restoration of omo hada site hilinawalo...

Omo Hadas Restoration WMF TTF - NSH

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RESTORATION OF OMO HADA SITE

HILINAWALO MAZINGO VILLAGE,

TELUK DALAM SUBDISTRICT, SOUTHERN NIAS

NORTH SUMATERA PROVINCE

I. Background

After the big earthquake hit Nias on 28 March 2005, North Sumatera Heritage run any programme

activity in Nias especially in relation with emergency respons and save the Omo Hada site. Some

program activity thas been done in Hilinawalo Mazingo village since April 2004 until December

2007. The program has been implemented in collaboration with World Monument Fund and Turnstone

Tsunami Foundation.

Along with World Monument Fund (WMF), NSH run the technical studies, mapping, inventory and

seminar about Omo Hada site. Meanwhile, in cooperation with Turnstone Tsunami Foundation (TTF),

NSH run the Carpentry Course for the youth of Nias people and Seedling Afoa Wood at Hilinawalo

Mazingo village.

On 2007, North Sumatra Heritage, World Monument Fund and Turnstone Tsunami Foundation agree

to run the restoration work of Omo Hada at Hilinawalo Mazingo village. Then, NSH run the

assesment in preparing the restoration since January 2007. During in the assesment, NSH run the

inventories about the detail of part of Omo Hada that must be repaired, wood material that will be used

and carpenter that will involve in the restoration.

All process of the restoration work was started with any step below :

II. Assesment and establish the village committee a. Assesment has been done since Januari 2007. The aim of this activity is to get detail information

about anything that have connected with preparation of Omo Hadas restoration. Based on the

assesment known if some of part of Omo Hada need serious attention like : the wall foundation


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(sikholi), the wall (laso), son of the wall (ono laso), roof on the top, right and left side; supporting

beam of roof and floor on the kitchen room. The size and part of Omo Hada that will be replaced in the

restoration are :

No Nias Language English Language L x W x H Amount 1 Sikholi Wall Foundation 22 m x 0.48cm x 0.16 cm 2 log 2 Sinatarombto Poles of the roof 11 m x 0.22 cm 1 log 3 Balo-balo Plank to hold the floor 9 m x 0.20 cm x 0.11 cm 4 log 4 Sikholi on the

Kitchen room Wall foundation on the back side

9 m x 0.24 cm x 0.11 cm 1 log

5 Lag2 tabolanulu Box for keeping the rice 9 m x 0.26 cm x 0.11 cm 1 log 6 Tabolanulu Mabate Foundatiuon of the box

of keping rice 1.75 m x 0.55cm x 0.06cm 5 sheet

7 Tutup tabolanulu 5.40cm x 0.26cm x 0.08cm 1 sheet 8 Skat tabolanulu Section of tabolanulu 0.65cmx0.50 cm x 0.05 6 sheet 9 Laliowa hare-hare Log for support hare-

hare 3 m x 0.14 cm 7 log

10 Lago2 hare-hare Wall of hare-hare 9 m x 0.10 cm x 0.10 cm 4 beam 11 Papan depan hare-

hare Plank of hare-hare 3 m x 0.40cm x 0.05 cm 6 beam

12 Salombato Kitchen Floor 1.10 m x 0.45 m x 0.07 cm 61 sheet 13 Famahadro kamar Breach block on the

room 2.80 m x 0.17 cm x 0.12 cm 5 beam

14 Tutup tabolanulu kamar

Tabolanulu in the room 1.25 m x 0.82 cm x 0.05 cm 1 sheet

15 laso Wall 1.95m x 0.70 cm x 0.04cm 7 sheet 16 Ono laso Son of wall 1.95m x 0.25 cm x 0.04 cm 7 sheet 17 Etedeu Connected wall 0.50 cm x 0.57 cm x 0.03cm 4 sheet 18 Laso Lago-lago Boardplank on the wall

