sb_energydifference_12recommendations 062011

8/3/2019 SB_energydifference_12recommendations 062011

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12 STEPS TO GETTING MORE EFFECTIVE, MORE EFFICIENT ENERGY R&D

The Energy Dierence

12 STEPS TO GETTING MORE

EFFECTIVE, MORE EFFICIENT

ENERGY R&D POLICY

Report of a Science|Business symposium

The Energy Dierence

Supported by


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Hosted by

Representation of the State ofBaden-Wrttemberg to the EU

Supported by

Words

David Pringle

Design

Peter Koekoek

Ed pdu

Gail Edmondson

Photography

Bernard De Keyzer

Science Business Publishing Ltd 2011

www.sciencebusiness.net

Figure 1 IEA data and analysis

Figure 2 Global Wind Energy Council (GWEC) and country submission

Figure 3 Country submissions, Kempener et al, 2010

At the rst in a series of three high-level academic policydebates on the energy R&D challenge, The Energy

D, twelve key ideas and recommendaons have

emerged to beer leverage Europes research potenal and

speed the development of new energy technologies.


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The Energy Dierence

The global energy system is changing. Governments around

the world are seng ambious targets to reduce carbon

emissions and shi to new sources of energy by 2050 to

avert climate change and develop a secure energy supply.

But will the billions of euros being channelled into energy

research and development actually deliver new technologies

and will the market embrace them? Only if policy makers

understand what makes energy R&D dierent and what

it will take to unlock a far-greater commitment by private

industry to co-fund energy innovaon.

On March 11, Science|Business held the rst in a series of

three high-level academic policy symposia focused on theenergy R&D challenge, The Energy Dierence. It addressed

the policy implicaons of the unique characteriscs of the

energy market. The aim of the series, which is supported by

BP, is to drive new thinking about how to speed new energy

technologies to market.

Most governments rely on the same policy toolkits for energy

R&D as they do for computers, drugs or missiles. Thats a

problem. Energy research is expensive, long-term and big-

scale. And despite the risk and big investments in innovave

new sources of energy, the nal product is a commodity, and

markets are highly regulated.

No maer how innovave the technology used to produce

energy, the end result is the same. Unlike a ground-breaking

semiconductor or soware applicaon, new energy sources

cant aract a premium without ubiquitous carbon pricing.

A new type of solar panel must produce electricity at a cost

that is compeve with the massive installed base of fossil

fuel plants.

Without greater promise of market take-up and nancial

reward, companies have lile incenve to pour billions into

new energy technologies. The market structure is skewed

against them. Its not simply a queson of rolling out a

technology and leng the market adopt it, Philip Lowe,

Director General for Energy at the European Commission, said

in a keynote presentaon at the symposium. The market

wont adopt it unless they have seen it reach levels of large-

scale operaon at a compeve cost.

This report summarizes the half-day of debate at the

symposium and 12 key ideas and recommendaons to make

energy R&D more eecve and to unlock the innovaonchain. While we quote some of our 40 roundtable guests in

this report, we do not wish to imply they endorse all or any

of the individual suggesons for change that we present

here. Our list of recommendaons emerged from their lively

engagement and the force of their ideas. The symposium took

place in Brussels, at the EU Representaon of the German

state of Baden-Wremberg.

This series of energy symposia is taking place at a crical

juncture. To execute its new Strategic Energy Technology (SET)

Plan, the European Commission will need to nd fresh resources

and channel them expertly. But public funds are scarce. AsPhilip Lowe, Director General for Energy at the European

Commission, acknowledged in a keynote presentaon, the

only thing missing from the SET Plan is where the money is

coming from. This report aims to help policy makers answer

that queson and the many others slowing the development

of low-carbon technologies and alternave energy.

