AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT FUND

DIFFA-LOCAL DEVELOPMENT SUPPORT PROJECT (PADL-D)

NIGER

PROJECT COMPLETION REPORT

OSAN.2

September 2012

1

A. PROJECT DATA AND KEY DATES I. BASIC INFORMATION

Project Number:

P-NE-A00-002

Project Name: Diffa-Local Development Support Project (PADL-D)

Country: Republic of Niger

ID Number of all Lending Instrument(s): Loan No. 2100150007152 of 4 December 2003

Sector

Rural Development

Environmental Classification:

Category II

Original Commitment Amount : UA 15 million

Amount Cancelled:

None

Amount Disbursed: ADF: UA 14 805 139

% Disbursed

ADF: (98.70%)

Borrower: Republic of Niger

Executing Agency(ies):

Ministry of Agricultural Development /DEP, Project Management Unit (PMU)

Key partners involved: WFP,

Co-financers and other External Partners: Government of Niger: UA 0.853 million Beneficiaries: UA 1,006 million Total project cost (excluding WFP): UA 16.86 million. WFP contribution stands at CFAF 233 192 214

II. KEY DATES

Project Concept Note Cleared by Ops. Com.

Not applicable

Appraisal Report Cleared by Ops. Com.

Not applicable

Board Approval:

Restructuring(s) Not applicable

Original Date Actual Date

Difference in months [actual date-original date]

EFFECTIVENESS 16 February 2004 July 2004 5 months

MID-TERM REVIEW April 2007 April 2008 12 months

CLOSING 31 December 2011 30 June 2012 6 months

III. RATINGS SUMMARY

CRITERIA SUB-CRITERIA RATING

PROJECT OUTCOME

Achievement of Outputs 2.7

Achievement of Outcomes 2.8

Timeliness 4

OVERALL PROJECT OUTCOME 3.17

BANK PERFORMANCE

Design and Readiness 2.79

Supervision 3.5

OVERALL BANK PERFORMANCE 3.15

BORROWER PERFORMANCE

Design and Readiness 2

Implementation 2.6

OVERALL BORROWER PERFORMANCE 2.3

PROJECT COMPLETION REPORT (PCR)

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IV. BANK STAFF RESPONSIBLE

POSITIONS AT APPROVAL AT COMPLETION

Regional Director C.R. Spencer, Director PERRAULT, FRANCK JOSEPH MARIE

Sector Director E. Dote, Division Manager BEILEH ABDIRAHMAN

Project Leader A. Mahama, X. Boulenger TARHOUNI MOULDI

PCR Team Leader TARHOUNI MOULDI

PCR Team Members MOHAMED HABIB SNANE (Consultant)

B. PROJECT CONTEXT (250 words) In 2002, the Niger authorities of adopted a Rural Development Strategy Paper (RDS) following the Sustainable Agricultural Growth Strategy of 1999. The objective of the Rural Development Strategy is to reduce the incidence of rural poverty from 66% to 52% by 2015. Niger is facing very difficult natural conditions for production, and agriculture in the Diffa Region is characterized by:

- degradation of dry-farmed cropland and rangeland by wind and water erosion; - degradation of agricultural water infrastructure: Irrigation Schemes (AHAs) and garden wells; - low water level of River Komadougou, the main source of water supply for these facilities; - lack of ownership of schemes by Cooperatives and Management Committees (COGES); - lack of training in management and organization for leaders and members of cooperatives; and - low cropping intensity on AHAs equipped with boreholes.

However, the Diffa region is endowed with environmental conditions and substantial irrigation potential that the project intends to rehabilitate and / or mobilize in accordance with Government policy as set forth in the RDS. The preparatory phase of PADL-Diffa was financed by an ADF grant which resulted in a feasibility document (BEROCAM, June 2003), on the basis of which the ADB produced an ex ante appraisal report in July 2003. Project implementation was entrusted to a Project Management Unit (PMU), established by Decree No. 199/MDA/DEP of 31 December 2003. The project's headquarters is located in Diffa and a liaison office has been opened in Niamey. The project was formulated against a backdrop of decentralization. Technical assistance was provided for community development and decentralization support r, and a Local Development Fund (LDF) was established to enable the 7 communes of the project area to exercise decision-making power with respect to the building of socio-economic infrastructure. Ongoing Bank and other externally financed activities that complement, overlap with or relate to this project are as follows:

- Community Action Programme, Phase 2 (CAP2) – Financed by the World Bank; - Rural Sector Support Programme (RSSP) –Danish Fund ; - Prodex – Agro-pastoral Export Promotion Project– Financed by the World Bank; - Special Programme for Food Security (SPFS) – Islamic Development Bank and Kingdom of Morocco; - Komadougou Farmers Support Project (PAPAK)- German Development Service; and - Harnessing of Maradi, Zinda, and Thaoua water resources (in progress)

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C. PROJECT OBJECTIVES AND LOGICAL FRAMEWORK The sector objective of the project is to contribute to food security and poverty reduction in Niger. The specific objective of the project is to improve the conditions of pastoral production and increase agricultural production in the Diffa region on a sustainable basis.

The Project comprises the following 3 components:

1.1.1. Component A : Agropastoral Development Works

This component aims to initiate rational and sustainable development of soil and water resources (Lake Chad and Komadougou Yobé River and oasis basins) by implementing agro-pastoral schemes and at the same time carrying out environmental protection and regeneration activities.

1.1.2. Component B : Participatory Planning and Capacity Building

This component aims to provide various forms of support and tools (tailored training, participatory assessments, preparation of CDPs, LDFs, etc.) enabling local communities and communes to programme their activities in such a manner as to ensure a better match between the expressed needs and project resources, in compliance with sector policies and strategies.

1.1.3. Component C : Project Management

This component aims at the coordination, facilitation, monitoring and control of all project activities. In addition, it is entails administrative and financial management of the project and creation of a partnership framework with all organizations involved and/or concerned by the implementation of the project.

PROJECT OBJECTIVE DIMENSIONS ASSESSMENT WORKING

SCORE

RELEVANT

a) Relevant to the country's development

priorities.

Given its sector objective, target groups and achievements, PADL Diffa contributes to rural poverty reduction. Accordingly, it is consistent with the SDRP. PADL Diffa is part of four anchor programmes and two priority sector programmes of the Rural Development Strategy (RDS).

4

ACHIEVABLE

b) Objectives could in principle be achieved

with the project inputs and in the expected

timeframe.

The project’s strategy based on the "contracting out" approach allows it to achieve its objectives. The communes were not quite operational during the implementation of PADL Diffa. However, the project provided for TA to remedy the issue.

3

CONSISTENT

c) Consistent with the Bank's country or regional strategy.

The project also falls within the ambit of the Bank’s CSP (2002-2004) that identified two priorities: (i) rural

development; and (ii) human resource development by strengthening access to basic education and training.

4

d) Consistent with the Bank's corporate

priorities.

Consistent with the Bank’s vision whose key challenge is poverty reduction.

4

OBJECTIVES ACTIVITIES EXPECTED OUTPUTS

EXPECTED OUTCOMES INDICATORS TO BE MEASURED

SECTOR GOAL

Contribute to food security and poverty reduction in Niger.

- Average adult daily calorie intake is 2,700 by 2009; and

- the incomes of at least 5,000 farms increase by an average of 80 %.

- Access to food commodities is facilitated;

- The nutritional status of households is improved;

- rural exodus has decreased.

amounts of BC used; marketed produce, the number of young people with access to land

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PROJECT OBJECTIVES

Improve the conditions of pastoral production and increase agricultural production in the Diffa region on a sustainable basis.

- Acreage and production of IPs have increased;

- Rural infrastructure in production areas is in good condition;

- Modern agricultural techniques are adopted;

- production perimeters are protected.

- cooperatives and COGES are operational;

- The added value of crop and animal production has improved;

Loans used by farmers; financial balance sheet of cooperatives; CDP projects implemented; financial balance sheet of communes

COMPONENT ACTIVITIES EXPECTED OUTPUTS EXPECTED OUTCOMES INDICATORS TO BE MEASURED

Component A Irrigated Agro-pastoral Schemes

Rehabilitation of 370ha and extension of 100ha in former AHAs.

Yields increased from 3 to 5T/ha for rice and from 1.77 to 2.5 T / ha for peppers. 9 cooperatives out of 9 former AHAs revitalized.

- The former cooperatives are once again operational;

- Crop production is increased

- Crop yields; - The financial

balance sheet of cooperatives

Creation of 105 ha of new AHAs at the Kiménaga Boléram.

Diversification and dual cropping on 105 ha. Yields will reach 2.5 and 5T/ha for peppers and rice respectively.

- Optimize achievements with respect to the management of public IP from the waters of the Koumadougou;

- Reduction of rural exodus.

Irrigated areas; volumes and duration of irrigation from surface waters and wells.

Construction of 11 pond control structures.

Yields on 2005 ha of irrigated perimeters from ponds will reach 5T/ha for rice and 1T/ha for sweet pepper.

- Maximize the use of surface water;

- Increase the amount of water available for new AHAs.

Number of structures constructed; Number of ponds controlled. Irrigated area.

Hydro-agricultural development of 300ha of oasis basins

Crop yields will reach 15T/ha for cassava, 25T/ha for onion, 20 T/ha for cabbage and 1.8 T/ha for dates and 5T/ha for papaya.

Increased income for the populations; intensification of breeding around the basins; Settlement of herders.

Surface areas and number of basins developed.

Development of 200 ha of polder on two sites in Lake Chad.

Extending flood-recession cropping on 200 ha with yields of 2.7 T/ha for maize, 1t/ha for cowpea and 3.5 T/ha for wheat.

Intensify flood-recession crop production, reduce pressure on the development of sandy soils along the banks of Lake Chad;

Surface area of developed polders; comparison with production on traditional polders.

Rehabilitation of 20km of feeder road leading to the polders

Foster the use of inputs and marketing of agricultural produce in the polders

Intensifying the development of polders.

Number of km rehabilitated; Statistics on road traffic.

