paying the piper: plagiarism- implications & avoidancecel.ncu.edu.jm/portals/0/plagiarism...

Paying the Piper: Plagiarism-

Implications & Avoidance

Dr. Marsha S. Pabarue

Assistant Professor

Department of Graduate Education & Leadership

Northern Caribbean University

February 27, 2013

Plagiarism

http://oliveharveycollegelibraryguides.pbworks.com/w/page/47192856/Plagiarism

Plagiarism defined… • an act or instance of using or closely imitating the language and thoughts of another author without authorization and the representation of that author's work as one's own, by not crediting the

original author. • a piece of writing or other work reflecting such unauthorized use or imitation. (Dictionary.com)

Plagiarism Other terms which may be used to refer to plagiarism include:

• Infringement • Piracy • Counterfeiting • Theft • Borrowing • Cribbing • Passing off (Dictionary.com)

Plagiarism • The boundary between plagiarism and research can be

unclear.

• Plagiarism is using someone else's work without giving proper credit - a failure to cite adequately.

• Copyright infringement is using someone else's creative work, which can include a song, a video, a movie clip, a piece of visual art, a photograph, and other creative works, without authorization or compensation, if compensation is appropriate.

http://www.plagiarismchecker.com/plagiarism-vs-copyright.php

Plagiarism

• Schools enforce plagiarism BUT the courts enforce copyright infringement

• Plagiarism, however, is a violation of the copyright law.

• It is recognized as the theft of Intellectual Property.

http://www.plagiarismchecker.com/plagiarism-vs-copyright.php

Types of Plagiarism 1. Clone – submit another’s work, word for word as ones own.

2. CTLR-C - Contains significant portions of text from a single source without alterations.

3. Find and Replace - Changing key words and phrases but retaining the essential content of the source.

http://plagiarism.org/plagiarism-101/types-of-plagiarism/

Types of Plagiarism

4. Remix - Paraphrases from multiple sources, made to fit together.

5. Recycle - Borrows generously from the writer’s previous work without citation.

6. Hybrid - Combines perfectly cited sources with copied passages without citation.


Types of Plagiarism

7. Mash up - Mixes copied material from multiple sources.

8. 404 Error - Includes citations to non-existent or inaccurate information about sources.


Types of Plagiarism

9. Aggregator - Includes proper citation to sources but the paper contains almost no original work.

10. Re-tweet - Includes proper citation, but relies too closely on the text’s original wording and/or structure. http://plagiarism.org/plagiarism-101/types-of-plagiarism

Plagiarism Statistics

• September 2011, Pew Research Centre reports that cyber-plagiarism is at an all time high among college students.

• 55% of College Presidents said that plagiarism has increased over the past 10 years.

• 89% of College Presidents said that computers and the internet have played a major role.

http://www.huffingtonpost.com


A survey of over 63,700 US undergraduate and 9,250 graduate students over the course of three years 2002-2005.

• 36% of undergraduates admit to “paraphrasing/copying few

sentences from Internet source without footnoting it.”

• 38% admit to “paraphrasing/copying few sentences from written source without footnoting it.”

• 14% of students admit to “fabricating/falsifying a bibliography.”

http://plagiarism.org/resources/facts-and-stats


A survey of over 63,700 US undergraduate and 9,250 graduate students over the course of three years 2002-2005.

• 7% self report copying materials “almost word for word

from a written source without citation.”

• 7% self report “turning in work done by another.”

• 3% report “obtaining paper from term paper mill.”

http://plagiarism.org/resources/facts-and-stats

Plagiarism in the News

http://tyrannyoftradition.com

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Reasons Students Plagiarise • Ignorance • Lack of time / Procrastination • Improving marks • Laziness • Poor research skills http://academicintegrity.depaul.edu/Top10.pdf http://archive.plagiarismadvice.org/documents/tipsheetsv3/tp02_WhyDoStudentsPlagiarise.pdf

Reasons Students Plagiarise • Carelessness • Swamped • Panic under pressure / Stressed • Lack of confidence to do academic work • Lack an understanding of how to

integrate source material into their argument

http://academicintegrity.depaul.edu/Top10.pdf http://archive.plagiarismadvice.org/documents/tipsheetsv3/tp02_WhyDoStudentsPlagiarise.pdf

Why should you avoid Plagiarism

• It is stealing and lying

• Consequences (failing , losing scholarship, revoked academic award, suspension or expulsion, loss of job, revoked degree)

• Professors are not stupid

• Professors are vindictive

http://www.eduinreview.com/blog/2008/11/10-good-reasons-to-never-ever-plagiarize-a-college-paper/

Why should you avoid Plagiarism

• Technology

• Anxiety

• There are better alternatives

• Legal Implications

http://www.eduinreview.com/blog/2008/11/10-good-reasons-to-never-ever-plagiarize-a-college-paper/

Avoiding Plagiarism

http://www.docstoc.com/docs/116885913/Avoiding-Plagiarism-Avoiding-Plagiarism-giving-credit-where-credit-is-due

How to give Credit

Use a citation style, and use it correctly.

http://languagearts.pppst.com/plagiarism.html

Citation Styles • Chicago (Humanities and Social Sciences) • Turabian (Disciplines in Humanities, Social

