notes on 9th computer science

7/28/2019 notes on 9th computer science

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Computer Short Questions 9th Class

Chapter: 1 Introduction to Computers

Q.1. What is Computer?Ans. Computer is an electronic device that processes data and converts it into

information and gives us results accordingly.Q.2. What is an ABACUS?Ans. Abacus, a wooden frame of wires and beads, was made by Chinese about 2000

years ago for simple addition.Q.3. What is Napiers Bones?Ans. John Napier created a device using rods to perform arithmetic calculations that is

called Napiers Bones.Q.4. What do you know about Pascaline Calculator?Ans. Pascal invented a machine that had a system of gears. Numbers could be

entered and cumulative sums obtained by cranking a handle.

Q.5. Who made the Difference Engine?Ans. Charles Babbage designed an automatic mechanical calculating machine that he

called a difference engine.Q.6. What is Analytical Engine?Ans. Charles Babbage constructed a general purpose, fully program-controlled,

automatic mechanical digital computer that is called analytical engine.Q.7. What is the use of Punched Cards and who made it?Ans. In 1890, Herman Hollerith developed the first electro-mechanical punched card

tabulator that could read information that had been punched into cards.Q.8. Who made ENIAC?

Ans. In 1942, P.Eckert, John W. Mauchly decided to build a high-speed electroniccomputer that is known as ENIAC.

Q.9. What is the modern idea of Stored-program and who proposed it?Ans. John Von Neumann gave the modern idea of stored-program and according to

him Data and program can be stored in the same memory. Thus the machinecan itself alter either its program or internal data.

Q.10. Write the Technologies and Computers of Computer Generations.Ans.

Generation Technology ComputersG-1 Vacuum Tubes ENIAC & UNIVAC-I

G-2 Transistors IBM7094,1400 SeriesG-3 Integrated Circuits UNIVAC 9000,IBM 370G-4 Microprocessor Apple Macintosh, IBM PCG-5 Artificial Intelligence

Q.11. Name the first Digital Computer?Ans. In early 1940s, Aiken built the first general-purpose digital computer called Mark-

I.Q.12. What is a Terminal?

Asif Rasheed BS(HONS) Physics # 0344 78 46 394


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Ans. A terminal is a monitor and a keyboard connected to a mainframe computer tobuild a network.

Q.13. What is meant by a Virtual Classroom?Ans. In a virtual classroom, the teacher deliver lecture at its own workplace while the

students, connected to a network, may listen to him at their homes. They may putquestions and answers are sent to them via email.

Q.14. Define Universal Production Code.Ans. The sequence of lines that is read by a Bar Code Reader. The price of the item

is stored in this code and these are automatically added to the bill.Q.15. Define Computer Simulation.Ans. Computer Simulation is the use of computer to represent the dynamic responses

of system by the change in behaviors of another system modeled after it.Q.16. What is a Computer Program?Ans. The set of instructions to solve any kind of problem is called computer program.

Q.17. Define Low Level Languages.Ans. These languages are quite close to the processor but not even understandable

for human being e.g. machine language, assembly language.Q.18. Define High Level Languages.Ans. These languages are quite close the human languages like English language

and far from machine language e.g. FORTRAN, BASIC, C/C++, VB.Q.19. What is an Assembler?Ans. Assembler is a program that translates an assembly language program into

machine code.Q.20. What is a Compiler?

Ans. Compiler is a program that translates a program written in high-level languageinto machine code. It reads the whole program before executing.

ABBREVIATIONS

ENIAC Electronical Numerical Integrator and CalculatorUNIVAC Universal Automatic ComputerIBM International Business MachineIC Integrated CircuitLSIC Large Scale Integrated CircuitVLSIC Very Large Scale Integrated CircuitAI Artificial Intelligence

PC Personal ComputerLCD Liquid Crystal DisplayATMs Automatic Transaction Machines

UPC Universal Production CodeOpcode Operation CodeFORTRAN Formula TranslationBASIC Beginners All-purpose Symbolic Instruction CodeCOBOL Common Business Oriented LanguageLISP List Processing) LanguageVB Visual Basic



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PDA Personal Data Assistants

Chapter: 2 Computer Components

Q.1. What is a Program?Ans. The sequence of instructions given to computer for manipulating data is known

as a program.Q.2. Define Electronic Data Processing.Ans. The process of performing arithmetic and logic operations with the help of

computer is known as electronic data processing.Q.3. What is meant by Computer Hardware?Ans. The physical parts of the computer that you can touch and feel are known as

computer hardware.Q.4. What is meant by Computer Software?

Ans. The organized collections of computer data and instructions are called computersoftware.

Q.5. What is Input Unit of computer?Ans. Input unit consists of input devices with which we send data to the central

processing unit e.g. keyboard, mouse, scanner etc.Q.6. What is Output Unit of computer?Ans. Output unit consists of output devices with which we get results e.g. monitor,

printer etc.Q.7. What is System Unit of computer?Ans. System unit consists of motherboard, microprocessor and the peripherals

attached to it.Q.8. Define System Software.Ans. The programs that are responsible for controlling and managing the actual

operations of the computer hardware are called system software e.g. operatingsystem.