side 0.50 cm x 0.36 x 0.05 cm 2 sheet

19 0.75 cm x 0.36 x 0.05 cm 1 sheet 20 0.70 cm x 0.36 x 0.05 cm 1 sheet 21 1.55 cm x 0.36 x 0.05 cm 1 sheet 22 Laso Wall 1.75 m x 0.72 cm x 0.05 cm 14 sheet 23 Ono laso Son of wall 1.75 m x 0.25 cm x 0.05 cm 16 sheet 24 Laso lago-lago Boardplank 1.50 m x 0.70 cm x 0.05 cm 5 sheet 25 Ono laso lago-lago The son of boardplank e 1.50 m x 0.45 cm x 0.05 cm 3 sheet 26 Dinding etedeu The plank that

connecting to roof 1.25 m x 0.40 cm x 0.05 cm 3 sheet

27 1.25 m x 0.40 cm x 0.06 cm 1 sheet 28 Farakhina nawu The wall of Cookstove 3.60 m x 0.50 cm x 0.12 cm 1 sheet 29 Poles of the cookstove 1.90 m x 0.12 cm 1 log 30 Handrogaso Boardplank 9 m x 0.40 cm x 0.09 cm 1 pcs 31 Fanene Sago Roof 6000 pcs 32 Tali rope 4 bundle


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b. Establish the village committee that consist of : Elder, youth groups, religious leader,villager

government . Composition of Villagers Committee are :

Organizing Commite

Head of Village Government : Ama Levis as Advisor

Siulu : Sozalawa Buulol as Adat Leader

Siila : Ama History as represent of the Elder of the village

Chairman 1 : Ama History

Chairman 2 : Ama Ariston (Young Group)

Secretary : Ama Wety (Religious Group)

: Ama Zilai (Village Apparatus )

Financial : Perubahan Harefa (Young people)

: Ama Sudi Laia (Young people)

Member : Faatul Hormati

Faamiha Aromadamia

Hormati

Ama Biasa

III. Measuring and Providing the Wood Material

On May 2007 the restoration work of Omo Hada was started with run the measuring the part of Omo

Hada and other material that will be used on the restoration. Then, the carpenter run the measuring and

counting the price of material. Because the price of material is very high and the budget can not cover

all. Consequently, there are some of material that must be lessen , and give priority to the important

part of Omo Hada that get serious damaged. There are 12 item of material that will be need to replaced

in the restoration :

No Material in Nias language )

Material in English Language

Sizing : L xW x H Amount

1 Sikholi Wall Foundation on the right and left side

22 m x 0.48cm x 0.16 cm 2 log

2 Salombato Kitchen Floor 1.10 m x 0.45 m x 0.07 cm 61 sheet 3 Balo-balo Beam for support wooden

couch 9 m x 0.20 cm x 0.11 cm 4 log

4 Laso Wall 1.75 m x 0.72 cm x 0.05 cm 14 logs 5 Fanene Sago Roof on right and left side 7000 lbr 6 Laliowa hare-hare Log for support the floor 3 m x 0.14 cm 7 log 7 Famahadro kamar Breach block floor 2.80 m x 0.17 cm x 0.12 cm 5 log 8 Ono laso Son of wall 1.75 m x 0.25 cm x 0.05 cm 16 sheet 9 Sikholi Wall foundation on the

backside 9 m x 0.24 cm x 0.11 cm 1 log

10 Ono laso Son of wall 1.75 m x 0.25 cm x 0.05 cm 16 sheet 11 Sinatarombato Poles 11 m x 0.22 cm 1 log 12 Ndriwa mbato Poles of the roof 3m x 0.10 cm 250 log


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The others material that must be provide for the restoration are some scaffolding to hold the Omo Hada

during the restoration Some of material for scaffolding are :

No Name of material Size Amount 1 Coconut Tree 8 meter 20 log

2 Ndrara Tree 5 meter, diameter 12 cm 14 log 3 Rope 4 bundle 4 Log Tree 3 meter and 4 meter 20 log 5 Board 3 m x 0.80 cm x 0.06 cm 10 sheet

Furthermore, NSH team discuss with the owner regarding to seek the carpenter that will be involve in

the restoration work. Firstly, NSHs team meet with Ama Obedi, the carpenter from Teluk Dalam, but

he can not because he has job on the other place Then, NSHs team meet with Ama Liana, the head

carpenter from the village. He agree and ready to be lead the restoration work of Omo Hada, but he

need 1 or 2 people to assist him. The two carpenter that will be asssist him are Ama Fedy and Ama

Suir. Beside that there are 7 people that will involve in the restoration work. Total amount of the

carpenter are ten people.

