reversna logistika

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7/23/2019 reversna logistika http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/reversna-logistika 1/13 INTERNACIONALNI UNIVERZITET TRAVNIK SAOBRAĆAJNI FAKULTET REVERSNA LOGISTIKA Seminarski rad Student: Sinia !"rdi#$ S%&'()*%I +redmet: Osn",i me-ani.a/i0e 1ret",ara +r"2es"r: 3"/4 dr s/4 3anis5a, 3rak",i# Asistent: Samed Orman",i# Akademska 6"dina: 7&)8()'

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INTERNACIONALNI UNIVERZITET TRAVNIK 

SAOBRAĆAJNI FAKULTET

REVERSNA LOGISTIKA

Seminarski rad

Student: Sinia !"rdi#$ S%&'()*%I+redmet: Osn",i me-ani.a/i0e 1ret",ara

+r"2es"r: 3"/4 dr s/4 3anis5a, 3rak",i#

Asistent: Samed Orman",i#

Akademska 6"dina: 7&)8()'

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1. Uvod

+"red rea5i.a/i0e t"k",a materi0a5a usm0ereni- 5an/ima sna9d0e,an0a ka 1"s5",ni- sistemima$

.adatak 5"6istike m"e 9iti i da u1ra,50a,a t"k",ima materi0a5a su1r"tn" "r0entisanim u "dn"suna te 5an/e4 U t"m s5u;a0u m"e se 6","riti " re,ersn"0 <1",ratn"0$ in,er.n"0= 5"6isti/i4

Re,ersna 5"6istika 0e 1"dsitem 5"6istike 1"s5",n"6 sistema k"0a u1ra,50a t"k",ima materi0a5a

una.ad$ 1rema d"9a,50a;ima i(i5i 1r"i.,"d0a;ima4 Z9"6 t"6a 0e ,an"$ nar";it" .a neke ,rste

 1"s5",ni- sistema$ da i ",a0 se6ment 5"6istike 9ude us10en" "r6ani.",an i da 9ude u 2unk/i0i

us10en"6 1"s5",an0a4

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2. Oblasti sistema reversne logistie

+"st"0i ,ie 1"dru;0a i ,ie ,rsta t"k",a materi0a5a .a ;i0u rea5i.a/i0u 0e ne"1-"dn" 1"st"0an0ed"9r" "r6ani.",ani- re,er.ni- 5"6isti;ki- 1r"/esa i 2unk/i0a <Ta94 )=4

Ta94 )4 O95asti "r6ani.",an0a re,er.ne 5"6istike!odr"#$a organi%ovan$a Obra%lo&en$e

+",ratak 1r"i.,"da k"0i se .amen0u0u i5i ,ra#a0au <u. 1",ra#a0 n",/a=4

K"risnik <ku1a/= m"e ,ratiti artika5 k"0i neis1un0a,a n0e6",a ";eki,an0a$ u. 1",ra#a0n",/a4

+",ratak na "sn",u isteka <kratk"r";n"6 i5idu6"r";n"6= na0ma4

Artik5i m"6u 9iti i.na0m50eni$ te nak"nisteka na0ma ,ra#eni4

+",ratka 1r"i.,"da is1"ru;i"/u u 1"stu1kurek5ama/i0e4

+r"i.,"di u 6arantn"m r"ku m"6u 9iti,ra#eni is1"ru;i"/u radi "tk5an0an0aned"stataka4

+",ratak artik5a 1r"i.,"d0a;u radi 1"1ra,ke i5i

 1"n",ne i.rade 9itn"6 de5a4

+r"i.,"di m"6u 9iti rem"nt",ani "d strane

 1r"i.,"d0a;a i 1"n"," 1r"da,ani4+",ratak am9a5ae4 Am9a5aa se ,ra#a is1"ru;i"/i ak" 0e u

reimu 1",ratne am9a5ae4+",ratak r"9e k"0a 0e 9i5a 1redmet k"misi"ne 1r"da0e Ak" k"misi"na r"na ni0e 1r"data ,ra#a se

is1"ru;i"/u$ ,5asniku4

3"sta,a .amen0en"6 1r"i.,"da kada 0e 1r"dat n",i4+r"i.,"di se m"6u 1r"da,ati 1" reimu>star" .a n","> 1a se stari 1r"i.,"d m"ra,ratiti is1"ru;i"/u4