Sciences and Natural Sciences)

• Modern Language Association (English & other Humanities)

• American Psychological Association (Psychology, Business, Criminology, Economics, Education and Sociology)

Citation Styles • American Medical Association (Medical

Sciences)

• American Mathematical Society (Mathematics)

• American Political Science Association (Political science, International Studies)

Avoiding Plagiarism

Direct Quotation

“Any verbatim use of a source, no matter how large or small the quotation, must be placed in quotation marks or, if longer than three lines, clearly indented beyond the regular margin. The quotation must be accompanied, either within the text or in a footnote, by a precise indication of the source, identifying the author, title, place and date of publication (where relevant), and page numbers. Even if you use only a short phrase, or even one key word, you must use quotation marks in order to set off the borrowed language from your own, and you must cite the source.” http://www.princeton.edu/pr/pub/integrity/pages/cite/

Avoiding Plagiarism

“Paraphrasing is a restatement of another person’s thoughts or ideas in your own words, using your own sentence structure. A paraphrase is normally about the same length as the original. Although you don’t need to use quotation marks when you paraphrase, you absolutely do need to cite the source, either in parentheses or in a footnote. If another author’s idea is particularly well put, quote it verbatim and use quotation marks to distinguish his or her words from your own.”

http://www.princeton.edu/pr/pub/integrity/pages/cite/

Avoiding Plagiarism

• When in doubt just cite.

• Know common knowledge. • Always cite the ideas and work of others.

• “Err on the side of caution- if in doubt put quotation marks

or reword” when citing.

• Ask for an extension on your assignment.

http://www.memphis.edu/instructionalsvcs/docs/plagiarism.ppt

Avoiding Plagiarism

• Manage your time; take time to research and write. • Attention to details. • Record all the information used along with the

sources. • Get Help • Reference what you cite • Use your manual

http://cdn.planetminecraft.com/

Self-plagiarism

“Self-plagiarism refers to the practice of presenting one’s own previously published work as though it were new” (Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, 2010, p. 170).

www.plagiarismtoday.com

Online Sources for Citation

• http://www.citethisforme.com/

• www.citationmachine.net

• www.crossref.org

Citation Components

• Author(s) and Editor Information

• Date of Publication

• Title of Publication

• Publication Information - volume/issue number, location, publisher

• URL or DOI

• Punctuations

Detecting Plagiarism • Search the web

• Turnitin

• Grammarly

• Citation Manuals

• Writecheck

Detecting Plagiarism • Copyscape

• Duplichecker

• Viper

• Plagiarism detector

• Turn it out Safely

DON’T… • Turn in someone else’s work as your own.

• Copy words or ideas from someone else without

giving credit.

• Forget to put quotation marks when quoting directly. plagiarism.org http://thatliterarylady.com

DON’T… • Give incorrect information about the source

of a quotation.

• Just change words and copy the sentence structure of a source without giving credit.

plagiarism.org http://www.google.com.jm/

DON’T… • Download papers from websites and turn them

in as your own.

• Download pictures, bits of music or parts of other peoples PowerPoint into PowerPoint presentations you are creating.

• Paraphrase or summarize what you read without citing the source.

www.memphis.edu/instructionalsvcs/docs/plagiarism.ppt http://www.google.com.jm/

NCU’s Plagiarism Policy

• Academic Integrity - Falsifying or making up data and engaging in plagiarism, are prohibited.

http://www.ncu.edu.jm/portals/0/Documents/Academics/Grad_Bulletin_2010-2012/Grad_Bulletin_2010-2012_SGS.pdf

Resources American Psychological Association. (2010). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (6th ed.). Washington, DC Columbus Dispatch (http://www.dispatch.com/content/stories/local/2011/02/05/degree-revoked-plagiarist-will-pay-to-settle-lawsuit.html) DePaul University (http://academicintegrity.depaul.edu/Top10.pdf) Dicionary.com Google Images (http://www.google.com.jm/) http://www.eduinreview.com/blog/2008/11/10-good-reasons-to-never-ever-plagiarize-a-college-paper/ http://thatliterarylady.com http://oliveharveycollegelibraryguides.pbworks.com/w/page/47192856/Plagiarism Huffington Post (http://www.huffingtonpost.com)

Resources ITENTICATE (http://www.ithenticate.com/plagiarism-detection-blog/bid/80976/Hungarian-President-Resigns-After-Plagiarism-Accusation) JISC (http://archive.plagiarismadvice.org/documents/tipsheetsv3/tp02_WhyDoStudentsPlagiarise.pdf) Northern Caribbean University (http://www.ncu.edu.jm/portals/0/Documents/Academics/Grad_Bulletin_2010-2012/Grad_Bulletin_2010-2012_SGS.pdf) Plagairism.org Plagiarismchecker.com (http://www.plagiarismchecker.com/plagiarism-vs-copyright.php) Princeton University (http://www.princeton.edu/pr/pub/integrity/pages/cite/) The Amherst Student (http://amherststudent.amherst.edu/?q=article/2012/09/25/basler-resigns-after-admitting-plagiarism) The Guardian (http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2013/feb/06/german-education-minister-plagiarism?INTCMP=SRCH) University of Memphis (www.memphis.edu/instructionalsvcs/docs/plagiarism.ppt)