John Aubrey, James Britten FOR COLLECTINGANDPRINTING GR toO liS RELICSOFPOPULARANTIQUrriES,&c. ESTABLISHED IN THEYEARMDCCCLXXVIII. AlteretIJ.e:a. PUBLICATIONS OF THEFOI,K-LORESOCffiTY. IV. Digitizedby Google P:USmDT. THERIGHTHONOURABLEEABLBEA.UCHAMP,F.S.A. VICE-P:USIDDTS. H. C.CooTE,Esq., F.S.A. W. B. S. RALBTON,ESQ.,M.A. E. B. TYLoB,Esq.,LL.D. F.R.S. Edward Brabrook, F.S.A. James Britten, F.L.S. Dr. Robert Brown. Sir W. B. Drake, F.S.A. G. L. Gomme, F.S.A. Henry Hill, F.S.A. COOCIL. A. Lang, M.A. F. Ouvry, F.S.A. The Rev.Professor Sayee, M.A. Edward Solly, F.R.S., F.S.A. William I Thoms, F.S.A. W.S.W. Vaux, M.A. DBECTOK.-William J. Thoms, F.S.A. HOll.SEC.-G. L. Gomme, F.S.A.,2,Park Villas,Lonsdale _Road,Barnes, S.W. Digitizedby Google REMAINESOFGENTILISMEAND - -JUDAISME. BYJOHNAUBREY,R.S.S. ,, 1686-87. EDITEDANDANNOTATEDBY J AM.ESBRITTEN,F.L.S., COMPI'LEBOF" OLDCOUNTRYANDFABMINGWORDS:"JOINT AUTHOR01!' "A DICTIONARYOF ENGLISHPLANT NAMES,"&c.,&c. LONDON: PUBLISHED FOB THEFOLK-LOBESOCIETYBY W.SATOHELL,PEYTON,AND00., 12, TAVISTOCKSTREET, COVENTGARDEN,W.C. 1881. Digitizedby Google PREFACE. THEmanuscript(LansdowneMSS.231 ),whichis now forthe firsttimeprintedinitsentirety forthe membersoftheFolk-LoreSociety,haslongbeen knownto lovers of folklore;andmore or lesscopious extractsfromithavebeen publishedinat least three differentworks.Attentionseemstohavebeenfirst directedtoitbyMr.(afterwardsSir)HenryEllis, whomadeextractsfromitinhiseditionofBrand's Popular .Antiquities (1813 ).Morecopiousselections fromitwillbefoundinTime'sTelescopefor1826, where,inthe"Advertisement,"itisreferredtoas follows:"ToHenryEllis,Esq.,Keeperofthe MSS.intheBritishMuseum,ourespecialacknow-ledgmentsaredueformanykindhintsandcom-munications,particularlyasitregardssomeMSS. intheLansdowneCollectionthathaveescapedthe researchesofourliteraryferrets,andtheextracts fromwhichcannotfailofprovinganagreeable novelty to our readers."These extracts will be found at pp.38,40,71,74,91,98,117,123,132,158,227, 231,233,251,293-7,302.In 1839 Mr.W.J.Thorns made numerous extracts for a volume entitled .Anecdotes andTraditions,publishedbytheCamdenSociety ; totheseextractsheappendednoteswhichgreatly b Digitizedby Google .. 11PREFACE. increasedtheirvalue ;themoreimportantofthem willbefoundintheAppendix(I.)tothepresent volume,the initials"W. J.T." being affixedto them, aswellasthepage where they willbe foundinthe Anecdotes.In hispreface Mr.Thornssays.that with one exceptionthe selectionsdiffered fromthose made byEllis,whichlast,"combinedwiththosehere printed, may be saidto comprise everything deserving of publication contained in the volume." Notwithstandingthisdictumofone peculiarly able to forma judgmentinthematter,theFolk-LoreSo-ciety determined, soonafter its establishment, toprint the wholeMS.Mr.Thorns's book has long been unob-tainable ;theextractsinTime'sTelescopewere hardly known-! have met withnoreference to them; sothatallthatcouldbeconsideredavailablefor general usewascontainedinEllis's edition ofBrand, andthisrepresents but asmallportionofthewhole work.Inthepresentvolumeafaithfultranscriptis offeredtothereader.Ihavecarefullycollatedthe proofswiththeoriginal ;and, althoughitwouldbe presumptionto supposethat noerrors oftranscription fromthe somewhatcrabbedMS.havearisen,Ihope that these are but fewand unimportant. The workinitsprintedformspeaksforitself :I may howeverbeallowedtopoint out one or twocir-cumstancesconnectedwith it.The MS.was evidently intendedbyAubreyasaroughdraftofwhatwas intendedtohavebeenanelaboratework.Asit stands itis disjointed,andtherearenumerousrepe-Digitizedby Google PRID'ACE.111 titions,while the same subjectisalludedto inmany separatepassages.It wasthoughtbestto printthe wholeasitstood,andtotrusttoa siveindextobringtogetherthevariousreferences tothesamesubject.Ihavesometimesintroduced cross-references in the text,butit wasnotpossible to dothis systematically ;sothatit willbe necessary to consultthe indextoascertainallthereferencesto a given subject.Any suggestionsoradditionswhichI have entered in the text are placed in square brackets, asarealsomy ownfootnotes.Dr. WhiteKennett's initialsareaffixedtomany othe notes;many more are in his handwriting, but not initialed, and to these I have appended"W.K."insquarebrackets.Ihave sometimesverifiedAubrey'sreferencesandamplified his quotations, and here again square brackets will indi-cate what Ihave done,but Ihavenothad the leisure to makethesereferencesatallcomplete.In oneor twocasesIhavebeenobligedto omit awordortwo which evenina reprintwouldbeconsideredunsuit-able orpublication;but I havealmost always allowed thetexttostandaswritten,evenattherisko offendingthe scrupulousreader.Ihave thought this alsotherightcoursetoadopt,because,hadIcut outmatterswhichseemtomeoffensive,Ishould haveexcisedseveralpassageswhichreflectunfairly upontheCatholicChurch,aswellasoneortwoto whichChristians oalldenominations wouldprobably take exception.Ineed hardly say that Idonot share Aubrey's viewsuponthese matters. Digitizedby Google . IVPREFACE. The Remaines, while containing much of value,are not of equal merit throughout.Aubrey had the faculty of collectionrather thanthat ofselection,and he was clearly inclined to be credulous,andthoughtto be so by some of his mostnoteworthy contemporaries.The greatnaturalistJohnRay,forexample,expresses himselfplainlyonthisheadinaletterprintedby AubreyintheNaturalHistoryandAntiquitiesof Surrey (v.410).He says:-"Ithink (if you cangive meleave tobe freewith you)thatyouarealittletooinclinabletocredit strangerelations.Ihavefoundmenthatarenot skilful in the history of nature very credulous, and apt to imposeuponthemselvesandothers,andtherefore darenotgivea firmassentto anythingthey report upontheir ownauthority,but areever suspicious that they may either be deceived themselves,ordelight to teratologize (pardon the word),andto makeshowof knowing strange things.': Inthesamework,however(iv.407,Appendix), Aubreygivesthefollowingjustificationofhiscon-duct:-"It may seemnauseous to some thatIhaveraked up somany oldwesternproverbs,whichIconfessI disdain not toquote.Plinyhimselfbeingnot afraid tocallthemoracles,lib.18,cap.4 :' Acprimum omnium oraculis majore ex parteagemus,qurenonin aliovitregenerepluracertioravesunt.'Forpro-verbs are drawnfromthe experience and observation ofmany ages,and are theancient naturalphilosophy o;9,11zedby Google :PREFACE.V ofthevulgar,preservedinoldEnglishandNorse rhymes handed down to us, and which Iset as instantire crucis, for our curious modern philosophers toexamine, and givetotheir Atthepresentday,whateverwemaythinkof Aubrey's credulity,allfolk-lorists are glad that he did not" disdaintoquote "theproverbs,sayings,and traditions of the people. With regardtothenoteswhichIhavehereand thereadded,awordortwoofexplanationseems needed.When Iundertook toedittheworkat the requestof the Councilofthe Folk-Lore Society,Ihad hopedthat thesewouldbemuchmore numerous,and that Ishouldhave obtainedmuchhelpinmywork fromthosewhowerefarmorefittedthanmyselfto undertakethetask.Iregrettosaythat,although the work wassent in slip-proof toalltheMembersof theCouncil,Ihavereceivednoassistancewhatever fromthe greater number ofthem.Idonot wishtobe understoodascomplainingofthis want ofassistance -I knowtoowellwhatitisto bemorethanfully occupied-butImentionthisastendingtoexplain thefewnessofthenotes.Mr.Cootehasgivenme oneor twonotes which will be foundin the Appendix (I.),and to himand toMr.Satchell Iamindebted for muchhelpinverifyingthe classicalquotations.Mr. Solly has kindly assistedme onone or twopoints,and Mr.Gommehasbeen, ashe alwaysis,helpful.The authorities