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Civics & Economics Final ProjectReview Book

This will count as 2 Test Grades. You may write/type the answers using your textbook, class notes, orreliable online sources. Check the items off the list as you complete them. Each page must have illustrations

to represent each topic.

Page 1: Cover - Includes title “C&E Review Book” (Including illustration)Page 2: Table of Contents

Unit 1: CITIZENSHIPPage 3: American Mosaic- define the term “American Mosaic” including information about immigration(incorporate a variety of demographics & backgrounds, must be illustrated)

Page 4: List and explain all of the duties and responsibilities of citizenship

Unit 2: FOUNDATIONS OF GOVERNMENTPage 5: Explain the concept and meaning of the phrase “no taxation without representation” w/illustration of topic

Page 6: The documents that influenced the U.S. Government (list and explain how they influenced ourgovernment; Magna Carta, Declaration of Independence, Articles of Confederation, Bill of Rights)

Page 7: The 6 goals of government as stated in the Preamble to the Constitution. (There are 6, you mustdefine and illustrate each principle)

Unit 3: CONSTITUTIONAL GOVERNMENTPage 8: Define- Checks & Balances, Separation of Powers, and Federalism (should include which thinkersinfluenced American government with these ideas) w/ illustrations

Page 9: The First Amendment (List freedoms and illustrate)Page 10: Explain the process used to amend the US Constitution (can create a chart to illustrate andexplain

Unit 4: LEGISLATIVE BRANCH (Congress)Page 11: Senate (Membership, requirements, leaders, powers)Page 12: The House of Representatives (Membership, requirements, leaders, and powers)Page 13: How a bill becomes a law--flowchart of the processPage 14: Define Interest group and lobbyist and explain their role in Congress

Unit 5: EXECUTIVE BRANCH (President)Page 15: Powers and Roles of the President--List & definePage 16: Diagram of the composition of the executive branch (Who is in it? Depts & the Cabinet)Page 17: Define and explain the electoral college

Unit 6: JUDICIAL BRANCH (Supreme Court)Page 18: Create a diagram of the Federal Court System (Lower court levels through the supreme courtincluding court jurisdictions

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Page 19: Create a diagram of the trial and appeals processPage 20: Define the following amendments: 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, and 14thPage 21: Research and the Marbury vs. Madison case and explain judicial review

Unit 7: STATE & LOCAL GOVERNMENTPage 22: Create a table of the 3 branches of local government, the responsibilities and powers of thosebranches, and an example for each

Unit 8: ECONOMICSPage 23: Major Economic Systems- Free market, Command, Mixed. Define each, bullet points in a tableformat may be usedPage 24: Supply & Demand- Create a scenario that uses supply & demand, and a graph that displays thatexamplePage 25: Define & Explain the 4 factors of production with a illustration for each

Discussion Questions:

1. Analyze and explain the relationship between the Enlightenment ideas of John Locke and the foundingideas of the United States as set forth in the Declaration of Independence, written by Thomas Jefferson. Inyour response, be sure to provide at least two examples of how Locke may have influenced Jefferson.

2. Explain how tensions between British governmental authority and the Americancolonists contributed to the American Revolution. Include a specific example inyour response.

3. Choose a North Carolina industry and explain its importance in the nationaleconomy. Include two examples of that industry’s global importance.

4. “No government can exist without taxation. This money must necessarily be levied on the people; andthe grand art consists of levying so as not to oppress.’ --Frederick the Great, 18-century Prussian king“The power of taxing people and their property is essential to the very existence ofgovernment.” -- James Madison, U.S. President

Take a position that argues for or against the point of view of these statesmen.Explain your position by providing one specific example that supports yourargument.

5. Establishing financial goals is an essential part of financial literacy. Explain howcareer and education can affect a person's financial future.