Component A Rain-fed Agro-Pastoral Schemes

Building of agro-pastoral infrastructure

Rehabilitation of 10 artesian boreholes; sinking of 20 pastoral

- Increased livestock production;

- Reduction of

Number of rehabilitated and/or built

5

wells, 10 vaccination pens and 170 km of corridors and 0 km of firewalls.

transhumance and conflicts between breeders and farmers;

- Structuring of breeders.

infrastructure that is operational

Improvement of 1200 ha of rangeland and recovery of 300ha of glacis

Planting of shrubs and of herbaceous plants on 1,200 ha of rangeland. Work of CES over 300 ha of glacis. Temporary Prohibition of use of 1500 ha.

- Introduce the practice of semi-intensive livestock farming (fattening) in the Diffa region;

- Improve the fodder balance;

Additional production in MS fodder; Changes in the practice of livestock fattening.

Development of 600 ha of bottomlands fallow

Drilling of 20 wells for stock watering; - Attain rain-fed yields of 500kg/ha for millet and 300 kg / ha for cowpea.

Encourage rain-fed crop production in environments with high productive potential

Number of wells drilled; Surface area of bottomlands recovered for cropping

Component A Environmental Protection

Implementation of ESMP by BEEEI

Monitoring and control of the implementation of measures provided for in environmental impact assessments.

The adverse environmental impacts of achievements are mitigated.

Quality and quantity of environmental measures.

Stabilization of dunes

Protection of developed basins and lowlands against silting up.

The sustainability of built infrastructure is assured.

- Number of hectares stabilized;

- Number of hectares protected.

Mechanical protection of the banks of the Koumadougou

5 km of river banks will be treated mechanically in 3 sites.

Tailoring mechanical bank erosion control techniques to the local context;

Location and length of treated river banks.

Biological protection of river banks

20 km of riverbanks will be stabilized by planting floodwater-submersion-resistant species.

Restoration of forest galleries along river banks; Timber production.

- Length of planted river banks;

- % of success of plantations;

Environmental surveillance

Conduct of thematic studies on the environment

Establishment of the baseline; Monitoring the evolution of ecosystems

Number of studies conducted.

Component B Participatory Planning and Capacity Building

Support to decentralization

Establishment and equipping of 7 rural communes; Structuring and training of 7 communal councils.

The CDPs of the 7 communes are designed. Preparation of the communes for project management of investment projects;

Buildings rehabilitated and equipped; Number and type of trainings received.

Structuring grassroot communities

90 local councils are structured and trained; Design of 90 local development plans.

Grassroot communities are involved in the management of built infrastructure.

Number of LDP and CDP designed;

6

Local investment Fund

An amount of UA 1839358 is allocated by PADL to the LDF. Signing of 7 co-financing agreements (10%) with the 7 communes.

- Preparation of communal sub-projects based on CDP;

- STD/commune cooperation;

- Funding of community sub-projects.

Number of sub-projects funded by the LDF and Budget used; Cooperation agreement with STD

Support to land commissions

Construction and equipping of the 3 offices of the 3 COFODEPs of Maine Soroa, Diffa and N'Guigme.

Infrastructure and facilities of the project and LDF are tenure-secure (issuance of land titles).

Agreement with the Permanent Secretariat for the Rural Code (PSRC).

Advisory support to infrastructure managers

Strengthening the 11 cooperatives of the 9 AHAs rehabilitated and the 2 new AHAs and COGES of the other schemes.

The sustainability of infrastructure is ensured; The management of farmers' organizations is strengthened.

Number of MOs trained; Social funds (contributions) and fees paid.

Advisory support to farmers’ organizations

Extension activities in the facilities by STD (ONAHA, DRA, DRRA ...)

Efficient use of water and inputs. Increased yields.

Agreements with central and deconcentrated services.

Support to marketing

Construction of 20 warehouses for inputs and produce in irrigation schemes.

Cooperatives and COGES will generate economies of scale by purchasing inputs and selling their produce

Warehouses built; warehouse documents

Support to supervisory staff, SFD, research and development

Equipment for STD; Support to local SFD (N'Gada and N'Gor) Rehabilitation / Equipment of Sayam, Research Protocol with INRAN.

The SFDs grant loans to project beneficiaries. Development of technological packages in agricultural production;

Research publications; Status of N'Gor loans; Application of research findings.

Women’s advancement

Allocation of IP plots to women; Supervision and training in disease prevention and treatment; Distribution of 2000 treated mosquito nets.

Integration of women into the economic fabric; The living conditions of women improved; Health and education of women guaranteed.

OPF Status, Number of mosquito nets distributed; Surface area of IPUs allocated to women

Component C Project management

Technical assistance 36 p/m Technical Assistance for the implementation of decentralization and capacity building

Communes are able to design, update and implement their CDP. Financial management in communes operational.

TA Report; Administrative and financial documents of Communes.

PMU Staff installed and provided with premises and work equipment

Coordinator and 4 experts, accounting, monitoring-evaluation systems operational

Administrative, financial and technical management and the monitoring-evaluation of project activities are carried out

Number, type and mobility of staff assigned and recruited.

Implementation of project activities

All agreements, contracts and protocols with operators established in a timely manner and operational

Timely implementation of project activities.

Contractors' reports, mid-term review, final reports.

Project monitoring Steering committee, external monitoring, mid-term review and supervision

Project activities carried out at 100%;

Mission reports of the DEP / MA, of the Bank.

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LOGICAL FRAMEWORK DIMENSIONS ASSESSMENT WORKING SCORE

LOGICAL

a) Presents a logical causal chain for achieving the project development objectives.

The logical framework was established following the old format. It was reformulated to show the logical causal chain for achieving project objectives. 2

MEASURABLE

b) Expresses objectives and outcomes in a way that is measurable and quantifiable.

The project document sets out the expected objectives in measurable and quantifiable terms (area, yield), but not in the logical framework. The impact of most project activities is not specific. The baseline situation per commune is not established.

2

THOROUGH c) States the risks

and key assumptions.

The only risk presented in the logical framework is that relating to the communal elections of 2003. 1

D. OUTPUTS AND OUTCOMES I. ACHIEVEMENT OF OUTPUTS

MAJOR ACTIVITIES Working Score (1 to 4)

Share of Project Costs in %

Weighted Score

Expected Outputs Actual Outputs

Component A

Agro-pastoral Developments

Yields increased from 3 to 5 T/ha for rice and from 1.77 to 2.5 T/ha for peppers on the 470ha of former AHAs that have been rehabilitated.

Rice yields ranged between 6 and 10 T/ha and pepper yields between 2 and 2.7 T/ha. However, the developed areas of the four former AHAs amount to only 187 ha of which 50 ha are on the LDF.

2

0.198

0.396

Diversification and double cropping on 105 ha of 2 new AHAs. Yields will increase from 0 T/ha to 2.5 and 5 T/ha for sweet pepper and rice respectively.

7 new AHAs on 202 ha. Expected yields are exceeded on the 2 AHAs accepted; For the other 5, only 98% of the work is completed on 2 of them. The 5 new AHAs have not been irrigated.

2

0.08

0.16

Yields on 2200 ha of irrigated perimeters from 11 OCMs will reach 5 T/ha for rice and 1 T/ha for peppers.

Construction of 11 OCMs; refill of 1.9 km of dikes and re-shaping of 103 km of channels. Yields on IPs from ponds reached 5 T/ha for rice and 2 T/ha for peppers.

4

0.07

0.28

Irrigated agriculture of 300 ha of basins. Crop yields will reach 15 T/ha for cassava, 25 T/ha for onion, 20 T/ha for cabbage and 1.8 T/ha for dates and 5T/ha for papaya.

Development of 244 ha of basins supervised by BNIC-SEAD. The yields obtained are 35 T/ha for tubers, 0.6 T/ha for dates. 20 basins require protection by fencing. Beneficiaries have replaced broken down hand pumps with motor pumps

3

0.035

0.105

8

Development of 2 sites of 200 ha with yields of 2.7 T/ha for maize, 1 T/ha for cowpea and 3.5 T/ha for wheat.

A 100ha site developed. Cowpea monoculture practiced on this polder in 2011 was plagued by diseases (from insects). The digging of wells by beneficiaries is a risk for flood-recession crops.

2

0.060

0.12

Rehabilitation of 20km of feeder road leading to the polders for the marketing of inputs and agricultural produce

Rehabilitation of 14.5 km of feeder roads which are in good condition and charged fees by COGES.

4

0.009

0.036

Rehabilitation of 1500 ha of rangeland and glacis and 10 artesian boreholes; sinking of 20 pastoral wells, 10 vaccination pens and 170 km of corridors and 0 km of firewalls.

Expectations 100% met in addition to the unexpected 500km of firewalls. However, the 2009 survey revealed shortcomings on several pastoral wells and boreholes including deteriorating fences, anti-sloughs and drinking troughs. The marking out was started in 2007 and completed in 2010.

3

0.066

0.198

Drilling of 20 wells for stock watering and human consumption in 600 ha of bottomlands; Attain rain-fed yields of 500 kg/ha for millet and 300 kg/ha for cowpea.

15 wells drilled 600 ha of bottomlands recovered for cultivation. Yields of 350 kg / ha for sorghum and 1600 kg / ha for cowpea were obtained.

3

0.01

0.03

Environmental Protection

Protection of developed basins and lowlands against sand encroachment through the stabilization of 1650 ha of dunes.

1400 ha of partially stabilized dunes. The density of 625 trees/ha was not reached. Lack of herbaceous cover.

2

0.03

0.06

5 km of the Koumadougou river banks will be treated mechanically and 20 km biologically in 3 sites.

Mechanical stabilization covers 604 ml and biological stabilization covers 5km of river banks in 3 locations. However, 2 sites have not been accepted.

2

0.03

0.06

Implementation of environmental mitigative measures included in the implementation studies for the developed areas.

Significant clearing on sandy soil for cultivation along the earth road in polders. No windbreaks installed in the AHAs.

2 0.02 0.04

Component B: Participatory Planning and Capacity Building

Support to decentralization through the establishment and equipment for 7 rural communes

9 communes were supported through training and equipment. Although the construction of five communal headquarters with the LDF is not provided for by the PAR, they had a significant impact on the strengthening of decentralization.

3

0.022

0.066

90 local development plans and 7 communal councils will be structured and trained in financial and administrative matters

Structuring of 7 communes and design of 4 communal development plans.