12 STEPS TO GETTING MORE EFFECTIVE,

MORE EFFICIENT ENERGY R&D

The Energy Dierence

Report of a Science|Business symposium

Figure 1 Incremental total primary energy supply in CEM and the world, 2000-08


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The Energy Dierence

Part 1 Mastering the complexity

Adopt an integrated energy system modelling approach to inform the EU strategic choices

Develop a systems approach to R&D policy that targets supply, distribuon and demand

Conduct R&D on the best way to transion society to a more sustainable energy future

Part 2 Removing the unseen barriers to investment

Make carefully targeted intervenons to remove the specic barriers to each new

technology

Ensure that bureaucracy and overly complex rules do not block alternave energy opons

Engage the highest-levels of government on how to transion Europe to a more

sustainable energy economy

Set an appropriate price for carbon emissions in the European Union Emissions Trading

Scheme

Give the private sector as much regulatory certainty and clarity as possible

Part 3 Creang public-private partnerships that work

Encourage policy-makers, businesses and universies to work together to develop

naonal energy plans

Streamline and simplify the processes around EU support for energy R&D

Part 4 Finding new sources to fund energy R&D

Consider funding new energy technologies through more innovave nancial instruments,

such as debt-nancing and long-term venture capital

Focus the EU on R&D projects that are too big and too risky for naon-states or

companies, and enable the development of interconnected infrastructure and standards

CONTENTS

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TWELVE STEPS TO A MORE EFFECTIVE EU ENERGY R&D POLICYConclusions of the Science|Business symposium


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The Energy Dierence

Build an integrated energy system model for Europe through 2050

Building a comprehensive model for a transformed future energy economy is vital

to making the right R&D investments. It also gives private companies greater clarity

and incenve to pursue new technologies. Brish policy makers and industry

execuves at the UK Energy Technologies Instute (ETI) gained important insights

from a detailed modelling of the UK energy market which revealed, for example,

that biomass could be crical to meeng the countrys emission reducon goals.

The ETI, a partnership between internaonal companies and the UK governmentto accelerate the development of new energy technologies, is reviewing its

investment strategy to reect the model results.

Some 175 energy technologies and 20 major distribuon nodes were built into

the ETIs model, which started with the premise of 80% lower emissions by 2050

and worked backwards. A similar Europe-wide model could enable policy makers

to cut through the complexity and gure out which alternave sources of energy

to priorize. The European Commission has already started drawing a roadmap

to 2050 including an energy-migraon strategy, which should be completed by

year end. The next step would be connecng that strategy to detailed R&D in

the Commissions next, mul-annual funding iniave, the successor to the 7th

Framework Programme.

Idea

1

Part I Mastering the Complexity

The European energy market is tremendously complex. So

complex, in fact, that even experts dont fully understand how

it works. That makes it tough for policy makers to gure out

which levers will be the most eecve in achieving the EU goal

of reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 80 per cent between

1990 and 2050.

New energy technologies, parcularly those based on

renewables with inherent variability in supply, add to the

complexity and are likely to require new market mechanisms.

The design of these mechanisms will require considerable

research.


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The Energy Dierence

Develop a systems approach to R&D

Now that the EU has determined its energy technology priories, policy makers

should take a systems perspecve. That means considering how the power,

heat and transport sectors interact, and within this energy ecosystem, how the

supply, distribuon and demand factors interact. They then need to come up with

appropriate incenves and rules to move the whole system in the right direcon.

Systems thinking also requires policy-makers to implement energy policies in a

coherent way across all branches of government. On the demand side, for example,electricity regulators could do more to set taris and rules that encourage electricity

companies to tap new sources of energy, rather than just the cheapest. On the supply

side, governments may need to change their planning regulaons. Much more work

is required to address the demand side, which remains relavely unexplored in an

energy context.

From the symposium discussion:

Richard Templer, Hofmann Professor of Chemistry, and

D P Isu Susb B

Research at Imperial College London; Director of UK Co-

C Cm KIC, Eup Isu

I d T: Frankly Europe needs to raise

the level of investment and lower the bureaucrac hurdles

to trialing and implemenng new technologies.

Tim Foxon, UK Research Councils Academic Research

Fw Susb Rs Isu, Us

of Leeds: Policy makers need to consider carefully how the

forces of supply and demand interact. Although the early

decarbonisaon of the electricity sector, for example, is

key to enabling the deployment of low-emission electrictransport, the electricity sector has tradionally oered

low returns on investment, so there is lile incenve to

invest in risky R&D.

Cdu R&D bs w s s

energies

One of the biggest challenges faced by some low-carbon technologies is social

acceptance. Even so-called clean technologies face vocal opposion. In some

European countries, wind farms have been blocked by rural communies protesng

about the aesthec impact of towering turbines on the landscape. The commercial

deployment of promising new energy technologies in democrac countries risks

being delayed for years by public consultaon and legal wrangles over the locaon

of the necessary infrastructure. So, governments need to gure out how to convince

their cizens to accept the need for new energy sources.