at the British Museum, with their usual cour-tesy, gave every facility for the transcription of the MS. Digitizedby Google VIPREFACE. Isoonsawthat todothe work as it shouldbedone would be to render it a complete treatise upon folklore, sovariedare the matters uponwhich it touches ;and this wasnot the intention ofthe Society in issuing the volume,whichshouldbe looked uponrather as acol-lection of suggestive notes,or astorehouse from which allmay take awaywhat suits them best.Ihave been at some pains,however,tocollect from Aubrey's other works suchpassagesasbelong to folklore,and these I have placed in the Appendix. The Natural Hist. of Wiltllhire quoted is the volume editedbyJohnBrittonin1847fortheWiltshire TopographicalSociety;oneortwoofhis additional notes,signedJ. B.,areadded.Bythekindnessof theRoyalSocietyIhavebeen abletoconsulttheir MS.of thiswork;the extracts Ihave made fromthis, which have not previously beenpublished, are referred toasRoyal Soc.MS.Ihave notmadee x t r a c ~from what isperhapsAubrey'smostimportantworkfrom afolklorepointofview-ImeanhisMiscellanies; tohavedonesowouldhaveundulyextendedthe present volume,and moreover it is easily accessible in thecheapandhandyreprintissuedin1857byJ. RussellSmith,whichno folkloristshouldbe without. Another work whichIthink is not as wellknown as it should be,and whichmay profitably beconsultedby students,isMr.T.J.Pettigrew'slittlevolumeOn Superstitions connected with theHistoruand Practice of MedicineandSurgery.(London,1844,pp.167.) Imayperhapsbeallowedtopointouthow fully Digitizedby Google .. PREItswasbegunatthistimebyK. Arthur, and thatitisnowhereelsinusebeyondtheSeas.-Boet. I.9,fol.160.-[W. K.J In the Infancy of Christian Religion it was expedient to plough (as they say)withtheheiferofthe Gentiles :( i )toinsinuate withthem,and tolet themcontinue andusetheiroldEthnick FestivalswhichtheynewnamedwithChristiannames,e.g. Floralia, they turndtoyeFeastofSt.PhilipandJacob, etc. TheSaturnalia.intoChristmas.Hadtheydonneotherwise, they couldnothavega.in'd80manyProselytesorestablished theirDoctrinesowell,and in 80short atime, andbesidesthey wellunderstood that protoundAphorismeofNumaPompilius, Nullaresefficaciusmultitudinemregit,quamSuperstitio:of which, if taken away, Atheisme and(consequently Libertinisme) willcertainlycomeinto its

}ThisaftertheEcclesi-asticallpolitie of thosetimes.TheGentileswouldnot perfectly relinquishalltheirIdols ;so,they werepersuaded to turnethe Image of Jupiter with his thunderbolt to Christus crucifixus, and V en usandCupid into yeM!ldonnaandher Babe,whichMr.Th. Hobbes sayth was prudently donne.See his Leviathan p.(364]. SeeSt.Hierome'sEpistles.Hespeakesinoueof themof their building theirChristianChurches wheretheir oldEthnick oneswere,etc.-GettheChristmasCarollandtheWasseling Song. Oldcustomesandoldwivesfablesare grossethings,but yet !buriedinoblivion1h ought not tobequiterejectedj;teremaysometruth andusefulnesse bejj out of them, besides tis' a pleasure to considertheerroursthatenvelopedformer agesasalsothe present. Ea:cerptaoutof Ovid' s Fastorum Lm.I. JANUARY. T.Livy, lib.I, Numa Pomp. Per totidem (se. x.) menses afunereconjugis uxor Sustinet in vidua tristia signa domo.-[35-6.] Digitizedby Google REMAINSOFGENTILISMEANDJUDAISME.7 It isstill accountedundecentforwidowstomarrywithina yeare(Ithinke)Dr.Taylersayes,becauseinthattimethe husbandsbodymay bepresumedtobe rotten.1 Insertoutof the Calenderof yeoldOvidsFastQrumthatI have lent toDr.Goad,the remarqueable observationsastothe Weather. There is aproverb in Welsh of great antiquity,se. Haf hyd gata.n Gaiaf hyu Fay. That is,if it be somerly weather till theKalendsof January, it willbe winterly weatherto theKalends of May.They look uponthis asan Oracle.2 Democritus talem fnturam hiemem arbitratur, qualis fnerit brumre dies, &circa eum term. item solstitio aestatem.-Pliu. lib. 18, cap. 26. [HolyBread.] --Cui cum cereale sacerdos Imponit libum farraq. mixta sale.-[Fasti, i. 127, 128.] Libum 3 is a cake made of Honey (sugar is a nouvelle, since ye discovery of America),meale,andoyle.HenceIsupposeare derived our Cimnells 3;also yeWafer.-N.B. Utq. Sacerdotis fugitivus,liba recuso.-Horace, Ep.[Lib. 1, x. 10.] "Kichell is a cake, which Horace calleth Libum, and with us is called a God'sKichell, becauseGodfathers and Godmothers used commonly to give oneof them totheirGod-children,whenthey askedblessing." 4 Thisword isintheSompner'stale, fol.39, p.I. IknewanusherofWinchester-schoolewhosenamewas Kichell. Ibidem W astell bread(libellus) fineCymnell. "Painbenist,HolybreadsuchasisusedinChurchesin Catholick countries." 5 1 [See Coote's "Romans of Britain," pp. 288-291.-ED.] 1 [See Swaiuson's "Weather Folk-Lore," pp. 20-24.-ED.] 1 [See Appendix and p. 14.] Exposition of hard words in Chancer, by Mr.[Francis]Thinne. Cotgrave's Dictionare. o;9,11zedby Google 8REMAINSOFGENTILISMEANDJUDAISME. Abbas solns prandebit snpremnsinrefectoriohabensvastellnmdequavoce WalsiuainGloasa.rio.SinonsitUmbraculumautBaldekinum(aCanopy) nescioquidsignificat;nequetamenconjecturepossum,quareUmbra.culnm Vastellum diceretur;1 qlllllre.-[W. K.] But by the wordV astellusnodoubtismeanttheW astel or W assalBowls,whichasapiece of state wasplaced at the upper end of the table forthe use of the Abbat, who drank outofthat Plate a Health or PoculumCharitatis to the rest of the fraternity. -W. Kennett. NewyearsDay. Prospers. lux oritur:lingnisq' animisq' favete; Nunc dicenda bono aunt bona verba die.-[Fasti, i. 71,7;,1 Hencethe complement of wishing oneHappy New yeare. Wishing each other ahappy-New-yeare. ....laeta tuis dicuntur verba calendis, Et damns alternas a.ccipimusq:precea.-[Fasti, i, 175-6.] NewyearsGifts. Quid vult palma sibi, mgosaq' caryca, dixi, Et data 11ubniveo candida mella favo.-[Fasti, i.185-6.] Omens[seepp.19,25,30]. Omina principijs, inquit, ines8e solent. Ad primam vocem timidas a.dvertitis aures: Et visam primam consulit augur avem.-[Fasti, i.178-80.] Numa firstinvented the adoration of deadmen's ghosts. Omen, ait, causa est,ut res sapor ille sequatur, Et peragat coeptu' dulcis nt annns iter.-[Fasti, i.187-8.] [DogsBarking.] Exta canum Trivire.-[Fasti, i.389.] Mdm.-How they bark allnight when themoone shine!!:e. g. fromBathe toOxford :thedoggestake their cue fromHamlet toHamlet. 1 Vit. S.Alban .Abbat,Mat.Par. p.lU. Digitizedby Google REMAINSOFGENTILISMEANDJUDAIBME.9 [Blessing of Fulds.] Pagns agat festum:pagnm lustrate, coloni; Et date paga.nis a.nnua liba. focis.-[Fasti, i. 669-70.] Tothis,seemes to answer,the walkingof theyoung men & maydes who recieve the Sacrament onPalme-Sunday, and after dinnerwalkeabouttheCornetoblessit ;butthisday gives many a conception. Mdm.atTwelve-tyde atnighttheyuseintheCountrey to wassailetheir Oxen and to have W assaile-Cakesmade. Ploughmen's FeastsHolydaus. Gett the song which is sung in the ox-house whenthey wassell the oxen.[Seep. 40.] LIB.II. FEBRUARY. Un-leavened Bread Torrida cum mica. fa.rra.[Fasti, ii. 24] wasa Purgamen. [ Sowle-grove.] TheShepheards, and vulgar peopleinSouthWilts callFeb ruarieSowlegrove :and havethisproverbe of it :viz.Sowle-grove sillew.1 February isseldome warme. Absolution. Omne nefa.s, omnemq' ma.li pnrgamina. ca.usam Credeba.nt nostri tollere posse senes. Grrecia. principium moris fuit:ilia. nocentes Impia.lustra.tos ponere facta. puta.t. Actoriden Peleus, ipsum quoq' Pelea Phoci Crede per Hremonia.s solvit Acastus aquas.-[Fasti, ii. 35-40.) BaptiMne. Solve nefas, dixit:solvit et ille nefa.s. Ah nimia.mfaciles, qui tristia crimina credis Fluminea tolli posse putetis a.qua.-rFa.sti, ii. 44-46.) 