3"sta,a 1r"i.,"da na d"radu4Ku1a/ m"e ,ratiti artika5 k"0i se m"ed"rad0i,ati i5i u k"0i se m"6 u6rad0i,ati n",ek"m1"nente i "1rema4

+",ratak 1r"i.,"da4 +r"i.,"d m"e 9iti ,ra#en ak" 0eneis1ra,an4

+",ratak 1r"i.,"da .9"6 neis1un0s,an0a dek5arisani i6aran/i0ski- us5",a4

+r"i.,"d m"e 9iti ,ra#en ak" ne is1un0a,a"9e#an0a is1"ru;i"/a4

+",rata isk"ri#eni- 1r"i.,"da i5i "1reme radire/ik5ae4

Isk"ri#eni artik5i m"6u se ,ratiti radire/ik5ae i 2"rmiran0a sekundarni- sir",ina4

K50u;na 1"dru;0a re,er.ne 5"6istike su povratak nekorišćenih proizvoda od strane korisnika,

 povratak upotrebljivanih artikala, povratak materijala zbog reciklaže, povratak preradjenih

 proizvoda, povrata ambalaže i sl 4 Oni 1ri1ada0u "95asti re,er.ne 5"6istike4

Re,er.ni 5"6isti;ki t"k",i m"6u imati sopstvene logističke kanale 1ri5a6"d0en0e karakteristikamasam"6 t"ka4 U nekim situa/i0ama kana5i re,er.ne 5"6istike m"6u 9iti 1"dadurni sa kana5imasna9de,an0a$ a5i suprotno orjentisani4 Ka" i t"k",i sna9de,an0a$ re,er.ni 5"6isti;ki t"k",i sadreu"9i;a0ene 5"6isti;ke 2unk/i0e <trans1"rt$ sk5aditen0e=$ a5i i neke 2unk/i0e k"0e su s1e/i2i;n"stsam"6 in,er.n"6 t"ka4

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2.1. Logistia ot'ada

K5asi;ne 5"6isti;ke strukture 9i5e su "r6ani.",ane u 2unk/i0i st,aran0a n",e ,redn"sti 1redu.e#a4Odn"si5e su se na 5"6istiku na9a,ke$ 5"6istiku 1r"i.,"dn0e i 5"6istiku distri9u/i0e4 Se6ment

5"6istike k"0i se "dn"si na 1"se9an tretman "t1adni- materi0a5a d"9i0a na .na;a0u 1r"m",isan0em 1rin/i1a održivog razvoja i zaštite životne sredine4 Na1"red" sa 1r"m",isan0em ",i-uni,er.a5ni- 1rin/i1a ra.,i0a5a se i n"rmati,na re6u5ati,a na ra.5i;itim ni,"ima <5"ka5nim$na/i"na5nim$ med0unar"dnim= k"0a 0e 2"rma5n" u"95i;a,a5a na;ine s1r","d0en0a ",i- 1rin/i1a4S1".na0a " ek"n"mskim e2ektima adek,at"6 tretmana "t1adni- materi0a$ na,edeni uni,er.a5ni 1rin/i1i i n"rmati,n" ured0en0e d"1rine5i su nastanku k"n/e1/i0e i ekonomije kružnog toka

materijala4 S,e 0e t" d"1rine5" da se danas 5"6istika "t1adni- materi0a5a s-,ata ka" oblast koja je

neophodna u s,im d"menima 2unk/i"nisan0a drut,a4

Osn",ni 1"stu1ak sa "t1adim materi0a5ima "dn"si se na n0i-",u ponovno korišćenje <re/ik5aau=

i5i trajno zbrinjavanje otpada k"0i se$ sa d"sti6nutim ste1en"m te-n"5"k"6 ra.,"0a$ ne m"e 1"n"," k"ristiti4 Kada 0e u 1itan0u re/ik5iran0e$ 1"stu1ak sadri nek"5ik" k"raka:• saku150an0e "t1adn"6 materi0a5a <sa mesta 6de se 1ri,remen" na6"mi5a,a= i n0e6",a

d"sta,a na mesta re/ik5ae?•  1r"/esiran0e re/ik5an"6 materi0a5a u sekundarne sir",ine?• k"ri#en0e sekundarni- sir",ina <1ri i.radi n",i- 1r"i.,"da=4