IV. Process of Omo Hadas Restoration.

Restoration work of Omo Hada start on 3 August 2007. This schedule was late because

providing the material tend too late caused by the weather in village still rainy and all material not yet

complete.

After discuss with the Chiefs of Omo Hada , Village Committee and Carpenter all people

agree if the restoration work will focus on the damaged part of Omo Hada.

There are some steps that must be done before the restoration work started :

1. Adat ceremony

Slaughtering the pig was done as indicate the important part of adat ceremony. After that,

people will run feast together. The feast ceremony attended by head of the church, elder in the village,

carpenter, and represent from other village. This ceremony is very important, first to inform to the

public if there is working in the village; second, praying to the God for safety during in the work;

third, as a symbol of prestige especially for the owner.

2. Praying together

The restoration work run after the adat ceremony done. The head of carpenter ask permission

to the Chiefs of Omo Hada to pray together before start the work. The aim of activity is to get protect

and safety from the God during run the restoration work.


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Run Feast Together

3. Measuring and Wood Shaving the Material

All of material was measured conform with the original size in real. Then, all material will be planed .

In this case, carpenter use the axe, and saw machine, and manual saw.

Measuring the Omo Hada Wood Shaving of the Material

4. Asembling the Scaffolding

Assembling the scaffoloding start from the right of Omo Hada site with height 4 meter, width 3 meter

and long 25 meter. The scaffolding consist of coconut trees, plank of wood, and rope from the root of

wood. This scaffoldong will be use as foundation when replacing of sikholi and wall. Beside that, the

wall of Omo Hada and the roof will be hold up by coconut tree. This step neeed two days for finished


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5. Replacing Sikholi

The first step is spaced the poles of Ehomo and assembling the rope. To easy when removal sikholi, the

wall and the poles were praise. After this, removal the body of sikholii and carving the sikholi to make

spaced. Then the son of wall and wall can be conneecetd. In this step, the old wall will be replaced with

the new one. The next step is release the head of Sikholi from the body of Sikholi. Because some of

the part of head of Sikholi was broken, the head of sikholi assembled again and connected with new

Sikholi. In this case, the carpenter decided to use the metal plate to connected the head of old sikholi

with the new body of sikholi. The owner didnt agree if the head of old sikholi will be replaced with the

new one because the ornament at the head of old Sikholi is very important and no need to replace with

the new one. Before assembeling the metal plate on the Sikholi, the carpenter discuss with the owner

and NHSs team about this. The aim of assembling the metal plate on the head of sikholi to make

strongest the connection between the head of old sikholi with the new body of sikholi.

Installing the New Sikholi Removal the Old Sikholi

Assembling process between the head of old sikohli with the new body of sikholi

a. Making the poles to support sikholi from below and sikholi will be hold like illustration below:

The head of old sikholi

support by the wood

Connecting the head of old skholi with the new body of sikholi


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b. Cutting the end of sikholi and unite it again with use the nut for bolt like the picture below:

Place of connecting the old and new sikholi

The methode of connection will be done through cut the end of old sikholi and new sikholi and then

connected with each other, like the illustration below:

1 2 3

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Explanation: 1. head of old Sikholi 2. Extension 3. New body of Sikholi 4. Ilustration about nut for bolt

that will install at sikholi

Head of old Sikholi was assembled with clamp by the metal plate

Sikholi will cut through from the side with the thickness 8 cm and long 30 cm for each sikholi

and then connected between them and cliped with the metal plate. The carpenter decided to use the

metal plate, because worried if use the bolt from wood can not tightned between new sikholi and the

head of old sikholi. The head of old sikholi was broken and porous. So it is difficult to make

connection if not use the metal plate. This is one of the reason why the metal plate will be used when

assembling the old head of Sikholi and new sikholi. Hopefuly, the strong conection between the old

head of sikholi dan new sikholi can be implemented.

