Ni. ‘,OO Iflev 11 /41

1.

.‘I II’,-I I’t:S II’.I’.IINII’.N IIlII IN IIItI.INATIONAL PARK SERVICE

NATIONAL REGISTEROF HISTORIC PLACESINVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM

FOR UPS USE ONLY

RECEIVED

DATE_ENTERED

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SEE INSTRUCTIONS IN I-/OW To COMPLETE NA TIONAL REGISTER FORMSTYPE ALL ENTRIES-- COMPLETE APPLICABLE SECTIONS

NAMEHISTORIC Arnold Mills

AND/OR COMMON

Arnold Mills Historic District

LOCATIONSTREET& NUMOER Nate Whipple Highway , Sneech Pond Road, Whipple Road,

Ahhott Run Valley Road -

CITY. TOWN - -- -

NOTF0RPIjAjlON

COrqGRF SsIONA I. TI ST 01ST

Cumberiand - VICINITY OF I--

Ferna!Id J.St. Ger]nainSOURlY - CODE

Providence 007STATE :011Rhode Island 14

CLASSLFLCATION

CATEGORY

D IS F HIS F

_BUILD INSISI

- ST 0US F U A F

__SI FE

BJ I. C I

OWNERSHIP STATUS..PUIILIC 0CCUPIED

PRIvATE IJNOCCUOIED

CROTH WORKINPAOGRFSS

PUBLIC ACQUISITION ACCESSIBLE- IN PROCESS XYES RESTRICTED

_BEING CONSIDERED __YES: UNRESTRICTED

-

NO

PRESENT USE._fiGRICULTUIIE _j%IUSEUM

N.COMMERCIAL

_EDUCAIIONAL XJRIVAIF OESIOENCE

-. EnTER TAINMFNT X REI IGlOOS

_c;OVF RNMENT -- SCIENTIFIC

_INDUS1RIL _.TRANS000TATION

MILITARY X .OTHFIT firehouse

r".

OWNER OF PROPERTYNAME MultipleSTREET & NUMBER

CITY. [OWE . STATE

VICINITY OF

LOCATION OF LEGAL DESCRIPTIONCC RI H 00 SE.

FIFGISIA/ IF DEEDSEFI Cuinherl and Town HallSTREET & FIUMBER

45 Broad Street-CITY, TOWN -- STAtE

Cumberland - Rhode Island

REPRESENTATION IN EXISTING SURVEYSTITLE Rhode Island Historical Preservation Commission, Preliminary

Survey Report - Town of CumberlandDATE

March, 1977 ._FEDERAL .XSFATE .C0UNTY LOCAL

DEPOSI TOIl, 5CR

SUHVEYOECORDS Rhode Island Historical Preservation CommissionCITY. TOWN . STATE

- 150 Benefit Street Providence Rhode Island

--.-

LI DESCRIPTION

CONDITION CHECK ONE CHECK-ONE

XEXCELLENT _DETERIORATED _UNALTERED .XOTTIGINAL SITE

.X000D .RUINS .XALTERED - _MOVED DATE_______

_FAIR UNEXPOSED

DESCRIBE THE PRESENT AND ORIGINAL II KNOWN PHYSICAL APPEARANCE

The Arnold Mills Historic District is located in the eastern partof the Town of Cumberland near the Massachusetts boundary. It includes.

--the village of Arnold Mills and othet historically related areas nearby.The suhurbanization of the surrounding area has little-affected thedistrict itself, which retains stone walls, second-growth woods, fields,and other evidences ofa rural, agricultural past. It contains anumber of modest, frame, eighteenth and early nineteenth centurydwellings, along with a few nineteenth century public buildings. Thehistoric character and visual unity of Arnold Mills village, however,was sadly altered in 1963-64 with the construction of the Nate WhippieHighway. This wide, straight road obliterated a former carriage showroom and cut through the fields near the south side of the fields nearthe south side of the village. The district is divided into two sectionswhich are separated by a l000-to-2000-foot-wjde tract, formerly ofwoods and fields, but now partly built up with tract housing.