1 Silpro seld. (i.) seldome. Digitized by GoogIe 10REJrlAI.NSOFGENTILISMEANDJUDAISME. TothisagreeththatofSt.Paul-Neithercircumcisionnor uncircumcisiouavaileth,but a new creature.[Galatians, vi. 15.] Thereisa customeenjoyndbysomeWitchesandWizards fornocentsto leapthreetimes over a rivulet. And oneofmineAcquaintanceB.G.Cramersaysthathe oncesawin Germany,in Anhalt, theBoysthrowing beforean oldwomansuspectedtobea witch,anoldU!!edbroominher way,to seewhether shewouldpass over itorno,whichif she dosnot,take it fora proof to bea witch.-[ Seep.25.] Ferlilityof Women. me eaprnm maetat: j11881Bsua terga puelllll Pellibus exaeetis pereutienda dabant.-[F. ii. 445-6.] Meibomiusbath writt a little TreatisedeUsuFlagroruminre venereA. [Plu&ntoma.] The phantome of&mulusthatappearedtoJuliusProculus ashewalked byaHedge by moonlight.A singletestimony. -et in tenues oeulis evauuit an1'88; Convoeat hie populOB,jllllllllq'verba refert.-[F. ii. 609-10.] Foolesholyday .We observe it onyefirstof April. Lux quoq' cur eadem stultornm festavoeetur... Farra tamenveteres jaeiebaut, farra metebaut; Primitias Cereri farra re8ecta dabaut.-[F. ii. 618, 619-20.] Andsoit iskept inGermany everywhere. Nammodoverrebaut nigras pro farre favillas; Nunc ipB&Bigni eorripuere e88&8.-(F. ii. 6 2 3 - ~ . ] Purgatorie. Est honor et tumulis:&nimasplacate paternas; Parvaq' in extinct&&munera ferte pyras. Parva petunt Manes:pietas pro divite grata est Munere:non avidos Styx habet ima deos. Tegula projeetis satis est velata eoronis: Et spars8l fruges, pa.reaq' mica &&lis: Digitizedby Google REMAINSOFGENTILISMEANDJUDATSME. Inque mero mollita Cerea,violreq'solutle: Haec habeat media testa relicta via. Nee majora veto:sed et his placabilis umbra est. Adde precespositis et sua verba focis. Hunc morem JEneas, pietatis idonens auctor, Attulit in terras, juste Latine, tuas. Diepatris Genio solennia dona ferebat; Hinc populiritus edidicere pios.-[F. ii. 633-646.) Vix equidem credo: .bustis exisse feruntur, Et tacitre questi temporenoctis a vi. Perq' viasUrbis, Latosq' ululasse per agros Deformes animas, vulgus inane. ferunt. Post ea prreteriti tumnlis redduntur honores; Prodigiisq' venit funeribusq' modus.-[F. ii.661656.) Nunc animretenues, et corpora fnncta sepulchris Errant;nunc posito pascitur umbra cibo. Neetamen hoc ultra, quam quam [tot]de mense supersint Luciferi, quot habent carmina nostra pedes.-[F. ii. 665668.] ChildrenBteethburnt. 11 When Children shaledtheir Teeththewomenuse to wrap,or put salt about thetooth,andsothrow it intoagoodfire.The above-mentionedCramersaiththatinGermany,inhisnative Country,somewomenwillbidtheir Childrentotake theTooth, whichisfallenor taken out,andgoetoadarkcornerof the houseor Parlour, and cast the same into it thereby saying these words: Mouse!Here Igive the a tooth of bone, But give thou me an Iron-on (orIron Tooth),beleeving, thatanother goodtooth will grow in its place. TyeingthetongueBoffoeB'llfitha charme. Ecce anus in mediis residens annosa puellis, Sacra facit Tacitle:vix tamen ipsa tacet. Et digitistria thura tribus sub limine ponit, Qna brevis occnltum mns sibi fecit iter. Tom cantata tenet [ligat) cum fuscolicia plumbo[rhombo], Et septem nigras versat in ore fabas.-[F. ii. 671-676.] Digitizedby Google 12 REMAINSOFGENTILIBMEANDJUDAISME, When Iwasaboy acharme wasused for(Ithink)keeping away evill spirits ;whwas tosay thrice in abreath, Three blew Bea.nes in ablew bladder, Ra.ttle,bla.dder,ra.ttle. Quodq' pice a.dstrinxit, quod a.cu tra.iecit a.eua., Obsutum lll8lniBtorret inigne ca.put: Vina.quoqueinstilla.t:vini quodcumq' relictum est, Aut ipsa.,a.ut comites, plus ta.menipsa.,bibit. Hostile&lingua.&inimica.q' vinximus[ora.] Dicit discedeus,ebria.q' exit a.nus.-[F. ii. 577-582.] There is,in some corners of thisNation sometrickor charme against an illtongue, or (astheytermeit)labouringunder an ill tongue, wchquaere.Mdm.inMr.Lillies Astrologiesthere is aReceipt forit,TakePopuleam,&c....[SeeMiscellanies, p.139.] [ Dayfatality.1] Somepeculiardaiesfataltoparticularpersons,asMatthew Paris observes of ThomasBecket,Abp.of Canterbury :-Nesciturquomodorerumpi'IBSII.gioveleventucontigerit,quodmulta.bea.to Thoma.edie Ma.rtis mira.bilia. contigerunt.Dieenim Ma.rtis scilicet dieThoma.e Apostoli na.tusextitit... [Bene in mundumiutra.vitdieMa.rtis contra. Dia.-bolum prmlia.turus:Ma.rs enim secundum Poeta.s,Densbellinuncupa.tur].. DieMa.rtissederuntPrincipesapudNortha.mptona.meta.dversuscumloqua ba.ntur.Actus est die Ma.rtis in exilum.Die Ma.rtis a.ppa.ruitei Dominus a.pud Pontinia.cum diceus:Thoma., Thoma., Ecclesia.mea.glorifica.bitur in sa.nguiuetuo. Die iusuper Ma.rtis reversusesta.bexilio.Ma.rtyriiquoq' pa.lma.mdieMa.rtis est a.deptus....Venera.bile corpus ejusdieMa.rtisgloria.mtra.nsla.tionissus cepit.-Snb An. 1169, p.116. Oliver Cromwellobtainedhis twogreatest victoriesat Dunbar and Worcester onSeptemb. 3, aud died onthat day An. 1658.-[W.K.] Et vigila.nt nostra. semper in mdeLa.res.-[F. ii. 616.] Quare if in Ireland orScotlandthereisany resemblanceof theLares,or of any worship to'em. 1 [This is treated of a.tlength in Miscella.nies,pp.1-24:seea.lso p.63.-En.] Digitizedby Google REMAINSOFGENTILISMEANDJUDAISME. ChariBtia:LoveFeaat8. Diis generis date thnra bonis.Concordia fertur Illo praecipne mitis adesse die. Et libate dapes:nt grati pignus amoris, Nntriat intinctos missa patella cibos. Jamq' nbi snadebit placidos nox ultima somnos, Parca precatnr&lsnmite vina manns.-[F. ii. 631636.] Drinlcing good healthaand Y'King' 8health. Et bene vos,patriae, bene, te pater, optime Caesar, Dicite sntfnso, per sacra verba, mero.-[F. ii.6878.] Bound8,mere-Btones,and Perambulationa. Termine, sive lapis, sive es defoSBns in agro Stipes ab antiqnis, sic qnoq' nnmen habes.-[F. ii. 6412.] Conveninnt, celebrantq' dapes vicinia simplex; Et cantant landes,Termine sancte, tuas.-[F. ii. 667-8.] ***** Et senvomeribns,sentn pulsabere rastris, Clamato, Mens est hie ager, ille tuns.-[F. ii. 677-8.] ....[an] veris praennncia venit hirnndo 7-[F. ii.863.] One swallow makes no spring.' LmER Ill MARCH.Annns erat, decimnm cnm Luna repleverat orbem. Hie numerus magno tunc in honore fnit. Sen quia tot digiti,per quos nnmerare solemns: Sen quia his qnino fremina menseparit. Seu quod ad nsq' decemnnmero crescente venitnr; Principinm spatiis snmitnr inde novis.-[F. ill. 121126.] ASBnetosigitur nnmeros servavit in anno. Hoc luget spatio fremina mresta virnm.-[F. iii. 133-4.] 13 ThevulgarintheWestofEnglanddoecallthemonth of March,Lide.Aproverbial} ryhthme-"Eate Leekes in Lide, and Ramsins in May, And all the yeare after Physitians may play." [Forthisproverbinotherlanguages seeMr.Swainson's"Weather Folk-Lore," p. 14-ED.] Digitizedby Google 14BEHAINBOFGENTILIBHEAND.JUDAISHE. JuliwCtUar. Ille moras Solis, quibus in sua signarediret, Traditur exactis disposuisse notis. la decies senos trecentnm et quinq' diebus Junxit, et epleno tempora(quart&]die.-[F. iii. 161-lM.] Faunw andPicua. Di sumus agrestes, et qui dominemur in altis Montibus...-fF. ill. 315-6.] RobinGoodfellcnc. Mr.Lane:Moorehouse.[See pp.81,86.] WeddingBout[seep.18]. Nubere siqua voles,quamvis properabitis ambo, Di1fer:habent parve commoda magna morz.-[F. iii.Terms of theLaw. "Conjugium Adventus prohibet, Hilariq' relaxat. Septuaginta vetat, sedPasclue octava reducet; Rogatio vetitat, concedit Trina pote&tas." Drinking Healths. ---annosq' precantur Quot IIUJIWlt cyathos;adnumerumq' bibunt.-(F. ill. 6312.1 SoMartial[i. 72]: Nevia sex cyathis, septem Justina bibatur. Illa, levi mitri canos incincta capillos, Fingebat tremula rustic& liba manu.