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Petrel 2011

Reservoir Engineering:

A Step-by-Step Guide to Defining a

Simulation Case

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Contents

Reservoir Engineering in Petrel ................................................................................... 3 1. Make Local Grids: .................................................................................................... 4 2. Make the Fluid Model: ............................................................................................ 6

2.1 Insert the Initial Bubble Point Pressure (Pb) or Rs vs. Depth ..................................... 6 2.2 View the Fluid Model: ............................................................................................... 6

3. Make the Rock Physics Functions: ........................................................................... 8

3.1 Saturation Function .................................................................................................. 8 3.2 Compaction Function ................................................................................................ 8 3.3 View the Saturation Function: .................................................................................. 8

4. Well Completion Design: ....................................................................................... 10

4.1 Interactively Create Completions for all Wells: ...................................................... 10 4.2 Re-import the Completions Data: ........................................................................... 14 4.3 View the Well Completion Data: ............................................................................ 15 4.4 Import the Observed Data: ..................................................................................... 15

5. Create Well Controls: ............................................................................................ 16

5.1 History: .................................................................................................................... 16 5.2 View the Historic Data: ........................................................................................... 18 5.3 Prediction Strategy: ................................................................................................ 19

6. Define the Simulation Case:................................................................................... 20 7. Load the Results: ................................................................................................... 23

7.1 Run and View Prediction Case ........................................................................... 24 Petrel 2011 Tips and Hints ........................................................................................ 26

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Reservoir Engineering in Petrel This material is written assuming the user to have a basic understanding of petroleum reservoir engineering, and also previous knowledge or use with Petrel and familiarity with the user interface etc. In order to really maximize your competence with both Petrel and ECLIPSE taking a short course in either Petrel RE or ECLIPSE black oil is highly advised, nevertheless this guide would make an excellent introduction and background revision for any such courses. Within this guide we are going to learn how to prepare a reservoir simulation case inside Petrel 2011. We will review the steps that are required to start a simulation in ECLIPSE, how to visualize the results and how to do the best analysis of your simulation. For this exercise we are going to load the project Gulfaks.pet. If you look in the models pane, you will see that within the Gulfaks.pet there is the Base model, this can be considered as the geological fine scale model. Then we also have the Demo model which has already been upscaled for you, the upscaled model is typically one which a reservoir engineer would work on. But the process of upscaling will not be involved within this guide. In the Base model, all of the steps within this guide have been carried out already, therefore any step may be omitted, or you may wish to use edit instead of new to simply look at existing data objects. The summary results from all the sensitivity cases and the solution arrays for two representative cases have been loaded into Petrel and are therefore saved as part of the Petrel project. To save disc space, the raw simulation output files (i.e. the INIT, UNRST, etc.) and the solution arrays from the other cases have been deleted. The keyword files are kept, so that any case may be re-run.

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1. Make Local Grids:

The Make local grids process, also known as local grid refinement (LGR) in ECLIPSE is a very useful feature designed to improve the fluid flow model for any specific area of the grid. This is due to the finer grid resolution allows more accurate spatial distribution of fluids and determination of pressures within the specific area. Transmissibilites between local and global grid are computed automatically by ECLIPSE. Furthermore, the properties for the refined cells (porosity, permeability, NTG etc.) Can either be inherited from the global grid, or specified explicitly for the refined cells. Exercise: First ensure that the Demo model is highlighted by clicking on it on the models pane. The following procedure will then create the LGR to that grid.

1. Open the Make local grids process (within Corner point gridding). 2. Select the Well B9 on the Input tree (Producers folder); then click the blue arrow

on the process dialog, to drop the well into the process. 3. Similarly, drop the Polygons folder on the Input tree into the process dialog. 4. Keep the Cartesian Nx,Ny,Nz Generation method and refine 3x3x3 for the well

and the Polygon. 5. Select 200 for Source influence distance.

You will notice that at this stage if desired you can select the relevant zones or segments that you may wish for the LGRs to be present, however we will use all zones and segments.

6. Vary the settings as desired. To use different settings on an individual well, select the well and clear the use default tick.

7. Click on Apply to run the process. The local grids are displayed automatically. Click cancel to leave the Make local grids dialog.

8. On the Demo model, open the folder Local Grids folder. Use the ticks to turn off the global grid, all the local grids, and individual local grids. Note: If you un-tick the local grids folder in the Models pane, the global grid is hidden as well.

In order to view just the local grids you have created, click on the desired local grid and then deselect Global grid this can be seen in the picture below.

