Pathos: appeal to the heart with loaded words (diction

which induces emotion)Ethos: appeal by trustworthy

speakerLogos: appeal to the logic of

the audience

PERSUASION

For though fond nature bids us all lament,Yet nature’s tears are reason’s merriment.

—Friar to Juliet’s parents when they believe Juliet is dead.

What type of rhetoric?

EXAMPLES FROM ROMEO AND

JULIET

LOGOSFriar is using logic and reason to

convince the Capulets not to be sad. He says that because we are human, we weep, but reason should help us

because we know Juliet is in Heaven.

ANSWER

Rebellious subjects, enemies to peace, profaners of the neigh or-stained steel—

Will they not hear: What, ho! You men, you beasts,

That quench the fire of your pernicious rage

With purple fountains issuing from your veins!

--Prince when addressing the fighters in the street

WHAT TYPE OF RHETORIC?

PathosAppeal to emotion by using

loaded words. These words are meant to evoke feelings. These words will shame the villains

involved and anger the citizens against violent acts.

ANSWER

Prince: Benvolio, who began this bloody fray?

Benvolio: Tybalt, here slain, who Romeo’s hand did slay,

Romeo that spoke him fair, bid him bethink

How nice the quarrel was, and urged withal

Your high displeasure.

WHICH TYPE OF RHETORIC?

ETHOSBenvolio is a trustworthy man, which is why the Prince asked his opinion. Then Benvolio speaks of the respect Romeo had for the Prince’s warning.

Both are examples of the use of ethos.

ANSWER

Internal rhyme-rhyme inside a line of poetryEnd rhyme-rhyme at the end of lines of poetryAssonance- repeated use of vowel sounds in a

line of poetryAlliteration (a type of consonance)—repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of words in a

lineOnomatopoeia—words that sound like what they

meanSlant rhyme—words that almost rhyme

POETIC SOUND

DEVICES

"Two households, both alike in dignity,

In fair Verona, where we lay our scene,

From ancient grudge break to new mutiny“

Answer: slant rhyme

WHAT SOUND DEVICE IS

USED?

Then hie you hence, to Friar Lawrence’s cell;

--Nurse to Juliet

Alliteration/Assonance

WHAT SOUND DEVICE IS

USED?

Is crimson in thy lips or in thy cheeks,

--Romeo to Juliet as she lay in the tomb

Assonance

WHAT SOUND DEVICE IS

USED?

Hie you, make haste, for it grows very late.----Nurse to Romeo

Alliteration/Assonance

Taking the measure of an unmade grave

--Romeo about being banished

Consonance

WHAT SOUND DEVICE?

Bear hence this body and attend our will.

Mercy but murders, pardoning those that kill.

---Prince to Romeo

End rhyme/Couplet

WHAT TYPE OF RHYME?

What eye but such an eye would spy out such a quarrel?--Mercutio teasing Benvolio

Internal rhyme(rhyming words are always

assonance, but assonance does not always rhyme)

WHAT KIND OF RHYME?

More than Prince of Cats. O, he’s the courageous Captain

of compliments. –Mercutio of Tybalt

Alliteration--And what epithets do you see?

WHAT SOUND DEVICE IS

USED?

How now: A conduit, girl? What, still in tears?Evermore show’ring: In one little bodyThou counterfeits a bark, a sea, a wind:

For still thy eyes, which I may call the sea,Do ebb and flow with tears; the bark thy body is,

Sailing in this salt flood; the winds, thy sighs,Who, raging with thy tears and they with them,

without a sudden calm will oversetThy tempest-tossed body….

DO YOU RECOGNIZE THIS

LITERARY DEVICE?

We call this metaphor an extended one. An extended metaphor is a comparison that is carried out in a series of

sentences or lines.

The previous passage is also called a conceit because it is an unlikely comparison. Who would imagine a comparison

between a boat and a girl?

Can you think of a comparison Shakespeare uses several different times in Romeo and Juliet?

HINT:

METAPHOR!

Ask for me tomorrow and you shall find me a grave

man.--Mercutio

WHAT FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE IS THIS?

What are some ways to determine the reliability of an article you would like to utilize for a

research project?

Determine who wrote it. Does the author have qualifications or expertise on the subject?

Is there a publisher?Does the article identify other sources?

Is it peer reviewed?

RANDOM CDA INFORMATIO

N

What determines the formality of an essay?

Its point of viewIts use of precise language

Its lack of slang terms and idiomsIts purpose Its audience

MORE RANDOM REMINDERS

First Person Point of View

Told from the point of view from someone within the story

Characterized by the use of “I” from the narrator’s viewpoint

Do not use first person when writing a formal essay.

POINT OF VIEW REMINDERS

Second person point of viewCharacterized by the use of ‘you’—its purpose is to bring

the reader into the storyDo not use second person in a

formal paper

POINT OF VIEW--

Third person objective: narrator reports a story in a neutral manner

Third Person Limited: a narrator reports the facts and interprets events from the

perspective of a single character

Third-Person Omniscient: an all-knowing narrator not only reports the facts but may

also interpret events and relate the thoughts and feelings of more than one character

THIRD PERSON POINT OF VIEW

Use a semicolon when you use a conjunctive adverb or transitional phrase

to join two main clauses.

I am a huge fan of sriracha hot sauce; however, I would not want to meet a

grizzly with a sriracha flamethrower in a dark alley.

SEMI-COLONS AND CONJUNCTIVE

ADVERBS