) - During field tripsIf your program serves school age children who are permitted to move throughout the program areas, a procedure must be in place to account for the location of all children at all times as they transition from one area to another.Additional Resources

Caring for Our Children: National Health and Safety Performance Standardshttp://nrc.uchsc.edu/CFOC/

ODJFS has developed JFS 01564 Systems Guide for Maintaining Staff/Child Ratios and Supervision. This guide provide suggestions for systems that programs can use to help achieve and maintain compliance with licensing regulations regarding supervision and staff/child ratioModule One Quiz Question One-Match____ 1:5 or 2:12 a. School Age Ratio____ 1:18 b. Toddler Ratio (youngest child less than 2 years)____ 1:14c. 4 year old Ratio

____ 1:7d. Infant Ratio (youngest child less than 12 months)

____ 1:12e. 3 Year old Ratio

Module One Quiz-Question TwoYou are allowed to double ratio at naptime with an infant group, as long as all of the children are at least 12 months old. ____ True ____ False

Module One- Question Three Select The Correct ResponseSchool age children are permitted to attend activities elsewhere in the building as long as the following is on file: a. A phone call from the parent/guardian giving permission.b. Signed permission slip from the parent/guardian.c. Signed permission slip from the teacher/tutor of the child.

Module One-Question FourSelect All the Correct AnswersMaximum group size does not apply in the following situations:____ a. Nap time____ b. Music class____ c. On the playground____ d. During arrival and departure periods

Module One-Question FiveFill In The Blank With The Correct WordAppropriate _____________________ is basic to the prevention of harm. You must be able to see and hear children at all times.

Module 1 ActivityThis activity and assignment should be done by the staff person completing the orientation, and then reviewed with the administrator or designee. Use the activity below to observe situations in your programs which may affect staff/child ratio and group size. If the situation may occur, but does not on the day of observation, describe the system the center has put in place to assure ratios and group size are maintained.

Module 2-Activities and AssignmentsDiscussion Questions1. The program combines groups during drop off and pick up times in the morning and afternoon. Yes or No If yes, observe morning or afternoon times when groups are combined, and explain how ratios and group size are maintained. 2. The program doubles ratio at nap time. Yes or NoIf yes, observe nap time and explain staff scheduling to assure staff/child ratios are maintained. 3. The program has classrooms where there are mixed age groups(infants/toddlers, or toddlers/preschoolers, or preschoolers/schoolagers). Yes or NoIf yes, explain how ratios and group size are maintained for the group. ____________________________________________________________________uDiscussion Questions Continued4. The children use a restroom which is not in their classroom. Yes or No If yes, explain how ratios are maintained when children need to use the restroom.5. Who are not permitted to count in ratio (volunteers, student teachers, etc.) Yes or No If yes, explain what system the center has in place to assure these individuals are not used to count in ratio. 6. Staff may need to use a restroom down the hall from the classroom. True or FalseIf yes, explain how staff/child ratios are maintained when staff need to leave the classroom.

Module 1 AssignmentIndicate with an "X" potential blind spots or equipment which could be particularly hazardous on the playground. Imagine that two staff members are on the playground with a group of 20 preschool children. Using an "S" indicate where the staff should be located in order to supervise this group. Review with your administrator