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There are many more features of the LGR option such as varying refinement amounts, or refinement generation methods Cartesian or Cartesian Gradual, for more information about any of these you can check within the Petrel or ECLIPSE manual for more details. Also remember, in order for your LGRs to be incorporated into your simulation case you must define them in the Grid section of the Define simulation case process so that they are accounted for, this will be covered later in chapter 6.

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2. Make the Fluid Model: The Make fluid model process allows you to make black oil models, from correlations and also to create compositional and thermal models. This is a fundamental and vital process that needs to be defined within your model. If you do not have real fluid data, Petrel has a selection of presets which you can choose from that will give average typical values.

1. Open the Make fluid model process, found within the Simulation Process. 2. First select Create new, on the Use presets drop-down, select Light oil + gas

and change the name of the PVT to Fluid 01. 3. In the Oil tab, change the oil gravity to 33API. 4. Below you will see the correlations, you can then select the various drop downs

to show the choice of correlations, but leave them all on default. 5. Select the Initial conditions tab. 6. Enter the Gas-oil contact depth = -1749m (note: negative number). 7. Enter the Water contact depth = -2024m . 8. Click Apply and then OK.

Note: This will make a new fluid model identical to the existing Fluid 1. Feel free to change parameters to see the effect.

2.1 Insert the Initial Bubble Point Pressure (Pb) or Rs vs. Depth

1. On the Input tree, within the fluid just created, right click on the Initial Conditions 1 node and select spreadsheet.

2. Press the Append item button three times to add rows to the table. 3. In the Depth column, enter the depths -1400m, -1749m, and -2000m. 4. In the Rs column in row 1, enter 70 sm

3/sm3. Click another cell or press Enter note that the bubble point pressure is automatically calculated.

5. In the Pb column in row 2, enter 171.577 bar. Click another cell note that the Rs is automatically calculated.

6. In the Pb column in row 3, enter 205 bar. 7. Click OK.

Note: graphical editing of fluid data is NOT possible in Petrel.

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2.2 View the Fluid Model:

1. Open a New function window, select window from the tool bar, then New function window.

2. In the PVT you just created, tick the Oil node. You will see oil formation volume factor, oil viscosity and saturated gas/oil ratio plotted versus pressure.

3. Clear the tick from the Oil node. 4. Within the Initial condition 1 node, tick the Pressure, Saturation pressure, Gas-

oil contact and Oil-water contact (pictured below). 5. Right click and select Spread Sheet in oil or gas, and you will be able to check

the PVT tables.

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3. Make the Rock Physics Functions: The Make rock physics functions process is used to create functions that represent the physics of the rock, the interaction between rock and fluids, or saturation functions and rock compaction functions. This is basically where the relative permeabilities can be created which are vital for a reservoir engineer in determining phase saturations and mobilities in order to determine overall recovery factor of the reservoir under different depletion schemes.

3.1 Saturation Function

1. Open the Make rock physics function (found in the Simulation process) 2. You can choose to Create new or Edit existing. Select Create new saturation

function. 3. Select Sand from the Use presets drop-down. Change the name to Sand 01 4. Click Apply.

3.2 Compaction Function

1. Now simply change tabs on the same process dialog by clicking on the Compaction tab.

2. Again, select to Create new, use the preset Consolidated sandstone and leave the name as Consolidated sandstone 1.

3. Click Apply and then OK to close the process dialog.

3.3 View the Saturation Function:

1. Open a New function window or use the previous one.

2. Expand the Rock physics functions folder in the Input pane.

3. If you select the Sand icon you can then view the relative permeability curves (pictured below).

Note: In Petrel 2011 you cannot edit these values manually on the graph, in order to edit them you must go to the sand icon, right click and select spreadsheet. Then you can manually input the values into the spreadsheet and hit apply in order to view the changes in the function window (Pictured Below). You can select the particular functions you would like to edit from the left hand side of the Rock physics spreadsheet process dialog.

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Above: relative permeability curves the right had axis is the capillary pressure value Below: The Rock physics spreadsheet, this can be used to manually edit values.

Select Function to edit from here

Manually edit data here

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4. Well Completion Design: Well design in Petrel 2011 is extremely intuitive and user friendly. There are three main ways of creating well completions. 1) Use the Well completion design process. 2) Interactively create completions with a mouse on the well section window (described below). 3) Using the Completions manager. All techniques have their pros and cons, the interactive technique described below is very user friendly and quick to do, but you could lose accuracy by dragging and dropping of completions equipment onto a well. However the guide will cover the steps to ensure that completion item will correlate to its required precise depth or well top.