The primary section of the Arnold Mills Historic District comprisesthe village of Arnold Mills, a tract of forest and fields to the northand northeast which borders on the Arnold Mills Reservoir, and a stripof land to the east of the village containing several houses of localhistoric and architectural significance see district map . The largerpart of Arnold Mills village is located on the west side of AbbottRun along - Sneech Pond Road and Nate W]iipple Highway. Sneech Pond Roadis the o.ld name for the east-west highway which bisects the districtand village. Thiisroad was widened and straightened in l963-61 andrenamed the Nate Whipple Highway. It is now a two- lane road with wideaprons. The western end of the village is located along this new road.A 1000-foot section of the old, narrow road passing through the centerof the village was, however, bypassed by the new Whipple Highway seemap. It crosses the Abbott Run stream on a plank-floored, turn-of-the-century, Pratt pony truss bridge. Whipple Road and North AttlehoroRoad see map are both narrow, two-lane, paved highways.

Arnold Mills village consists of about a dozen structures along a1500-foot stretch o F Sneecli Pond Road and Nate tVh ipp le HI ghway. Theremains of the milling interests which brought the village into beingare located where Sneech Pond Road crosses Abbott PIT:T - Several hundredfeet north of the bridge is a low, cut- stone dam impounding a smallpond. At the damT s east end are the foundations and mill-race of theArnold grist mill map, No. 1. South of the road at the east end ofthe bridge is the Metcalf machine shop map, No. 2; photo 2 , themost important single extant structure in the district. Built in 1825and later enlarged to the east, it first served as a water-powered,textile-machinery factory. On the west bank of Abbott Run, facing thestream, is a story-and-a-half, gambrel-roofed house map, No. 3;

-

. See continuation sheet 1

-n, mNo1’Oi1,Hey 10-74 . - - -

- -: tN lILI SIA ILS Il-l’ARl7di NF OF II IN I Nil-k IOI* FOR NPS USE ONLY - -

NATIONAL PARK SERvIcE -

- RECEIVED

NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACESINVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM DATE ENTERED

CONTI NIJATION SHEET 1 ITEM NUMBER 7 PAGE - 2

photo 5 probably built by the Arnolds. Dating from the middle of theeighteenthcentury, it is probably the oldest structure in the district.On the north side of Sneech Pond Road, west of Abbott Run, are Sevenother one or two-story, flank-gable houses, with walls of clapboardor shingle map, Nos . 4-10; photo 6 . They date From the end of the : -

eighteenth century to the middle of the nineteenth and reflect mainlythe Federal and Greek Revival styles. Of these the Dr. Addison Knighthouse map, No. 5, photo -7 deserves particular mention. It is a Ui-story, flank-gable, Greek Revival structure, with a porch of four Doric --

colamns extending across the entire front. At the west end of the - -.

village is the -Arnold Mills United Methodist Church map, No. 13; photos4-5, built in 1825-27 and extensively remodelled in 1846. In visualterms this is, next to the Metcalf mill, the most prominent structurein the village. It is a plain, relatively large, two-story, clapboardstructure, with a small octagonal belfry, and stands well back fromthe Nate Whipple Highway behind a very broad lawn. A large classroomwing was added to the west side of the church in 1956-57, but withoutgreatly disturbing -the visual integrity of the church itself. Anextensive paved parking area adjoining the wing on the west is discreetlymasked with plantings on the street side.

___

The central part of Arnold Mills village along the bypassedpartof Sneech Pond Road possessesan intimacy of scale that is partially

- due to the narrowness o-f the road and the old plank-floored bridgeover Abbott Run. This intimate character is further enhanced by a -

profusion of fences, walls, largetrees, and hedges and other plantings. rStreet-line fences are common. Three of the seven houses on thenorth side of the road have white picket fences in front. The Arnoldhouse on the south side has a split-rail fence around it. Large oldtrees edge the road in many places and plantings, often overgrown, I. - -

of flowering bushes such as rose and forsythia abound. The housesthemselves are sited about fifty feet back from the street exceptthe Arnold house, which is much closer .