O,e 1r"/ese$ u ra.5i;itim "95i/ima$ "r6ani.u0u ra.5i;iti su90ekti <na1rimer: 6radske u1ra,e$ 1"s5",ni sistemi u "k,iru s"1st,ene de5atn"sti$ s1e/i0a5i.",ani 1"s5",ni sistemi i s54=4 @est" 0ek"m15ik",ani0e "r6ani.",ati e2ikasan sistem 5"6istike "t1adni- materi0a5a ne6" sitem n0i-",e 1rerade i k"ri#en0a4

Opšta struktura kanala logistike otpada sadri nek"5ik" 2akt"ra:• saku150an0e "t1ada <saku150a materi0a5e k"0i su u 1r"6ramu re/ik5ae=?•  1rerad0i,an0e "t1ada <se5ekt",an0e%s"rtiran0e "t1ada u "d6",ara0u#e 6ru1e$ na1rimer:

stak5"$ 1a1ir$ a5umini0um$ 444=?•  1rerada "t1adn"6 materi0a5a u sekundarnu sir",inu <na1rimer$ usitn0a,an0e 15astike=?• d"sta,a sekundarne sir",ine <1ri1rem50en"6 "t1ada= k"risni/ima%1r"i.,"d0a;ima <k"0i

sekundarne sisr",ine$ .a0edn" sa 1rimarnim sisr",inama k"riste .a n",u 1r"i.,"dn0uartika5a=4

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I

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Osnovna proizvodnja SkladištenjeZalihe

P

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SortiranjePreradaUpotreba za proizvodnju

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I – isporučilac sirovina ko!ponenti P – prodaja K – korisnik " # transort

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.

 S  ak  u pl   an j   e 

S5ika )4 Kana5i 5"6istike i 5"6istike "t1ada

 Na;in "r6ani.",an0a 1"0edini- akti,n"sti i 1r"/esa u kana5ima 5"6istike "t1ada .a,isi "dk"nkretni- us5",a4 +riku150an0e "t1ada m"e 9iti 1",eren" s1e/i0a5i.",an"m 1redu.e#u i5i m"e 9iti "9a,50en" s"1stt,enim an6a",an0em4

+"red n"rmati,ni- us5",a$ u sistem 5"6istike "t1ada m"6u 9iti uk50u;eni i ra.5i;iti "95i/i 1"dsti/a0a4

2.2. Logistia vra(eni) novi) 'roi%voda

 Nek"ri#eni 1r"i.,"di m"6u 9iti ,ra#eni is1"ru;i"/u "d strane ku1/a 1" ,ie "sn",a4 Ku150eni 1r"i.,"d m"e 9iti ,ra#en ka" neželjen a5i nek"ri#en4 U t"m s5u;a0u kana5 k"0im se ,ra#a 1r"i.,"d 0e ,e"ma 0edn"sta,an <"d ku1/a d" 1r"da,/a=4

Ku1/i tak"d0e ,ra#a0u 1r"i.,"de .9"6 n0i-",i- nedostataka$ "dn"sn" 6reaka i5i "te#en0a4 Tak,i 1r"i.,"di se ,ra#a0u kana5"m sna9de,an0a u su1r"tn"m smeru$ d" mesta 6de 0e na1ra,50en""te#en0e na 1r"i.,"du$ "dn"sn" d" 1r"i.,"d0a;a ak" 0e u 1itan0u 6reka u 1r"i.,"dn0i4

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2.*. Logistia vra(eni) ori+(eni) 'roi%voda

 Neki 1r"i.,"di se m"6u ,ratiti 1r"i.,"d0a;u <1rek" is1"ru;i"/a= 1"s5e n0i-",6 korišćenja4Ra.5"6 t"me 0e m"6u#n"st da 1r"i.,"d0a;%1rerad0i,a; 1"n"," m"e da k"risti "sn",u$ "dn"sn"

 0e.6r" 1r"i.,"da4 L"6isti;ki kana5 se "9ra.u0e$ u .a,isn"sti "d karakteristika 1r"i.,"da$ nara.5i;ite na;ine4 Ce" sistem se .asni,a na de2inisanim 1"dsti/a0ima u;esni/ima u 5an/usna9de,an0a4

2.,. Logistia 'ovratne ambala&e

Am9a5aa 0e 1r"i.,"d na1ra,50en "d materi0a5a ra.5i;iti- karakteristika$ k"0i s5ui .a smeta0$;u,an0e$ is1"ruku$ ruk",an0e$ .atitu$ 1r"m"/i0u i dru6e 2unk/i0e u "dn"su na 1r"i.,"d4Am9a5aa se m"e k"ristiti 0edn"kratn" <sam" 0edan1ut= i tada 0e re; " ne1",ratn"0 am9a5ai$ i5i,ie 1uta 1a 0e u 1itan0u povratna ambalaža4