3

0.031

0.093

9

An amount of UA 1839358 is allocated by PADL to the LDF. Signing of 7 co-financing agreements with the 7 communes (10% self-financing).

Self-financing did not exceed 2.5%. An amount of UA 1,738,130 (CFAF 1,261,260,000) was disbursed for 8 communes and 155 sub-projects financed by the PDL. The most significant achievements were the construction of five communal headquarters (CFAF 145 million), The rehabilitation of CDA AHAs (70 million), and the stabilization of 421ha of sand dunes (168 million).

3

0.14

0.42

Building and Equipping of 3 offices of the 3 COFODEPs of Maine Soroa, Diffa and N'Guigme

Contract with PSRC (Rural Code) and building and equipping of 3 COFODEPs.

150 land titles were issued to PADL. However, problems still persist in the new AHAs

3

0.013

0.039

Institution building of 11 cooperatives in the 9 AHAs rehabilitated and 2 new AHAs and COGES of other development

Institution building of AHA cooperatives and establishment of cooperatives for 7 AHAs and 88 Infrastructure Management Committees. The execution of contracts between the project and the COGES for some development (dunes, rangelands, boreholes) was not fully satisfactory.

3 0.02 0.06

Advisory and extension activities to beneficiaries of amenities (communes, AHAs, etc.) by central services and STD of public institutions and NGOs

Several contracts were executed between the project and STDs (DRE, DDE, RDG, HRD, BEEEI, ONAHA, DREN, DDDA, SAAD) BEEEI, ONAHA, SRPV, ORTN, CRADA); an NGO (GIE SHAR).

3

0.024

0.072

Support to supervisory staff, MFIs, research & development

Equipment for STDs; Support to local MFIs (N'Gada and N'Gor); Rehabilitation / equipment Sayam laboratory, research & development protocol with INRAN. Unsatisfactory results.

2

0.015

0.03

Allocation of IP plots to women; Supervision and training in disease prevention and treatment; Distribution of 2000 treated mosquito nets.

.

Construction of 30 cereal banks all managed by women's groups. Of the 1,975 members, elected officials and farmers' organizations trained, 1,061 (53.7%) are women.

3 0.01 0.03

Component C : Project Management

Establishment of PMU

The composition of the Project Management Unit is consistent with the PAR recommendations (5 services); However, the first official of the SE left the PMU in January 2008 and the second in December 2010.

3 0.029 0.087

Technical assistance (32 p/m) in the implementation of

Technical assistance (32 p/m) by BDPA; The main activities with the

3 0.022 0.066

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decentralization and communal management.

communes as clients, took place at the end of the TA mission.

Buildings, vehicles, equipment and operation.

Construction and equipping of the PMU head office and procurement of 4 vehicles.

4 0.045 0.18

Project monitoring

1 Steering Committee meeting per year instead of 2; 13 Bank supervision missions; 1 mid-term review, operational accounting system.

3

0.021 0.063

OVERALL OUTPUT SCORE [Score is calculated as the sum of weighted scores]

2.7

Check here to override the calculated score

Provide justification for over-riding the calculated score

Insert the new score or re-enter the calculated score 2.7

II. ACHIEVEMENT OF OUTCOMES

OUTCOMES Working Score

Expected Actual

Component A: Agro-pastoral Development Former cooperatives are once again operational; Crop production is increased.

Crop production has been improved on former rehabilitated AHAs. However, rehabilitation was completed late (2007).

Cooperatives of former AHAs dating back to 1996 have already acquired the requisite expertise for the management of IPs that would allow them to develop the project’s irrigation investments.

3

Optimization of achievements pertaining to the management of public IP from the Koumadougou floodwaters. Reduction of rural exodus

Irrigation will resume on former AHAs much of which was destroyed by floods (2001, 2003). Crop yields (peppers) obtained since 2008 have exceeded expectations and contributed to raising the incomes of beneficiaries.

4

Optimizing the use of the Komadougou floodwaters. Increase the volume of water available for new AHAs.

The water balance of the river Komadougou and series of ponds associated with it in the Diffa region is not known accurately, to the extent that the supply of new AHAs from the flood waters of the river seems problematic.

2

Increased income for the populations; intensification of stock raising around the basins; Settlement of herders.

Agricultural production has increased significantly in the basins on account of the development and climatic (oasis effect) and hydro-geological (shallow groundwater) conditions conducive to intensive cropping in these basins. The replacement of hand pumps supplied by the project with power pumps and the construction of enclosures by the beneficiaries shows their effective ownership.

4

Intensification of flood-recession crop production;

Agricultural extension has not kept pace with water utilization in the 100 ha of polder. High cowpea monocrop yields (5T/ha) are threatened by major insect attacks and the drastic lowering of the static level of the water table in the polder through pumping.

2

Reduction of pressure on dry development of sandy soil along the banks of Lake Chad;

Cowpea cultivation has been practiced throughout the 100 ha of polder during the dry season. The earth road fostered inputs supply (treatment chemicals, cowpea seeds) and produce marketing. It is expected that cropping intensification in the polder reduces clearing for the dry development of sandy areas along the road.

3

11

Increased livestock production through watering and vaccination. Reduction of transhumance and conflicts between breeders and farmers. Structuring of breeders.

Data on the impact of watering and animal health on animal production were not available. However, the quality and utilization of the relevant infrastructure were sub-standard. By contrast, the reinforced concrete markers in the corridors are more sustainable.

2

Introducing the practice of semi-intensive livestock farming (fattening) in the Diffa region; Improving the fodder balance;

The increase in biomass observed in some improved rangelands and the creation of water points are factors that contribute to the settlement of herders and the practice of semi-intensive livestock farming (fattening). The project does not have the relevant data.

2

Improvement of rain-fed crop production in environments with high productive potential.

The sinking of pastoral wells in the bottomlands has increased the cultivated areas, but yields remain dependent on rainfall.

3

Environmental Activities Protection of completed infrastructure against sand encroachment

The occasional and dispersed dune stabilization works are not very effective in coping with the dune areas adjacent to 20 basins, 10 bottomlands, 10 boreholes and 20 pastoral wells and other completed infrastructure. In addition, the quality of the dune stabilization works is poor.

2

Tailoring mechanical bank erosion control techniques to the local context;

The riverbank stabilization infrastructure in Lada has endured a flood from the Komadougou. The other 2 sites have not been accepted. It is too early to comment on the sustainability of this type of structure. However, technology is an innovation appropriate for the conditions of the area (no stones).

3

Restoration of forest galleries along river banks; Timber production to offset the deforestation of the savannah.

This action has been reduced to 1/10 as a result of accumulated delays. Absence of trees along the banks of the river. 1

Activities recommended for the development are among the most environmentally friendly.

Most techniques used in irrigation schemes and other types of infrastructure do not involve population movements or changes over large areas of the natural environment.

4

Component B Participatory planning and capacity building

Preparation of communes for role as clients of investment projects

Most elected local representatives are illiterate. The performance of the consulting engineer for training in this area was poor; Cooperation between STDs and communes is not clarified. The commune did not open an account with LDF for PADL. The project contributed to the implementation of decentralization.

3

Preparation of communal sub-projects (CDP) Preparation of LDF Manual of Procedures

Sub-projects funded by the LDF of the PADL account for huge communal investments compared with other projects. This has encouraged communes to become more involved in the use of the LDF of the project. Schooling communes on the ownership of their projects is effective.

4

Infrastructure and facilities of the project and LDF are tenure-secure (issuance of land titles)

The location of the CPG in the region has led to close cooperation with local elected officials and deconcentrated regional and departmental structures, thereby ensuring better land tenure security for most of the projects. Communes are beginning to collect revenue from the management of this infrastructure (cattle and pepper markets.)

4

The sustainability of infrastructure other than AHAs is ensured; The capacity of farmers' organizations is strengthened.

The project executed force account work on the sand dunes, rangelands, basins and bottomlands under contract with COGES and village nursery growers. However, the COGESs fail to mobilize human and financial resources for the maintenance of these investments. There is more risk involved for the new AHAs, especially given the problem of water shortage.

3

The efficient use of water and inputs. Higher yields. OPs use warehouses to generate economies of scale by purchasing inputs and selling their produce.

Yields from initially rehabilitated AHAs and developed basins are encouraging. Given that most irrigation schemes were completed late, the project did not have time for supervision and reconciliation of COGES, Cooperatives and OPF with MFIs and input marketing and production agencies, in order to make good use of built warehouses.

3

12

The sustainability of irrigation infrastructure is ensured; The capacity of farmers' organizations is strengthened

The experience of former AHA cooperatives predisposes them for management of facilities. The sustainability of new AHAs is technically threatened by the lack of irrigation water and the small size of the IP and the large number of operators (0.25 ha / beneficiary). The cohesion of this huge number of members belonging to a PO is risky, given the individualism that had prevailed before the creation of the IP.

2

MFIs grant loans to project beneficiaries. Increased crop yields

Warehouses were not too useful for the warrantage of agricultural products by the N'Gada cooperative. The number of bags of peppers under warrantage in the PADL-D area decreased from 2006 bags in 2007 to 750 in 2008 and 330 in 2010. Moreover, the N'Gor MFI did not grant loans to project beneficiaries.

1

Integration of women into the economic fabric; The living conditions of women improved; Health and education of women guaranteed.

Of the 1975 officers of the OP, MFI, members of Communes and local communities that were trained, 1,061 (54%) are women. The members of the COGES of the 30 grain banks are all women; 6201 contact farmers, inluding2787 women participating in 453 farm demonstration sessions. 2672 farmers, of which 766 are women, benefitted from environmental dissemination issues; 2000 treated mosquito nets were distributed.

4

Component C : Project management The project team was put in place in a timely manner and equipped with work tools.

The buildings were constructed and equipment procured with ADF resources; the government's contribution was limited. The project team was strengthened by an agronomist.

3

The management and monitoring-evaluation of project activities are ensured

Project monitoring was good; however, the project's social, technical and economic impact assessment was deficient owing to the change of the head of the project's monitoring-evaluation service. Since January 2010, the project has no SE.