Europe needs a clear and tangible vision of its energy future which cizens can

believe in and rally around. A comprehensive model would help overcome naonal

and local resistance to renewable energies. At present, cizens do not see a coherent

vision of Europes energy future, but a piecemeal view of an uncoordinated future.

Idea

2

Idea

3

Richard Templer, Imperial College London/EIT


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The Energy Dierence


Gerhard Stryi-Hipp, head of energy policy and group leader of

s m s d pps, Fu Isu

Solar Energy Systems: We dont just need R&D in technology. We

also have to do R&D on the transion itself, as it is a huge challenge

we face to have the transion of our energy systemwe have to

work on planning, risk scenarios, social acceptance and develop

business models to make this happen.

Gerhard Stryi-Hipp, Fraunhofer Instute for Solar Energy Systems


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Governments need to nd a way to channel limited public

funds into energy technologies that hold the greatest promise,

and, at the same me, encourage private industry to co-

invest. Leng governments pick winners is controversial.

Billions in taxpayer money has been wasted propping up

uncompeve industrial sectors or companies over the years.

But most experts believe some form of public sector intervenon

Mk u d s m sp bs d b pms

new technology

Although Europe is awash with grants and subsidies designed to encourage the development and usage of

renewable energy, these intervenons need to be much more precise and focused. In essence, public money

should be used to remove a clearly-dened and specic barrier, rather than to provide life-support to unviable

technologies.

Ideally, policy makers responsible for choosing which new technologies receive public funding should tap expert

knowledge from academia, research and business. One way the EU is aempng to do that is through the

European Instute of Innovaon and Technology, which is rolling out Knowledge and Innovaon Communies

(KICs) to bring together actors from R&D, industry and educaon. The KIC InnoEnergy, launched in December

2009, has projects running across a wide range of alternave energies.

Funded by the UK government, the Carbon Trust provides specialist support to business and the public sector to

help cut carbon emissions, save energy, and commercialise low-carbon technologies. It works to open markets forlow-carbon technologies, leads industry collaboraons to commercialise technologies, and invests in early-stage

low-carbon companies.

is the only way to make new sources of power compeve

with that generated by exisng fossil-fuel driven power plants.

Moreover, the complexity of the energy industry, combined

with the uncertainty surrounding many new technologies,

means that it is dicult to get clear signals from the market

about which new sources of power hold the most long-term

promise.

Idea

1

Part 2 Removing the unseen barriers to investment


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The Energy Dierence


Pu Jss, d p, BP up s d p

team: What many support mechanisms have failed to do is

to dierenate between the barriers dierent technologies

faceWe need to be more discriminang about the way

in which we deploy innovaon subsidies. Very highly-

targeted, dierenated technology accelerators can be fast

and cost-eecve.

Philip Lowe, Director General, DG Energy, European

Commission: Because of the catch-up need for investment,

it looks inevitable that governments will be tempted and will

be pushed by their industries into providing, at least in the

short-term, either some explicit subsidy, as in renewables,

or implicit subsidy, such as long-term regulated prices, to

suppliers in order for them to start invesng. But there

is a danger in the longer-term because if governments

repossess the control of the wholesale market in energy,

they will, in the end, kill the goose that is laying the golden

eggNormally speaking, when you have a market failureand you need to correct it, you do so by giving a short-term

window of support and then closing it when you believe

you are on the way to achieving the objecve.

K-Fd Z, m, Gm C-

C Kwd d I Cmmu (KIC)

InnoEnergy; and programme manager, renewable

s d , Ksu Isu Technology: We do work on photovoltaic panels, smart

grids, clean coal, on the convergence of nuclear and

renewable energies, on chemical fuels. We feel there is a

huge opportunity to secure energy from chemical fuels:

whether these chemical fuels are based on biomass,

we have the storage and the distribuon capacity for

chemical fuels all over Europe, as we have good exisng

infrastructure the gas grid, for example.

Philip Lowe, European Commission

Karl-Friedrich Ziegahn, Karlsruhe Instute of Technology


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The Energy Dierence


Reinhilde Veugelers, professor of economics at KU

Leuven and a research fellow at Bruegel: Europe isnt a

global leader in renewable energy research. The EU is not

a frontrunner, with the excepon of Germany, which is the

strongest player, along with the US and Japan. China and

Korea are making big jumps too, she said.