The length of Sikholi is 22 meter, then the carpenter divided the sikholi in for 4 parts Every

part have long between: 5.30 m; 5 m; 5 m; 6.50 m. Assembling of sikholi not only at the the end but

also every parts of sikholi. Sikholi is the important part to support the wall of Omo Hada. Before

assembling sikholi, Ehomo the main pillar of Omo Hada will be spaced, esepcially at the poles

where sikholi will support by left and right side move


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Technically, assembling of Sikholi is started through make a range between Ehomo poles on

the right side where Sikholi supported by the poles. Then, Old Sikholii replaced by the new one and

has been planed . Assembling of Sikholi in every part through clamp with the wall. The connecting of

sikholi was done through clamp a part of sikholi with the wall and the poles ehomo .

Assembling of Sikholi followed by repairing the wall of the house, but only just focus on the

damage par. Repairing of the wall mainly focus at the wall that have been get serious damage, spaced

and weathering.

The wall of Omo Hada , especially on the bottom part has been weathering . So it can be drop

and covered by new Sikholi. But if the wall (laso) has broken on the middle, it must be replace with the

new one like the picture below:

The wall before repairing The wall after repairing

The repairing process of the wall is following: first, the bottom part of the wall will be

levelling, then sikholi can be assembled. If the weathering of the wall is very extensif , the wall must

be change with the new one. The methode for changing the wall is the old wall must released; then run

measuirng of the new wall same with the old one.

Move closer the wall, sikholi with the floor is next work. This is the part of Sikholis work

and become a foundation of the whole of work. Because the role and function of sikholi are very

important to hold and support the wall, floor, and another part of the house until to the top of the roof.

Working to move closer between sikholi, the wall and the floor is being done after sikholi

planed and matching with the place of wall (laso) and son of the wall (ono laso). The next work is

moving closer sikholi with the wall that has been replaced. The carpenter hit Sikholi with the wood

conform with each other until Sikholi close with the floor and locked with Famahandro. The carpenter

need 18 days of work to assembling sikholi with the wall and move closer between them.


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Move closer Sikholi withh use the beam and Jack up

6. Repairing the Backside of Omo Hada

Repairing of the backside of Omo Hada , focus on the kitchen room part that consist: the

wall, loliawa (beam that support the floor) and hare-hare (beam that support for sitting down). The

repairing process started with clearance the old sikholi on the backside, loliawa for the floor and

loliawa for the place of sitting down in the kitchen room part .

Loliawa of the floor

Sikholi on the Backside

Sikholi of Hare-Hare

Loliawa of hare-hare

The part of the backside that will be repaired


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In repairing the backside of the house, carpenter need to build the scaffolding when the poles

will separate from the stone foundation. After build the scaffolding to hold the the houses, then force

open the part of the backrooom and kitchen room. The carpenter force open hare-hare and

tabolanulu hare-hare. Although the repairing focus on hare-hare, but it is also force open

tabolanulu hare-hare. So, the carpenter easy to repair the hare-hare

After removal the sikholi on the kitchen room, the carpenter replacing the old wood of loliawa

hare-hare as much as 7 pieces with length 3 meter; replacing the loliawa mbato (floor) as much as 20

pieces as long 3 meter with the oval size. Assembling of this wood was arranged with beam as long

as 3 meters and diameter 12 cm.

7. Assembling of Material on the Upstair Side

There are some step in working on this phase :

a. Assembling of the Supporting Beam

There are some of supporting beam that must be changed , i.e: plank that hold the wall of the

roof (soharu); the cross wood of supporting beam. The wood that used for supporting beam as much as

250 pcs with diameter 0.10 cm. The repairing process started with release the cross wood that has

decayed like the next picture. Assembling of the cross wood was done through forming the beam as

long as 3 meter and sharpen the end of the wood

The supporting beam was assembled

Through forming the wood like above means to easy for carpenter when assembling the wood between

wood and support another cross wood.

The methode of assembling the beam is firstly, the new beam put on the location where the old beam

will be replace and then the beam put on the plank with cross model. After that the new beam and the

plank tightened by the rope


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b.Assembling of Soharu

Soharu is the plank that support the wall of roof on the right and left side of Omo Hada. The size of

Soharu is 0.50 cm x 0.10 cm x 0.02 cm.