2

Technical assistance It supported the activities of the contractor, EBRD, in structuring grassroots communities and in the preparation of CDPs and community projects financed by the LDF. TA ended prior to the implementation of most sub-projects.

3

Project activities were 100% implemented ;

All activities were 100%carried out; however, bottlenecks persist. In addition, their scheduling was not respected, thereby reducing their rate of return from 14% to 9%.

3

OVERALL OUTCOME SCORE [Score is calculated as an average of the working scores]

2.8

Check here to override the calculated score

Provide justification for over-riding the calculated score

Insert the new score or re-enter the calculated score 2.8

Other outcomes:

- WFP contributed food equivalent to CFAF 234 million; - The study conducted by the project showed the beneficial effect of the proliferation of ponds on birds. - The LDF financed 155 projects for an amount of UA 11 738 130. - Development of warrantage, from 2007 to 2009, concerning approximately 3146 bags of peppers for a loan to

the tune of CFAF 33,176,028 granted by Mutuelle N'Gada (agreement between the project and N'Gada and ECSC)

Threats to the Sustainability of Outcomes:

As at project closing date, the quality of some works executed on rehabilitated AHAs significantly reduced the efficiency of water use. Hence, some sections of old concrete-lined irrigation canals were broken and leaked profusely (Lada AHA), and at times required complete renovation as in the case of a secondary canal that irrigates 8 ha in Chétimari. The rapid drying up of water sources (ponds) in 3 new AHAs (N'Gagam, Wondori and Boudoum) among the 7 is cause for concern to the beneficiaries of these

13

IPs. As for the new AHA in N'Gagam, approved since 2008, the issue of soil salinization by irrigation water has not been resolved. The failure to supply water to the AHAs has cost their farmer organizations the support of the project at the start-up of the operation of their IPs, as was the case for rehabilitated AHAs whose cooperatives were revitalized by the Project.

The same applies to the 100ha polder whose late completion deprived beneficiaries of logistics support from the project. They practice cowpea monocropping and the use of non-standard chemicals for the treatment of insect infestation poses a threat to the environment (groundwater pollution).

Rural plots granted by COFOs to new AHAs seem to be challenged by a minority of farmers without undermining the tenure security of the sites. Similarly, the list of beneficiaries of the Boudoum AHA is still pending, given that beneficiaries have not paid their share.

Difficulties encountered in produce marketing in the basins as a result of their isolation may undermine the sustainability of basins developed.

The natural environmental conditions of the Diffa region characterized by the presence of dunes and low vegetation cover have rendered most pastoral and agricultural infrastructure built by the project vulnerable to sand encroachment.

Decentralization has become a reality in Niger. Consequently, the sustainability of outcomes depends on the: i) assistance provided to communes by the government to support infrastructure built by the project; ii) continued monitoring of project outputs by the directorates of the MDA, each in its own sphere; iii) involvement of MFIs (N'Gor and N'Gada) at the communal level, with a view to ensuring the sustainability of agricultural credit; and iv) ongoing attendant support by OPs (Cooperatives and COGES) through STDs and ONAHA.

E. PROJECT DESIGN AND READINESS FOR IMPLEMENTATION (250 words)

As a result of deteriorating climatic conditions and the drying out of Lake Chad, cereal deficit in the Diffa region increased and the bulk of the income of the population is now derived from crops grown in the region of the Maïné Soroa basins (cassava, date palm) and the Komadougou River Basin (pepper), as well as livestock farming practiced on the southern fringe of the department. The project was designed to use these resources more efficiently through the rehabilitation/creation of irrigation and pastoral schemes. The fact remains that several development sites require opening-up works that the project did not take into consideration. Due to the remoteness of the project area, project management by central Government structures is difficult. In addition, PADL-DIFFA is a decentralization support project and, as such, its intervention strategy takes into account local consultation, programming and management structures, in accordance with the national decentralization policy. Component B of the project includes a major thrust for support to decentralization and community development. It supplements the Support Project for the Urban Commune of Diffa (PACURD) funded by UNDP, UNCDF and the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs. It is a pilot project which aims to support the democratic decentralization process. The intervention strategy of the project is based on the "contracting-out" approach. Hence, the streamlined unit (PMU) comprising five experts, enlists the expertise not only of private operators (NGOs, consultants, consulting engineer, etc.) for the implementation of activities, but also of the decentralized units of some ministries and national State institutions that are stakeholders through protocols and agreements. The project provided for increasing the accountability of the users of amenities by revitalizing many existing organizations (cooperatives, women's organizations, COGES) and creating new ones. However, most of these entities lack financial resources and skilled supervisory staff. It is based on the PAPAK project funded by the German cooperation whose objective is to restructure cooperatives, their unions and credit unions N'Gada. The project provided for institution building of these structures and 2 operational microfinance institutions in the project area. The project provided for the land tenure security of the socio-economic infrastructure created by the project through consistent support to departmental and communal land commissions under the rural land code enacted in 1993 (Ordinance No. 93-015), which clarified the complex land tenure situation of Niger. However, the implementing instruments of this code were not enacted at the time of project preparation, thereby making its implementation difficult with respect to agrarian reform in the IP where individualism prevails.

14

PROJECT DESIGN AND READINESS FOR IMPLEMENTATION DIMENSIONS

ASSESSMENT WORKING SCORE

REALISM

a) Project complexity is matched with

Country capacity and political commitment.

The country’s capacity and political commitment analysis were overstated due to marked inaccessibility of the area and the illiteracy of beneficiaries. This has led to considerable implementation delay and the ensuing risk of unsustainability.

3

RISK ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION

b) Project design includes adequate risk

analysis.

The only risk mentioned in the logical framework is: "The municipal elections were held in late 2003 (or early 2004) and communal councils have been put in place." Additional risks not mentioned have arisen during implementation, namely the country's deficits in electric power and water resources in ponds fed by flood water from the Komadougou.

2

USE OF COUNTRY SYSTEMS

c) Project procurement, financial

management, monitoring and/or other

systems are based on those already in use

by government and/or other partners

Procurement procedures implemented are those of the Government and the Bank, but their implementation is weak (laxity in dealing with contractors, ineffective operator performance monitoring). The accounting system installed was operational, contrary to the M & E system. 3

For the following dimensions, provide separate working scores for Bank performance and Borrower performance: WORKING SCORE

Bank Borrower

CLARITY d) Responsibilities for

project implementation were clearly defined.

Borrower completed the implementation of certain activities (dunes, rangelands) (through COGES and villagers) without any reaction from the Bank. It was not anticipated that ONAHA would participate in the earthworks. Beneficiary mobilization activities (basins, bottomlands, glacis, and villages) were entrusted to consulting firms (EBRD BNIC-SCP / SAED) instead of NGOs. Duplication of efforts for the same activity (ponds: SRGR and GKW CONSULT; glacis: DRE and BNIC; communes: TA and EBRD).

3 2

PROCUREMENT READINESS

e) Necessary implementation documents (e.g. specifications, design, procurement documents) were ready at appraisal.

Most documents required for implementation were not ready at the time of appraisal. Implementation studies for most infrastructures had to be reviewed. Some studies on APD / BD prepared for AHAs were incomplete. TA contributed to drawing up the specifications for certain agreements, terms of reference. Studies were conducted over several years.

2 2

MONITORING READINESS

f) Monitoring indicators and monitoring plan were agreed upon before project launch.

The operation of the M & E service of the CGP was interrupted. TA has not participated in the monitoring of project activities. The mid-term review took place 4 years after project start-up (March 2008). Bank supervision missions were regular. The CNO did not play its role. The impact on pastoral amenities and the pepper market did not give rise to concrete actions.

3 2

BASELINE DATA

h) Baseline data were available or were collected during project design.

Reference data available at project start-up are general and country-wide, and not specific to the Diffa region. The project commissioned diagnostic studies and inventories from private and State contractors.

2 2

15

F. IMPLEMENTATION (300 words) Key Project Implementation Dimensions PADL / Diffa is under the supervisory authority of the Ministry of Agriculture. Scheduled over a 6-year period (2004-2009), the effectiveness date is 16 February 2004. Lending conditions concerning the signing of agreements between the project and: i) ONAHA to monitor IPs; ii) INRAN for research and development; iii) BEEEI for environmental monitoring; iv) SPCR and COFOs for land tenure security; and v) the MBC for stockbreeding, have been met. In March 2004, the Minister of Agriculture appointed the Coordinator and assigned 7 experts to the PADL.

Following delays due to the remoteness of the area, the main changes recorded are reduction in the surface area of AHAs to be rehabilitated in favour of new designs, and reduction of the area of basins and polders. This has exacerbated the imbalance in the allocation of investment in irrigation schemes in favour of those of the Komadougou (CFAF 4.6 million against CFAF 0.6 million for basins and polders). Lastly, however, basins and polders are in operation while several AHAs are not yet impounded. Shortcomings were observed in their implementation (basins not protected by fences, flooding of an IP, faulty seal valves of an OM). Protection works on the Komadougou banks have used new techniques adapted to the local context. The vandalism they suffered did not affect their resistance to the initial floods of the river.

Certain activities likely to fall under the responsibility of NGOs have been either carried out under contracts with private consultants (BNIC-SAED for the lowlands, basins and rangelands; EBRD for community structuring) or by force account (HLI) through contracts with management committees and villagers (rangeland works, glacis and dunes). The EBRD outsourced some of its activities to an NGO, namely DPPAE Banama.

The project made extensive use of consultancy services for studies, training and various other services (More than thirty, including only five studies FD/ BD). The Project received 3-year technical assistance (March 2005-March 2008) from the French office of BDPA which had supported EBRD in the preparation of CDPs and community sub-projects. Devolved technical services (STD) at the regional and departmental levels have contributed significantly to project implementation through Memoranda of Understanding with the project.

2 MFIs (N'Gor and Ngada) received support from the project, but access to credit by cooperatives and COGES was limited. The land component was implemented through an agreement with the PSRC (Rural Code) and logistics support to 3 departmental land commissions. The latter have provided land titles for most of the project achievements. The research and development agreement with INRAN was terminated for lack of tangible outputs. The agreement with ONAHA (National Agency for Irrigation Schemes) has not yielded the expected results, although ONAHA is still operating as an EPIC, having taken over from CONCI-Niger whose earthworks contract was terminated. Communes began only using LDF resources rather timidly in 2007, whereas the contract with EBRD had been signed in December 2005. In April 2007, EBRD’s mandate was refocused its mission of technical support to the designated clients, thereby enabling communes to improve their performance of this component. The Bank fielded11 supervision missions that helped to effectively make up for the delays accumulated in AHAs, which mobilize 20% of the funding.