Module 1-Supervision Activities Review the center's procedures for maintaining supervision when a staff member needs to leave the room. This could include using a walkie talkie or intercom system to call for assistance, taking the children with you, or asking another adult to bring needed supplies/items to the classroom.Review the spots in the rooms in which staff should position themselves in order to assure they can observe the whole room. This should be done in classrooms, cafeterias, muscle rooms, and on the playground. It is often helpful to make a diagram of the room or playground space with an "X" marked on the spot where staff should position themselves.Review the correct positioning of cots at naptime to assure that all children can be seen. It is recommended that the program diagram the placement of cots and hang the diagram in an easily accessible place in the classroom.If the restroom used by children is not in the classroom, review the center's procedures for maintaining supervision while children are using the restroom.Active SupervisionReview the center's procedures for maintaining supervision when a staffmember needs to leave the room. This could include using a walkie talkie orintercom system to call for assistance, taking the children with you, or askinganother adult to bring needed supplies/items to the classroom.Review the spots in the rooms in which staff should position themselves inorder to assure they can observe the whole room. This should be done inclassrooms, cafeterias, muscle rooms, and on the playground. It is often helpfulto make a diagram of the room or playground space with an "X" marked on thespot where staff should position themselves.Review the correct positioning of cots at naptime to assure that all childrencan be seen. It is recommended that the program diagram the placement of cotsand hang the diagram in an easily accessible place in the classroom.If the restroom used by children is not in the classroom, review the center'sprocedures for maintaining supervision while children are using the restroom.Playground SupervisionReview and show staff any known blind spots on the playground, wherechildren are not able to be seen easily (behind corners, inside play structures,behind bushes, in alcoves of buildings, etc.) These are areas where heightenedsupervision is needed.Review the center's policy on actively supervising children while outside.Describe the areas on the playground where staff should stand in order to beable to see all of the children during play.Arrival/Departure SupervisionReview any children who arrive from a location other than with theirparent/guardian or leave the program to go to a destination other than with theirparent/guardian. Discuss when these children arrive and the center's plan forassuring they are appropriately supervised upon arrival and departure.Module 1 Activity-Playground SupervisonReview and show staff any known blind spots on the playground, where children are not able to be seen easily (behind corners, inside play structures, behind bushes, in alcoves of buildings, etc.) These are areas where heightened supervision is needed.Review the center's policy on actively supervising children while outside.Describe the areas on the playground where staff should stand in order to be able to see all of the children during play.Module 1 Activity-Arrival/DepartureArrival/Departure SupervisionReview any children who arrive from a location other than with their parent/guardian or leave the program to go to a destination other than with their parent/guardian. Discuss when these children arrive and the center's plan for assuring they are appropriately supervised. Review any children who arrive from a location other than with their parent/guardian or leave the program to go to a destination other than with their parent/guardian. Discuss when these children arrive and the center's plan for assuring they are appropriately supervised upon arrival and departure.If applicable, review the center's plan for determining the whereabouts of a child who does not arrive as expected. Show the staff member where the list of emergency phone numbers are kept in order to track these children. Review the center's policy for parental notification if a child is going to be absent.Module 1 Reviews Review with the new employee any individuals who may be in the program, but who are not permitted to be counted in ratio. It is important for new staff to be able to identify who is and is not permitted to be counted in ratio.Review with the new employee the staff listed on the Medical/Dental/General Emergency plan who have completed the first aid training.Review with the new employee the center's specific policies regarding how to assist a child with first aid needs, including: the location of the first aid kit procedures to call for assistance, if needed responsibilities to supervise other children, if not attending to the injured/ill child the location of materials needed for universal precautionsReview the location of the Dental First Aid chart (JFS 01201) and programReview procedures regarding what to do in the event of a dental emergency. Module 1 Reviews Review the ratio for the group with which the new staff person will be working. If the group combines with any other groups throughout the day (morning or evening) review the ratio for the group when they are combined.Review the center's procedures for what the new staff member should do if they find themselves over ratio. This could include contacting the administrator to come into the room, contacting a teacher in another room, etc.Review the center's policies for personal phone calls.Review the center's policies for phone calls/conversations with parents.Review the program's policy for whether or not ratios are doubled at naptime.Review the procedures that are used to assure there are enough staff on the premises to meet ratio. Review how staff breaks are scheduled in order to assure ratios are not doubled for more than 1 hours per day.Review with the new employee the program's policy on procedures to be followed for personal, sick, vacation, and other needed time off. Include in this review the responsibilities of the staff for finding a substitute teacher, if applicable.Module 1 Review-Attendance RecordsReview a copy of the attendance record for the group for which the new employee will be responsible.Review the method the center uses to mark the arrival and departure of children. Include the method that attendance is taken if a child leaves (example for school/doctors appointment) and returns later the same day.Review how attendance records are handled when groups combine, especially at the beginning and end of the day.Review how attendance is handled if one staff member takes a small group of children from the main group outside, to another activity, or to another part of the building.Review how attendance is documented for children during times when they are in the process of visiting another classroom for the purposes of transitioning.Review school age specific procedures, if applicable to the programModule Two: Emergencies and EvacuationsOverviewIt is important that you are familiar with emergency procedures before you start taking care of me. The best time to plan for the unexpected is before something happens.