-[F. iii. 669-70.] We useCymnellsinLent (wchis in March)and Wafersand March-paines,id estMarch-bread. Canonizationof J.Ceeaar. Ipsa virum rapni, simulacraq' nuda reliqui, Que cecidit ferro,CleBaris umbra fuit. Ille quidem coelo poeitus Jovis atria vidit; Et tenet in :Magno templa dicata Foro.-[F, iii. Digitizedby Google REMAINSOFGENTltiSMEANDJUDAISME. Altara. Ante tuos ortus am sine honore fnernnt, Liber, et in gelidis herba reperta focis. Te memoront,Gangetotoq'Oriente subacto, Primitias magno seposuisse Jovi. Cinnama tu primus captivaque thura, dedisti, Deq' triumphato viscera tosta hove. Nomine ab auctoris ducunt Libamina nomen, Libaq' :quod sacris pars datnr inde focis. Liba Deo finnt:succis quia dulcibns ille Gaudet, et aBaccho mella reperta fernnt.-[F. iii. 727-736.] ** Cymballs. Jamq' erat ad RhodopenPangreaq' finminaventum: Aerifere comitum concrepuere manus. Eccenovrecoeunt volucres, tinnitibus actre, Quosq' movent sonitns aera, sequuntur apes. Colligit errantes, et ino.rboreclaudit inani Liber:et inventi praemia mellis habet.-[F. iii. 739744.] 15 Beating brasse-paunes, &c.,whenBeesdoeswarme,wchens-tomeisstill observed. MinervaT'PatronesseofScholars,Shoemakers,Diers,&c: SoSt Luke forPainters,St Crispine forShoemakers,&c. LIB. IIII.APRIL. Tabors,henceDrummes. ---prisciq' imitamina facti Aera Deae comites raucaq' terga movent.-[F. iv. 211-12.] InHerefordshire,&c.partaoftheMarchesofWales,the Tabor andpipewereexceedingcommon :manyBeggarsbegd withit :andthePeasants dancedtoitintheChurchyardon Holydayes and Holyday-eves. TheTaboris derivedfromtheSistrumof theRomans(who had it from the)(se.a brazen or Iron Timbre!).Crotalum aRing ofBrass struck withanIronrod:asweplaynowwith theKey and Tongues.1 1 [See Appendix.] Digitizedby Google 16REMAINSOFGENTILISHEANDJUDAISME. Recieving of Sortes. The lot is from the Lord.-Proverbs, eh.16, v.33, and chap.18, v.18. Usus a. best Veneris:nee a.sanima.lia. mensis Ponere:nee digiti& annulus ullus [in]est.-F. iv.657-8.] Sampson'sFoxes. Utque lua.t poenas geus hlllC,cerea.libus a.rdet: Quoq' modo segetes perdidit, ille perit.-[F. iv.711-2.] Fire- Ordeale. Certe ego transilui positas ter in ordiue fta.mmas.-[F.iv. 727.] Holy-water-sprinkle. Uda.q'[virgaque] rora.tas la.urea.misit aquas.-[F. iv.728.] PerfumesofferedtoyeGods. I, pete virginea. populus suffimen a.ba.ra..-[F. iv.731.] ** Sanguis equi suffimen erit, vituliq' fa.villa.: Tertia. res, durae culmen inane fa.bae. Pa.stor, oves ea.turas a.dprima. crepuscula. lustret Uda. prius spa.rga.t, virgaq' verra.t humum. Frondibus et fixis decorentur ovilia. ra.mis; Et tegat orua.ta.s longa. corona. fores. Coerulei fia.ntpuro de sulfure fumi; Ta.ctaq' fumanti sulfure ba.let ovis.-[F. iv.733-740.] *** Silvicola.m tepido la.cteprecare Pa.len. Consule, die,pecori pa.riter pecorisq' ma.gistris: E1fugia.t sta.bulis noxa. repulea. meis.-[F. iv.746-8.] SoonMarsfield-downeandthereabout,atnightthey prayd toGod&StOswaldtokeepthesheepsafeinyeFold :&in the morning they prayedtoGodandSt Oswaldto[See p.27.] Haec ubi ca.sta.rum processit ab a.gminematrum, Et manibus puris fluminis ha.usit aqua.m, Ter caput irrorat, ter tollit in aethera pa.lma.s.-[F. iv.313-315.] Digitizedby Google REliiAINSOFGENTILIS:MEANDJUDAIS:WC. 17 Britannos vero prreDiis aliisCereremetProserpinam(quae et lsis dicitur)inferna coluissenuminaStraboperhibet.Hinc infernales suiritus etnocturnasacra.Noxdiemducit,et per noctes,dierumseriem;perlunas,mensium;perhyemes,an-norumnumerant.SichodieSevennightprovii.diebus,a fortenightequasifourteennightproxiv.diebusdicimus.Et majores nostri xx, xxx, lx.winters pro totidem annis recitabunt ; hyemem autem ideo conferrabant infernalibus, quod rerum semina subhoctemporeabeisdem existimabant conservari.-Spelmani [cfr.Glossarium,428, s.v. Noctes].[W. K.] Cheese1ats. Dentq' viam liquido vimina rara sero.-[F. iv. 770.] ---et nos faciamns ad annum Pastorum dominae gran4ia liba Pali.-[F. iv. 775-6.] Prayingtowards y' East. ---haec tu conversus ad ortus Dieter et in vivo prolue rore manns.-[F. iv. 777-8.] Purgation. Omnia purgat edax ignis, vitiumq' metallis Excoquit:idcirco cum duce purgat oves.-[F. iv. 785-6.) Burning of thedead. Arsurosq' artns unxit (se. Romuli).-[F. iv. 853.j Ultima plorato subdita fiamma rogo.-[F. iv. 866.] WhiteSurplisses. Obstitit iu media candida turba via.-[F. iv. 906.] Preeambulation.se.Rubigalia. Neeventi tantum Cereri nocuere, nee imbres; Nee sic marmoreo pallet adusta gelu; Quantum, si eulmos Titan incalfaeit udos: Tum locus est irae, diva timenda, tuae.-[F. iv. 917-920]. 0 Digitized byGoogle 18 REMAINSOFGENT!LISMEANDJUDAISME. LIB.V.MAY. Praestitibus Maiae laribus videre Kalendae Aram constitui, signaque parva Deum.-[F. v.129-130.] May-day,{alias}St. Pltilip and Jacob,se.1May. now Mater, ades, florum, ludis celebranda jocosis; Distuleram partes mense priore tuas. Incipis Aprili:transis in tempora Maii. Alter te fugiens, cum venit alter, habet.-[F. v.183-186.] InfastigioTurrisCollegiiS.MagdalenaeOxoii,MinistriistiusSodalitii chorales,annuatimdemore,primodieMaijadhoramquartamma.tutinam melodice cantant.Ant. a Wood, Historia &Antiquitates Oxo lib. ii. p. 211. 'Tis commonly sayd, in Germany, that theWitches doemeet in the night before the first day of Mayupon an high Mountain, called theBlocks-berg, situated in Ascanien, where they together with the Devils doe dance, and feast, and the common People doe the nightbefore yesaid day fetchacertainthorn,andstickit at their house-door,believmg the witches can then doethemno harm. Mdm.atOxfordtheBoyes doeblowCowshorns &hollow Caxes all night ;and onMay-day day the young maidsof every parish carry abouttheirparishGarlands ofFlowers,wh after-wards they hang up in their Churches. Commons~Forests. Venerat in morempopulidepascere saltus: Idq' diu licuit, poenaq' nulla fuit. Vindice servabat nullo sua publica vulgns: Jamq' in privato pascere inertia erat.-[F. v.283-286.] Serenades.1 Ehrius ad durum formosae limen amicae Cantat:habent unctae mollia serta comae.-[F. v. 339-340.] Diriges,orMasses for yeDead. Ritns erit veteris, u.v!Wpe'>..E8;,para9vpoii, N;,8vpoc;apfltxvfJElc;.--"HMea'iwi1/roxr}8EV..oio navr'avriipyefJot;TEmifiJ&paraflnitt, Kaiflwvl,vroiawepixpo'ieiparalo;o. l:rija' dp'v1rip xai"'"'wpoc;J&V9ovlEtmv. EMec;,abrdplpio')t.e')t.acrJ&voc;l'lf'')t.ev'Ax&Ueii. ObJ'lvtwovroc;aq8etc;,ci>Wi9avovroc; 9a'lf'T6pellrr&raxtcrra,7fb')t.ac;'Aloao'lf'Epqcrw TijMpee'lpyscr&!fivxaiEiow')t.aObr!p1rwc;J&lcryecr9atv1ripworapoiolwcr&v 'AU'ailrwc;a')t.ti')t.qJ&a'av'ebpv1rv')t.ic;"A'iooc;ow. Castingdrinkeony' ground. H.p.288, v.480. Olvova' OfllrtllllllxaJ&aOtc;xiov,obO!rtf:lr')t.q nplv'lf'UfitVwplv')t.ei!fiatVlrEpJ'lvetKpo(JtWVt. TombePillar. SarpedonsMonument. n.p.644, v.673. 9;,crovcr'lv ebpflqc;wlovtOTJJ&W 'Ev9airapxvcrovcr&:acriYII'lrolreratre TVp.{3wrecrrf,')t.qreroydpypac;icrri9avovrwv. Sindgingof Swine. I.p.352, v.467. --UoUoioicrVEf:9a')t.oovrec;li}t.otflij EvopwotravVOVTOouif!}t.oyoc;'HtJ>alcrrolo, &crificing wine totheGods. I.p.362, T.651. "Oc;lfla9'oloiMv oiwac;&l'flc:Vm}t.}t.O, wapdvijac;faavwa')t.w. ThrowingdustononeBheadin mouming. op.926,v.162. Aa:pvcrcvE'iJ&ar'lflvpovo a'ivJ&crtrotcrtyepatoc; 'Evrvmir;lvx')t.aivpICf:a'AvJ&J&ivoc;""'"''oiwoUr} Kowpoc;;,rexalabx!vtroioy!povroc;. 1 AchUlem. Digitizedby Google REMAINSOFGENTILISME. W askingof hands beforeSacrifice. o.p. 934, v.363[302], King Priam. --af'I/Jt1rO}o.ovraf'tfiVwrpuv'0 XEpaivliJwpi1rtXEiiataldjparov.j 1rapk'l, XJpvl.{3ov1rpoxo6v9'll,.a,xepaivlxouaa. lW'll'fUovlJi(aro>7saMxoto. EiixEr'l'll'nrao;dj;,.iaqJipiCE,}o.ei/3E olvov, OVpavlwelaavt8wvtflwvfJaa,;l1ro,;,VJa "Zeii1rar11p,&c. Lotts.[See p.90.] 0. p. 938, v.899. "E(Jioivlec;laaw,iywJloiE/3Jo,.O,;eifJ' Twv,.ira71'illo,.woc:,IC}o.TJP'IJ}o.axovAv9aa'3 Timeof Mourning. o.p. 954, v.669[664]. 