Q.9. Define Application Software.Ans. The programs that are used to accomplish tasks specified by the user are called

application software e.g. word processing, spreadsheet etc.Q.10. Define the working of CPU.Ans. CPU is called the brain of the computer and the primary work of CPU is to

convert data from input, process the data and giving results accordingly.Q.11. Define the working of ALU.Ans. ALU is the combination of Arithmetic and Logic unit and it performs all the

mathematical and logical operations.Q.12. Define the working of CU.Ans. CU consists of circuitry that generates signals to direct the entire computer

system to execute the programs and controls the flow of information through theprocessor.



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Q.13. What is meant by BUS?Ans. BUS is the common path that is used to send and receive data and commands to

and from CPU and memory and all I/O devices.Q.14. What is Data Bus in Computer System?Ans. It is an electrical path that connects the central processing unit, memory,

input/output devices and secondary storage devices.Q.15. What is Address Bus in the Computer System?Ans. It carries address information and connects only central processing unit and

memory.Q.16. What is Control Bus in the Computer System?Ans. It carries control information from the control unit to the other units.Q.17. Define Computer Storage.Ans. Computer Storage is used to store programs and data.Q.18. Define Main Memory (RAM).

Ans. It is a type of memory that stores data temporarily and data can be stored andretrieved much faster than the secondary storage.

Q.19. Define Secondary Memory (ROM).Ans. It is a type of memory that stores data permanently and data can be stored and

retrieved but not be re-written.Q.20. What is meant by PORT?Ans. A socket that enables an external device such as printer device to be attached to

the computer.Q.21. Define Serial Port.Ans. Serial port allows s a serial hardware device to communicate with the computer

by transmitting one bit of information at a time such as mouse, modems andkeyboard.

Q.22. Define Parallel Port.Ans. Parallel port lets an external parallel device communication with the computer by

transmitting eight bits of data at a time and eight times faster than a serial port.Q.23. Define USB Port.Ans. USB is a Plug and Play hardware interface for peripherals such as the keyboard,

mouse, joystick etc.

ABBREVIATIONS

EDP Electronic Data ProcessingCPU Central Processing UnitALU Arithmetic and Logic UnitCU Control UnitI/O Devices Input and Output DevicesRAM Random Access MemoryROM Read Only Memory

USB Universal Serial BusCOM Ports Communication Ports



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Ans. Voice recognition applications require each word to be separated by a distinctpause to determine where on e word begins and the next stops. This style ofdictation is called discrete speech

Q.14. What is a Light Pen?Ans. Light pen is a light-sensitive input device shaped like a pen. It is used to draw on

the computer screen or to make menu selection.Q.15. What is a Digital Camera?Ans. Digital camera is a device that stores images digitally in its memory rather

recording them on film.Q.16. What is a Disk Drive?Ans. A disk drive is a machine that reads data from and writes onto a disk.Q.17. Define Output Devices.

Ans. The devices that are used to receive data and information from the computer arecalled output devices e.g. monitor, printer, speaker etc.

Q.18. What is a Softcopy?Ans. An electronic version of a document stored on a storage device is called

softcopy.Q.19. What is Hardcopy?Ans. The printed version of an electronic document is called hardcopy.Q.20. What is a Monitor?Ans. It is an output device that is used to get result in the form of image and text in

different colors.

Q.21. What is meant by resolution?Ans. The number of pixels on the screen expressed as a matrix is called resolution.Q.22. What is a CRT Monitor?Ans. A phosphors coated screen with three electron guns on its back is called CRT

Monitor.Q.23. What is a LCD Monitor?Ans. LCD Monitor is commonly used in portable computer and it creates images with a

special kind of liquid crystal that normally transparent but becomes opaque whencharged with electricity.

Q.24. Define Video Controller?

Ans. Video controller is an intermediary device between the CPU and the monitor anddetermines the resolution of the monitor e.g. VGA and SVGA.

Q.25. What is a Printer?Ans. Printer is an output device that produces hardcopy on the paper.Q.26. What are Impact Printers?Ans. Impact printers produce images by striking an inked ribbon with a hammer or a

set of pins, pressing ink from the ribbon onto a piece of paper.Q.27. What are Non-impact Printers?Ans. Non-impact printers produce images on paper without striking the page in any



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way.Q.28. What is a Plotter?Ans. Plotters are used as output device and print a large drawing or image(s).Q.29. What is meant by CDR?Ans. A CDR is a drive that allows for recording information to a CDR disk.Q.30. What is meant by CDRW?Ans. CDRW is a drive that can use both CDR and CDRW discs. These are the discs

on which old data can be erased and new data can be written.

ABBREVIATIONS

OCR Optical Character Recognition

HDD High Density Disk/Hard Disk Drive

FDD Floppy Disk Drive

CRT Cathode Ray Tube

LCD Liquid Crystal Display

VGA Video Graphic Array

SVGA Super Video Graphic Array

LPM Line Per Minute

CAE Computer Aided Education

CAD Computer Aided Design

CAM

Computer Aided ManufacturingCD Compact Disk

CDR Compact Disk Recorder

CDRW Compact Disk Writer and Re-writer.


notes on 9th computer science

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