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C & EFINAL EXAM

REVIEW BOOK

Name: ______________Class/Period:_________

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Table of Contents

Page 3- UNIT 1: Citizenship Page 4- UNIT 2:Foundations of Govt

Page 5- UNIT 3:Constitutional Govt

Page 6: UNIT 4: LegislativeBranch

Page 7- UNIT 5: ExecutiveBranch

Page 8- UNIT 6: JudicialBranch

Page 9- UNIT 7: State &Local Govt

Page 10- UNIT 8:Economics

Page 11: DISCUSSION QUESTIONS

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UNIT 1: CITIZENSHIPPage 3: Define the term “American Mosaic” including information aboutimmigration (incorporate a variety of demographics & backgrounds, must beillustrated)American Mosaic: American culture is no longer a melting pot of immigrants andethnic backgrounds merging into one culture, but is now much more diverse andcelebrates multiculturalism where all cultures are represented and can be piecedtogether to create one big picture of American culture where each different “tile” orgroup is an essential part of the picture.

Page 4: List & explain all of the duties and responsibilities of citizenship● Work toward the common good: contribute to society, volunteer, run for office,

etc.● Vote: basic rights to vote for national & local representatives and on public

issues● Hold govt office: making a difference● Participate in election campaigns: to help candidates spread message & win

elections● Contact local & state reps with concerns- “Office of citizen”● Pay taxes & Obey laws● Register for Selective Service @ 18 (males, military draft)

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UNIT 2: FOUNDATIONS OF GOVERNMENT

Page 5: Explain the concept and meaning of the phrase “no taxation without representation” w/illustration of the topic“No taxation without representation” was the slogan used by colonists to express their outrage at theEnglish government for issuing and charging heavy taxes to the colonists without providing them witha voice in government (Parliament)

Page 6: The documents that influenced the U.S government (list & explain how they influenced ourgovernment; Magna Carta, Declaration of Independence, Articles of Confederation, Bill of Rights)

Document Influence on U.S.A

Magna Carta Limited power of central leader

Declaration of Independence Secured Americans’ natural rights (Life, liberty,pursuit of happiness (property)

Articles of Confederation Est. national legislature (Congress w/ powers todeclare war, make foreign treaties, & tradeagreements), helped to pave the way for USConstitution

Bill of Rights Est. certain individual rights & freedoms of thepeople

Page 7: The 6 goals of government as stated in the Preamble to the Constitution. (There are 6, youmust define and illustrate each principle)·        To Form a More Perfect Union: Unite all 13 states under one central government·        To Establish Justice: set up our legal system to handle disputes btwn people & bwtn states·        To Ensure Domestic Tranquility: peaceful, protected society·        To Provide for the Common Defense: est. military to protect country from foreign attacks·        To Promote the General Welfare: Creates conditions to benefit all Americans·        To Secure the Blessings of Liberty to Ourselves & Our Posterity: grants freedoms for us& future generations

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Unit 3: CONSTITUTIONAL GOVERNMENTPage 8: Define- Checks & Balances, Separation of Powers, and Federalism (should include whichthinkers influenced American government with these ideas) w/ illustrations

TERM DEFINITION THINKER PICTURE

Checks & Balances A system that giveseach branch ofgovernment ways tolimit the powers of theother two branches

Montesquieu

Separation ofPowers

Dividing of governmentpower amonglegislative, executive, &judicial branches

Montesquieu

Federalism The division of powersbetween the states andthe federal, nationalgovernment

Framers ofConstitution

Page 9: The First Amendment (List freedoms and illustrate)Guarantees freedom of religion, of speech, and of the press; the right to assemble peacefully, and theright to petition the government

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Page 10: Explain the process used to amend the US Constitution (can create a chart to illustrate andexplain Amendment Process: the way in which changes are added to the Constitution

Step 1 Step 2

Page 14: Define Interest group and lobbyist and explain their role in CongressInterest Groups: people who work together for similar interests or goals. Help gain support forcampaigns for Congress.Lobbyists: people who represent interest groups to gain support/oppose a bill

UNIT 5- EXECUTIVE BRANCHPage 15: Powers & Roles of the President--list & define

● Commander in Chief=makes important military decisions● Chief Diplomat=represents the US in foreign relations & policy● Chief Legislator=makes decisions in Congress in relation to domestic policy● Chief Executive=head of executive branch, executes laws● Guardian of the Economy=approves and addresses national budget● Chief of State=ceremonial duties (awarding medals, greeting citizens, etc)● Party Leader=Lead representative of his political party