'E'llllij,.ap,.vIC' aurovtvif'Eyapou;yoaot,.ev, TjJEICarvJiICEe&rrotf'Ev,Ja'lviirore}o.a6c; JiICErvf'/30'11i71''avrr; Giving of theright Hand. Ibid. v. 676[671]. o,apatflwvfJaac;,hrl1Cap7rtj:xeipayipovro,; "EUa/3EJE(trEpf}v,/'fJ1rUif:JdaetlviOv,.r;. Singing at Funeralls.[Soo p.31.] o.p.956[719]. -- rov,Uvl1rltra TPflrOif:iv}o.Exhaat9iaav,71'apda'daavaotJotl,;, 9pqvwvi(apxovc;,o'irEt17'0VOEUUQ'llaou)ojv 01 tip'i9pqvEov,l1rlJeo;EvaxovroyuvaiiCE,. Tjatva''AvJpopax'l}o.eviCw}o.evo'>lPXEyooo,&c. 145 ThenHecuba(Hector'smother)makesherspeech;then Helen. L Digitized byGoogle 146.REHAINSOFGENTILISME. 0. p. 962, " 724[801). --civrdpl'll'll&f'll Ev11Wtlynpap&o&,8alv11Vf''lpuro8Ea8aira llwpatrw1vIIpui'"'co--Waahingof hands beforePrayer. J.p.334, " 171. 8!xEp111vlilwp, rei'Mt79e, o,palldKpov8-g&.p,116J'ffJ',a&'U.eq11J. Achilla singingtheActs of Herd a tohiBharpe in hiBtent. I.p.336, v.186. Tovl/eflpov,p,varEp'll'oJ'Evov'"PI''YY'>-r'''' KaAi8a&8a>.i-g(inll/lzpy{!pEocZ:vyoct}ev). 111vapr'l(lvap- 'II'OA&VHErU...voc6Aif1f1at;. Tj lSyE8t,,Vlf'Ep'II'W,ae&8el/dpaiA.Eaav8pwv. &yingGrace.&crifice beforeMeate. I.p.338, v.220 [219]. -- 8EOUt&8i8iif1a&avwye& IlarpoAov,8viraipov.o 8'lv'II'Vpif3tlAAlhiiJMc Lotts. ,. p.912, v. 861.At yeGames. Jaqpac8'lvVVI-gxWI,p&i'll'tlAAovi>.Ovrec. Lotta . r. p.124, " 316. KMpaclvnl!f-gxaAqpE'i'll'illovIMvrec, '07f"'I'MEpOC8r}wpof19w"''''I XMXEOVlrxoc. Aaol8'r}pq1111VTO,8eo'if1l8iXEtpflCavif1xov "Ocap'l,2,""'UUEv8iplyacnpv8aio>.oc'Enwp, A>/1op6wv.Ilapwc8i8owclAijpocopovtnv. REMAINSOFGENTILISIIIE.

:z.p. 714, v.205. 8iolVEfO!:lid.v.10(359]. Abrdpiweip lv(avro,l11,a(avl8eipav, ltrlflpoV'r'l(lrapuv,r:ararer:vl11rrp At1I'T'IIX4wotf111avrt,,l1r'avrliivwpo6fTf1114V. OMdxovpl6v lw'ai6oplvot,lapoi11w, AU'll8ar1111'1v8ovr,l!rW7rTIIIVlyr:arawavra. GraceCup. It is of great antiquity,seeconcerningitin Athenrens:but ])r Th.GuydolM.D.bathwrittvery fullyof itinhislearned Book,se.Historia 1Esculapii, aMS.Concerningthe gracecup, readStuckius.In Dr Godwin'sRoman Antiquities, lib. ii. eh. 1. He mentions,Poculum.charitatis bonigenij. SacredOalc. T.p.692, v. 29(296]. Tavl! l,Aw8Wv,v'aro{3;,pwm,Ofptl6toio '& 8pvo,Vo/xopowl1rar:oilrrp. Gloriesof Saints. J .p. 570, v. 9[363]. 'Bpq,pot8or:i11t8at8wv lpptvatavroii KaiDigitizsabvGoogle REMAINSOFGENTILISME.149 PasBageof &uls overWhinny-moore,Y orlcBh.[See p.31.] :z.p675, v.3(417]. 'A).).'/i.yer'olVOXOOf:plvhrap(aCT9wclnraECTCTIV, otppar:arar:flo,uvoir:aclo.p. 118 in initio[v.9]. -cl' li.paCT'/1111 llr:ar:qrar:ar'e/Jpwevrar:iXev6a. ndpcl'fCTav'Or:Eavoiir6Xllvr:acla'lf'irPfJII, 'Bcli7ra/JtjeXiotoclijpov'Ov11ipwv, meTal!'au/lacl'ir:ovror:ar'aCTtpocl6XOIIMtpCJva, BvearevaiovCT&tfroxal,ltclwXar:apovrwv. Ki88ing. Taking bytheHand. 0. p.140, " 25(397]. --OclVCTW!:cli r:6CT6XEtpl'll'ir:ap7rtji. 'Apxprpt"'JI.wot,MasterBof theFeast. Se.attheFeastwasaSacrifice,asistobeseen bymany instances in Homer.TheMasteroftlteFeasttookecarethat noondranke toolittleortoomuch.SeeTheod.Beza'sNotes onthe NewTestament.'Tis nowthe MagjorDrnno. Chimnit8. Hearthsareofgreaterantiquitythanchimneys.Hearths were firstusedbothforsacrificesandhouses,e.g.Temple-hall, &c. Sectaq. fumosis exta dedere focis.-Ovid.Fastoru'lib. iv.(638]. Adas. pro aris & focis. Camiuus, was thechimnevwherethevmeltedtheir Oares. Digitizedby Google 150 BEHAINSOFGENTILISKE. H'flhlandera(in&otland). Piscis adhuc illi populo aine fraude natabat.-Ovid. Fast. lib. v.[vi.173]. Ihave heardsomeof 01.Cromwels army say,that theHigh-landers ate only oate-meale and water and milk: that their Rivers didabound withTrowtesbut they had not the witt totakethem tilltheEnglish taught ,em. "TheLaplanderssolemnemariages,and beginnethesame with fireand jlynt,aswithamysterysoaptlyappliedtothe image of stone asif it hadbeenreceavedfromthemiddestof Grecia.For, inthat they adhibit amystery tofire, as they doe notthisalone(forasmuchastheRomansobservedthesame custome) evensoare they hereinpartly tobecorn endedinthat theyusethe ceremoniesof sonoblea people.Themysteryof theFlyntisno!essetobepraysed,both forasmuchasthis is domesticallPhiJosophie,andhath alsoa neer affinitieand signi-fication tothese solemnities.For asthe flynt bath in it firebeing hid,whichappearethnotbutbymouvingeandforce,sois there a secret life in bothkindesofmanand woman,which by mutuall conjunctioncomethforthtoalining birth., 1 Ihave aconceit that theHighlanders have somethingof this custome,dequoqurere. OATULLUS,OUKNOTISVABIOBU9TBA.TEOTIADBHENUX,1659. Sneuing. De Acme et Septimio.Epig. 46.[xlv. 8, 9]. Hoc ut dixit, Amor, ainistram, ut ante, Dextram aternuit adprobatiouem. Drumme, or ratherTalxJur.Epigr.64[lxi\i.9, 10]. Tympanum, tubam, Cybelle, tna, mater, iuitia; Quatiensq. terga tauri teneris cava digitis. 1 Appendix to Peter Martyr'11 Decads, pag. 272. Digitizedby Google BElrLUNBOFGENTILISKE. 151 "- The army being enflamed with this speech, and making shew of aresolution to fight,Scipiocomendiugtheirgoodwill, sent them away and gave themcharge tofeedand be ready and in armes at thesoundof the Trumpet and Drumme " 1 (seethe original inGreeke,Isuspect it isamistake). p ef'iwi{Jges. "PeriwiggeswerewornebyHannibalforadisguise."-Polybius, lib. iii. 148,D. TIBULLUS. Dreames. Ipse procuravi ne possent smva nocere Somnia, ter ancta deveneranda mola.[I. v.13, H). Not-ploughingonHoly-daies. Luce sacra requiescat humus, requiescat arator; Et grave snspenso vomere cesset opns.-Lib. ii. eleg. 1 [0-6]. non audeat nlla Lanificam pensis imposui888manuml9-10]. TakingPenanceinaWhiteSheete.LW.i. eleg.3[29-30]. Ut mea votivas persolvens Delia noctes[voces], Ante sacras, lino tecta, ores sedeat: It seemesinthosedayestheydidtheirPenance{Wlb.thfiout} e ore the Church dore. LW.ii.eleg.5 [89-90]. Ille 1 levis stipnlle sollennes potns acervos Accendet, fiammas transilietq. sacras. Purgationum qua diePaliliam[sic]fiebant, meminit Ovidius : sedmosiste transiliendiignem e frenoet stipulis excitatii,cujus Propertius quoq'meminit lib.iv. valdenotandus est :quia exeo 1 Polybins, lib. ill. about ymiddle. 1 Pastor. Digitizedby Google 152REMAINSOFGENTILISME. cognoscimusundemosilleessetortasquoetveteresquidem Christiani leguntur usi,ignemtransiliendicerta anni die, expia-tioniscausaetdivinationisTheodoritus-aliamoriginemillius fecit,explicansmoremtransmittendifiliosperignem,cujus srepefitmentio in vetereFmdere :adhucsuaretateservatama nonnullis fuisseeam consuetudinemscribit, idq.se in quibusdam civitatibus fierividisse testator.Diem nonindicat hujus su.psti-tionis...Atq.ut Paliliumcatharmiexeuntevere, aut ineunte~ e & t a t eagitabantur aRusticisRomanis,sic isti Junij die xxiijaut xxiv, inquam JoannisBaptistrenatalisincidit,ignem e foonoexcitatum transiliebant.-CASAUBON. Lib.iii.Ekg. 4 [910]. Et vatum ventnra hominnm genus omina noctia Farre pio placant & saliente sale. Ibid.Apollo's Harp in ports ii. or iii.[ib. 39]. Hane primnm veniens pieetro modulatus ebnrno. Friar's frock8,4'ShatJelings. Qui grege linigero eirenmdatus, et grege ealvo.-Juvenal, Sat. vi.(533) Perhaps they were like the whitefriars, asT' Moroccofashion. Nunc dea lioigeri eolitur eeleberrima turb&.-Ovid. Meuun, lib.i.(U7] de !side et saeerdotibus ejus. Linigeri fngiontealvi, sistrataq. turba.-Martial, Ep. lib.xij . Ep. 29(19). PBOPJCBTIUB. Hardmen.Lib.i.eleg.12[9-10]. lovidie fuimus:numme Deas obmlt?an qUill Leeta Prometheis dividit 1 herba jugis. 1(i).xiovwr:raxor:axn. Nuncfurfuressacrificabo.Tu vero Diaua etiam ilium qui apudinfcros est, Rhadamanthum movereposses, et siquid alium firmumest, Thestyli, canes nobis per nrbem latrant; Dea adest intrivijs:vasrenenmquamprimumpulsa.