4.1 Interactively Create Completions for all Wells:

1. Remove the well completion data: Right click the Global completions folder under Input -> Wells Select Delete content. Answer Yes and Yes to all to the warning boxes. (Dont worry this will be re-imported later!)

2. Open a New well section window. 3. Single click the Well completion design process on the process tree (under Well

engineering process) 4. If you want to view all well data, select global well logs in the input pane. 5. Then tick on the Well Tops icon in the Input pane to display the various layers

and formations within the reservoir.

Note: to increase or decrease how much the well section window zooms in click con the grey and white section of the depth bar on the LHS and drag up or down. Then select the white part in between to scroll.

6. Select the check box to view well B9 from the Producers folder. 7. Select the casing tool, from the function bar.

8. Click below the Top Etive horizon in Completions Track of the well section

window of well B9, you will then be prompted with a dialog box to specify when you would like the completion to be drilled, select the start date to be (1980-01-01 00:00:00).

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9. The casing should then be shown up immediately on screen, if not ensure that Global completions is ticked.

10. Select the perforation tool . 11. Click on or near the Top Ness horizon (and again agree to have the same date

1980-01-01 00:00:00). 12. Drag the bottom of the perforation so it approximately fills the Top Ness to

Ness1 zone. 13. Similarly, add a perforation in the Top Tarbert to Tarbert2 zone.

14. Optionally, add a tubing and packer above the Base Cretaceous.

Note: The Tubing will show up as red until a packer is in place. Any completions that show up in red mean that there is an error with the completion which needs to be resolved otherwise in most cases this completion will just be ignored when the simulation is run.

Packer

Tubing

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15. On the Input tree expand well B9, and then the Completions folder within. 16. Right click the Completions folder (or the Global completions folder) and select

Place completions relative nearest top.

NOTE: completions set to be placed relative to well tops will be highlighted in blue. By default, all completions are positioned at the depth point you specify as you create them. You can choose to place completion items relative to a well top. You can also make a global change so that all completions are placed relative to the nearest top, effectively adjusting the perforation to match your well top. The well top should be specified in the depth/date settings tab prior to this (pictured below). NOTE: The completions specifications such as casing/tubing sizes can be changed by right clicking on Completions and selecting Completions Manager. In the Completions Manager window you will see certain properties related to your completions in a tabular form. If you do not see the parameter you want to change in the table, add it through drop down under Column. For example, if you do not see casing ID in the table in the Completions Manager, select it first from the drop down menu of Columns. Once it is seen in the table, appropriate ID (type of casing) can be selected.

17. Open each of the setting sheets of the perforations of B9 (right click on the perforation and select Settings): 1. For perforation 1, in the Depth/Date tab, set the offset depths (top and

bottom MD) to be 0 (zero) so that the perforation exactly fills the zone. 2. For the Tarbert perforation 2, the selected horizon will be Base

Cretaceous, as the top zone is pinched out in this well.

a. Delete the Base Cretaceous from the drop box: the depth reverts to measured depth.

b. Select the Top Tarbert in the Well Tops stratigraphy folder on the Input pane, click the blue arrow to drop it into the settings, and in the depth changes relative offset (top and bottom MD) change this offset to 0 (Zero).

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18. Copy the B9 completion to all wells:

1. Select the Completions folder of well B9. 2. Then select Edit > Copy from the menu bar. 3. Select the Wells folder at the top of the input pane. 4. Then select Edit > Paste from the menu bar.

19. Display the completions of any well, or select the Producers folder. You will see the completions have been copied to all other wells, and the perforations have automatically been placed in the appropriate zones.

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4.2 Re-import the Completions Data:

1. Remove the well completion data: Right click the Global completions folder. Select Delete content and answer Yes and Yes to all to the warning boxes.

2. Right click the Global completions folder and select Import (on selection). 3. In the Files of type drop-down, select Well Tubing Data (Ascii)(*.tub). 4. Select the file GULLFAKS.TUB. 5. Click Open, OK. 6. Repeat step 2 and 3 except this time In the Files of type drop-down, select

Well event data (ASCII)(*.ev). 7. select to import the file GULLFAKS.EV 8. On the Import settings tab, ensure that Add to existing events is selected. 9. Under Automatic casing ensure that Add casing to all wells with events is not

selected

Note: When importing a well event data file be sure to open the file using a text editor and check the date format. In this case the date format is MM.DD.YYYY. Therefore when importing the *.EV file go to the Import Settings tab and select Custom date format then change the date to match the *.EV file (pictured below). This includes entering the full stop between month day year.