Page 16: Diagram of the composition of the executive branch(who is in it? Depts &Cabinet)White House Staff: advisors & assistants to the President, speech writers, legal aids, etcVice President: can fill in for President in the event of his death, usually is almost invisible

Dept of State foreign policy, ambassadors, United Nations

Dept of Treasury federal taxes, IRS, postal stamps, coins

Dept of Defense military branches, bases, & weapons

Dept of Interior Nat’l parks, wildlife & natural resourceprotection

Dept of Agriculture farmer assistance, food stamps, school lunch

Dept of Justice FBI, enforces federal law, maintains fed prisons

Dept of Commerce census data, American business, trademarks &

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patents

Dept of Labor minimum wage, unemployment programs,working conditions, training

Dept of Health & Human Services Medicare, FDA, Public Health Services

Dept of Education assistance & standards for k-12 & colleges, equalopportunity education

Dept of Housing & Urban Development low income housing, community development

Dept of Transportation Maintains local & state highways, sets safetystandards

Dept of Energy Energy sources, conservation, alternative fuels,electricity

Dept of Veterans Affairs medical, educational, financial assistance tomilitary service men & women

Dept of Homeland Security Runs FEMA, provides secret service to Pres &VP, USCG, Customs

** Cabinet is comprised of the heads of these exec depts**

Page 17: Define & explain the electoral collegeElectoral College: Members of Congress acts as electors and cast their votes for President

● 538 electors - one vote for each--> majority = 270● Numbers of state votes are determined by population● Votes count to “carry” or “win” states for the candidate

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UNIT 6: JUDICIAL BRANCHPage 18: Create a diagram of the Federal Court system (lower court levels through thesupreme court including jurisdictions)

Page 19: Create a diagram of the trial and appeals process

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Page 20: Define the following amendments: 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, & 14th○ 4th: Protects people from unreasonable searches & seizures○ 5th: Guarantees that no one may be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due

process of law (habeas corpus, eminent domain, double jeopardy)○ 6th: Guarantees the right to a trial by jury in criminal cases (trial)○ 7th: Guarantees the right to a trial by jury in most civil cases (lawsuits, divorces)○ 14th: Granted former slaves US citizenship

Page 21: Research the Marbury vs. Madison (1803) case and explain judicial reviewBefore leaving office, President John Adams had promised William Marbury the position of justice ofthe peace of Washington, D.C. Official papers stating this were to be delivered before the end ofAdams’ term as President by Chief Justice John Marshall along with 58 others that John Adamsappointed before the end of his term to guarantee members of his political party would be in office.Thomas Jefferson was sworn into office before this could happen and he specifically asked JamesMadison (his Secretary of State) to not deliver those documents. Marbury sued James Madison askingthe Supreme Court to require him to deliver the papers, the Supreme Court had original jurisdiction inthis case because the Court has a right to review the constitutionality of executive acts under the ideaof checks & balances. The Supreme Court could not, however, issue this requirement to Madisonbecause the Judiciary Act of 1789 declared it unconstitutional. The Judiciary Act of 1789 and the USConstitution were in conflict with each other, thus the ruling established judicial review which allowsthe court to review previous precedents of the judicial branch and review the actions of both theexecutive & legislative branches. This also brought the Supreme Court up to being equal to the otherbranches

UNIT 7: STATE & LOCAL GOVERNMENTPage 22: Create a table of the 3 branches of local government, the responsibilities &powers of those branches, and an example for each.

LEGISLATIVE EXECUTIVE JUDICIAL

● NC General Assembly● Represent NC in US

Congress in D.C.● Represent

constituents whenvoting on bills &legislation

● Bills= same processas US Congress

● Senators: KayHagan/Richard Burr

● NC Reps: John Bell● US Senate Reps:

Walter Jones, GK

● Governor & Lt. Gov● Commands local NC

Nat’l guard● Prepares state

budget● Proposes new

laws,vetoes/signsbills

● can pardoncriminals

● Appoints certainstate officials

● Includes executivedepts (education,

● NC Supreme Court● Hear civil & criminal

cases● have both trial &

appellate courts● Judges & district

attorneys are elected● Rulings must abide

by federalConstitution

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Butterfield transportation, etc.)● Gov. Pat McCrory● Lt. Gov Dan Forest

Unit 8: PEOPLE & POLITICSPage 23. List the qualifications for voting. Explain how a person can register to vote.