Role of the other partners: The PADL was financed by ADF loan and the Government (86.47% and 10.35% respectively). The remainder was made up by a contribution by beneficiaries. The ADF and Government disbursement rates stand respectively at 98.7% and 62.1% of their estimated contribution. WFP contributed food rations for labour intensive works for the equivalent of CFAF 233 million.

Harmonization : The implementation of many projects parallel to PAR bears out the interest of many donors in the region: PIP II, CAP, PADL-Diffa, PADL-N, Papak and PAGRN Maïné. Partnership agreements between the project and various parties were initiated by the TA (agreement with PACURD, protocol between the ZFD project and Mutuelle N'Gada)

PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION DIMENSIONS

ASSESSMENT Working score

TIMELINESS

a) Extent of project adherence to the original closing date. If the number on the right is: below 12, "4" is scored between 12.1 to 24, "3" is scored between 24.1 to 36, "2" is scored beyond 36.1, "1" is scored

Difference in months between original closing date and actual closing date or date of 98% disbursement rate.

Closing delay broadly corresponds to effectiveness delay.

4

6 months

16

BANK PERFORMANCE

b) Bank complied with:

Environmental Safeguards

As specified in the PAR, the project signed an agreement with BEEEI in February 2005. Supervision missions have not paid due attention to the environmental dimension and the outcome of this agreement.

2

Fiduciary Requirements The ADB has met its commitments by providing the planned financial resources to the project, based on regular audits of accounts.

4

Project Covenants

The Bank has complied with its commitments as set out in the Loan Agreement.

4

c) Bank provided quality supervision in the form of skills mix and practicality of solutions.

The Bank has regularly conducted supervision missions with relevant recommendations and which have contributed to the successful implementation of the Project. Overall, ADB fielded thirteen (13) supervision missions.

4

d) Bank provided quality management oversight.

The Bank has contributed significantly in remedying delays in the AHAs and the poor performance of certain contracts, agreements and protocols.

3

BORROWER PERFORMANCE

e) Borrower complied with:

Environmental Safeguards

The financing rate (100%) of the contractor, BEEEI, exceeds its physical achievements, given that concrete physical actions of the ESMP were not executed properly.

2

Fiduciary Requirements

The Borrower failed to comply in proportion to its financial commitments. As at 10 June 2012, 62.1% of the contribution was used. The communes mobilized less than 3% of the 10% contribution to the LDF. As at 3 June 2012, six contract statements were not prepared and the Audit for 2011 is not yet approved.

2

Project Covenants

Memoranda of Understanding between the project and some government agencies (INRAN, ONAHA, and BEEEI) have not been properly implemented, due to the remoteness of the region. Local councillors were not fully involved in the project.

3

f) Borrower was responsive to Bank supervision findings and recommendations

The 13 supervision missions made recommendations regarding works contracts which had been executed considerably behind schedule, however the others were implemented in a timely manner.

3

g) Borrower collected and used monitoring information for decision making.

No further information on the poor state of existing pastoral infrastructure and soil salinization of the N'Gagam AHA.

3

G. COMPLETION (150 words)

17

1. Is the PCR delivered on a timely basis, in compliance with Bank policy ?

Date project reached 98% disbursement Rate (or closing date if

applicable)

Date PCR was sent to pcr@afdb.org

Difference in months

WORKING SCORE If the difference is 6 months or less, a 4 is scored. If the difference is 6.1 or more, a 1

is scored

March 2012 August 2012 5 months 4

The completion mission comprised 1 rural engineering consultant and 1 irrigation engineer. Their qualifications are consistent with the two main achievements of the project, namely water mobilization infrastructure and development of irrigated perimeters. The PMU prepared a completion report not consistent with the format and content required by the Bank. It lacks significant details on implementation rates, quality of services and investment risks. No recommendations are made to curb these risks. However, the PMU fully assisted members of the mission with office work and field trips. The sample selected for visits at the target commune and discussions with the OPA, beneficiaries and partners on the ground have allowed a better mastery of the realities and results. Discussions brought to light the populations’ marked interest in all types of irrigation schemes, which the best guarantee of sustained and profitable agricultural production. Indeed, despite considerable delays in the implementation of these AHAs, the ERR of the project was reduced by 5% or 9% instead of 14% estimated at appraisal.

Names and positions of Peer Reviewers:

Mr. Xavier BOULENGER, Chief Engineer, Irrigation-OSAN .2; Mr. ATTIOGBEVI-Somado Eklou, Principal Agronomist-OSAN.2; Mr. Khlaled Lajili, Senior Agroeconomist-OSAN.3.

H. LESSONS LEARNED (300 words) Key Lessons: At completion, the implementation of PADL-Diffa revealed a number of specific lessons in terms of design, implementation and monitoring, as follows:

1. Avoid allotment of irrigation works under several separate procurement contracts while incorporating specific clauses that affect poorly performing firms;

2. Right from the project design stage, provide for the participation of typical State institutions such EPIC (force contract, office) in the procurement of works in regions that have a limited number of private companies;

3. Avoid duplication / multiple providers of various services (diagnosis, inventory, preliminary design, final design project implementation, BD, works inspection) in a single activity;

4. Give due importance to hydrological studies on sites with no permanent water sources; 5. Avoid the dispersion of pastoral development by integrating all activities related to this component (water points, rangeland

improvement, vaccination pen, corridors) into a technological package; 6. Greater involvement of local elected officials as clients for projects related to pastoral development and environmental

protection (dune stabilization); 7. Tie the project's support to micro-finance institutions to their effective involvement in providing assistance to beneficiaries

for lending arrangements; Recommendations: The Government:

1. Facilitate the financing of recent activities related to the development of irrigated perimeters by providing counterpart funds for the project, and support the activities of first agricultural season of f development of new AHAs by covering electricity consumption of water pumping stations, in accordance with project commitments;

2. Take appropriate measures to expedite the connection of various pumping units to the AHA irrigation systems. 3. Build a dyke on the Djanguéri AHA perimeter to protect against flood water from the Komadougou; 4. Implement the recommendations of the experts recruited by the project to solve salinity issues at the N'Gagam AHA; 5. Provide guidance to basin COGESs in respect of MFIs supported by the project ( N'Gada and N'Gor) to finance (on credit)

the procurement of power pumps, PVC pipes, fencing and storage warehouses for fruits and vegetables produced in these basins;

6. Provide for the construction of feeder roads in Diffa region development projects, in order to open up the sites of the oasis basins;

7. Disseminate crop rotation systems and phytosanitary treatments in polders; 8. Build water control structures in ponds that supply water to AHAs as needed; 9. Equip the Sayam laboratory and the electrified AHAs with generators to address the problem of unforeseeable power

outages; To the Bank: 1. Withdraw the guarantee for the feeder road and polders contract awarded to Entreprise Barka, which has expired, upon presentation of a bank guarantee.

18

I. PROJECT RATINGS SUMMARY

CRITERIA SUB-CRITERIA WORKING

SCORE

PROJECT OUTCOME

Achievement of outputs 2.7

Achievement of outcomes 2.8

Timeliness 4

OVERALL PROJECT OUTCOME SCORE 3.17

BANK PERFORMANCE

Design and Readiness

Project Objectives were relevant to country development priorities 4

Project Objectives could in principle be achieved with the project inputs and in the expected time frame

4

Project Objectives were consistent with the Bank’s country or regional strategy 4

Project Objectives were consistent with the Bank’s corporate priorities 4

The logical framework presents a logical causal chain for achieving the project development objectives. 2

The logical framework expresses objectives and outcomes in a way that is measurable and quantifiable 2

The logical framework states the risks and key assumptions 1

Project complexity was matched with country capacity and political commitment 2

Project design includes adequate risk analysis 2

Project procurement, financial management, monitoring and/or other systems were based on those already in use by Government and/or other partners 4

Responsibilities for project implementation were clearly defined 3

Necessary implementation documents (e.g. specifications, design, procurement documents) were ready at appraisal 2

Monitoring indicators and monitoring plan were agreed upon during design 3

Baseline data was available or were collected during design 2

PROJECT DESIGN AND READINESS SUB-SCORE 2.79

Environmental Safeguards 2

Fiduciary Requirements 4

Project Covenants 4

Bank provided quality supervision in the form of skills mix provided and practicality of solutions

4

Bank provided quality management oversight 3

PCR was delivered on a timely basis 4

SUPERVISION SUB-SCORE 3.5

OVERALL BANK PERFORMANCE SCORE 3.15

BORROWER PERFORMANCE

Responsibilities for project implementation are clearly defined 2

Necessary implementation documents (e.g. specifications, design, procurement documents) are ready at appraisal

2

Monitoring indicators and monitoring plan are agreed upon 2

Baseline data are available or are being collected 2

PROJECT DESIGN AND READINESS SCORE 2

Implementation

Borrower complied with:

Environmental Safeguards 2

Fiduciary Requirements 2

Project Covenants 3

Borrower was responsive to Bank supervision findings and recommendations 3

Borrower collected and used of monitoring information for decision-making 3

IMPLEMENTATION SUB-SCORE 2,6

OVERALL BORROWER PERFORMANCE SCORE 2,3

19

J. PROCESSING

STAGE SIGNATURE AND COMMENTS DATE

Sector Manager Clearance

Regional Director Clearance

Sector Director Approval

I

REPUBLIC OF NIGER

DIFFA REGION LOCAL DEVELOPMENT SUPPORT PROJECT (PADL-DIFFA)