David Eyton, group head of research and technology

at BP: There is compeon between the major trading

blocks in the worldAnd I would characterise, to date,

the complexity of trying to do R&D under the European

Framework Programme as having been something of a

block for BP to invest.

Ensure that bureaucracy and a labyrinth of rules are not blocking investments in

R&D

One of the reasons that Europe lags behind the US and parts of Asia in the development of alternave energies

is the complexity of doing business in the EU. While alternave energy investors in Europe may need to navigate

their way through EU, naonal and regional regulaons, some Asian countries have a highly-centralised approach,

enabling the fast deployment of both demonstraon and commercial power plants. China is moving quickly to

deploy alternave energy technologies, enabling it to massively expand its wind power capacity, for example, in

the past three years.

Idea

2

Figure 2 China and Indias growth in wind power capacity

David Eyton, BP


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The Energy Dierence


Tom Kerr, senior energy analyst at the IEA: We need

to move away from the noon in this area that there

is this invisible hand of the market that will take care

of it, he said. Energy policy needs to be driven by

the highest levels of government and be based on a

strategic plan developed in partnership with business

sing as equals at the table.

S Z, pss u mms dsss, H-W Us: There is presently

insucient economic incenve to invest rapidly in the

technologies required for clean energy. This is because

the benets of such do not accrue to those required

to make the investments. The natural economic

mechanism is a suciently high carbon price, but

this, or other equivalent economic incenves, require

internaonal agreement, making it dicult to formulate

European policy without such agreement.

Psud s s m mp

energy R&D

Bringing about the massive changes required to transform the energy landscape

depends on presidents and prime ministers expending polical capital to champion

those changes. The Internaonal Energy Agency, for example, blames the slow progress

towards a low-carbon economy partly on a lack of polical leadership worldwide.

Idea

3

Set a higher price for carbon emissions in the European Unions Emis-

sion Trading Scheme

Launched in 2005, the European Union Emission Trading Scheme is designed to reduce

Europes use of fossil fuels by seng a cap on overall CO emissions. Under the scheme,

large emiers such as power plants and carbon-intensive factories must obtain permits

to emit each tonne of CO. Companies lacking sucient permits can either reduce

emissions or trade with other companies that have an excess allowance, seng a

market price for carbon. But the scheme has been cricised for handing out overly-

generous free permits, and seng emissions limits too high, resulng in the carbonprice being too low to encourage big emiers to switch to cleaner energy sources.

In addion, economic recession has reduced emissions, resulng in a lower carbon

market price than is needed to make many renewable energy sources cost compeve.

Responding to these cricisms, the EU lowered the ETS Phase II emissions cap by 6 per

cent for the trading period 2008-2012. The Commission is planning addional changes

with the launch of ETS Phase III in 2013, when 60% of the permits will be auconed,

compared with less than 4 per cent today.

Idea

4

Tom Kerr, IEA


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The Energy Dierence


Reinhilde Veugelers, professor of economics at KU

Leuven and a research fellow at Bruegel: The European

Union Emissions Trading Scheme is a ground-breaking

instrument. But the scheme needs to put a signicantly

higher price on carbon to incenvise more research.

The amount of money required for grants and

subsidies would be much smaller with a strong carbon

price.

Give the private sector as much certainty and clarity as possible

As it can take a decade to get a major new power plant up and running, energy

investors have to make long-term bets, which involve signicant risks. The higher

the risk, the greater the return investors expect. One of the most signicant risks

in the energy market is the danger that government policies will change, making

specic energy sources more or less compeve. For that reason, policy makers

need to make clear long-term commitments to alternave energy that will lower

the risks and the returns threshold for investment by the private sector.

Idea

5

Reinhilde Veugelers, KU Leuven/Bruegel


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The Energy Dierence



Commission:The Commissions roadmap to 2050 is designed

to give industry a clearer view of what lies ahead and reduce

uncertainty. Uncertaines both in Europe and globally have

meant that there has been an underinvestment both in

energy generaon and networks.

Gerhard Stryi-Hipp, head of energy policy and group leader

s m s d pps, Fu

Isu S E Ssms: World-class R&Drequires connuity in working on specic topics and can

only be achieved if R&D programmes are predictable and

dedicated to specic R&D topics. Stop-and-go support

policy and constantly changing priories inhibit Europes

R&D capacity.