Module Two 5 Content Areas Emergency Procedures Evacuation Procedures Preventative Practices First Aid Procedures Incident/Injury Reporting Requirements

5 Essential Take-Aways

1. The best way to avoid accidents and injuries is to make sure you are properly supervising children at all times. 2. You need to know where emergency supplies are located and practice evacuations so you can be prepared in the event of an unexpected emergency.3. The medical/dental/general emergency plan which is posted in each room contains critical information on what to do in the event of an emergency and a list of all staff trained in first aid.4. An incident/injury report must be completed and given to the person picking up the child, whenever a child receives first aid treatment or an unexpected event occurs which threatens the safety of children.5. If children are on the playground with only one staff member, another adult must be able to be summoned in the event of an emergency.

Serious Risk Non-Compliances related to Emergencies and EvacuationsIf the program were to be out of compliance with any of the following rules related to emergencies and evacuations, it would result in a serious risk non-compliance. If only one staff member is on the playground with children, another adult must be able to be summoned in the event of an emergency.Emergency ProceduresAlthough minor accidents are a natural part of childhood, it is important to realize that your most important job responsibility is to keep children as safe as possible while in your care. It is essential that you are aware of ways to prevent accidents from occurring and how to respond quickly and appropriately in the event of an emergency.

Children are naturally curious and may not yet have learned that certain actions may be harmful to them. Because of a child's natural curiosity, supervision is critical at all times in order to avoid accidents and injuries.

Be informed!!!!You must know where the following emergency equipment is located and how to use it: - First aid kits - Fire extinguishers - Telephones - Electrical fuse boxes - Fire alarm pull boxesThe JFS 01244 First Aid Supply List lists the items which are required to be in the programs first aid kit.

JFS 01244 First Aid Supply List

Evacuation ProceduresWhile tornados, fire, natural disasters and terrorist or other threats occur infrequently, it is nevertheless important to be prepared. You must be aware of and regularly practice evacuation procedures.A copy of the JFS 01242 Medical/Dental/General Emergency Plan must be posted in every classroom and space used by children. The plan provides written instructions for fire and weather evacuations.Fire drills are required to be completed monthly.Cots or other equipment cannot be placed in front of evacuation doors.Recommendation: Modified evacuation plans may be needed if the program is serving children with special needs.

Preventative Practices

Know when and where accidents are most likely to occur:When staff are not paying attention to childrenWhen children are engaged in climbing activitiesWhen children are tired and hungryWhen unsafe materials and equipment are accessible to childrenDuring times of transition (to and from playground, lunch room, etc.) On field trips On the playground

First Aid Procedures

The center must have at least one staff member in all center buildings during all hours of operation who has current and valid training in first aid and CPR. The CPR training must be appropriate for all age groups that the center is serving.The posted medical, dental, general emergency plan must include the names of all staff with currently valid first aid training.A copy of the JFS 01201 Dental First Aid Chart must be posted in each classroom, office space and any other space used by children.Children First of Cleveland provides First Aid, CPR, Communicable Disease and Child AbuseTraining to all of its staff.Incident/Injury Reporting The staff member in charge of the child must complete the prescribed JFS 01299 Incident/Injury Report when any of the following occur: An illness, accident, or injury which requires first aid treatment A bump or blow to the head Emergency transportation is needed An unusual or unexpected event which jeopardizes the safety of children or staff, such as a child leaving the center unattendedThe center must give the incident/injury report to the parent or the person picking up the child on the day that the incident/injury occurs.

Incident/Injury ReportingThe center must notify the OFC help desk within 24 hours and must submit a written copy to ODJFS within 3 business days if a report is completed as a result of one of the following: - An incident/injury/illness which results in a limitation in a childs activities - Medical attention is necessary beyond basic first aid administered by staff - An unusual or unexpected event occurs which jeopardizes the safety of children or staff, such as a child leaving the center unattendedPlease note that Serious Incident Reports can now be posted on line.