 Ne1",ratna am9a5aa <i 1",ratna k"0a ,ie ni0e .a u1"tra9u=$ ka" ambalažni otpad  ima tretman usk5adu sa 1ra,i5ima " u1"tre9i i re/ik5ai "t1adni- materi0a5a i 5"6istik"m "t1ada4 L"6isti;kikana5i 1",ratne am9a5ae su$ "9i;n"$ su1r"tn" "r0entisani u "dn"su na kana5e sna9de,an0a4 

*. Obliovan$e sistema reversne logistie

Sistemi re,er.ne 5"6istike re.u5tat su$ u sutini$ 1"tre9e .atite i,"tne sredine i rea5i.a/i0ek"n/e1ta "dri,"sti4 Z9"6 t"6a 1"s5",ni sistemi m"6u imati ra.5i;ite 1"dsti/a0e .a strukturiran0e",i- sistema k"0i su e2ikasni4 +"red t"6a m"6u 9iti 1risutni i ditrektni 2inansi0ski e2ekti k"0id"darn" stimu5iu ra.,"0 ",e "95asti4 Z9"6 t"6a se ek"n"mi0a tretmana "t1ada i sekundarni-sir",ina 9r." iri4

-atori sistema reversne logistie

 Na sistem re,er.ne 5"6istike 1"s5",n"6 sistema uti;e ,e#i 9r"0 2akt"ra i. "kruen0a4 Nek"5ik"n0i- su k50u;ni:

• dra,a <dra,ne institu/i0e$ a6en/i0e=$• ku1/i$• d"9a,50a;i$• k"nkuren/i0a4

 Država, 1rek" s,"0i- institu/i0a$ uti;e na karakteristike re,er.ne 5"6istike 1utem re6u5at"rni-mera4 3ra,a "90edin0u0e interse ra.5i;iti- .ainteres",ani- strana i "95iku0e i- 1rek" ra.5i;iti-,rsta 1r"1isa$ n"rmi$ standarda$ 1"dsti/a0a i re1resi,ni- mera4

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Reversna logistika preduz

$r%ava

$obavljači

Konkurencija

Okru%enje

S5ika 74 Osn",ni 2akt"ri iti/a0a na re,ersnu 5"6istiku

 Kupci i dobavljači u;est,u0u u 5an/ima sna9de,an0a 1"s5",n"6 sistema4 Z9"6 t"6a m"6u 9iti 0edna "d karika kana5a re,er.ne 5"6istike4 Z9"6 t"6a se m"ra0u imati u ,idu i n0i-",i .a-te,i iinteresi4

Ak" 1"s5",ni sistem e5i 1"9"50ati i5i .adrati trinu 1".i/i0u m"ra da "9rati 1an0u nakonkurenciju i n0en" 1"naan0e u ra.5i;itim "95astima$ 1a i u d"menu re,er.ne 5"6istike4 Uk"5ik"ku1/i i5i d"9a,50a;i nisu .ad","50ni 1raks"m i reen0ima re,er.ne 5"6istike 1"s5",n"6 sistema$"ni m"6u traiti 9"50u s"s1st,enu 1".i/i0u k"d k"nkuren/i0e4

-a%e ra%vo$a reversne logistie

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+ri im15ementa/i0i re,es.ne 5"6istike 1"s5",ni sistemi 1r"5a.e kr". nek"5ik" razvojnih faza4 Fa.ese ra.5iku0u 1rema ni,"u 1ri-,atan0a$ im15ementa/i0e$ ra.,"0a "95ik",an0a "sn",ni- 1rin/i1a iakti,n"sti re,er.ne 5"6istike4 "6u se identi2ik",ati ka reakti,na 2a.a$ 1r"akti,na 2a.a i 2a.a"9e.9ed0en0a k"risti4

+r,a 2a.a 0e reaktivna4 T" 0e 2a.a reak/i0a 1redu.e#a na dra,nu re6u5ati,u i standarde4 U "k,irun0e 1redu.e#a sam" 1rimen0u0u <.a n0i- nametnute= n"rme i standarde$ 9e. akti,n"6u;est,",an0a u sistemu .a 1",e#an0e 1redn"sti u d"menu "dri,"6 ra.,"0a$ .atiti i,"tnesredine i 5"6istike 1",ratni- materi0a5a4