Philip Lowe, European Commission


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The Energy Dierence

The EU Framework Research programme has been widely

cricised for creang unwieldy public-private consora. Will

the European Commissions Strategic Energy Technology Plan

take a smarter approach? The SET Plan envisions naonal

governments and companies teaming up in industry-led

consora (European Industrial Iniaves) to nance large-

scale demonstraon projects of next-generaon technologies

in solar energy, biofuels, wind energy, smart grids (including

energy storage technologies) and carbon capture and storage.Realiscally, given the crippling budget decits of many

European governments, the private sector, and in parcular


Luc Soete, director of UNU-MERIT and professor of inter-

ms Fu Ems d Bus-

ss Adms, Ms Us: Most of the re-

search outcomes have probably been realised rst outside of

Europe, despite the fact that the research was carried out inEurope. Developing countries, such as China, India and Bra-

zil, are sll building out their energy infrastructure, so their

energy policies are not as constrained as those in Europe by

large sunk costs.

large energy companies, will be vital to funding the SET Plans

ambious demonstraon projects. That puts an even larger

burden on policy makers to ensure that the new public-private

model ences industry.

For now, symposium parcipants noted, the energy R&D

landscape in Europe remains less aracve for private

companies than that in Asia and the US. Although many global

energy companies carry out large-scale research, experts saythey are invesng the lions share of that money outside the EU.

Part 3 Creang public-private partnerships that work

Luc Soete, UNU-MERIT/Maastricht University


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The Energy Dierence

Encourage policy makers and businesses to work together as

qus dp ps

Ambious new naonal energy plans developed without the knowledge and

experience of the private sector are unlikely to work. Governments need to nd

ways to movate companies to lend their experse and provide meaningful

input. Experts say the best way to do that is to treat business as an equal partner,

in non-bureaucrac structures, so interacons between the private and public

sectors are both fast and ecient.

Idea

1


Matjaz Malgaj, deputy head of cabinet for Janez

Pk, Cmmss Em, Eup-

an Commission: The SET plan is a response to the way

research is organized in the EU and its member states

which was not up to addressing the big energy chal-

lengeSET is a very open model. It is not a Soviet plan.It is based on cooperaon and compeon.

Streamline and simplify the processes around EU support for

energy R&D

One major obstacle for any new technology is aracng nancial backing

during the so-called valley of death between fundamental research and the

launch of commercial products. Experts say the EU, in parcular, doesnt have a

strong track record in commercialising its energy research. Entrepreneurs oen

complain that the connents venture capital industry is sub-scale and short-

term, while public money requires applicants to jump through lots of hoops and

comes with endless strings aached.

The Commission is trying to help tackle this perennial problem by bringing its

programmes supporng research and innovaon together under a Common

Strategic Framework, so that applicants for EU funding face less bureaucracy

and can nd support at each stage of the innovaon cycle. The EUs new SET Plan

and its cornerstone European Industrial Iniaves programme was designed

to address this problem and ensure innovave new energy technologies are

brought successfully from laboratory to market.

Idea

2

Matjaz Malgaj, European Commission


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The Energy Dierence

David Eyton, group head of research and

technology at BP: While Europe has made good

progress in some areas of energy research, such

as nuclear technology, the complexity of trying to

do R&D in Europe can be too great. It is highly

compeve in Americawhile the Chinese can

experiment at scale fairly cheaply and very quickly,so if you are looking for pace and cost-eecveness,

China is very compeve.

Gerhard Stryi-Hipp, head of energy policy and

group leader of solar thermal collectors and

pps, Fu Isu S

Energy Systems: Reduce the process me from

applicaon to the start of R&D projects. Innovaon

needs exibility and quick reacons. To develop

solid proposals for project applicaons needs me

and the process must be transparent and fair.

But sll there is room to accelerate the process

between proposal submission and project start.

The European Research Councils processes could

serve as an example.


Marie C. Donnelly, director of new and renewable ener-

s d , DG E, Eup Cmmss:

The Commissions research and innovaon programmes

are being streamlined and simplied to speed up the pro-

cess of securing funding. At the moment, you have to go

through three dierent programmes and this doesnt make

sense. We have to have connuity from blue-skies research

to delivery. However, it isnt the role of the public sector

to actually commercialize research.