Sikholi Mbato

Soharu

Assembling of Soharu done with carving Sikholi Mbato first on the upper and down side. Soharu have

function to hold and support the roof of Omo Hada, Beside that Soharu also very useful to tighten the

roof. Position of Saharu not only located on the right and left side but also in every stage on the upstair

side of Omo Hada . Assembling of Sikholi done in horizontal pattern and arranged from the front until

the backside.

8. Replacing of the Roof

After assembled the plank of Soharu and the cross wood that will support the roof; the next work is

replacing the roof or thathching process. Asembling of the roof is done to replace the old roof that has

been leakage caused by rainy. If the roof leakage, water will come to the house and the wood material

will get damaged

Condition of the roof is very bad, especially on the top and the right side of Omo Hada. Generally,

replacing the roof focus on the top, the right side and the left side. Asembling and replacing the roof

only done by the carpenter that have courage to climb Omo Hada until the top, because not at all

carpenter have courage to climb the roof of Omo Hada.


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Roof Before replaced

There are 6000 pieces of the roof that must be assemled to replace the old roof with sizing 1.5 cm x

0.50 cm . Mostly the roof come from around of the village. Aseembling of the roof is done through

arrange the roof in three layers and then tightened to Soharu. Assembling of the roof done from the

inside of the house

The rope that use to tight the roof made from plastic rope. In the last, the rope that use to tight the roof

is using rattan. But now, rattan was difficult to find.

Thatching from inside Lifting the roof one by one to the upstair of Omo Hada


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The thatching process was done from the right side first and it has been started from inside then from

outside. The roof lifted one by one to the upstair of Omo Hada. The thatching process from the both of

side means to protect the water when rainy coming and the roof become more stronger and longer

Condition of the roof after replaced

9. Replacing of of the Floor

The last work of restoration is assembling of the floor that focus on the kitchen room Some of the the

floor in this room get damage and surface of the floor is not level. There is hole between plank of the

floor. The size of the plankl for floor are : 1.10 m x 0.45 m x 0.07 cm.

The Floor before Replaced

The flooring activity started with open the old plank of the foor. Before the plank of the floor

assembled, all the new plank of the floor mut be sized and planed first. It will be used for placing the


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plank of the floor between the breach block on the floor (famahandro). There are 61 sheets of plank for

the floor that has been replaced on the kitchen room and the bedroom.

The floor after replaced

V. Analysis: Social and Cultural Context

Basically, the restoration work of Omo Hada not only focus on the physical work but also

related with any important steps in its process. Although, according to our mind, all of the process in

the restoration work has been socialized not only to the owner bnut also the eledr and people in the

village, but there is problem when the restoration work will be finishing . Consequently, the completion

of restoration work tend to be late.

We try to analyse about the problem in the restoration work, base on our experience during

live in the village. We should recognize, it is not easy to develop Nias people. There is internal and

external factor that has been influence the whole proces of restoration work. The internal factor is

coming from NSHs team during work in the village. Although the team have work in Nias

community for two years, but until now there is no one people in NSH able to speak in Nias language.

So, it is difficult for the team to involve in all activity of the people in the village. Ironically, mostly

Nias people in this village always use local language when they talk between each other.

We realize if NSHs team have a weakness and limited capacity to understand about Nias

people and their culture. During work and live in the village, NSHs team since at the beginning have

build relationship with the owner. NSHs team also run approach and build relationship with the eleder

and young people in the village. But, in realtiy, all of this effort didnt give guarantee for succesfull our

communication and adaptation in the field.


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The external factor is coming from people on the village. During live in the village and stay

for long time, we get impression that Nias people still have problem with their attitude, respons and

perception with people that come to their village. At first glance, they looks like open society but

actually not. They also tend to introvert and not consistency with the decision that have been taken. .

For example, Orahu Meeting (village meeting) is the highest forum in the village to make decision, but

unfortunately, recently this forum is not effective more to give answer for solving the problem.

We also find that temperament of Nias people is easy to angry when they didnt agree with

another people. So, usually conflict can be happened caused by simple problem. Nias people in this

village still have stereotye attitude with people from outside.

During stay in the village, we have seen there is the hiden conflict between people in the

village. Usually, conflict will happened when when there is project come to their place. All people

hope they can take part in the project. If not, they will become trouble maker in the project.