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At the southeast tip of this part of the district is the "ColonialCottage" map, No. 17 , a two-story, center-chimney, shingled houseprohabl built in the middle o-f the eighteenth century, and a two-story, center-chimney, Federal-style dwelling map, No. 18 . Fartherto the west is a fine two-story end-gable, Greek Revival housemap, No. 16; photo 8-.

- See continuation sheet 2 -

No lQ-3CO - - -

‘ O.?4UNITED ‘SFAIES DEPARTMENT OI-F lIE INFERIOR

- -. NATIONAL PARK SERVIcE

ATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACESINVENTORY-- NOMINATION FORM

CONTINUATION SHEET 2 ITEM NUMBER PAGE

The second or western section of the Arnold Mills Historic Districtfollows a 2500-foot section of Abbott Run Valley Road which skirtsthe eastern foot of Thompson Hill, a 300-foot ridge tending north-north-west to south-southeast. The area retains in large measure its ruralcharacter and hillside topography, the land sloping downward, heresteeply,- there gradually, from west to east. This section of the districtcontain a former Friends meetinghouse,a grange hail, two historichouses, and two early cemeteries, along with one twentieth centuryhouse-. The Friends meetinghouse map, No. 19; photo 10, built in1809, stands in the triangle between Abbott Run Valley Road andHillside Road. It faces south, away from the intersection. Originallya two-story, flank-gable structure, with a story-and-a-half, gabledfront entry, it has been enlarged with various wings over the yearsto accommodate the Community House which now uses it. A fair-sizedparking area adjoining it on the south is unobtrusive because of thecare taken in preserving trees and in planting shrubs both alongsidethe road and next to the building. Cumberland Grange No. 2 map,No. 20; photo 9, a frame, cross-gable, Queen Anne-Colonial Revivalstructure built in 1895, is located at the southeast corner of AbbottRun Valley Road and Whipple- Road. It stands well back from the streetbehind a wide lawn and faces the intersection. North of the intersectionof Whipple Road on the east side of Abbott Run Valley Road is the lateeighteenth century house of Ebenezer Metcalf, Sr. map, No. 21. Itis a two-story, flank-gable, four-bay, center-chimney house with afine Georgian entranceway. The house is separated from the streetby a four-foot hedge. On the east side of Abbott Run Valley Roadat the south end of this part of the district is the Davis Metcalf - - -

house map, No. 22. It is a 2-story, frame, flank-gable, Federalstructure. On the hillside across the road and south of the CommunityHouse are the early Peck and Metcalf cemeteries. They are enclosedby stone walls and surrounded by woods.

Within the bounds of the Arnold Mills Historic District there -

are three houses which do not contribute to the historic character ofthe area. One is situated behind the-houses on the north side ofSneech Pond Road. It is not visible from Sneech Pond Road. The

-second is the Arnold Mills United Methodist Church parsonage. Inthe other section there is one 1920s house at the northeast cornerof Abbott Run Valley Road and Whipple Road. The

See continuation sheet 3

FornfNó .fl 3eO.i

pv 10-74

-: - - 1.-NI-FE! SI AIIS II-PARFMI-NFOF -i HE lNII-RIO!-

- NATIONAL PARK SERVIcE

- NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES

-

- INVENTORY-- NOMINATION FORM

CONTINUATION SHEET 3. ITEM NuMBER 7 PAGE 4 -

North Cumberland firehouse at Nate Whipple Highway and Whipple Road,a modern brick structure, also does not contribute positively. Noneof these structures, however, has a particularly negative impact.The buildings in the district are well maintained.

The following is an inventory of sites and structures which contribute to the historic character of the Arnold Mills Historic District:

1. Mill. darn and foundations s-ce photo 1: This area- contains thesite of the Arnold saw and grist mills and the extant mill darn- builtin 1875. The sawmill was built about 1734 and closed in 1862. Itwas located at the west end of the dam. No remains are- now visible.

