dr Luh Putu Lila Wulandari, MPH

What is planning

• Planning is a series of decisions, from general and strategic decisions to specific operational details, based on the gathering and analysis of a wide range of information.

• A systematic approach to planning health promotion needs to take into account

– assessment of needs and influences on health,

– involves decisions on target groups,

– methods, settings and timing of activities.

Why Plan??

• The purpose of program planning is to: – devise a program that is appropriate to the health issue

and the identified target group and thus most likely to bring about the desired change

– devise a program that can be implemented within available resources as well as ensure the efficient use of those resources

– contribute to best quality, evidence based practice – demonstrate accountability and fulfil funding body's

requirements – ensure good organisation – ensure the results of the program can be evaluated.

(ACT Health Promotion, 2009)

Planning Model

• Ada beberapa Model/theori yang bisa dijadikan framework dalam membuat program planning:

– Strategic Planning Process (Bryson, 1995)

– Precede-Proceed (Green and Kreuter, 1999)

– Needs/Impact-Based Planning Model (Metro Toronto District (Health Council, 1996)

– Interactive Domain Model ( Kahan&Goodstadt, 2001)

Strategic Planning Process ( Bryson, 1995)

PRECEDE PROCEED MODEL

Needs/Impact-based Planning Model

Health promotion Project Planning : Overview of Steps

Step 2 : Situational analysis/ needs assessment

• Examining legal/political environment, stakeholders

• Identify health needs of population

• Literature evaluation

• Overall vision of the project

Pendekatan yang perlu dilakukan dalam need assessment

• Kumpulkan informasi mengenai persepsi key stakeholders terkait isu yg dipilih

• Lakukan telaah literatur dan dokumen dokumen lainnya terkait pengalaman dalam melaksanakan program yang sama

• Kumpulkan informasi di masyarakat yang ada ada hubungannya dengan isu terkait

• Lakukan telaah terhadap kebijkan yang ada, peraturan, visi dan misi organisasi, standar profesional, guidelines dan legal aspect lainnya

Step 3 : Identify Goals, Objectives, (Building up a plan)

Hubungan antara Goal, Objektif, dan Sub-objektif dengan masalah kesehatan yang kita analisa

Goal harus dibuat sedemikian rupa sehingga memuat hal hal berikut:

• Place

• Person

• Time

• Amount

Objectives:

Some guidelines on how much change by when

• See national goals/targets set by the government

• Look what other people have achieved

• Ask funding bodies

• Check any work on the same health problem

• Compare the size of your problem in your community with surrounding communities

• Check for natural fluctuations of the problem

Step 4 : Identifikasi strategi, aktifitas yang akan dilakukan, dan sumber daya

yang tersedia • Caranya:

– Lakukan brainstorming terhadap beberapa strategy yang mungkin dilakukan

– Lakukan telaah terhadap aktifitas aktifitas dan program program yang selama ini telah dilakukan

– Lakukan penilaian terhadap sumber daya yang tersedia terkait dengan strategi dan aktifitas yang akan dilakukan

• Beberapa strategi yang mungkin dilakukan dalam promosi kesehatan: – kounseling dan pengembangan skill

– Edukasi

– Social marketing

– Self help/mutual support

– Pengembangan komunitas

– Pengembangan kebijakan yg sehat (Healthy public policy )

– dll

Step 5 : Mengembangkan indikator

• Terukur

• Satu objektif bisa terdiri dari lebih dari satu indikator

indicator

Contoh logic model dalam perencanaan program

Terima Kasih

“If you fail to plan, you are planning to fail!”

-Benjamin Franklin-