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Presentation by:Heather Etzel, Fourth Grade

Alicia Fornal, Fifth Grade

Adapted from presentation by:Donn Hicks, Supervisor of Elementary Education,

CCPS

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Our Purpose

• To share and discuss strategies and activities that parents can use to help their children learn the basic number combinations.

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Warm Up

A = B = C = D = E = F =

Take 30 seconds to

memorize this slide!

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Which letter belongs in each box?

B + C =

D – B =

C x F=

E

F

E

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Children who have a strong conceptual understanding of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division are more successful at memorizing their facts.

When children have a firm conceptual foundation and can use fact strategies, memorizing facts becomes a matter of efficiency.

Basic Fact Memorization

What Does Research Show?

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Building Number Concepts

Concrete Manipulativ

es

Pictorial Representatio

n I I I I

I I I I

Abstract Symbols

4 + 4 = 8

2 x 4 = 8Significant time must be spent

working with concrete materials and constructing pictorial

representationsin order for abstract symbol and

operational understanding to occur.

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Benchmarks for Kindergarten

• Model addition by combining sets of concrete objects and describe the results using words and pictures

• Model subtraction by separating sets of concrete objects and describe the results using words and pictures

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Benchmarks for First Grade:

• Quick recall of all addition facts with addends to 10 and sums to 10

• Demonstrate quick recall of all subtraction facts with minuends to 5

– minuend- subtrahend = difference – addend + addend = sum

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Benchmarks for Second Grade:

• Demonstrate quick recall of all addition facts with addends to 10 and sums to 15

• Demonstrate quick recall of all subtraction facts with minuends to 10

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Benchmarks for Third Grade

By the end of grade 3, students will have:

• memorized all addition facts with addends to 10 and sums to 18.

• memorized all subtraction facts with differences to 10, minuends to 18 and subtrahends to 10.

• memorized all multiplication facts up to and including the 5s table.

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Benchmarks for Fourth Grade

While in grade 4, students are expected to:

• retrieve from memory all addition facts with addends to 10 and sums to 18.

• retrieve from memory all subtraction facts with differences to 10, minuends to 18 and subtrahends to 10.

• have memorized all multiplication facts up to and including the 10s table.

• have memorized all division facts with divisors to 10 and quotients to 10.

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Benchmarks for Fifth Grade

While in grade 5, students will be able to retrieve from memory:

• all addition facts with addends to 10 and sums to 18.

• all subtraction facts with differences to 10, minuends to 18 and subtrahends to 10.

• all multiplication facts up to the 10's table.• all division facts with divisors to 10 and

quotients to 10

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ADDITION ADDITION FACT FACT

STRATEGIESSTRATEGIES

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Strategies to Support Fact Learning Addition

• Count on – Used when adding zero, one, two or three – 8 + 2= put the eight in your head and count

on 2.

• Doubles- the addends are the same. – 7 +7 = 14

• Doubles + 1: Think of your doubles fact and then add 1.– 7+8= Think 7+7=14 + 1=15

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Strategies To Support Fact Learning Addition

• Turn Around Facts: Commutative Property- The order of the addends does not affect the sum. 4+3=7 3+4=7

• Make-Ten– Knowing pairs of addends that equal ten – 0+10 1+9 2+8 3+7 4+6 5+5

• So when you have a problem 8+5Think 8+2=10 +3

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SSUBTRACTIONFACT FACT

STRATEGIESSTRATEGIES

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Strategies To Support Fact Learning Subtraction

• Count BACK Strategy: This strategy works best when subtracting 0,1,2,3. – Ex: 12-3 start from 12 and count back

three 11,10,9.

• Count UP Strategy- This strategy works best when subtracting two numbers that are close together. – 11-8=3 Put 8 in your head and count up

9,10,11

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MULTIPLICATIOMULTIPLICATIONN

FACT FACT STRATEGIESSTRATEGIES

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Strategies To Support Fact Learning

MultiplicationZero Rule- any number multiplied by zero is zero

5 x 0 = 0One Rule- the product is itself

6 x 1 = 6Two Rule- add the number to itself

8 x 2 = 8 + 8 = 16Three Rule- double the number, then add the number again

7 x 3 = 14 + 7 = 21

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Strategies To Support Fact Learning

MultiplicationFour Rule- double the number twice.

6 x 4 = 12 + 12 = 24Silly Saying (You’ve got to be 16 to drive a 4 x 4)

Five Rule- count by fives. Products will end with 0 or 5.

3 x 5 = 15 4 x 5 = 20 5 x 5 = 25

Six Rule - think five groups of the number plus one more group. 6 x 7 = 5 x 7 + 7 = 42

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Strategies To Support Fact Learning

Seven Rule- memorize two facts: 7 x 7 = 49 and 7 x 8 = 56 Brain hook…..56 is 7 x 8…Think 5..6..7..8

Eight Rule- Memorize one fact: 8 x 8 = 64Silly Saying (I ate and I ate until I got sick on the floor!) 8 8 6 4

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Strategies To Support Fact Learning

MultiplicationNine Rule- subtract 1 from the number you are multiplying with nine. Then think….What should I add to that number to equal 9?7 x 9 …One less than 7 is 6. 6 + ? = 96 + 3 = 9 so the product is 63

Ten Rule- put a zero on the number you are multiplying by.9 x 10 = 90

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DIVISIONDIVISIONFACT FACT

STRATEGIESSTRATEGIES

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Connect to Multiplication

Fact Families Strategy - Can be used with all division facts.

18

3 6

6 x 3 = 18

3 x 6 = 18

18 6 = 3

18 3 = 6

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CCPS Websitehttp://www2.carrollk12.org/instruction/elemcurric/math/parent.HTM

Interactive Multiplication Gameshttp://www.multiplication.com/interactive_games.htm