Additional ResourcesSafe Kids USA organizations working to prevent childhood injuries http://www.usa.safekids.org

Ohio Department of Health injury preventionhttp://www.odh.ohio.gov/odhPrograms/hprr/injprev/ovipp.aspx

National Resource Center for Health and Safety in Child Care and Early Education http://nrc.uchsc.edu

Module 2-QuizQuestion One: It is required that you take a first aid kit on all field trips other than routine walks. ____ True ____ FalseQuestion Two: Select all of the correct answers below (there may be more than one correct answer). You are required to complete an incident/injury report if any of the following occur: ____ A child receives an injury which requires first aid. ____ There is an accident in a vehicle in which a child is being transported. ____ A child is transported by an emergency squad. ____ A child receives a blow to the head.Module 2-Quiz ContinuedQuestion Three: Complete the statement by selecting the correct answer below. You are not required to practice the following: ____ Evacuation from a vehicle ____ Tornado drills ____ Fire drillsQuestion Four: A staff person with first aid and CPR training is required to be on the premises as soon as ten or more children are present. ____ True ____ False

Question Five: Which of the following is not required to be posted? ____ A list of items required to be in the first aid kit. ____ The fire and weather evacuation diagrams. ____ The medical/dental/general emergency plan. ____ The dental first aid chart.Module 2 ActivityLocate the first aid kits in the building and document where you found them.Locate the medical/dental emergency plan and dental first aid chart in each of the classrooms, and any other spaces used to care for children (large muscle room, cafeteria, gym, etc.)Locate the fire and weather evacuation diagrams for the room in which you will be responsible. Walk the routes in order to become familiar with them.Locate the fire extinguishers in the building, and write down the location of the one closest to your room and the date of expiration.Locate the gloves that would need to be used for universal precautions and the designated disposal area and document the location of those areas below.

Module 2 Assignment The parents of one of the children in your room have recently gone through a difficult divorce. The center has paperwork on file which indicates the visitation days for each parent. The mother comes to the center to visit the child on a day which is not her day to pick up the child. She becomes angry when you say you cannot allow her to pick up the child. What action should you take?Module 2 AssignmentYou are on the playground with your group of children and another staff member. One of the children falls down and gets a bloody nose. Several of the other children begin to cry because their friend is bleeding. What action should you take?

Module 2 AssignmentDuring nap time the fire alarms go off unexpectedly. Your co-worker is on break. You are not aware of a fire drill being conducted that day. Your children are all asleep, many without shoes on. What action should you take?

Module 2 AssignmentIt is the end of the day, and only a few children are left at the center. The administrator has left for the day. The weather looks threatening, and you hear the tornado sirens going off. What action should you take?

Review Evacuation Procedures

Review the posted location of the JFS 01242 Medical/Dental/General Emergency Plan and the JFS 01201 Dental First Aid Chart. Review and explain the plans in detail.Discuss with the new employee the program's policies and procedures for the following evacuation situations: Fire Weather alert/tornado Threat of violence Loss of power, water, or heatThe policies and procedures should include the following: determining when evacuation is needed how the center accounts for all children once evacuation hasbeen completed how parents will be notifiedEvacuation Procedures ContinuedReview the safe location to which the children should be evacuated. (Renasance Hotel for Safety Threat) (Max Hayes for total Downtown Evacuation)Review paperwork and emergency supplies which should be taken in the event of evacuation (attendance sheets, children's emergency contact information, emergency medication, first aid kit)Tour the center, reviewing the evacuation diagrams in the rooms in which the new employee will be working.If the center is serving children who have limited mobility, discuss any special procedures needed in order to safely evacuate these children.Discuss with the new employee the schedule for fire drills, whether they will be announced or unannounced, and any documentation that the employee will be required to maintain.Module 2: Emergencies and Evacuation Policy and Procedure ReviewEvacuation Procedures