Raymond Schonfeld, managing director Single Market

Ventures: The Key Enabling Technologies (KET) pro-

gramme of the European Commission, which contains

explicit linkages to the energy sector, has idened the

valley of death as potenally the most important single

obstacle to wide-ranging EU-level progress in advanced

technologies. Public policy has a role to play in what the

KET programme High-Level Group dened as bridging the

valley .

Marie C. Donnelly, European Commission

David Eyton, BP


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The Energy Dierence

Part 4 Finding new sources of funding for energy R&D

At a me when public money is in short supply, how will Europe

fund the R&D required to hit the EUs emission reducon

targets? The Internaonal Energy Agency esmates that $10

billion a year is currently spent on energy R&D worldwide by

governments and companies, but that gure needs to rise to

between $40 billion to $90 billion a year to hit the 2050 goals.

The agency believes governments will have to stump up about

half of this cash.

Europes SET Plan calls for an addional 50 billion to be

invested in R&D and related technology demonstraon over the

next decade. In its roadmap seng out how to achieve the 80%

goal, published in March 2011, the Commission argued that full

implementaon of SET is indispensable. But concrete funding

for the ambious plan has not yet materialised.

Figure 3 Pub spd wb RD&D (2010 USD m)


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The Energy Dierence


Lu S, d UNU-MERIT d pss m s Fu Ems d

Busss Adms, Ms Us: One of the specialisaons of Europe, one of our characteriscs, one of

our endowments, is the enormously large savings our ageing populaons are pung together, he, pointed out. Thank

God there is a need for a trillion dollars investment in energy infrastructure, which is beer than invesng in sub-prime

mortgages in the US. The fundamental challenge is: how do we re-allocate this huge amount of savings into investments?

Csd ud R&D u m

sums

Policy makers need to look beyond subsidies and grants to more

innovave nancial instruments, such as debt-nancing and long-

term venture capital, to support the development of alternave

energy. Such instruments could be used to harness a greater

proporon of the substanal savings of Europes ageing populaon.

Idea

1

Anil Sethi, CEO of Switzerlands Flisom, a start-up which

dps xb s ps: We are in clean energy and

venture capitalists dont really understand how to support

start-ups like oursIt is in commercializing the research

where [Europe] gets stuck.


Commission: The only thing missing from the SET plan is the

source of funding. We have a fairly good idea of where the

money is coming from for 2011 and 2012, but we have gotto go further than that to look see what kind of commitment

we can make beyond 2013...Im disappointed to see the

US, China and even India, on various indices, spending

more in some areas of energy research than the European

Union over the past few yearsThe SET plan needs to

aract, not just the very small amount of EU money (from

the Framework Programme), but also greater focus from

naonal research organisaons. I think that is possible, but

it remains a challenge, he added.

Anil Sethi, Flisom


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The Energy Dierence

Focus the EU on R&D projects that are too big and too risky for

individual member states or companies

How much energy R&D should be done at the EU level? Europes diverse geography

means that few alternave energy sources can be deployed across the connent.

While Denmark and Scotland might want EU funds devoted to R&D into improving

wind turbines, Greece and Portugal would probably prefer EU money to be spent

on nding ways to make solar panels more ecient. Moreover, some European

countries, notably Germany, are already carrying out their own large-scale R&D.

So, is it me for the EU to take a step back? The EU instuons could concentrate

solely on those projects that are too big and too risky to be undertaken by any

one country or company alone, such as nuclear R&D and carbon capture and

storage demonstraon projects, and those which enable the development of

interconnected infrastructure. EU policy makers should also look for opportunies

to harmonise policies around Europe and standardise key technologies, such as

power standards, to help generate scale and eciency. In this way, the EU could

help shape the alternave energy market in the same way it guided the early

development of the highly-successful GSM mobile phone networks.

One of the primary roles of EU policy makers is framing the big picture. The role of

the EU instuons is to draw up a clear policy framework that will give the energyindustry the long-term certainty and connuity it needs to invest in alternave

sources of energy, which can take decades to deploy.

Idea

2

Bruno Schmitz, head of unit, new and renewable energy

sus DG Rs d I, Eup

Commission: Successful EU intervenons under the SET

Plan include pushing for a step change in technological

development, for example, persuading the wind industryto shi o-shore. There are a number of issues that go

beyond what companies can do and this is what we would

like to put under the SET umbrella, he added. But we

need to nd money to fund some of these acvies or we

risk losing momentum.