3ru6a ra.,"0na 2a.a 0e proaktivna4 +redu.e#a dru6e 2a.e u,"de ,5astite 1r"6rame k"0i se "dn"sena "dri,"st$ .atitu i,"tne sredine$ krun" kretan0e materi0a5a i re,er.nu 5"6istiku4 Tima "na 1"kua,a0u "9e.9editi k"nkurentn"st na tritu$ "95iku0u#i na1redni0e 1r"6rame 5"6istike

 1",ratni- materi0a5a i akti,n"6 "dn"sa 1rema "kruen0u4

Tre#a 2a.a 1"dra.ume,a traženje koristi4 +"s5",ni sistemi trae s1e/i2i;ne 1redn"sti i u6rad0u0uakti,n"sti "dri,"sti i ek"5"6i0e u 1"s5",nu 1raksu4 Te akti,n"sti i standardi se u6rad0u0u ustrateke 15an",e i 1"sta0u 1raksa u "1erati,n"m de5",an0u4

-ormiran$e sistema reversne logistie

Za k"0u 2a.u #e se 1"s5",ni sistem "d5u;iti .a,isi "d spoljnih i unutrašnjih faktora <S54 )74=4S1"50ni 2akt"ri se "dn"se na .ak"nsku re6u5ati,u i .a-te,e ku1a/a4 T" 1"dra.ume,a da sua6resi,ni0i 1r"6rami re,er.ne 5"6istike us5",50eni str"i0"m .ak"nsk"m re6u5ati,"m iinten.i,ni0im .a-te,ima ku1a/a u "dn"su na 1r"i.,"de k"0i su 1"6"dni0i 1rema .a-te,ima"dri,"sti i uti/a0a na i,"tnu sredinu4 Unutran0i 2akt"ri$ k"0i m"6u "6rani;a,ati rea5i.a/i0ure,er.ne 5"6istike$ "dn"se se na k,a5itet u5a.a <in1ute=$ 1"drku ,-",n"6 menadmenta$,ertika5nu k""rdina/i0u i$ u"1te$ na "r6ani.a/i0ske s1"s"9n"sti 1redu.e#a4

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i

S5ika 4 Fakt"ri us10en"sti re,ersne 5"6istike 1redu.e#a

K50u;ni 1"kreta;i i "6rani;en0a 1"ka.u0u da 5i 0e 1redu.e#e$ reakti,n"$ 1r"akti,n" i5i nast"0i"9e.9editi k"rist im15ementa/i0"m "d6",ara0u#e6 sistema re,er.ne 5"6istike4 Kada se 1redu.e#e"1rede5i .a 2a.u$ "dn"sn" .a ni," "dn"sa 1rema .atiti i,"tne sredine$ "nda 0e ne"1-"dn"s5editi 5"6i;ki 1"stu1ak u,"d0en0a$ di.a0na i 1rimene t"6 sistema4 O9i;n" se$ 1r,"$ 2"rmira timk"0i 1"mae u n0e6","m di.a0niran0u i e2ikasn"0 im15ementa/i04 +r,i .adatak tima 0e ana5i.astan0a 1"s5",a .atite i,"tne sredine i re,er.ne 5"6istike 1redu.e#a4 Na 9a.i d"9i0eni- re.u5tatade2iniu se makr" /i50e,i i strate6i0a ra.,"0a i de5",an0a u "dred0enim "95astima4 Nak"n t"6a

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tre9a "drediti /i50e,e k"0i 1r"i.i5a.e i. 1rimene ut,rd0ene strate6i0e$ k50u;ne 2akt"re us1e-a$ ni,"ere.u5tata k"0e tre9a d"sti#i i dinamiku n0i-",e rea5i.a/i0e4 Im15ementa/i0u strate6i0e tre9a da 1rati 1ermanentn" meren0e d"sti6nuti- re.u5tata i "st,aren0e na1retka$ 1"red0en0e sa de2inisanim/i50e,ima i 1redu.iman0e k"rekti,ni- mera4 Tre9a imati u ,idu da 0e upravljanje sistemom

reverzne logistike sastavni deo integrisanog sistema menadžmenta preduzeća4

+ri 2"rmiran0u i "r6ani.",an0u 2unk/i"nisan0a sistema re,er.ne 5"6istike$ 1"se9n" 5"6istike"t1adni- materi0a5a$ ne"1-"dna 0e rea5i.a/i0a ni.a akti,n"sti:

