non-metals and metalloids chemistry. learning goals to be able to explain the properties of...
DESCRIPTION
Properties of Non-Metals Many are gases at room temperature, some are solids, one is a liquid Solid non-metals have a dull lustre Solid non-metals are brittle Non-metals are usually poor conductors of electricity and thermal energy Examples: carbon ( C ), oxygen ( O ), chlorine ( Cl ), and neon ( Ne )TRANSCRIPT
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Non-Metals and MetalloidsCHEMISTRY
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Learning Goals
To be able to explain the properties of non-metals and metalloids within the periodic table
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Properties of Non-Metals
Many are gases at room temperature, some are solids, one is a liquid
Solid non-metals have a dull lustre Solid non-metals are brittle Non-metals are usually poor conductors of electricity and
thermal energy Examples: carbon (C), oxygen (O), chlorine (Cl), and neon
(Ne)
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Important Families
Non-metals are located on the right side of the staircase line
The last two groups are halogens (group 17) and noble gases (group 18)
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Group 17 – Halogens
Members of the halogen family are highly reactive Fluorine (F) is the most reactive of the halogens and non-metals Pure chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), and iodine (I) are poisonous to living
things Chlorine is used to disinfect water, and iodine solution is used to
disinfect wounds Iodine tablets are used by campers to make water from a stream or
river safe to drink These elements are commonly used in halogen lights
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Group 18 – Noble Gases
Noble gases are generally unreactive They are in the last group or column of the periodic
table Some noble gases are used to light neon signs
because the gases give off brightly coloured light when electricity passes through them
Other uses include helium (He) for balloons and xenon (Xe) for some vehicle headlights
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Halogens
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Noble Gases
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Metalloids
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Metalloids
Metalloids have properties in between those of metals and non-metals
All metalloids are solids at room temperature Some metalloids are weak conductors of electricity
and thermal energy Examples: boron (B), silicon (Si), germanium (Ge),
and arsenic (As)
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Metalloids and Computers
Metalloids are very useful to the electronic industry because they can conduct electricity to some extent
Silicon and germanium are used to make semiconductors, which are part of computer chips
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Success Criteria
I CAN describe the properties of non-metals and metalloids
I CAN locate the halogens, noble gases and metalloids on the periodic table
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To Do…
Video Demonstrations Worksheet