Bruno Schmitz, European Commission

The next Energy Dierence symposium takes place June 28 in Brussels: The

E R&D Rdmp: T Cs Nx-G Bus. Send an email to

[email protected] if you would like a copy of the resulng report emailed to

you.


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The Energy Dierence

Greg Arrowsmith, Policy Ocer, European Renewable Energy Centres Agency

Henrik Bindslev,Chairman, European Energy Research Alliance; and Directorof the Naonal Laboratory for Sustainable Energy,

Technical University of DenmarkHoward Chase, Director, European Government Aairs, BP

Frank Convery, Heritage Trust Professor, Environmental Policy; and Director, Urban Instute Ireland, University College Dublin

Lauren Culver, Energy ocer, United States Mission to the European UnionWW

Tom De Rybel, Post-Doctoral Fellow, K.U. Leuven

Marie Donnelly, Director, New and Renewable Sources of Energy, Energy Eciency and Innovaon, DG Energy, European

Commission

Gail Edmondson, Editorial Director, Science|Business

David Eyton, Group Head, Research and Technology, BP

Tim Foxon, Research Councils UK Academic Research Fellow, Sustainability Research Instute, University of Leeds

Thomas Hringer, Deputy Director, Permanent Representaon of the State of Baden-Wremberg to the European Union

Meryl Hicks, Execuve Assistant to Group Head of Research and Technology, BP

Richard L. Hudson, CEO & Editor, Science|Business

Pu Jss, Head of Policy, BP Group Strategy and Policy Team, BP

Tom Kerr, Senior Energy Analyst, Internaonal Energy Agency; and author of recent book, Gaps in Clean Energy R&D

Hubert Lemmens, Chief Ocer, Grid Services, Elia Group; and Coordinator, European Wind Integraon Study

Philip Lowe, Director-General, DG Energy, European Commission

Matjaz Malgaj, Deputy Head, Cabinet of Janez Potonik, Commissioner for the Environment, European Commission

Francis McGowan, Senior Lecturer, Polics, Sussex Energy Group, University of Sussex

Andrew Mennear, Director, Polical Analysis & Trade, Group Strategy & Policy, BP

Joerg Nellen, EU Representave for Energy, German Aerospace Centre

David Pringle, Correspondent (and Rapporteur), Science|Business

Wiktor Raldow, Head of Unit, Energy Conversion and Distribuon Systems, DG Research, European Commission

Jens Rostrup-Nielsen, Member, Scienc Council, European Research Council Execuve Agency

Bruno Schmitz, Head of Unit New and Renewable Energy Resources, DG Research, European Commission

Raymond Schonfeld, Managing Director, Single Market Ventures

Koen Schoots, Researcher, Policy Studies Unit, Energy Research Centre of the Netherlands (ECN)

Anil Sethi, CEO, Flisom

Luc Soete, Director, UNU-MERIT; and Professor of Internaonal Economics, Faculty of Economics and Business Administraon,Maastricht University; and Member of the European Research Area Board

Robert Sorrell, Vice-President for Public Partnerships, Research & Technology, BP

Gerhard Stryi-Hipp, Head, Energy Policy, Fraunhofer Instute for Solar Energy Systems; and President of the European

Technology Plaorm on Renewable Heang and Cooling

Richard Templer, Hofmann Chair, Chemistry; and Director of the Porter Instute for Sustainable Bioenergy Research at Imperial

College London; Director of UK Co-locaon Centre for Climate KIC, European Instute of Innovaon and Technology

Sinan Tumer, Head of Internaonal Research Policy, SAP Research

Reinhilde Veugelers, Professor, Economics, KU Leuven; and Senior Fellow, Breugel

Stan Zachary, Professor, Department of Actuarial Mathemacs and Stascs, Heriot-Wa University

Nicolai Zarganis, Director, Danish Energy Agency; and Chairman of the Board, Nordic Energy Research

Karl-Friedrich Ziegahn, Programme Manager, Renewable Energies and Ecient Energy, Karlsruhe Instute of Technology; and

Chairman, KIC InnoEnergy, European Instute of Innovaon and Technology

The Energy Difference - Accelerating Energy Innovation

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P O L I C Y B R I D G E

The media network to bring fresh ideas into the European policy debate

A BRIDGE ACROSS THE GAP DIVIDING INDUSTRY, UNIVERSITY AND POLICY

An independent network for R&D investment

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