• u1".na,an0e sa na/i"na5n"m i med0unar"dn"m re6u5ati,"m?•  1riku150an0e d"kumenta/i0e i ana5i.a karakteristika 1",ratn"6 materi0a5a?• ut,rd0i,an0e strukture 1",ratn"6 materi0a5a <1" mestu$ ,remenu$ k"5i;ini i inten.itetu

 1"0a,e=?• i.rada 1r"/edura$ u1utsta,a i 1ra,i5nika " ruk",an0u 1",ratnim materi0a5ima?• ut,rd0i,an0e s,i- mesta$ ta;aka trans2era i trans2"rma/i0e 1",ratni- materi0a5a?• ra.,rsta,an0e t"k",a 1",ratni- materi0a5a 1rema inten.itetu$ ,remenu i u;estan"sti

 1"0a,e?• identi2ika/i0a i de2inisan0e ka1a/iteta te-n"5"ki- e5emenata u sistemu i kana5ima

5"6istike 1",ratka?• de2inisan0e .a-te,a .a 1"tre9nim in2"rma/i0ama u sistemu re,er.ne 5"6istike?• "r6ani.",an0e saradn0e$ k""1era/i0e i dru6i- 1"s5",ni- "dn"sa sa u;esni/ima u 5an/u

 1",ratn"6 materi0a5a?• i td4

Rea5i.a/i0a na,edeni- i dru6i-a akti,n"sti i 1"s5",a sta5ni 0e .adatak$ 1"se9n" sa as1ektan0i-","6 una1red0en0a i in",iran0a4

,. Osnovne "n/i$e sistema reversne logistie

Osn",ne 2unk/i0e k"0e m"6u 9iti .astu150ene u sistemu i 5an/ima re,ersne 5"6istike "dn"se se nau"9i;a0ene 5"6isti;ke akti,n"sti: trans1"rt$ sk5aditen0e$ 1ret",ar$ 444 ed0utim$ u ra.5i;itimsistua/i0ama te 2unk/i0e m"6u imati ra.5i;it .na;a0$ u .a,isn"sti "d s1e/i2i;n"sti materi0a5a ikana5a ","6 se6menta 5"6istike4

Trans'ort

Trans1"rt ka" 1"dsitem re,er.ne 5"6istike$ nar";it" u 5"6isti/i "t1adni- materi0a5a$ karakterieni. specifičnosti k"0e su 1"s50edi/a 1"se9ni- .a-t0e,a i karakteristika trans1"rt",ani- materi0a5a4S1e/i2i;n"sti 1r"i.i5a.e i. nek"5ik" 2akt"ra: ne-"m"6en"st materi0a5a$ ma5e mase i 6ustinemateri0a5a$ 1",e#an"6 ri.ika "d ne6ati,ni- uti/a0a na "kruen0e$ 1",e#ane ,er",atn"#e 1ra.ni- 1",ratni- ,"n0i$ sman0en0a isk"ri#en"sti ka1a/iteta ,".i5a$ 1"se9ni- .a-te,a u "dn"su na.atitu i,"tne sredine i 9e.9edn"sti u sa"9ra#a0u i s54

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U 5"6isti/i 1",ratni- materi0a5a$ ni,"u us5u6e k"0i 1rua na;in 1re,".a 1"s,e#u0e se ne.natna 1an0a4 Tr"ak 0e 2akt"r na "sn",u k"6a se na0;e#e "d5u;u0e " trans1"rtu4 Cena trans1"rta"t1adni- i 1",ratni- materi0a5a m"e ;est" m"e 9iti ,e#a "d n0i-",e ,redn"sti$ ;ime se 1"nita,a 9i5" kaka, 2inansi0ski e2ekat k"0i 1r"6ram nudi4 Time se$ "d strane 1redu.e#a$ 6u9i 9i5" kak,a m"ti,a/i0a .a im15ementa/i0u sistema re,er.ne 5"6istike4 Z9"6 t"6a "d5uke k"0e se

"dn"se na trans1"rt 1"sta0u k50u;ne .a 1r"6rame "t1adni- materi0a5a i n0i-",e 1"n",ne u1"tre9e4

Trans1"rt 5"6istike 1",ratni- "t1adni- materi0a5a na0;e#e 0e "r6ani.",an po fazama tretmana