Module 2: First Aid Procedures

First Aid ReviewReview with the new employee the staff listed on the Medical/Dental/General Emergency plan who have this training.Review with the new employee the center's specific policies regarding how to assist a child with first aid needs, including: the location of the first aid kit procedures to call for assistance, if needed responsibilities to supervise other children, if not attending to theinjured/ill child the location of materials needed for universal precautionsReview the location of the Dental First Aid chart JFS 01201 and program procedures regarding what to do in the event of a dental emergencyIncident/Injury Reports

Review with the new employee center specific procedures for completing the JFS 1299 Incident/Injury Report including: where the report is located the process for obtaining the administrator's and parent/guardian signature how to make copies (if applicable) the process to assure the incident report gets to the person picking up the child on the day of the incident where a copy of the report should be filed

Review completed copies of previous incident reports with the new employee.

Module 3: Classroom Routines and ResponsibilitiesYour most important responsibility is to assure that I am safe and that the classroom where I spend my day is a safe and healthy environment.

ModuleThree-Routines/ResponsibilitiesThis module has been divided into the following content areas: Daily Schedules Safe Environment Sanitary Environment Playground Nap Time Snacks and Meal Time

5 Essential Take-Aways

1. It is important to routinely check the environment for anything which may be within the reach of children which could be hazardous to them. 2. The playground checklist should be used to assure that the outside equipment and environment are safe for children. This is especially true if the playground is used by others outside of program operating hours.

3. Infants can only be placed on their backs to sleep, unless they have required written permission on file from a physician. Nothing which could present a suffocation or strangulation risk can be placed in a crib with an infant.

4. Keeping the program clean is important to prevent the spread of communicable disease and to create an inviting, safe environment for children.

5. If children participate in evening or overnight care, they can only sleep on levels of the building approved by the fire department.

Serious Risk Non-Compliances related to Classroom Routines and Responsibilities

If the program were to be out of compliance with any of the following rules related to classroom routines and responsibilities, it would result in a serious risk non-compliance.Safe Equipment and Environment The center shall maintain a safe indoor environmentChemicals shall not be accessible to children.Firearms shall not be accessible to children. Space heaters shall not be used without written approval from the fire department.Indoor climbing equipment, more than 3 feet high shall have landing mats at least 1 inches thick.Children shall be protected from equipment and conditions which threaten their health, safety, and well-being. Climbing ropes shall be anchored on both ends. Machinery shall not be used in the outdoor area when children are in the vicinity.Equipment shall not have openings greater than 3 1/2 inches but less than 9 inches in diameter.Platforms 30 inches or more from the ground shall have a protective barrier. Children shall not have access to hazardous areas or items (bodies of water, parking lots, broken glass or equipment which could seriously harm a child) "S" hooks cannot have openings larger than a dimeEquipment must be securely anchoredClimbing equipment, swings, slides, etc. must have a protective resilient fall surface

Programs Caring for Infants

Infants shall be placed on their backs to sleep unless there is a completed JFS 01235 Sleep Position Wavier on file, signed by a physician.Cribs shall meet the size dimensions outlined in the rule. Bumper pads shall not be used.Spaces between bars and end panels shall not exceed 2 3/8 inches.Space between mattress and side panel shall not exceed 1 inchesDiaper bags, pillows, extra clothing, blankets and other items which pose a suffocation risk shall not be placed in cribs. Children shall not be placed in cribs with bibs or other items around their necks

Daily Schedules

Recommendation: A well planned schedule is important for young children. Being able to predict and understand what will happen next in their day helps children transition from one activity to another. Daily schedules not only help the classroom run smoothly, they also provide a sense of security to children because they know what to expect next.

Schedule ContinuedIt is important that children be provided with opportunities for quiet, alone time during the day. The following are important elements to consider when planning your daily schedule:Age Appropriateness:Each classroom should devise a schedule that is appropriate for the age of the children in the group. When devising a schedule, pay particular attention to the time frames setaside for each activity. Children need enough time to select and complete activities. It is frustrating for a young child to have to wait their turn for an activity, only to be told a few minutes after beginning that it is time for clean up.On the other hand, activities which involve children sitting and listening, such as circle time, should be an appropriate length of time so that children are not expected to sit for a period of time longer than their attention span.Transition Time:It is also important to include enough time to transition from one activity to another, without having continual transitions throughout the day. Regular transition activities help children prepare for changes during the day.These could include a five minute warning, a clean-up song, or finger plays or songs to help children who are waiting in line for other children before moving on to the next part of the schedule.Flexibility:Keep in mind that while it is important to follow the same schedule daily, staff need to be flexible to allow for additional time during activities in which the children are engaged and need further time for exploration.Balance:The schedule for the day must provide for both quiet and active play and should be well balanced with a variety of activities and opportunities available.The schedule must include time for meals and snacks, outside play, and naps (if appropriate to the age group).