APPRAISAL REPORT

LIST OF ANNEXES

ANNEX 1: Project Disbursement

ANNEX 2: Bank Contribution

ANNEX 3: Economic Analysis

ANNEX 4: List of Supporting Documents

ANNEX 5: List of Procurements since Project start up

ANNEX 6: Project Narrative

II

ANNEX 1 : DISBURSEMENTS BY CATEGORY (in UA

Year WORKS GOODS SERVICE OPERATING PERSONNEL LDF Total disbursed

2004 211 201.22 60 172.77 54 833.25 70 536.74 50 815.57 0.00 447 569.55

2005 212 734.67 140 592.89 413 068.89 64 845.24 57 634.57 370 252.88 1 259 129.14

2006 397 685.30 66 066.73 810 184.21 37 550.28 7 560.80 0.00 1 319 047.32

2007 1 506 991.75 200 592.52 1 134 626.32 249 587.49 70 970.41 0.00 3 162 768.49

2008 1 804 414.52 131 998.78 747 079.43 273 294.40 93 340.94 845 965.51 3 896 093.58

2009 842 357.81 0.00 236 728.96 0.00 0.00 521 911.65 1 600 998.42

2010 1 370 131.20 3 314.36 444 839.96 169 422.87 92 090.01 0.00 2 079 798.41

2011 705 254.52 0.00 80 539.65 0.00 0.00 0.00 785 794.17

2012 224 890.36 0.00 29 344.84 0.00 0.00 0.00 253 940.75

TOTAL 7 275 661.35 602 738.04 3 951 245.51 865 237.03 372 412.30 1 738 130.04 14 805 139.83

GOVERNMENT OF NIGER: DISBURSEMENTS BY CATEGORY in CFAF

Year WORKS GOODS SERVICE OPERATING PERSONNEL LDF Total disbursed

2004

4 476 000

4 476 000

2005

8 952 000

8 952 000

2006

16 273 137

54 344 761 8 952 000

79 569 898

2007 6 604 024 2 040 000

55 208 802 8 952 000

72 804 826

2008

7 931 350

36 679 532 17 738 953

62 349 835

2009

2 827 440

24 760 842 17 460 159

45 048 441

2010

1 518 440

28 429 691 18 509 577

48 457 708

2011

6 067 698

31 006 189 9 597 305

46 671 192

2012

6 643 616 3 946 728

10 590 344

TOTAL 6 604 024 36 658 065 0 237 073 433 98 584 722 0 378 920 244

III

ANNEX 2: BANK CONTRIBUTION (Supervision Missions)

Start date and end date ADB Staff Name and capacity of participants

Number M/d

From 18/10 to 5/11/04 1 Xavier Boulenger, Rural Engineer 6 M/d

1/10/05 to 4/10/05 1 Xavier Boulenger 5 M/d

From 19/9 to 3/10/06 3 Xavier Boulenger, Rural Engineer/; Mrs. N. Touré, (credit) and H. Dosso, Engineer-Agronomist.

42 M/d

30/04 to 5/05/07 1 Xavier Boulenger, Rural Engineer 6 M/d

From 25/11 to 5/12/07 Xavier Boulenger, Rural Engineer

From 2/3/ to 18/3/2008 2 Xavier Boulenger, Rural Engineer / Mission Leader; Amadou Mahama, Agronomist Consultant

34 M/d

01/03/09 to 14/03/09 2 Messrs. Mouldi TARHOUNI, Rural Engineer, and KOUGBLENOU Akoétévi, Agro-economist Consultant

28 M/d

From 6/10 to 17/10/09 1 Mouldi Tarhouni, Rural Engineer 12 M/d

From 1/2/2010 to 13/2/2010 3 Keita Dougou /Division Manager, OSAN2; Mouldi Tarhouni, Rural Engineer and NNA Alain, Financial Management Specialist

42 M/d

10/12/10 to 23/12/10 1 M. Macky Amadou DIOUM, Agro-economist, 14 M/d

From 21/4 /11 to 7/5/2011

3 Mamadou ABDOUL KANE Chief Water Resource Engineer / Mission Leader; Macky Amadou Dioum, Agro-economist; and Fridolin Ondobo, Financial Management Specialist

48 M/d

From 17/10 to 29/10/11 1 Mouldi Tarhouni, Rural Engineer 12 M/d

1/4/2012 to 10/4/2012 2 Mouldi Tarhouni, Rural Engineer / Mission Leader; Fridolin Ondobo, Financial Management Specialist

22 M/d

ANNEX 3: ECONOMIC ANALYSIS To compare the ERR established during project appraisal and that achieved at completion, the same unit costs as those of the appraisal report were used.

Value of Additional Production in Irrigation Schemes on the Koumadougou River (404 ha) in

CFAF Thousand

Year 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Rice 0 0 0 0 0 0 145 372 457 457

Peppers 0 0 0 0 0 0 147 311 371 371

Total 0 0 0 0 0 0 292 683 828 828

Value of Additional Production in Bottomlands in CFAF Thousand

Year 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Millet 0 0 0 464 1160 2320 3480 4640 5800 5800

Cowpea 0 0 0 152 404 809 1214 1619 2024 2024

Sorghum 0 0 0 65 260 520 780 1040 1300 1300

Total 0 0 0 681 1824 3649 5474 7299 9124 9124

IV

Value of Additional Production in Oasis Basins in CFAF Thousand

Year 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Cereals 0 0 0 0 18800 39315 66636 88848 111060 111060

Onion 0 0 0 0 9600 20160 39000 51000 63000 63000

Cassava 0 0 0 0 2956 6451 12096 16128 20160 20160

Sweet Potato 0 0 0 0 1920 4224 7728 10416 13104 13104

Dates 0 0 0 0 2780 6620 15320 21260 26160 26160

Cabbage 0 0 0 0 10656 21904 36656 50320 62160 62160

Total 0 0 0 0 46712 98674 177336 237972 295644 295644

Value of Additional Production in 100ha of Lake Chad Polder in CFAF Thousand

Year 1(2006) 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Maize 0 0 0 0 0 3191 8880 9990 9990 990

Sorghum 0 0 0 0 0 1485 4140 4680 4680 4680

Cowpea 0 0 0 0 0 1012 2150 2530 2530 2530

Wheat 0 0 0 0 0 81000 148500 189000 189000 189000

Total 0 0 0 0 0 86688 163670 206200 206200 206200

Cash Flow in CFAF Thousand Year 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Additional production

0 0 0 681 95536 386011 953480 1449471 1653968 1653968

Input cost 0 0 0 0 8142 23549 53915 57351 60786 77822

Margin 0 0 0 681 87394 362462 899565 1392120 1593182 1576148

Fattening Margin

0 0 14000 18700 28000 37400 46672 46672 46672 46672

Additional Revenue

0 0 14000 19381 115394 399802 946237 1438792 1639854 1622818

Production Cost 140000 140000 140000 140000 140000 140000 140000 140000 140000 140000

Economic Balance Sheet

-140000 -140000 -126000 -120619 -24606 259802 806237 1298792 1499854 1482818

Investment 353410 992568 1025446 2323921 2756177 1166170 1559768 585448 195476

Cash flow -493410 -1132568 -1151446 -2444540 -2780783 -906368 -753531 713344 1304378 1482818

ERR is 9%. The reduction of the ERR to 9% compared to 14% calculated at the time of project appraisal could be explained by: - The reduced surface area of AHAs, basins and polders developed; and - The significant delay in development works on these irrigated perimeters.

ANNEX 4: LIST OF SUPPORTING DOCUMENTS

BUNICER/ PADL-D : (February 2012)

Final Appraisal and Identification of PADL-Diffa Phase II.

PADL-D : Annual Progress Reports for 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, and 2011.

ADB/PADL-D : Aide-mémoires of 10 supervision missions.

BDPA/PADL-D : Final Report of the Decentralization Technical Assistance.

EBRD/PADL-D : Final Report of the Community Development Technical Assistance.

ADB : PADL-D Project Appraisal Report (report and annexes).

V

ANNEX 5: LIST OF PROCUREMENTS SINCE PROJECT START-UP

Procurements Type*

Date

Successful Bidder Amount

(in CFAF)

BD/CD Approval

Contract approval and award.

Contract approval

Beginning of performance

WORKS

Construction of a fence wall and housing units for guards NCB 06/07/04 29/09/04 29/09/04 22/12/04 Entreprise AMOURJ 13 368 013

Construction offices at Project headquarters NCB 06/07/04 29/09/04 29/09/04 22/12/04 Entreprise AMOURJ 61 014 859

Rehabilitation of an office building for COFODEP of Diffa NCB 01/02/05 03/05/05 11/05/05 23/06/05 Entreprise MODORI 5 924 999

Construction of an office building for COFODEP of N’guigmi NCB 01/02/05 03/05/05 11/05/05 23/06/05 E.ZOUWEYA 9 829 483

Rehabilitation of an office building for COFODEP of Mainé NCB 01/02/05 03/05/05 11/05/05 23/06/05 Entreprise MODORI 5 560 259

Rehabilitation of a veterinary laboratory at SAYAM NCB 01/02/05 03/05/05 03/05/05 23/06/05 GASSO MOUSTAPHA 11 625 875

Construction of 2 warehouses with solid materials at Boulayi and N’Guagam NCB 14/06/05 20/09/05 20/09/05 27/12/05 Entreprise EPRITA 17 436 889

Construction of 2 warehouses with solid materials at Lada and Zarwaram NCB 14/06/05 20/09/05 20/09/05 27/12/05 GASSO MOUSTAPHA 20 735 009

Construction of 2 warehouses with solid materials at Tam NCB 14/06/05 20/09/05 20/09/05 27/12/05 Entreprise ZOUWEYA 10 828 303

Construction of 3 vaccination pens NCB 17/06/05 20/09/05 20/09/05 09/02/06 Entreprise MODORI 8 883 756

Construction of a pond control structure at Tam -Kanam Ligaridi- NCB 07/05 19/10/05 19/10/05 02/12/05 Entreprise MODORI 43 509 725

Construction of a pond control structure at Alladalaram NCB 07/05 19/10/05 02/12/05 03/02/06 E. MOUSSA ABARI 52 512 407

Construction of a pond control structure at Djaboulam NCB 07/05 19/10/05 02/12/05 04/02/07 Entreprise BARKA 74 638 185

Construction of a pond control structure at Kagaré NCB 07/05 19/10/05 02/12/05 03/02/07 Entreprise BARKA 54 861 815

Construction of 6 cemented pastoral wells NCB 24/10/05 27/02/06 27/02/06 15/06/06 E. Mahamadou Ibrahim 56 150 000

Rehabilitation of 3 artesian boreholes NCB 24/10/05 27/02/06 27/02/06 15/06/06 GASSO MOUSTAPHA 39 943 270

Rehabilitation of Chétimari Grematori NCB 24/10/05 27/02/06 27/02/06 15/06/06 Entreprise BARKA 144 520 765

Rehabilitation of Lada NCB 24/10/05 27/02/06 27/02/06 15/06/06 Entreprise BARKA 116 325 245

Rehabilitation of AFN-Diffa NCB 24/10/05 27/02/06 27/02/06 15/06/06 DAR ESSSALAM 79 539 986

Implementation of AHA of Kagaré, Grémadi, Wondori (lot1, lot 3, lot 5) NCB 28/03/07 18/09/07 27/11/07 April 2008 CONCI NIGER 412 377 695

Implementation of AHA Djaballam (Bandi), Djanguéri NCB 28/03/07 18/09/07 27/11/07 April 2008 Entreprise BARKA 355 905 881

Execution works on 22 boreholes at Kagaré NCB 28/03/07 18/09/07 27/11/07 April 2008 IGN NIGER 408 470 000

VI

Procurements Type*

Date

Successful Bidder Amount

(in CFAF)

BD/CD Approval

Contract approval and award.