<sku150an0a= "t1ada4 L"ka5nim trans1"rt"m "9.9ed0u0u se k"n/etra/i0a ,e#i- k"5i;ina materi0a5a<1"sredst,"m didtri9uti,ni- /entara$ trans2er stani/a=4 3a50inski trans1"rt"m rea5i.u0e se trans2er ,e#i- k"5i;ina materi0a5a d" mesta kra0n0e6 "1rede50en0a4 U tak,"m trans1"rtu 1rimen0u0u se 0e,tini0i i ka1a/iti,ni0i ,id",i trans1"rta$ ka" t" 0e e5e.ni/a4

Sladi+ten$e

Funk/i0a sk5aditen0a u re,er.n"0 5"6isti/i net" 0e dru6a;i0a u "dn"su na sk5aditen0e u 5an/imasna9de,an0a$ "dn"sn" sna9de,a;ke 5"6isti;ke t"k",e4 N0ena primarna 2unk/i0a 0este nakupljanje

dovoljnih količina materijala koje omomućavaju primenu vozila većeg kapaciteta u realizaciji

transporta4 T" 0e "1ra,dan"$ 0er su tr"k",i ,e.an"6 ka1ita5a u tak" sk5aditene materi0a5e niski4

+"red 2unk/i0e naku150an0a .9"6 trasn1"tni- "1era/i0a$ u5"6a sk5aditen0a 0e i u ,remensk"m ik,antitati,n"m izjednačavanju količina  u sna9de,an0u re/ik5ani- 1"str"0en0a i n0i-","mk"ntinua5n"m k"ri#en0u4

kladišni objekti m"6u 9iti ra.5i;it" ured0eni i sa ra.5i;itim ste1en"m 6rad0e,insk"6 "95ik",an0a ii.6rad0en"sti4 T" .a,isi "d karakteristika sami- 1",ratni- materi0a5a4 K"riste se "t,"rena$

nadkri,ena$ .at,"rena i sk5adita sa ,is"kim ni,""m 9e.9edn"sti <na1rimer$ kda 0e u 1itan0u"1asni "t1ad=4 !nutrašnje uredjenje skladišta 1",ratni- materi0a5a .a,isi "d s1e/i2i;n"sti sami-materi0a5a <na1rimer: ne6de 0e ne"1-"dna re"ni.a/i0a 1",rine a ne6de ne=4 +"dra.ume,a se dask5adita$ "dn"sn" n0i-",e ."ne 1ret",ara$ m"ra0u 9iti "9e.9ed0en0a "d6",ara0u#im 1ret",arnimured0a0ima i "1rem"m4

!roblemi lo/iran$a

+"se9na 1an0a$ .9"6 s1e/i2i;n"sti tretmana 1",ratni- materi0a5a$ 1"s,e#u0e se rea,an0u5"ka/i0ski 1r"95ema <sk5adita$ distri9uti,ni- /entara$ 1"str"0en0a .a 1reradu$ 444=4 Ana5i.a 5"ka/i0a

u.ima u "9.ir m"6u#e uti/a0e na troškove  <na1rimer$ 1re,".a= a5i i na rizike "d ne1","50ni-uti/a0a na i,"tnu sredinu4 K"0i #e 2akt"r imati d"minantan uti/a0 .a,isi "d k"nkretne situa/i0e ikarakteristika materi0a5a k"0i su u kana5ima re,er.ne 5"6istike4

O'asni materi$ali

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O1asni materi0a5i$ s1e/i2i;ni 1" sasta,u$ .a-te,a0u 1"se9ne 1"stu1ke i 1r"/edure 1ri ruk",an0u4Vrste i ni,"i "1asn"sti m"6u 9iti ,e"ma ra.5i;iti <na1rimer: .a1a50i, materi0a5$ eks15".i,anmateri0a5= i u ra.5i;tim k"m9ina/i0ama <na1rimer$ .a1a50i, i eks15".i,an materi0a5=4 O1asn"stimasu i.5"eni s,i u;esni/i u 5"6isti;k"m 5an/u$ a5i i i,"tna sredina u"1te4

+"stu1/i i 1r"/edure u ra.5i;itim 2a.ama 5"6isti;k"6 5an/a <trans1"rtu$ sk5aditen0u$mani1u5a/i0ama=$ u65a,n"m su de2inisane na/i"na5n"m .ak"nsk"m re6u5ati,"m i meunar"dnimk"n,en/i0ama4