The hiden conflict was happened between elder in the village, especially between Siulu and

Siila. Both of the the elder are informal leader in the village. Soza is the Chiefs of Omo Hada but he

also have position as Siulu in the village. His position is very important in the village. Orahu Meeting

can not be done if Siulu didnt agree. There is no decision at Orahu meeting if Siulu didnt involve in

this meeting. In the last time, position of Siulu is very strong and powerful because he have power in

economic, social and politic. He also have many slave as symbol of power.

Recently, because economic status of Siulu is in poor condition, he didnt have slave

anymore and not all people will obedience and give honorable to him. His leadership is very weak

because he dont have power anymore, especially in economic aspect. During involve in Orahu

Metting, we have seen if position of the Chiefs as Siulu is not clear. He didnt have a firm attitude to

make decision in Orahu meeting.

In the case of restoration work, conflict of interest was happened between the Chiefs of Omo

Hada with the village committee in relation with procurement the material. This conflict has give

impact to NSHs work in the field and the completion of restoration work become late. We never

expect if the village committee and the chiefs of Omo Hada treat us with the inconvenience condition

during visit the village to attend at the completion ceremony.

From the case above, we have got the lesson learnt process, especially about Nias people and

its culture. The social and cultural context of Nias people are very important to be understand in

relation with development process.

We try to understand why Nis people tend to backward from development during in the last

time before earthqauke. We are sure, it is not only caused by geographic condition and infrastructure

but also caused by structure and cultural problem in the community. We didnt believe if the physical

programme will be succed if not followed by cultural approach. There is cultural problem in relation

with developing of Nias people before and after earthquake. So it is important to understand about the

Cultural Value Orientation of Nias people in relation with development activity. The education process

is also important that must get priorty in developing Nias people on the future.


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We dont have imagine when many development agency will be leaving Nias aftter two years

working in this island as respons for natural disaster. How Nias pepole will keep and take care many

facilities that have build by BRR or internatioanl agency? How Nias people look the development

process in their place from their perspective? How the ability of Nias people to help theirself without

depend on with another people from outside. There are still many question can be explore to respons

the currenct problem in Nias. But, the most important thing is how to understand what the Nias people

want regarding with development process in their place. So, it is important to involve and put all

process of development In the Hands of Nias People since at the beginning.

VI. Conclusion & Recommendation

Generally, we want to say that the condition of Omo Hada after restoration become more

stronger and strurdiness then before. It can be seen when the carpenter still run the thatching process on

the upstair of Omo Hada at the same time the big earthquake hit Bengkulu also Nias with magnitude

7.9 on the richter scale. It was amazing, the carpenter that still work on the roof but they didnt feel

any vibration caused by the earthquake.

Assembling the new Sikholi (the wall foundation of Omo Hada) on the right and the left side

are a very good decision. Total length of Sikholi that has been replaced are 22 meters. But during

replacing the Sikholi , the head of old Sikholi didnt replaced. The reason is the owner didnt agree if

the head of Sikholi will be replace, because the head of Sikholi have important meaning for the owner

and there is still original carving on the head of Sikholi. So the carpenter assembling again the head of

old Sikoli with the new body of Sikholi.

Replacing the roof on the top, right and the left side are very important. Especially on the top

and the right side , the roof has get serious damaged and water always go into the house when rainy

come. Consequently, many of supporting beam on the upstair side was decayed. So, replacing the roof

with the new one will save and protect the wood on the inside of Omo Hada.

After run the restoration some of part Omo Hada, we are sure if condition of Omo Hada is

more better and more stronger than before. Because all process in the restoration work has been done

with a good way by the carpenter. If we find there is Omo Hada or wooden house that collaps when

the earthquake come, it means process in building the house is not good and done with wrong way.

Because the owner still live in the house, they should be take care and protect this house from

any damage threatment, especially from the water threatment when they cook at the kitchen room.

Beside the water, insect infestation to the wood also become serious threatment.

The restoration work process that has been done was recovery the important part of Omo

Hada, like sikohli (the wal foundation on the left, the right and the backside), roof, floor and some of

the wall and many supporting beam on the upstair side of Omo Hada. Hopefuly, through the

restoration work, the existence of Omo Hada become more stronger and longer.

restoration of omo hada site hilinawalo...

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