81Safe Environment

As a child care member you are responsible for making sure the equipment, outside play area and classroom are safe for the children who spend their time with you. The key to maintaining a safe environment is to understand both how children interact with their environment and what their abilities are in order to be able to recognize and react to potentially unsafe situations.

In order to keep the environment safe for children, you must be aware of potential hazards. Regularly checking the environment and equipment for hazards will assure that children do not have access to anything that could harm or injure them.

Safe Environment

Keep Unsafe Materials Inaccessible: The following items should be inaccessible to children: Firearms and ammunition (not permitted in program)Chemicals and cleaning supplies Employees personal belongingsMercury thermometers (may not be used by children)Broken or hazardous equipmentLawn mowers, power tools and other similar equipmentAnimal urine or fecesToys and equipment small enough to be swallowed must be inaccessible to infants and toddlers.

Safe Environment

Maintain a Comfortable Temperature: Indoor temperature may not go below 65 degrees Fahrenheit.If the indoor temperature is above 85 degrees Fahrenheit, you must provide either ventilation which provides air movement or air conditioning.Maintain Safe Equipment: Equipment must be sturdy and safe with no protruding nails, sharp points or corners, loose or rusty parts, or paint which contains lead or other poisonous materials.Area rugs must have a non-skid backing.Air conditioners, heat pumps, electric fans and heaters must be inaccessible or have safeguards to prevent a child from being injured.Space heaters can only be used with written permission from the fire department.If equipment is manufactured with straps, the straps must be used. Indoor Swings (other than infant swings), slides, climbers, and other climbing equipment must have protective covering over and around the equipment. Climbing equipment over 3 feet in height must use a mat at least 1 inches thickness

Safe EnvironmentMaintain a Safe Facility: Pets and animals should present no risk to children and must be properly inoculated. Verification of inoculations must be on file. Pets must be properly housed and cared for.Electrical outlets, including surge protectors, must be covered when not in use. The only exception to this is if your program serves only school age children. Spray aerosols may not be used when children are present.Chemicals and cleaning supplies must be clearly labeled, be in their original container, and be stored in a designated area. Areas should be well ventilated and protected from rodents, insects, and other hazards. Protect from Hazardous Items or Conditions:You must protect children from any threatening items or conditions which may be present, such as:StovesBodies of waterWindow pull coveringsTelephone cordsElectrical and extension cordsLead HazardsAsbestosWellsTraffic

Safe EnvironmentRecommendation: As you observe your classroom and other indoor and outdoor space for potential hazards look at the space through the eyes of a child. Children are active learners: they want to see, touch and taste everything, especially if its new to themChildren forget: even if youve told them the rules many times, young children are often not able to remember rules and warningsChildren lack self control: they cannot always stop themselves, even when they know they shouldChildren do not recognize danger: as an adult you have learned the consequences of touching a hot burner, a child has not yet had this experience Children focus on their needs: they cannot yet predict the results of their own actionsChildren love to imitate adults: if they see you using a knife or using a match to light a candle, they want to try it for themselvesChildren may have developed abilities that adults are not aware of: a child who could not pull themselves up in their crib, may have developed the ability to do so now

Recommendation: It is recommended that you develop a checklist of items in your classroom that should be reviewed on a regular basis in order to assure that the environment is safe for children.

Resources on where to locate samples of this type of checklist can be found in the Additional Resources section of this module. Keep in mind that any sample checklists may need revisions in order to assure that all rule related items are included.