Contract approval

Beginning of performance

Execution equipment and electrical installation works on AHAs at Gremadi, Kagaré, Djaballam (Bandi), Djangueri and Wondori

NCB 28/03/07 18/09/07 27/11/07 April 2008 GENIE POWER 394 658 384

Rehabilitation of 7 artesian boreholes NCB 13/03/07 18/06/07 27/11/07 22/09/07 GASSO et M. KIARI 65 334 099

Construction of 14 pastoral wells NCB 13/03/07 18/06/07 24/07/07 22/09/07 GASSO et M. KIARI 165 497 305

Construction of 6 warehouses with solid materials NCB 13/03/07 18/06/07 24/07/07 22/09/07 Entreprise ZOUWEYA 66 290 144

Construction of 4 vaccination pens NCB 13/03/07 18/09/07 27/11/07 Entreprise ALI ABBA 15 518 696

Development of the Lake Chad polders and feeder road NCB 10/12/08 22/04/09 June 2009 Entreprise BARKA 305 895 526

GOODS

3 4x4 vehicles CEFN 30/08/04 08/12/04 26/11/04 15/12/04 CFAO- Niger 58 440 612

5 motor-cross bikes CEFN 30/08/04 08/12/04 26/11/04 04/01/05 MEREDA S. A 9 925 000

IT and office equipment CEFN 30/08/04 08/12/04 26/11/04 4/01/05 Ets DIMAS 27 781 005

Procurement of office equipment and furniture for 3 COFOS CEFN 09/06/05 20/09/05 19/10/05 01/11/05 BURAMA SARL 13 929 732

Procurement of 13 DT125 motor-cross bikes for STA, INRANI, and ONAHA extension workers CEFN 09/06/05 20/09/05 19/10/05 01/11/05 Entreprise Kana 26 5200 000

Procurement of 9 CG125 motorcycles for extension workers CEFN 09/06/05 20/09/05 19/10/05 10/11/05 Ets MOUSSA ADO 3 960 000

Installation of a Broadband router transmitter antenna for internet connection CEFN 03/05/05 01/09/05 02/09/05 10/01/05 Ets K.- ELECTRONIC 7 920 000

Procurement of office equipment and furniture for the PMU CEFN 14/06/05 20/09/05 19/10/05 01/11/05 BURAMA SARL 9 473 788

Procurement of office equipment and furniture for CSMB Sayam CEFN 19/10/05 19/01/06 19/01/06 February 2006 SACODEV SARL 38 713 787

Procurement of office equipment and furniture for 7 communes CEFN 24/01/06 09/05/06 09/05/06 June 2006 BUROPA SARL 36 477 177

Procurement of a 4x4 hardtop vehicle for the PMU CEFN 12/12/05 27/02/06 27/02/06 April 2006 CFAO- Niger 13 929 732

Procurement of 2 DC 4x4 single cab vehicles for the PMU CEFN 21/04/2008 25/04/2008 27/07/08 September 08 CFAO- Niger 32 500 000

SERVICES

Manual of procedures for use by the LDF in respect of Labour-intensive works S L 24/12/03 18/06/04 12/07/04 27/08/04 Cabinet CGIG Afrique 35 670 000

Accounting system S L 06/07/04 22/11/04 22/12/04 07/02/05 SAFECO 22 775 000

Audit of accounts for FY s 2004 & 2005 S L 07/09/04 26/01/05 22/02/05 May 2005 Cabinet Guilbert & Associâtes 22 330 950

Preparation of comprehensive training programme S L 07/09/04 10/01/05 01/02/05 02/03/05 Bureau (BIM) 18 980 000

Technical Assistance S L 07/09/04 22/02/05 16/03/05 April 2005 BDPA 403 761 901

BEEEI Agreement Neg. Cont 03/01/05 - 18/02/05 March 2005 BEEEI 58 693 000

INRAN Agreement Neg. Cont 03/01/05 18/02/05 March 2005 INRAN 118 900 000

VII

Procurements Type*

Date

Successful Bidder Amount

(in CFAF)

BD/CD Approval

Contract approval and award.

Contract approval

Beginning of performance

COFO AND RURAL CODE Agreement Neg. Cont 04/02/05 29/03/05 April 2005 COFODEP et SPCR 135 000 000

ONAHA Agreement Neg. Cont

04/02/05 - 29/03/05 April 2005 ONAHA 59 980 000

CMB Agreement for SAYAM Neg. Cont 04/02/05 - 05/04/05 May 2005 CMB ET SAYAM 72 000 000

Recruitment of an operator responsible for supporting the organization and structuring of grassroots communities and the preparation of PALs

S L 10/06/05 19/10/05 12/12/05 March 2006 BERD SARL 368 770 000

Establishment of a monitoring-evaluation system S L 22/07/05 6/12/05 6/12/05 January 2006 CETIC CONSULT 13 836 000

Market survey for agro-pastoral products S L 22/07/05 6/12/05 6/12/05 January 2006 CABINET AUDEC 11 650 000

Audit and consultancy in gender issues S L 22/07/05 6/12/05 6/12/05 January 2006 DEMOCRATIE 2000 19 152 400

Development of the Lake Chad polders S L 22/07/05 17/01/06 02/03/06 May 2006 CIMA INTER 168 600 000

Diagnostic study on the development of basins and bottomlands S L 31/11/05 28/02/06 09/05/06 June 2006 BNIC-SCP/SAED 343 942 536

Recruitment of an operator for APD study, BD for works on the mechanical protection of river banks and Supervision of the populations for works on biological protection of river banks S L

06/04/06 30/06/06 03/11/06 March 2007 BCEOM-CEH SIDI 81 550 000

Recruitment of delegated contractor for APD Study, BD for construction works on 6 pond control structures in the project area

S L 13/03/06 03/07/06 03/11/06 February 2007 Groupe GKW CONSULT 37 142 500

Recruitment of consulting firm to audit the accounts for 2006 and 2007

S L 06/12/06 18/04/07 29/05/07 11/06/07 FIDEXPERT 17 611 600

Recruitment of an operator responsible for monitoring and supervising the execution works on agro-pastoral production infrastructure

S L 19/01/06 08/05/06 14/07/06 July 2006 Grpt ART & GENIE / CINCAT 78 474 721

Recruitment of consulting firm for the project’s mid-term review S L 22/05/07 16/10/07 Sept. 07 SOFRECO 36 185 000

Recruitment of an operator responsible for supervising execution works on 5 AHAs S L 24/04/07 14/09/07 10/09/07 March 2008 ANIE Niger 65 650 000

for control and supervision of development works of the Lake Chad polders and feeder road S L 20/06/08 10/12/08 29/12/08 April 2009 ANIE Niger 29 500 000

Audit of accounts fiscal years 2008, 2009 and 2010 S L 10/11/08 23/03/09 23/03/09 May 2008 Guilbert/ Associâtes 31 875 000

Audit of accounts fiscal year 2011 S L 18/05/11 14/11/11 14/12/11 April 2012 C. Mariame Bah 7 900 000

Final appraisal and Identification of Phase II of the project S L 29/06/11 05/10/11 05/10/11 December 12 Bunicer-Niger 34 797 680

VIII

ANNEX 6: PROJECT NARRATIVE 1. INTRODUCTION This project, aimed at protecting and enhancing production bases in the Diffa Region, also takes into account the decentralization process in Niger with the emergence of Communes. It was approved by the Bank on 18/10/2003 and entered into force on 16/02/2004. The deadline for the last disbursement, initially scheduled for 31/12/2011, was extended to 30/06/2012. As at 3 June 2012, the disbursement rate of the project stood at 98.7% and the commitment rate is 100%. Nine supervision missions were fielded during the implementation of the project. The main components of the project are: (A) Agro-pastoral Development Works, (B) Participatory Planning and Capacity Building, and (C) Project Management. 2. Major changes made during project implementation

2.1 The main changes recorded during project implementation are: i) reduction in the area of AHAs to be rehabilitated or created (from 575 ha to 330 ha), ii) reduction in the size of polders to be developed (from 200 ha to 100 ha) and feeder road (from 20 km to 15 km), iii) reduction in area of basins to be developed (from 300 ha to 200 ha), iv) the construction of 30 cereal banks not initially provided for by the project, v) reduction of the lengths of banks marked for mechanical stabilization (from 2000 m to 650 m) and biological stabilization (from 20 km to 5 km); and vi) the development of 7 communal development plans in lieu of 90 local development plans. PHYSICAL PROGRESS BY COMPONENT: 3. Component A: Agro-pastoral Development Works 3.1 Rehabilitation and extension of AHAs

