Types of Elements

1.Metals2.Non-Metals3.Metalloids

Alkali Metals: Group 1These metals are so reactive that they are never found as uncombined elements in nature.

Alkaline Earth Metals: Group 2

Alkaline Earth Metals are not as reactive as the metals in Group 1, but they are more reactive than most metals.

Transition Metals: Groups 3 -12

Metals in Mixed Groups

Lanthanides: First row of elements placed below the main part of the periodic table.

Actinides: The elements below the lanthanides

Non-Metals:

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

POOR CONDUCTORS OF ELECTRICITY AND HEAT

REACTIVE WITH OTHER ELEMENTS

10 OUT OF THE 16 NONMETALS ARE GASES AT ROOM TEMPERATURE

DULL

NOT SHINY

BRITTLE (NOT MALLEABLE OR DUCTILE)

Carbon Family: Group 14

Only Carbon, in the Carbon Family, is a nonmetal.

Nitrogen Family: Group 15

Nitrogen Family contains two nonmetals: Nitrogen and Phosphorus

Oxygen Family: Group 16

The Oxygen Family contains three nonmetals: Oxygen, Sulfur, and Selenium.

Halogen Family: Group 17Halogen = salt forming

All but Astatine are nonmetals

Noble Gases: Group 18

Hydrogen: the simplest and smallest atom in the Periodic Table of Elements

Because the chemical properties of Hydrogen differ very much from those of the other elements, it really cannot be grouped into a family.

MetalloidsMETALLOIDS HAVE SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF BOTH METALS AND NONMETALS

SOLIDS ARE ROOM TEMPERATURE

BRITTLE

HARD

SOMEWHAT REACTIVE