- The grist mill, built about 1747 at the east end of the dam, stooduntil 1962. The stone foundation walls and mill-race are still inexistence. The site has some archeological potentia1. Between thegrist mill site and Sneech Pond Road is a one-story grain storageshed, now used as a gift shop. Built c. 1910, it possessesa flat-roof and vertical-board walls. Assessor’s plat 25, lot 11.

2. Metcalf Machine Shop see photo 2: A long, two-story, clapboard,gable-roof structure, built in 1825 by Joseph and Ebenezer Metcalfas a textile machinery factory. The east half of the structure isa later addition. The factory, used at various times as a straw hatfactory, grain mill, blacksmith’s shop, and wagon shop, retains manyremnants of the machine shop and grain mill machinery. Suspendedfromthe second-story ceiling joists in the west section of the buildingare several wooden barrel-like drive shafts which held the upperends of the belts which drove the machine shop machinery. Thestructure is now used as Sleepy Hollow Lawn and Garden Center.Plat 25, lot 12. - -- - -

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FOR NPS USE ONLY

RECEIVED

DATE ENTERED

3. Amos Arnold house: ee photo 5: A one-and-a-half-story, gambrelroof structure, built between 1745, when Arnold purchased the saw milland mill privilege, and 1773, when he gave his son RuFu an - undividedhalf interest in the house. Sold to Joseph Metcal if by the Ruf’us Arnoldheirs in 1818-19, the structure remained under Metcalf ownershipuntil 1896. The exterior, which had been fadedwith shingles, wasclaphoarded in the l930s. Many of the windows evidently late fromthe mid-nineteenth century, when the house was made over into a duplexit is now a single- family dwelling . The -front entrance hal 1 hasbeen rebuilt as a kitchen and a central chimney has been removed,

See continuation sheet 4

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.!.NII El STAlES IIPARFMF NI 01: FIlE INIER ICR- NATIONAL PARK SERVICE

NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACESINVENTORY -t NOMiNATION FORM

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CONrINtJATION SHEET 4 ITEM NUMBER 7 PAGE 5

but a triangular chimney stack, with -fireplaces running diagonallyacross - the corners of the- two south rooms, remains at the south endof the house. Nearby to the west is a modest, flank- gable, LateVictorian ha-rn, with shingled walls and a small cupola. Plat 25,lot 13. - -

4. House see photo 6: Built probably about 1800, -and purchasedby Gustavus A. Alexander in 1837. A 1½-story, -five-bay, centralchimney, frame structure, with large additions in hack, it possessesa Greek Revival front entry with sidelights, and a sulall, evidentlyoriginal shed dormer centrally positioned over it. - - -

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5. Dr. Addison Knight house see photo 7: A story-and-a-half, flank-gable, frame dwelling built c. 1844-46. Sold in 1846 to Louisa Taft,whose husband Mowry was then part owner of the textile machinery

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factory, the property remained in the possession of the Tafts in 1900.Possessing a handsomepilaster-and-sidelight -front entrance and a heavyDoric porch across the entire front, it is a fine Greek Revival

- structure, of a type not common in Rhode Island. The heavy picketfence in front is - said to date from the time of construction of the-house. There is a persistent local tradition connected with thishouse and another very similar dwelling which, be-fore its burningin 1916, stood on the Clinton Johnson property on Whipple Road nextto the fire station. According -to this tradition, both structures werebuilt by the same person as homes for his daughters. The Cumberlandland records show that both houses were built -by Dr. Knight -- theSneech Pond Road dwelling c. 1844-46 and the Whipple Road structurec. 1846-51. The earlier house was sold to Louisa Taft in 1846; thelater one was sold in 1851 by Knight’s widow, Phebe, to Willard Pierce.It is clear from the records that the Knights sold both strucuresfor their full market value. Louisa Taft may have been AddispnKnight’s tj