Safe EnvironmentThe bullets below outline those areas of the program where you should pay special attention to safety issues as they are often outside of the typical classroom environment:Closets/Cabinets: If items are stored in a closet or cabinet in the classroom, make sure these areas are either locked or that items are placed high enough that they cannot be reached by children.Shared Space: If the space is shared with another group, make sure any storage space used by the group is also free of hazards. Remember that children are not able to make the distinction of our space versus their spaceDaily Products: If you need to use cleaning products during the day (diaper changing area, bodily fluids which must be cleaned up, disinfecting table before lunch, etc.) these products must be out of the reach of children, not left on a counter or table top.Restrooms: If there is a storage space in the restroom for hazardous items, make sure it is locked or that hazardous items are placed high enough so that children cannot reach them. It is especially important to maintain safe space under sinks.Hallways: Make sure items are not left in hallways or other areas that children may walk through.

Sanitary EnvironmentKeeping the program clean is important to prevent the spread of communicable disease and to create an inviting, safe environment for children. Because childrens activities are often very messy, this can present a challenge.

A required cleaning schedule has been developed which outlines both cleaning and sanitizing requirements. This schedule can be found in Rule 5101:2-12-15 Appendix A.You are not permitted to conduct cleaning activities in rooms which are occupied by children except for general clean-up which does not interfere with proper supervision. Some examples of general clean-up include: wiping off the table, broom sweeping under a table after an activity or a meal, putting cots away in the room, sanitary cleaning in vicinity of diapering within room, putting away materials during transitioning.

Naptime RoutineMost young children need a time to rest during the day in order to re-energize their bodies.Children who want to rest, nap or sleep while at the program must be provided with a quiet space in which to do so.Toddler and preschool children must sleep on firm, sanitary cots. School age children who want to rest or nap while at the program may be provided with either a cot or a clean washable pad, mat, or other comfortable furniture. If a school age child uses a pad, mat or other furniture, the floor must be clean, warm, dry, and draft free.All infants must be placed in a crib to sleep. They may not sleep in car seats, swings, bouncy chairs, etc. May not sleep with blankets.Infants must be placed on their back to sleep, unless they have a JFS 01235 Sleep Position Waiver, signed by a physician, on file.You must label each crib with the name of the infant assigned to the crib. The crib must be for the exclusive use of the infant assigned to it.The crib and mattress must be cleaned and sanitized before they are assigned to a different infant. Cribs must be two feet apart from each other on all sides when occupied by a child, or must be separated by a divider and have at least two feet of space on two of the sides or ends of the cribs.You may not use bumper pads in cribs. You may not place anything inside or on the sides of the cribs which would obstruct your view of the sleeping child. You may not put a child in a crib with a bib around their neck or with any other items in the crib which could present a suffocation or strangulation risk.You cannot put a child in a crib with a bottle.

Playground Safety

Playgrounds and outside play are essential in providing children with fresh air and exercise. But, they can also provide safety risks. You must always be appropriately supervising children and regularly checking equipment and the environment for any safety risks.According to the National Program for Playground Safety, each year approximately 205,860 preschool and school age children receive emergency department care for injuries that occurred on playground equipment.

When you are on the playground, you must be actively supervising children. You should be aware of any blind spots on the playground and position yourself so that you can monitor those spots. You should continually be moving throughout the playground area.

It is important to remember that children are not always aware of dangerous situations and often try to exceed their own physical abilities when trying to master a new skill.

It is your responsibility to assure that the playground is free from any potential hazards. Any broken equipment or other hazards should immediately be reported to the administrator or person responsible for playground maintenance.

The administrator of the program must complete an inspection of the playground at least four times a year, using the JFS 01281 Playground Inspection Report.

Recommendation: It is recommended that you become familiar with the items on the JFS 01281 Playground Inspection Report.

If you are ever alone with children on the playground, you must be able to summons another adult without leaving the children unattended.

When children are using the playground, they must have access to restrooms and drinking water.

Playground RecommendationsRecommendation: If your program is in a location which could be used by other children during the hours when you are not open, it is important to check the playground prior to use each day. Do not assume it will be in the same condition it was in when you previously left it.