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4.3 View the Well Completion Data:

1. Activate (single click) the Well completion design process or activate the projects Well section window (This can be found if you select windows in the windows pane, then Well Section window 1.

2. Select the wells C5 and C3. Tick the Global completions folder. 3. Select View | Time player toolbar if it is not already displayed.

4. Click the forward and back buttons to see the lower perforations turn on and off. (These two wells start out as producers from the upper zone, then get perforated in the lower zone and converted to water injection).

5. Close the Well section window.

4.4 Import the Observed Data:

1. Right click the Global observed data folder and select import on selection 2. In the Files of type drop down, select Well Observed Data (Ascii)(*.vol) 3. Select the file GULLFAKS.VOL name it as Exercise. 4. Click Open, OK.

NOTE: Observed data is the historic data of a well, when validating a model by history matching the engineer will try to get the simulation model to match the recorded production history (observed data).

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5. Create Well Controls:

This feature of Petrel is essential in order to add and include wells into your simulation case. Within this process you must define what times and under what conditions the wells should flow; this process is carried out under the Make development strategy process. When making a development strategy you must decide whether or not you want to base the model on observed data. A model based on observed data is made to match historical rates and is called a history match strategy. A strategy that is made to predict future behavior is called a prediction strategy.

5.1 History: 1. Open the Make development strategy process, found under Simulation. 2. Select Create new and Use presets History strategy (pictured below: 1). 3. In the Rules folder, select the History rate control (Wells folder) rule. 4. You should see that the Observed data is already imported into the Observed

data set box, however we will use the imported observed data from earlier. Select the Exercise Observed data set and use the blue arrow to drop it into the correct box (picture 2 below).

5. The start and end date default to the range of the imported observed data. 6. All Producer, Injector and Grouped wells are automatically dropped into the

development strategy when you use the preset for history strategy. 7. Look at the History rate control rule, you will notice that the Producers are on

Reservoir volume rate control, change this to Oil control. 8. Injectors should be on Surface rate control. 9. Change Production / injection changes to Yes. 10. Change Injection Phase Changes to Yes. 11. The development strategy will automatically start from the first data that is in

the process dialog in our case this is 1980-01-01. 12. Click Apply, OK.

NOTE: You can simply add more dates by clicking on the icon and typing in the desired date. You must then re-insert all of the wells at this date. You are then free to change the development strategy of the desired wells.

To add any new rule simply click on the icon and choose one of the many available rule, again drop in the well or group of wells that apply to this rule, and specify the desired control quantity

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1) 2)

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5.2 View the Historic Data:

1. Open a New function window or use the current function window. 2. Select the Results tree. 3. Then select the Dynamic data icon. 4. Expand the Dynamic results data folder and then the Rates folder within it. 5. Tick Oil Production Rate & Water Injection Rate. 6. Expand the Identifier folder and tick a well, e.g. C3. 7. Then select the History strategy check box below and it should display

something similar to the following picture:

You can see the historic data for well C3. Between 1980 to 1985 the well was producing but after a sharp decline in production rate, the well was converted to an injector and started injecting water into the reservoir to help maintain overall production rate. In the following two chapters we will go through how to define and run a simulation case, and then how to view the results and to see how the model compares with the history.

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You can also experiment by changing the reporting frequency within your development strategy to once per year, then when you examine the same plot it will now show how an average is taken for the production and injection rates that lies within the observed data range.

5.3 Prediction Strategy:

1. This time in the Make development strategy process select 'Create new use strategy type Prediction and Use Preset Prediction water flood Strategy.

2. You may notice that the prediction strategy start date has automatically defaulted to 2012-01-01, you will need to double click this and change it to 2000-01-01 so that our prediction run starts after the history run.

3. Within the process dialog drag the well Producers folder into the newly created PROD FOLDER and the Injectors into the INJ FOLDER.

4. Set the Reporting frequency in the Rules folder to 1 year. 5. Select the Group rate production control rule in Oil rate input 5000sm3/d as a

Target rate. 6. Ensure that for Group voidage replacement rule there is a voidage replacement

fraction of 1 7. Next click on the Well rate production control rule. Make sure that the PROD

FOLDER is dropped in here under the wells parameter. The remaining fields can be left blank.