Identify reasons why citizens fail to vote.18+, citizen, registered; register at DMV or board of elections; citizens do not care or are

uneducatedPage 24. Describe characteristics of both Republicans and Democrats. What is a Moderate?

Democrats: Democrats believe it is the responsibility of government to care for all individuals,even if it means giving up some individual rights and/or subordinating enterprise and initiative.Democrat Party push for the centralization of govt power in Washington D.C. Democrats favorfederal-level interventions that replace community-based solutions to community problems.Republicans: Republicans believe that each person is responsible for his or her own place in society.Government should enable each person the ability to secure the benefits of society for themselves,their families and for those who are unable to care for themselves.The Republican=limiting the government intervention Government should only intervene in specificcases where society cannot effectively act at the individual level. With the core belief that individualdestiny should be in the individual’s hands, governmental power and resources should be kept close tothe people, not centralized in distant federal government agencies.Moderates: Not on the extreme side of either party, but practice politics more in the center of bothDemocrats and Republicans.

Page 25. List and describe the 6 functions of political parties● Recruit & Nominate Candidates for Public Offices● Help candidates win elections● Set Party goals● Provide leadership● Act as Watchdog● Help citizens

Page 26. List ways Public Policy is influenced by INDIVIDUALS, INTEREST GROUPS, AND MEDIAIndividuals: can be involved in political campaigns and inform other citizens about

candidates, can become involved in political actions committees and initiativesInterest groups: can influence representatives and their votes, represent a larger

organizationMedia: can influence and persuade the public opinion with information about candidates

UNIT 9: ECONOMICSPage 27: Major economic systems- free market, Command, mixed. Define each, bullet points in atable format may be used.

FREE MARKET ECON COMMAND ECON MIXED ECON

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● Also known as freeenterprise

● Each individual decideswhat to produce, how toproduce it, who they sellit to, & how to investprofits of the sale

● Capitalism

● Govt leaders decidewhich goods & servicesare produced andavailable and how thosegoods/services will bedistributed

● Farms, stores, banks,transportation, etc= govtcontrolled

● Communism

● Blend elements oftraditional, market, &command economies

● Traditional= decisionsbased on what ancestorshave done

● Ex: China, USA

Page 28: Supply & Demand- Create a scenario that uses supply & demand, and a graph that displays thatexampleStrawberries are currently in season and in high demand. The market price for strawberries is $3.00 a basketand producers/farmers are providing about 1,000 baskets. Consumers are demanding 1000 baskets

Page 29: Define & Explain the 4 factors of production with a illustration for each

Land: where business/factory is locatedLabor: employees/workersCapital: tools used in business & investmentsEntrepreneurship: owner of business

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Discussion Questions:

1. Analyze and explain the relationship between the Enlightenment ideas of John Locke and the foundingideas of the United States as set forth in the Declaration of Independence, written by Thomas Jefferson. Inyour response, be sure to provide at least two examples of how Locke may have influenced Jefferson.

2. Explain how tensions between British governmental authority and the Americancolonists contributed to the American Revolution. Include a specific example inyour response.

3. Choose a North Carolina industry and explain its importance in the nationaleconomy. Include two examples of that industry’s global importance.

4. “No government can exist without taxation. This money must necessarily be levied on the people; andthe grand art consists of levying so as not to oppress.’ --Frederick the Great, 18-century Prussian king“The power of taxing people and their property is essential to the very existence ofgovernment.” -- James Madison, U.S. President

Take a position that argues for or against the point of view of these statesmen.Explain your position by providing one specific example that supports yourargument.

5. Establishing financial goals is an essential part of financial literacy. Explain howcareer and education can affect a person's financial future.