Recommendation: Teaching children how to safely use the playground can cut down on accidents. Develop a list of rules that can be reviewed periodically, especially when a new child enrolls. Some suggestions include: Never push or pull others off of equipmentAlways go down the slide feet first and never climb up the slide Do not jump or climb outside of the guardrailsDo not take backpacks or toys onto climbing equipmentAlways sit on swings, dont stand or jump off of them Do not use wet or slippery equipment If your shoes are untied, either tie them or ask for help tying themNo eating or drinking unless sitting down in designated area Jump with your feet first and make sure no one is below you before jumping

Playground RulesChildren are required to participate in outside play every day, weather permitting. Each program is required to set their own policy regarding what weather conditions would prohibit outside play. On days when programs are unable to go outside due to weather conditions, indoor gross motor play is required to be provided.

Recommendation: Just as it is important for children to come prepared for outside play each day, it is also important that you come prepared, especially in colder weather. People are often under the mistaken impression that cold weather causes children to catch a cold. But, as long as children are appropriately dressed, getting fresh air and exercise is beneficial for children.

Meal and Snack Time

Healthy, nutritious meals and snacks are important to give children the energy they need to grow and learn.

Depending on the amount of time the children are at the program, they are required to receive certain meals and/or snacks which meet specific nutritional requirements.

The program is required to post currently dated menus reflecting all food served by the program at meal and snack time. Any changes must be documented on the menu.

Programs set their own policies regarding whether meals/snacks are provided by the program or by the parent/guardian.

Meal and Snack Time ContinuedIf the parent/guardian is responsible for providing a childs meal/snack, the programi s responsible for assuring the following: A safe storage area must be provided There must be supplemental food available and served which meets the nutritional requirements of the meal/snackWritten nutritional information regarding daily dietary allowances must be provided to parents and available at the program

If a child is on a modified diet, the following conditions apply: If an entire food group is eliminated, you must have written instructions on file from a physician,on the JFS 01217 Request for the Administration of Medication form.If a special diet is required due to cultural or religious reasons, the center must have written, dated and signed instructions from the parent/guardian. If a child is unable to drink the type of milk required for their age, a JFS 01217 Request for the Administration of Medication form must be completed.Meal and Snack Time ContinuedPreparing and serving food in a sanitary environment helps prevent food contamination and cuts down on the spread of communicable diseases.Food cannot be placed on bare tables, except that food for infants can be placed on an individual highchair tray if the tray is removed, washed and sanitized after each use.

All eating utensils and dishes should be suitable to the age and developmental level of the child.Surfaces, appliances and equipment in the kitchen and classrooms used for food preparation shall be kept clean and in good repair.

Cups, dishes and silverware must either be discarded or cleaned and sanitized after each use. Dishes, cups and silverware sent by the parent/guardian must be sent home for cleaning.Tables used for eating must be washed and sanitized before and after food is served.

Individual labeled containers of water can be used throughout the day but must be washed and sanitized before being used again on another day.

Meal/Snack RecommendationsRecommendation: You will play an important role in helping children develop good eating habits. Some tips to remember: Do not permit children to walk around while eating or drinking Do not serve children under three years old food cut in rounds hot dogs, grapes, carrotsServe children age appropriate servings and let them ask for more if they are still hungry, do not require them to eat everything on their plates Introduce new foods and encourage children to try new foods; if refused, try again in a few weeksDo not use food as a reward or punishment; you may not withhold foodEncourage children to talk and be social at meal time, giving them ample time to eat, do not make meal times rushed When age appropriate, have children help set up and clean up after meals

ResourcesMeals and Snackshttp://www.aap.orghttp://www.nal.usda.gov/childcare/Resources/choking.htmlhttp://www.mypyramid.gov

Playground SafetyCPSC Handbook for Playground Safetyhttp://www.playgroundsafety.orgSafe SleepHealthy Child Care America Back to Sleep - http://www.healthychildcare.org/sids.htmlCJ Foundation Educational Materials (some in Spanish) - http://www.cjsids.org/

General Safetyhttp://www.mysafehome.orghttp://www.cdc.gov/SafeChild/http://www.safekids.orghttp://www.healthykids.us/chapters/injury_pf.htm

Module Three Quiz