8. For the Well pressure production control rule, ensure that the PROD FOLDER is dropped in here too. You can then select Limits from the drop down and enter a 100bar limit for the Bottom hole pressure.

9. Finally click on the Well water injection control rule and ensure that the INJ FOLDER has been input into the wells parameter. Here change the control mode to Surface rate from the drop down and input 1000 sm3/d as the surface rate volume.

10. Click Apply and OK We will run and view the results of the waterflood prediction strategy in chapter 7.

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6. Define the Simulation Case: During the process of modeling the reservoir, several 3D grids may be created with different interpretations of faults and horizons. Within those grids there may be several interpretations of property models and contacts; furthermore there may also be different variations on fluids within the model. Defining a simulation case is the way of constructing and exporting a complete simulation study, based upon the desired grids, properties, fluids and development strategy that you may want to use. It also allows you to select which simulator you want to use, ECLIPSE BlackOil, ECLIPSE Compositional, Frontsim or INTERSECT (INTERSECT only applies if it is installed).

1. Open the Define simulation case process. 2. If you select from Edit existing case BLANK this has been put there as an empty

case for you to create from scratch. 3. Next select Create new. 4. Enter a new case name i.e. Demo_Case_History.

NOTE: You cannot use spaces when creating a case name because both spaces and certain non-letter characters are not recognised by ECLIPSE.

5. Select ECLIPSE 100 from the Simulator drop down. 6. Select the Demo grid in the Grid drop down. 7. Next select the Grid tab, here is where you can drop in all of the desired

properties you wish to simulate. 8. From the Model tree, expand the properties from the property section of the

Demo model, and drop in the Perm_I, Perm_J, and Perm_K properties in first. 9. Next select the Porosity property and drop that into the PORO drop box. (This is

the minimum amount of properties that would generally be required for a basic simulation case) Pictured Below.

OPTIONAL: It is also at this stage were you could drop in your LGR set that you made earlier. Simply add a new row by selecting and then drop in the LGR from the models tree and it should be automatically be detected as an LGR, if not you can select local grid set from the keyword drop down box.

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10. Next, select the Functions tab. This is where you will insert all of your PVT data: fluids, relative permeabilities and compaction / saturation functions.

11. If you go back to the Input pane and expand your fluid model fluid 01 which you created earlier. Select the Initial Condition 1. Click the blue arrow to drop it into the case definition under Black oil fluid model PVT.

12. Select the Rock Compaction definition, open the Rock physics functions folder and drop in the Consolidated sandstone 1 compaction function you created earlier.

13. Finally select the Drainage relative permeabilities (SCAL) and drop in the Sand01 Saturation function that you created earlier.

14. The next tab is the Strategies tab here you can drop in the History strategy 1 you created earlier located in the Input pane.

15. On the Results tab, select the results you require from the simulation. NOTE: disc space and loading time for the project will be saved if you reduce the amount of results you ask for).

16. Click apply and export. NOTE: You may get a message that some connections have been ignored because the connected fraction is less than the cell length tolerance. Click close to dismiss the message.

17. You will now see your case appear in the Cases pane.

18. On the Advanced panel, click the keyword editor button. This allows you to see the keywords generated by Petrel. Double clicking on a keyword in the left hand list opens it in a text editor. You can also add ECLIPSE keywords from the column on the right by selecting the keyword, making sure you are in the right section i.e. RUNSPEC, PROPS etc. Then click the Insert button and a text box will automatically open where you can input the details for the keyword. Close the keyword editor.

19. In the Run-time options tab you can select the number of processors if you wish to run the simulation in parallel, and then select the queue for the cluster that you would like to run on.

NOTE: The cluster must bet set previously in the Tools > System Settings > Queue definition. For more details on this search the manual for Configuring Remote Simulation Queues in Petrel.

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The simulation case is now ready to run. You can run it in three different ways:

Click the Run button in the Define simulation case dialog.

If you exported it, it can be run externally using the ECLIPSE Simulation Launcher.

Or select the Case tree (next to the Process tree), right click on the Demo_Case_History, from here you can do a simulation export and run, a simulation run only or simulation export only.

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7. Load the Results: In this chapter we look at how to plot your simulated results in a function window, then we will look at how to run the prediction waterflood case, then compare and analyze the results for that case.

