operational research by bee
TRANSCRIPT
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Found around the world except for the PolarRegion
A recently found fossilized bee dates back 100million years
First honey bee appeared 20-27 million yearsago
Bee keeping by humans occurred 4,500 yearsago
First time introduced into North America early16th century
Follow Operational Research principle.
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Two types of Bees- Social and Solitary
Social Bees that live in colonies.Solitary Bees that doesnt live in colonies i.e.
same hive in which queen lives.
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Honey
Wax & other productsPollination
Fun
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Honey
Wax & other products
Pollination
Fun
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Honey
Wax & other productsPollination
Fun
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Honey
Wax & other productsPollination
Fun
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Three distinct types ofHoney Bees inside the Hive- Queen, Drone and Worker
THE QUEEN(female) is the central member of thehive and the social bees live theirs lives around her.
THE DRONE is the male bee and he isconsiderablely larger then the Queen and theworker.
The Drone lives only to find and mate with a Queen.The act of mating actually leads to his death.
THEWORKER (Female) is the Honey Bee thatyou see flying around, alighting on the flowers togather nectar to bring back to the hive.
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SPECIES
Apismellifera
ligustica
Apismellifera
carnica
Apismelliferacaucasica
Apismelliferamellifera
Apismelliferascutellata
ORIGIN Italy
Alps,
northern
Yugoslavia
Caucasus
Mts
Northern
Europe
Eastern
Africa
COLOR
Golden
Yellow Gray/brown Lead-gray Brown/black
Golden
yellow
OVER
INTERING
Well
(generally)
Build quickly
in
spring
Well
Build quickly
in
spring
Poorly
Build slowly
in
spring
Well
Build slowly
in
spring Poorly
OTHER
Usually
gentle
Moves
frequently
Gentle
Gentle to
aggressive
Nervous &
aggressive Aggressive
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Branch of applied mathematics that usesmethods such as mathematicalmodeling, statistics, and algorithms to arrive atoptimal solutions to complex problems.
Helps management achieve its goals usingscientific methods.
Also called management or decision makingScience.
Applied to the real world also.
EXAMPLE Honey Bee
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Nature inspired methods (Mating Optimization)
Check by similar odor and using their antennae. Division Of Labor.
Recognize flowers producing the pollen they use
for protein and the nectar they use for energy.
Uses two known tools to understand wherefood is available are SolarCompass and
Internal Clock.
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Study uses a nature-inspired method,
namely honey bees mating optimizationalgorithm, that is based on the mating
behavior of honey bees for a financial
classification problem. Financial decisions
are often based on classification modelswhich are used to assign a set of
observations into predefined groups.
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Among females (reproduction)
Among workers (tasks) Depends upon
- Age of the bee
- Needs of the colony
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Young bees:1 to 10 days
Cell cleaningCap brood
Attend queen
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Middle-aged bees:10 to 20 days old
Receive nectar & pollen Comb building
Hive cleaning
- Debris removal- Undertakers
Climate control
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Old bees: 20 days until death (30-45 days)
Foraging Nectar
Pollen
W
aterHive defense
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To make 1 lb honey
Bees visit 2,000,000
flowers
Gather 10 lbs nectar
Fly 55,000 miles
1 cell of = life work of60 bees
To make 1 lb wax
Need to consume 10 lbs honey
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Use two known tools to understand where foodis:
SolarCompass, which lets her rememberwhere things are in relation to the sun.Thebee's ability to see polarized light lets herdetermine where the sun is regardless ofwhether.
Internal clock, which lets her keep track of howfar she has flown
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Dances Conveys
direction & distance to
nectar and pollensources
Two types of Dances:
Round Dance -
I
f thefood is nearby
Waggle Dance - When
the food is far away.
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The Queen is the primary
reproductive unit of the hive
Fertilized eggs may
become either workers or
queens
To become a queen, a
larva must: Be fed royal jelly
Be fed more food
Have a larger cell
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Brood is divided into two divisions
Resident queen in one division and An introduced queen in the other division.
For this purpose hive chambers are made
by worker bees in such a manner which
prevent direct contact ofTwo-Queen.
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BASE
FIRS BOTTOMBOARD
SECONDBOTTOMBOARD (EXIT & ENTRANCE)
FIRSTHIVECHAMBERONFIRSTBOTTOM
SECONDHIVECHAMBERONSECONDBOTTOM
THIRDHIVECHAMBERVERTICAL ALIGNMENTWITHSECONDHIVECHAMBER
FOURTHHIVECHAMBERVERTICAL ALIGNMENTWITHFIRSTHIVECHAMBER
A BEEWAY-ISOLATOR
FIRST ANDSECONDCOVERCLOSINGTOPOPENINGSOFTHIRD ANDFOURTH
HIVEC
HAMB
ERS
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A hive of bees must fly 55,000 miles to
produce a pound of honey.
One bee colony can produce 60 to 100pounds of honey per year.
An average worker bee makes only about
1/12 teaspoon of honey in its lifetime.
A strong, healthy hive will have a populationof approximately 50,000 bees.
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