Digitizedby Google 164REMAINSOFOENTILISME. So---visreq.canes ululare per urbem Adventante De& --Virg.1Eneid.-[vi. 257,258.] Itchingof onesRi{;ht Eie. Idyllium iii.: AMera&po>..vcipay'l6,;.1'611 Abrav;d.n6pa&W'01'&ravW"inwa' Ibid. [29, 30] : Ob8Aror11>..i;t>..ovW"ortpci(aroroK>..aray11pa 'AU' aW"a>..w"'eST'"'axe&i(ap.apav9,. Ibid.[31]: Telephilon alli.sum nullam edidit sonum Sed frustra molli in brachio tabefactum est. SieveandSheeres. ElW"ei,'Aypo.,;,r'a>..a9iaKot711&V6pavr!.f:. Dixit et Agneo vera, cribro vaticinans. Sorcerie. "Whatvirtueyetsleepsinthisterradamnataandaged cinderswerepettymagicktoexperiment;thesecrumbling reliquesandlong-fixedparticles superannatesuchexpectations. Bones,hairs,nails,andteethof thedeadwerethetresuriesof oldsorcerers.In vainwerevivesuchpractises;present super-stition too visibly perpetuates the folly of our Forefathers, wherein unto oldobservationthisIslandwassocompleatthat it might haveinstructedPersia." 1 IrememberatBristow(whenIwasaboy) it wasacommon fashionforthewoemen,to get aToothout of aSckullin yeeh: 1 s Tb: Brown's Ume-buriall, p.42.Britanniahodieeamattonitecelebrat tantis ceremonijs,ut dedisse Perais videre possit.Plin: 1:29. Digitizedby Google REMAINSOFGENTILISJIIE.165 yard,wchtheyworeasapreservativeagainsttheTooth-ach. Under the cathedral-church at Hereford isthe greatest Charnel-house(i)forbones,thateverIsawinEngland.In A0 1650 there livedamongstthosebonesapoor oldwomanthat,tohelp outherfire,didusetomixthedeadmen'sbones;thiswas thriftandpoverty,but cunningalewives{ p ~ t t }theAshesof miX thesebonesintheirAletomakeit intoxicating.Dr.Goddard boughtbonesoftheSextons,tomakehisdropswith.Some makeaplayster fortheGowte withthe earth or mucilagenewly scraped fromtheshin-bones. Christwn formeof Buriall. "ThelastvaledictionofyeGentiles-vale,vale,valenos teordine quonaturapermittatloquemur-thriceutteredbythe attendantswasverysolemn,andsomwhatansweredbythe Christians, whothought it toolittle,if they threw not theearth thriceupontheenterredbody.Instrewing theirtombsthe RomansaffectedyeRose;the Greeks, Amaranthus andMyrtle; that theFunerall pyreconsistedofsweetfuell,Cypress,Firre, Larix,Yewe,andtreesperpetuallyverdant,laysilentexpres-sionsof their surviving hopes.WhereinChristians whichdeck theirCoffinswithBayshavefoundamoreelegant Embleme. Forthatheseemingdead,willrestoreitselfefromtheroot, andits dry andexuccousleavesresumetheirverdureagain." Ibid.p. 56. Y ewe-treesin Church-yards. Ibid."Whether the planting of Yewe-trees inChurch-yards hold not its originall from ancient Funeral! rites or as an Embleme of Resurrection fromitsperpetuall verduremay alsoadmit con-jecture." p. 60."That they buried11.pieceof moneywiththemasa Fee of theElysianFerry-manwasapractise fullof folly." p.61."Why the Funerall suppers consistedof Egges, Beans, Smallage, andLettuce, since the dead aremadeto eat Asphodels Digitizedby Google 166REMAINSOFGENTILISME . about the Elyzian meadows?Why, since thereisnoSacrifice acceptable,nor any propitiationfortheCovenantofgrave, men set up the Deity of Morta, and fruitlesslyadoredDivinities without eares?It cannot escape somedoubt." Musickat Funerall8. p.57."They madeuseofMusicktoexciteorquietthe afFectionsoftheirfriends,accordingtodifFerentharmonies. But the secret and symbolicalhintwastheharmonica!nature of the soul,whichdelivered fromthebody, went again to enjoy the primitive harmony of heaven, from whence it first descended; which,according to its progress traced by antiquity, came downe by Cancer and ascended by Capricorn us." The Diurnal gave us the descriptionof thepompousfuneral of QueenChristina's mother, in Sweedland, (A0 ), where, among other piecesof State, there was funeral, Musiq.contrived withpassionate slidnotes. InGermanyinZerbstinAnhaltatGentlemen'sfuneralls is most alwayes avery goodFuneralCramer.This the reasonof ringing out theBells inmostChurches as soonas ever thebody is in-laid.W. K. Lysing w"' !I headW eatwardsin !I Grave. p.47.--''Though wedeclineyeReligious consideration, yetincemiteriallandnarroweburyingplaces,toavoidcon-fusionandcross position,acertain posture were tobeadmitted, which evenPagan civility observed,thePersianslay northand the south,Megareans andPhooniceansplacedtheir headsto the East,theAtheneans,somethink,towardstheWest,which Christians still retain." AtMidleton-StonyinyecountyofOxfordmostofthe antientgravesinthechurch-yardeitherbyignoranceorby the spirit of opposition,lie north and south,aswasobservedto meby the l&.teRev.Mr.Henry Gregory.W. K. o;9,11zedby Google - ~ - - ~ - - - - . REMAINSOFGENTILIS.ME.167 C(lrpscarried withthe feet f(lremost. p.58."That they carriedthemont oftheworldwiththeir feetforward,not inconsonanttoreason :Ascontrary untothe nativepostureofman,andhisproductionfirstintoit.And alsoagreeableuntotheiropinions,whilethey bidadieuunto the worldnot tolookagainuponit,whereastheMahometans, whothink toreturntoa delightfulllife again, arecarriedforth with their heads forwardand looking towardtheir houses.'' p.62."TheghostsareafraidofswordsinHomer,yet Sybillatells.lEneasinVirgil,thethinhabitsofspirits was beyond the forceof weapons." But Michael Psellas positively affirmes, that Spirits are capable ofbeing hurt ;andsosay otherwritersof magick ;andone ad,;sedMr.Mompesson,of Tydworth, toshoot suddenly andat randome inthe aire. Cymhalls. "We readinClemensAlexandrinus 1 that the Arabians made useofcymbalsintheir warsinstead of other militu.rymusick ; andPolyrenusinhisStratagemsaffirmiththatBacchusgave the signal!of Battle untohisnumerous Army not with Trumpets but withTympansandCymbals." Fromtympanacameourtaborsand!TnamburreslMdm, rummes theNorwegianorLapland drummewchMr.J.Heysiggaveto yemusreumof the Royal Societie.Bacchus madeextraordinary ConquestsinyeEast,butTime&Oblivionbathturn'dthem intofables.-SeeHerodotus dehijs. House-leekset onhouses. "Nature bath somwhatafteraQuincuncialmannerordered the bushin JupitersbeardorHouse-leek;wcholdsuperstition set onthetopsof houses,asa defensativeagainst lightening and thunder."2-Cyrus Gardenp.126. 'Miscellanies, p.122. ll(The frequent planting of thisontheroofsofhousesandoutbuildingsis probably due to abelief in its preservative qualities.DeGubernatis enumerates it among the plants which are " Censees proteger contre le tonnerre "(Mythologie desPlantes, i. 293).Ed.] Digitizedby Google 168REMAINSOFGENTILIBME. Violin. Apollo' Htwpe. [Here is afigure.] The Plectrum was a piece of Ivory, or Box, with which they stopt the string, instead of a fret, and then toucht~ string with their Finger. ItappearsbyBasse-relieves,&c., figures of Antiquity, that Apollo'sHarpe (of this Fashion)had but fowerstrings: nowfowerstringscanhavebutfower Notes;wherefore, sayessChristopher Wren,thatthePlectrumwasnotthe Instrumenttostrikethestringswith, as wedoe strike the strings of a Citterne with a Quill ;but they used the Plectrum tostoppewhinsteadof Fretts,andso shortened the string to yenotethey had occasionfor.Soatlengththeycame tonecksandfretts:whicharemuch better :and from henceis descendedour Violin &c.But it wastheBow-string, that wasthefirstHint forString-Instruments ofMusick. At tu matemo donasti nomine mensem, Inventor curvm, fnribus apte, fidis. Nee pietas hmcprima tua est;septena put&ris, i>Ieiadum numemm, filadedisse lyrm. Ovid. Fastorum, lib. v.