Plants

Overview of Plants

Characteristics of all plants Multicellular Eukaryotic cells Autotrophs Cell walls made of cellulose

Overview of Plants

Non-Vascular (mosses)

Kingdom Plantae

Vascular

Seedless (ferns)

Seed Bearing

Gymnosperms (pine tree, fir tree)

Angiosperms

Dicots (fruit tree, tomato plant)

Monocots (grasses, corn)

Overview of Plants

Vascular tissue – “Tubes” that move water and nutrients throughout some plants

Non-vascular plants – Plants that do not contain vascular tissue

Overview of Plants

Seedless vascular plants – Plants that contain vascular tissue but produce spores instead of seeds

Overview of Plants

Gymnosperm (“naked seed”) – Vascular plants that may produce seeds in a cone

Angiosperm (“enclosed seed”) – Vascular plants that produce seeds by flowers

Overview of Plants

Example Vascular Tissue?

True Roots, Stems,

Leaves?

Reproduce by

Spores?

Reproduce by Seeds?

Non-Vascular Plants

Mosses No No(rhizoids are

like roots)

Yes No

Seedless Vascular

Plants

Ferns Yes Yes Yes No

Gymnosperm Vascular

Plants

Pine tree Yes Yes No Yes, some produced in

cones

Angiosperm Vascular

Plants

Fruit tree Yes Yes No Yes, produced by flowers

Seedless Vascular Plants

Xylem – The tissues that transport water and nutrients up the plant (from the roots up the stem and to the leaves)

Phloem – The tissues that carry food from the leaves to wherever it is needed

Angiosperms

Cotyledon – The leaf part of an embryo that is present in a seed; also called seed leaf

Monocot – Flowering plant that has only one cotyledon per seed

Dicot – Flowering plant that has two cotyledons per seed

Angiosperms

Monocots Dicots

Seeds One cotyledon Two cotyledons

Leaves Veins are parallel Veins are branched

Stems Vascular bundles are scattered throughout the stem

Vascular bundles are arranged in a circle

Roots Roots are usually fibrous Usually have a taproot

Flowers Flower parts are often in multiples of 3

Flower parts are often in multiples of 4 or 5

Angiosperms

Angiosperm Reproduction

Petal – The colored portion of a flower

Sepal – Small leaves under a flower

Peduncle – Stem of the flower

Peduncle

Angiosperm Reproduction

Male Reproductive System - Stamen Anther – The male

reproductive organ; produces pollen

Filament – Holds the anther

Peduncle

Angiosperm Reproduction

Female Reproductive System – Pistil Stigma – Receives pollen

during fertilization Style – The slender part

of a pistil, extending from the ovary to the stigma

Ovary – Female reproductive organ

Ovule – Reproductive cell which will become the seed when fertilized by pollen

Peduncle

Angiosperm Reproduction

Perfect flower – Flower that has both male and female structures

Imperfect flower – Flower that has either male or female structures

Angiosperm Reproduction

Complete flower – Flower that has stamens, pistil, petals, and sepals

Incomplete flower – Flower that is missing stamens, pistil, petals, or sepals