3.1.1 The 4 rehabilitated AHAs are in operation, three of them (Lada, Chétimari and Diffa AFN) since 2008 and the fourth (CDA / Diffa) was rehabilitated with LDF resources since 2011. Rehabilitation works, which lasted from June 2006 to February 2008, covered two crop seasons. The rehabilitated AHAs are all located in the Diffa commune, on a surface area of 185 ha including 50 ha from CLD / Diffa financed with LDF resources. The study to update APD / BD did not include the repair of main and secondary surfaced canals, some of whose sections have significant water leakage, thereby limiting the efficiency of water use. This is especially the case of the main canal of the Lada AHAs whose concrete elements (joints and ceiling) and slope anchor are very defective. For Chétimari, the project has helped beneficiaries to seal cracks in the main canal and resume surfacing on 30m, but a secondary canal servicing 8 ha requires complete renovation. 3.2 Development of New AHAs

3.2.1 The creation of 7 new AHAs, located in the Mainé Soroa, Chétimari, Gueskérou and Bosso communes, started in June 2005 for 2 AHAs and March 2007 for the other 5. The first 2 (Ngagam and Boulayi) were each the object of a single procurement contract for their three components (Civil engineering/earth works, equipped boreholes and pumping station / electrification). They were accepted in 2008 for an implementation cost of CFAF 7,940,087/ha. By contrast, the 3 components of the contract for the last 5 AHAs (Grémadi, Boudoum, Wandori, Djaballam, and Djanguéri) were assigned to 3 operators for an overall cost of CFAF 12,087,784/ha which is well above that of the first 2 AHAs. In addition, civil engineering / earthworks contracts for Grémadi, and Boudoum Wandori with the enterprise CONCI were awarded d in favour of ONAHA which took over in September 2011. Work is under completion. For the Wandori and Gremadi AHAs, the irrigation network lacks a pumping station. However, the mission noted with satisfaction the efforts made by stakeholders during these months to complete development works on five AHAs and especially supply power by the line from NIGELEC. Similarly, the problem of water availability in quantity and duration was raised by farmers in most of the new AHAs visited (Boudoum, Wandori, N'Gagam). Hence the decision to equip the new AHAs only with electrical energy is being questioned due to untimely power outages from NIGELEC. The provision of generators to these AHAs is necessary under the current circumstances. 3.3 Development of Oasis Basins

3.3.1 The diagnosis, conduct and supervision of development works on oasis basins were covered under a procurement contract that lasted from May 2006 to February 2009 with the BNIC-SCP/SAED consortium. A total of 245 ha of basins were developed with the construction of 236 concrete wells, 416 agricultural mini-boreholes and equipment with 600 NDK pumps. Small-scale irrigation practiced on these basins is very efficient so that several operators have replaced the NDK pumps with low-power pumps (1-5 hp). The year 2012 saw a surplus production of onions and cabbage, thereby highlighting the need for warehouses and the improvement of feeder roads from certain basins to final markets (Waladi Kidji basin).

IX

3.4 Polder and Feeder Road Development

3.4.1 The choice fell on the development of the single unit, 100 ha polder in Boultoungour and its 14.5 km-long feeder road, instead of 2 polders of 200 ha with 20 km of feeder roads. Its operation started late in 2011 whereas the implementation studies started in April 2006 for a 5-month period. Cowpea monoculture is practiced on the entire 100 ha, thereby allowing for severe insect attacks on cowpeas. It has been observed that chemical control is not conducted in accordance with the standards. The pumping of water currently practiced on the shallow water table of the polder may lower its static level, thereby limiting flood recession cropping which is conditioned by the capillary rise of underground water. The 14.5 km of rehabilitated road have facilitated the procurement of inputs, and the intensification of polder development should reduce clearing for crop cultivation on sandy soil found along the road.

3.5 Erosion Control

3.7.1 Based on an initial estimate of 2000m of mechanical protection and 20 km of biological protection of the Komadougou riverbanks, the project protected 604 m and 5 km respectively, owing to the excessively high costs of this type of works. Final Design studies and BD for 604 m of mechanical protection on 3 sites by BCEOM-CEH Sidi BP were completed in November 2008. The works at Bosso, started in March 2009 by BARKA, have been completed. However, the Gaidam Tchoukou and Lada works contract with the enterprise Zouweya was cancelled in May 2009. The works were started up by GASSO in April 2011 and are awaiting acceptance. Due to the excessive spreading of works over a 2-year period, it was agreed that the control office BCEOM / CEH SIDI should only gradually mobilize the mission leader and technicians responsible for close monitoring in conjunction with the works schedule. 3.7.2 With regard to wind erosion, outputs exceeded the initial estimates of 1650 ha by stabilizing 1821 ha of dunes in 43 sites (average of 32 ha / site). This activity had a significant social / organizational impact, given that it helped provide more than 282,149 JT to the villagers, introduced the villagers to forest nurseries and established COGESs. However, occasional interventions in small areas for protection against the silting up of infrastructure (villages, basins, bottomlands) are often ineffective and costly, considering the aspect of economies of scale for maintenance. 4. Component B: Participatory Planning and Capacity Building 4.1 Support and Establishment of 3 COFODEPs

4.1.1 An agreement was signed with the Permanent Secretariat for the Rural Code (PSRC) in March 2005 for an amount of CFAF 135 million. In this regard, the construction / rehabilitation of 3 COFODEP premises and equipment with working materials (12 GPS) CFAF cost 35,244,473. To this end, the COFODEP worked with the project for the realization of corridors and for the issuance of land deeds (land titles and rural concessions) for 150 works and infrastructure created collectively by the project, particularly those funded by the LDF. The intervention of COFODEP regarding the settlement of land issues at the new AHAs visited did not have the desired effect. Compromise solutions to circumvent this problem in some new AHAs entail risks. 4.2 Warehouses and Grain Bank

4.2.1 Of the estimated 20 warehouses for agricultural products, 16 are built by the project. The remaining 4 warehouses for the storage of produce and inputs built with solid materials have been supplemented by the construction of 30 semi-solid grain banks, which are all managed by women. Working capital in kind (10 tons of food by BC) was provided by the project since 2006 (food crisis unit). Warehouses were not too useful for the warrantage of agricultural products. The number of bags of peppers warranted in the PADL-D area decreased from 2006 bags in 2007 to 750 in 2008 and 330 in 2010. This significant reduction in 2010 was due to poor production ensuing from disease affecting the pepper crop. 4.3 Implementation of the Local Development Fund

4.4.1 The amount of service provided by the BERD consultancy as Community support stands at CFAF 368,770,000 broken down into two phases: phase I deals with support for the structuring of grassroots communities and development of 90 PDL , and phase II, which entailed an amendment, concerns support for project management by communes for sub- projects from CDP. BERD has thus assisted four communes (Diffa, Gueskérou, Maine Soroa and Beyli) to develop their CDP. 4.4.2 The manual of procedures provided the basis for the preparation of sub-projects. Overall, more than 154 sub-projects were approved and executed. An amount of UA 1,738,130 (CFAF 1,261,260,000) was disbursed from the LDF for 9 communes (2 at Bosso and Tumour from 2008). The contribution of communes and beneficiaries did not reach the 10% required in each sub-project. 4.4.3 The most significant achievements of the LDF include the construction of six municipal headquarters for about CFAF 146 million and equipping them with materials and office equipment. Other areas of intervention include agriculture (8 sub-

X

projects), livestock (17), and pastoral and rural water supply (46), Education (37), Environment (28), Health / sanitation (7), fishing (2), electrification (2) and social development (2). COGES have been established for most of the facilities built. Most of them are not as effective, for example the Diffa pepper market whose sanitary block required major maintenance. 4.6 Environment, Research and Development and Supervision of IPs

4.6.1 The project has established agreements with BEEI for environmental monitoring, INRAN for research and development, ONAHA for the supervision of irrigated perimeters and the Rural Code for the land tenure security of investments throughout the duration of the project. In addition, various disease awareness campaigns and training sessions on health issues included the distribution of 2,000 treated mosquito nets to women. 5. Component C: Project Management 5.1 Project Monitoring and Implementation:

5.1.1 The project is implemented under the supervisory authority of the DEP of the Ministry of Agricultural Development which has entrusted the management thereof to deconcentrate technical services of the State and entrusted numerous private operators (individual consultants, NGOs, consulting firms, companies, etc.) with the implementation of its activities. 5.1.2 The established monitoring-evaluation system has not been used properly, following the departure of the SE manager in January 2008 and of his replacement in December 2010. However the establishment of the accounting system (TOMPRO software) and the preparation of the manual of procedures are noted. 5.2 Financial Situation

5.2.1 The performance of PADL-Diffa justifies a significant level of disbursements approaching 100% at the end of the project. Disbursements were made consistently. As at 3 June 2012 the disbursement rate on ADF funds amounted to UA 14 805 139.8398, representing 70%. Since its inception in July 2004, the project was funded 11 (eleven) times from the special accounts, for a total amount of CFAF 5 744 349 568 (UA 7 777 751.90). Direct payments made on behalf of the project amounted to UA 6 932 942.07. 5.3 Contract statements pending: completion statements to be prepared by the project pertain to:

- Two procurement contracts on river Bank protection; - The procurement contract with IGN for the drilling of 22 boreholes in 5 new AHAs; - The procurement contract with GGP for the electrification of 5 new AHAs; - A procurement contract with BARKA, for civil engineering works in 2 new AHAs; - A procurement contract with ONAHA on civil engineering works in 3 new AHAs.

5.4 Audits

5.4.1 The audit of accounts for 2004 and 2005 were conducted by Gilbert et Associates. The audits of years 2006 and 2007 were undertaken by FIDEXPERT CONSEIL. The audits of financial statements for 2008, 2009 and 2010 were by Guilbert et Associates. All of them were approved by the Bank. The audit of accounts of the 2011 financial year was conducted by the firm Mariame BAH which submitted its report to the mission. Conclusion The project’s impact is real, and some aspects of its sustainability are noticeable. However, it is essential to further build on the experience and lessons of PADL- Diffa, in addition to consolidating certain outputs which are still fragile. As such, it is crucial that the State, through the technical services, should monitor and support activities related to the development of irrigated perimeters for the next cropping season. Special attention should be paid to the revitalization of infrastructure management committees in respect of facilities built by the project. The Bank must also capitalize on and benefit from the lessons of PADL- Diffa to continue and intensify its strategic support to Niger with respect to water resource mobilization.