-[103-106.] "Lyra, quasi Xt'rrpa,quod Apollini a Mercurio (qui earn primus crediturinvenisse ),probourncompensationefuitdata,cum anteChelysdiceretur."-Calepin's Diet. VideOvid.Metamorph.lib.ii. fah.11. Pavit et Admeti tanros formosusApollo.Tibullus.-[Lib. ii. 3.] Vide Euripides Alcest de hoc. Qui poeticam Astrologiamscripserunt, volunt banc lyram esse a MercurioprimuminventaminCylleneaArcadimmonte,et abeoApolliuidonatum.Apollinemauteminventacithara, Orpheolyramconcessisse:mortuoautemOrpheo,aMusisin coolofuissecollocatam.-Calepin's Diet. Fertur in [et] abduct& Briseide [lyrneside] tristis Achilles, 1Emonia cnras attenuasse lyra.-Ovid. [Trist.] lib.4, eleg. i.[15, 16.] oigtized byGoogle ____..,.. ___.____ ..- ~ - - - - - - - P " ' ! ' .- - - ~ - - - - - - - -REMAINSOFGENTILISME. Te canam magni Jovis et Deormn Nuntium, curvreq.lyne parentem. 169 Horat. 1 Carm. ode16[lib. i.odex. 5, 6J. Cithara,"'8apa,aharpe.Instrumentummusicum.Hanc Hieronymus scribitefficiinmodumAliterrecumchordisvi-gintiquatuor,et per digitisvarijsvocibus,tinnulisq.in diversis modisconcitari.Plinius, lib. vii.cap. 56:A.ye firstrudiment of theharpe.-Idem.[i.e.Calepin's Diet.] Testudo.Musicummstrumentum vivre.testudinisfigurrenon admodumdissimile,quodetGrrecinominexe"'A.UJ)appellant (Angl.lute).HujusinventionemMercurioassignatHyginus, quiquumaliquandointestudinemincidisset,cujusvarolonga vetustate erat esesasolisrelictis nervis,quidigitispercussinon inamrenumedebant sonum,ex illiussimilitudinelyramexcogi-tavit;undeet testudinis illinomenmansisse quidam existimant. -Idem. 0decus Phcebi, &tdapibus supremi Grata testudo Jovis, o labormn Dulce lenimen, mihi cumq. salve Rite vocanti. Horat. lib. i. Carm.[ode xxxii. 18-16.1 Ipse, cava solans regrumtestudine remorem.-Virg. Georg. 4[4641. Cicero 2 deNat. Deormn.Quocirca et in fidibus testudine resonatur. Mdm.In GemmreetSculpturre antiqure depictre abLeonardo Augustino,4to,1685,isthefigureofLiradiApollo,withsix strings,between twoDolfinsunder aBull. Harpers. "TheMusitiansofthosetimeslivedinreputation,asyou shallperceivebytheBardesof WalesandIreland."-Dr.Rob. Record'sEpistlededicatorieof hisArithmetik toKing Edward vj.WhenIwasaBoyeveryGentlemanalmostkeptaHarper inhis house ;and someof themcouldversifie. Digitizedby Google 170REMAINSOFGENTILISME. Ammianus Marcellinus,lih .2m.cap.i:e. "Bardiquidemfortiavirorumillustriumfactaheroiciscom-posita versibus cumdulcibuslyne moduliscantitartmt." . . . . . . . Homer says somewhereinhisOdysses,that at bed-time they offeredwinetoMercury.-[See p.147.] Goodman.[Seep.181.] "Yeomen are not calledmasters, for that pertaineth to gentle menonly.But totheir sirnamesmenaddeGoodman,asif the sirnamebeLuter.Finch,Brown,theyarecalledGoodman Later,Good manFinch,GoodmanBrown, amongst their neigh-boursImeanenot inmatters ofimportance orinlaw.Bonus virnontantumJudexsetetquiuisaliusvirjustus,requus, justus,innocensetprudensconsideratuxq:paterfamiliasacci-piendus,I. iii. "-SrTh.Smytb'sC.W.chap.23.if.de Receptis,quiarbitriumverepetunt ut Sententiamdicant. Horat. lib. I. epist.[xvi. 40,41.] ---Vir bonus est qnis? Qui consulta patrwn, qui leges juraq. servat, &c. Quilibetitaq.minimeastutus&fallax,sedintegrrevitm& existimationisidoneusq.& diligenspaterfamil. virbonusappel-latur,proeodemq.virumbonum&bonumpatremfamil.nostri auctoresdicunt.-L. ix. LexiconJuridicamJo.Calvini.ButaGoodmaninthe acceptation oftheLondon-Scrivenersisawealthyfore-handed man that isgood security. Yeoule.See oneof yeformerparts.[See p.5.] IntheNewes-letterwasanadvertisementofDecemb.)6th, fromIreland, that theEnniskelling-men designetopresenthis Digitizedby Google REMAINSOFGENTILIS.ME. 171 grace yeD. of Schonberg with 1,000 head of Black-cattle against Yllle. [Boy-Bishop. J Under thearch,between twopillars onthenorthsideofye naveofyecathedrallchurchofSarum,isalittlemonument inPurbec marbleof anEpiscopusPuerorum,whodied,inhis honour}Mr.Lancelot MorehousepresentedtoSeth,Ld of SarumanoldSermon,that waspreachedat St. Paule's, Lon don,uponthat occasions.So Ibelieve,that therewereEpiscopi puerorumineveryCathedrallchurch of England ;and thelike inAbbies andPriories,fromwhencecomeof socommonnames asBishop,Abbot,Prior,asKingfromKingoftheBeane. Whatdignity happenedtofallduring theChoristers Episcopat (whichIthinklastedallthetwelve-dayes)wasinhis

gmft. Thetradition of yeChoristers, and those that showtheChurch is,ytthisChilde-bishopbeingmelancholy,the Childrenofye Choire did tickle him to make him merry, but they did so overdoe it that theytickledhimtodeath :anddyeinginhisofficeand Honour,herewasthis little monumentmadeforhim,wththe episcopal ornaments,e.f!,mitre,crosse,and cope. 11teQuintin. Riding at yeQuintin(inFrenchQuintaine) at Weddings was usedbytheordinary sort(but not very common)tillthebreak-ing.. outof theCivil .. warres.WhenIlearnedtoreadeIsa we oneataWaddingofoneofyeFarmers[?]atKington .. St.-Michael;it isperformedat a crosseway,anditwasthereby the pound,and'twasa pretty rustiquesport.SeetheMasque f .BJh.hth.{ livelie } 0IDen:onson,wereereISa'-'t per1ec descriptionof thiscustome. Mr....Gregories Miscellanies, where he speakes of this monument. Digitizedby Google 172REMAINSOFGEN'l'ILISME. [Thereisafigureheretowhichthefollowingdescription refers.] b isaRoller(for corne)pitchedonendin some crosse way, or convenient placebywhichtheBrideisbrought home. a,a leatherSatchell filledwhSand. c,at this end,theyoungfellowesthataccompanytheBride, doegivea lustybangwiththeirtruncheons,whichtheyhave forthis'{)Urpose,and if they are notcunningatitandnimble, theSand-bag takes'eminyepowle,andmakesthemreadyto fallfromtheir horses.c,c,isa piece of woodabout an elllong that turnes onthepinneoftheRowler,e.Whentheymake their strokethey ride a fullcareer.It seemes to be a remainder of theRomanPalus.v.Juvenal, satyr vi. v.[247-249.] --ant qnis nonvidit vnlnerapali,1 Quemeavat assidnis sudibns, scutoq. lacessit, Atq. omnes implet numeros?' Lar. TheIrish doekeepsomeof the last yearesWheat orBarley, tohangupintheirHouses,asaLar.SeeinBlaen'sAtlas concerning this. Becausesomeusedtohangtheseidolsintheirchimneys, Lar isusedfora chimney,pro foco,prodomo,etproigne.-Holyoke'sDiet. Staffsand &eptres. "Rods andStaffs werethe badges,signes,andcognizances of Princes, and were a kind of Sceptre in their hands, denoting their TheStaff ofDivinityisordinarily described in the handsof Gods and inolddraughts.Trojan and Adqueminterradefixiifreminreexercenttanqnll.tyrones,utsimnlat& pngna,feriendi,insiliendi,recedendivendisciplinamediscant.Vegetins. [lib. ii.] 