View the Simulation Results as Lines Versus Time:

1. Open a Function window. 2. Select the Demo_Case_History that you ran from the Cases pane. 3. In the results pane select the identifier as Field. 4. Display the Oil production rate and the Water injection rate . 5. IF you expand Source data type and then Observed data you can then import

the observed data you imported earlier named Exercise. It should now display something like the picture below:

6. You will notice that the model has given a perfect history match for both the

field oil production and water injection! 7. You can play around with viewing the results, maybe try viewing individual wells

to compare the actual results and observed results.

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In this particular example there is an extremely good match between the simulated case study and the observed data. This is what a reservoir engineer would strive to achieve, as once the model you are using is deemed to be accurate and successfully matches the historic production data. The model can then be used for more accurate prediction purposes to try and estimate recover factors. With that in mind, lets run the prediction case we created earlier.

7.1 Run and View Prediction Case Now we are going to run the prediction waterflood case after the history and see what simulation outputs.

1. Open the Define simulation case process, select the Demo_Case_History and Select Create New and name it Demo_Case_Waterflood.

2. Click on the grid tab and you should notice it will have all of the properties you have selected for the history case already input for you, the same applies for the Functions tab.

3. Click on the strategies tab and click on the append item icon to add a line 4. Now you can drop in your Prediction Water Flood strategy from the Input pane. 5. At this point the Results tab and Advanced tab do not need to be edited because

we will leave them set up as they were for the history run. 6. Click on the Run button.

NOTE: You can enter multiple development strategies and Petrel will output them to into a file called DEMO_CASE_WATERFLOOD_SCH.INC, (this is called a SCHEDULE include file and this is what is read by the simulator: ECLIPSE). It can be found by going to the directory where you are running this project from, clicking on the Gulfaks.sim folder, then selecting the DEMO_CASE_WATERFLOOD folder. Within that folder are all of the files that Petrel outputs that are then read by ECLIPSE. If you were to open the DEMO_CASE_WATERFLOOD_SCH.INC you would see that all of the information relating to the history is written first, followed by the production targets and injection rates specified by the prediction strategy.

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7. When the run is complete, open a new function window and select to view the

Oil production rate and Water injection rate similar to the previous section 7, except this time also select field Pressure from the Pressures folder.

8. From the cases pane select the newly created Demo_Case_Waterflood. 9. Make sure to select the identifier as Field. 10. Also select the Exercise observed data.

It should display something like the picture below:

You can now see that we have historic oil production and water injection results that closely match the observed data. Then when we reach the year 2000, our prediction strategy comes into action. Interestingly when you look at the historic data between 1980 1985 you can notice that as the oil was being produced there was a loss in pressure of 10 bar (145psi) throughout the reservoir (as might be expected). During this period water was being injected at a steady rate of 7500 sm3/day but was unable to maintain reservoir pressure. Therefore they had to increase the water injection rate by almost 1500 sm3/day to maintain reservoir pressure and increase production. At the year 2000 our prediction strategy is deployed. You will notice that there is an initial surge of water injection peaking at 7000sm3/day. This causes a steady increase in reservoir pressure which is maintained for the duration of the prediction period. The

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reservoir is then able to meet its oil production target of 5000 sm3/day for 5 years, before slowly starting to decline again as the reservoir depletes. It is during these later stages in the reservoirs life when a reservoir engineer may consider other secondary recovery methods such as Electric Submersible Pumps (ESPs), gas lift or beam pumps. Then when the reservoir is nearing the end of its life Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) techniques such as gas injection, chemical injection or thermal methods may then help to sweep the last remaining recoverable reserves.

Petrel 2011 Tips and Hints

To quickly re-name anything in Petrel click the object once with the mouse and once highlighted press F2 to edit the name.

Completions manager can be found by selecting a well from the input pane, clicking on the expand symbol next to it to open up logs, completions and observed data, then right click on the completions and select completions manager.

If you are having trouble viewing your completions, ensure that the global completions box is ticked in the input pane (under wells).

Whenever installing production tubing makes sure that there is a packer in place between the tubing and the casing or the tubing will be invalid.

To copy a case you can simply open define simulation case, select the case you wish to copy from the drop down menu and then select create new. However, this will only copy simulation case details, such as development strategy, fluid models etc it will not copy any manually entered keywords entered through the keyword editor. To copy a whole case including manually entered keywords, go to the cases pane, click on the case you wish to copy, and then Ctl+C to copy and Ctl+V to paste the case and it will copy all files from the previous case.

Make sure to use underscore between names when defining simulation case names as ECLIPSE will not accept spaces, or certain characters.