'Se.motnum et excercitationium militarium. Digitizedby Google REMAINSOFGENTILIS.ME.173 Grecianprinceswere not without the like, whereof the shoulders of Thersites feltfrom thehandRof Ulysses.Achilles,inHomer, asbyadesperateoath,swearesby hiswoodenSceptrewhich shouldneverbudnorbearleavesagain;which,seemingthe greatest impossibility tohim,advanceth theMiracleof Aaron's rod.And if it could bewellmade out thatHomer had seenthe Bookes of Moses,in that expressionof Achilleshe might allude unto thisMiracle." 1 WelshHuhbubs. TheGauleshadthevery samecustome in J. Cresar's time,as is tobeseen in lib. vii.of hisCommentaries. Marriages. "I thinke,amongsttheoldRomans,thesemarriageswhich were madeper coemptionemin manum,and perresand libram, madethe wifeinmanu & potestateviri,whereofalsowehad in ouroldlawandceremony ofmarriage acertain memoria asa viewand vestigium:ForthewomanattheChurch-door was given of theFather,or someother of thenext of kinne,intothe handsof thehusband,andhelayddownegoldand silver for her upon thebookeasthoughhedidbuy her;thePriest was belike instead of Lipercus." 2 Keepersoffered[offerings]toSt.Luke. At Stoke V erdon in yparishof BroadOhalke,Wilts,wasa ChapellinthechapelclosebytheFarme-housededicated to St. Luke, who is yePatron or, Tutelar Saint of yeHome-beastes, andthosethat have todoewiththem.Wherfore,theKeepers STho' Brown's Miscellanys, pag.31. STho: Smyth's Comon Wealth of England, p.240. DigitizedbyGoogle 174REMAINSOFGENTILISME. andForrcsters of yeNew Forest camehither yeare at St. Lukes-tyde,{towite} their offeringstoSt.Luke,thatthey mightbe fortunateintheirGame,theirDeer,&theircattle.Inthe likemannertheForesters,&c.ofKingsWood,incorn.Glor. didcometomaketheir offeringsat Turvills Acton, in Glocester-shire;theChapell,wchisbut little,but wellbuilt,stands inthe middleofyestreet:butwasdedicated,theysay,toSaint Margaret. En cette grappe souueraigne, Digne present de l'immortel, Pour en faire a la Magdelaine,1 Une devotieuse estraine An plus beau lieu du grand Autel.2 Dextras. [Utque]ut pignus fidei(fide]dextras utrasq.[utriusque]popoecit, Inter seq.datas junxit.-Ovid, Metamorph. lib. vi.De Philomela, [506-7.] 1Eacidre longo juvenes post tempora visu, Agnovere tamen Cephalum (Legatum) dextrasq.dedere. Ovid. Metam. lib.vii.-[494-5.1 AtPriorieSt.Mary(anunnery), inyeparishofKingston St.Michael,havebeenformerly,andalsolately,foundupon digging in yegarden,inconsecratedground,several!coffinsof freestone ;theyhaveallahole,ortwointhebottom,boredwh anaugur.Therewasfotmd,about1640,a roundstone,likealittlegrindstone,ofabout [Fignre.]twofeetdiameter,withtwohandsholdinga heartonly ononeside,asinthemargent.To what useit servedIcouldnever learne;it was foundat the footof aGrave in whichthere was fuundaChalice. 1 Pomona. 2 Seigneur Pibrac, Plaisirs duGentilhoiiieChampestre. Digitizedby Google , ' REMAINSOFGENTILISME.176 This putts mein mind ofsomepassagesin Tacitus :se.Hist. lib. i.:Miserat Civitas Lingonum, vetereinstituto dona Legioni-bus,dextrashospitijinsigne.Hist.lib.ii. :Centurionemq. SisennamdextrasconcordireinsigniaSyriaciexercitusnomine adprestorianos ferentem,varijsartibusaggressusest.-SeeT. Lipsij,notas. Homer's lliads,A,p.146[ v.159] : l:rov8ai.,.tUp'l'rO&~OE(uzi,;,hrifr&9JU11 dextne junctallidebamus. C.PLINIJBECUNDI.HIBT.NATURAL, (cumnotis variis ). Such or such a floweror plant happened togrow uponsuch a ones grave (as yegreat bore-thistle on good-wifeJacquez) gave the occasion of imagining that they wereturned into that flower or plant, as Ajax into a hyacinth,&c. Ye modern manner of MerchantsAccompts,se.Debtorand. Creditor. Huic (Fortunre) omniaexpensa,huic omnia feruntur accepta, & in tota ratione mortalium,solautramq. paginam facit.c.7. Lotts.1 Adeoq.obnoxiresumusSorti,ut sors ipsa pro Deosit. Putting on the right Shoe first. Libro secundo, cap. 7.DivusAugustuslrevumprodidit sibi calceum prrepostereinductum, quodieseditionemilitareprope afll.ictus est. 1 [See p. 90,&c.] o;9,11zedby Google 17S REMAINSOFGENTILII!ME. Astrolouie-Ascendent. Pars alia hanc(Fortunam) pellit,astroq. suo eventus assign at, & nascendi legibus.cap.7,p.11. Anuella toithWinu" Aligeros deos.-Ibid. Curricles. Lib.vii.cap.56.InMonmouthshire,&c.inWales;and alsoin the River Severne, eYenasfar asWorcester, thesekind of Boates (wchthey call curricles)are used to this day. Conjuration. Lib. ii. cap. 53.Extat Annalium memoria,sacris quibusdam et precationibus vel cogi fulmina,vel impetrari. See the travells of Seign de laValle, dedicated toPope.... concerning MountCarmel,where he gives an account, that after the prayers there performedby yePassengersinthecaravans, doeensueRaines.Alsohetheregivesanaccount,ytMount Sinai is avulcano,&(I thinke he says likewise)Mount Horeb. Mdm.InyLifeof V avasourPowelisavery observable remarke of yepower of Prayer, se. Anno.... there was an extraordinary Drowth, theCongregationmet&joynedinfer-vent prayer ;and though acloudhadnot beenseen forseveral! weekes,while they were intheir humiliation,Godsentthema mighty refreshingShowre of Raine. o;9,11zedby Google REMAINSOFGENTILISME.177 SneeZing. Lib.ii.cap.40.Origem,appellat1Egyptusferam,quam in exortuCaniculreet contra stare,etcontueri[traditl, acvelut adorare,cumsternuerit.(An respexitadmoremveterum,quo sternuentesnontantumabhisquiaderant,salutabantur;sed etiam ipsi sibi qui sternuebant,Deum propitiumprecabantur, et adorabant.Salmas, 474.) Sneezing andstumbling with the footare countedmattersof presage :inaugurijssternutainenta,etoffensionespedum. cap.5. y; s neof { Wyldman} 'I{}YGreenman Lib.v.[cap.i.]Herculis ara apudhortosHesperidum. Lib. vi. cap. 22.Taprobrane insula (now thought to be Sumatra) ibi coliHerculem. Lib.vii.cap.2.Visu effascinunt,quidupliceshabent pupillas -- eosdemprreterea nonpossemergi,ne vestequidemdegra-vatos.This isobservedby theScotts tothis day. Fairiesor.Apparitiom. [lb.]In Africresolitudinibushominumspeciesobvirefiunt, momentoq. evanescunt. Religit>usTonsures. Lib.viii.,[cap.46.)- et donee invenerint (Apim)mmrent, derasisetiam capitibus. &t Gnawing. [Lib.viii.l--cap. 57.arrosisCarboniImp.apudClusium fascijs,quibus in calceatu utebatur,exitium. N Digitizedby Google 178REMAINSOFGEN'l'ILISME. Cock-fighting. Libx. cap. 25.Pergami omnibus omnis spectaculum gallorum publice editur, seugladiatorum.(Hiucsumptum Alectoroma-chim exemplum inScholianostris circaHilarin.Pintian ?). GMrlandsusedatMaydes funeralls[Seep.109;] [Lib. x.]cap. 43. --prmcedentetibicines et coronia omnium

Iron layd onBarrells, topreventSowring of theBeer byThunder, in Hereff. [cap.54.]Remediumcontratonitum,clavusferreussub stramine ovorum positus,aut terra ex aratro. &tting of Eggs under yHen. [lb.]Subiiciimparinumerodebent.lncubandasubiici (goose-egges)utilissimum ix.et xi. Ri{Jht-hand. Morientibus oculis aperiredextraosculisaversa appetitur,in fideponigitur [lib.xi. 45]. Trees inChurchyards. Lib.xii.cap.1.Hmcfuerenuminumtempla,priscoq.ritu simpliciaruraetiamnuncDeoprmcellentemarborem dicant. (Hoc etiamnostrosmculofit.Procerissimasarboresin mdium sacrorum vestibulis,et sepulchretis vicinisalnnt.Dalecamp.) Elderstick,w'"'ourWilts,