daughter; Willard Pierce’s wife, however, -was a Metcalf. The recordssuggest that both houses were -built by the Knights for their own -

occupancy.. Nat 56, lot 16. -

6: Mackenzie house: This two-story, flank-gable, center-chimneydwelling, probably originally an early-nineteenth-century Federal-style house, was extensively remodeled in 1913 ,when an open verandahextending around three sides and a -projecting, centrally positionedtwo-story entryway pavilion, both Federal Revival in style, were -

added. Neil Mackenzie 1863-1931, -a NovaScotia-horn blacksmith,

- - See continuation sheet S

FOR NPS USE ONLY

RECEIVED

DATE ENTERED

o-jcx - - - -

-11ev. 10-741

: LNlIliDSlAltS Il-UAR1NIl:NF Cl IIIE INIER Ion FOR NPS USE ONLYNATIONAL PARK SERVICE -

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NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACESINVENTORY--NOMINATIONFORM DATEENTERED - -

CONrINUATION SHEET 5 - ITEM NUMBER 7 PAGE 6 -

came to Cumberland in 1885, when the Diamond Hill Reservoir was beingbuilt, and in 1896 bought this house, along with the- former machineshop, -from the Metcalfs. Plat 56, lot- 17.

7. Edwin R. Arnold house: Erected for a blacksmith between 1837 and1850, it is a handsome 1½-story, clapboard, flank-gable, GreekRevival structure, with corner pilasters and cornice returns.

8. Former general store and doctor’s office: Built c. 1819-24 byLewis Arnold and sold to Halsey P. Walcott in 1824, it is a one-story, flank-gable, clapboard structure, with an end-gable shed atits right-hand end. Now a residence, -the building -was used in itsearly years by Dr. Halsey Walcott as a doctor’s office- and by him andhis brother, William A. Walcott, as -a general store. The door intothe former doctor’s office at the left side of the building has nowbeen replaced with a window. - The structure remained in use as ageneral store under the Perkinses and William Howe into the twentiethcentury. Plat 56, lot 30.

9. Dr. Halsey D. Walcott house: A plain Federal-style dwelling ofthe two-story, flank-gable, center-chimney type, with a flat-topped,sidelight-type front entrance. The structure,which is now clad incedar shingles, is said to have beenbuilt by Dr. Michael Walcott,the father of Halsey and William A. Walcott. The Cumberland landrecords show, ho-wever that it waserected c. 1819-24 by Lewis Arnoldand sold in 1824 to Halsey Walcott Piat 56, lot- 31.

10. House. - This modest one-story, flank-gable, clapboard structurewas owned in the nineteenth century by the Metcal fs . Built in theearly 1800s , it has a central chimney and an entrance- at each end ofthe facade, and probably was erected as a duplex. I’lat 26, lot 30.

11. Arnold Mills Schoolhouse: A mid-nineteenth centuryone-story,end-gable, frame structure - which originally had two doors at thestreet end one has been removed . Plat 26, lot 72. - -

12. Former Freight Station: A small frame - structure with a steeproof, probably built- in 1877 when the Rhode Island and Massachusetts-

Railroad was completed through Arnold Mills. In 1933 the structurewas moved to its present location east of the Methodist Church and -

dedicated as the Boy Scout cabin. Plat 36 lot 12.

See continuation sheet 6

Form No ij:bo - -

v 10-74 ,. -

U-NIl 1:1 SFAIES PItARFMINF CEI LIE INlI;RIOR FOR NPS USE ONLY - -- -

NATIONAL PARK SERVICE -

RECEIVED - - -

NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES . . - -

INVENTORY--NOMINATIONFORM DATEENTERED

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CONTINUATION SHEET 6 - ITEM NUMBER - 7 PAGE 7

13. Arnold Mills United Methodist Church: A plain Federal and GreekRevival-style structure erected 1825-27. As originally built, theinterior was a large, open- room, with galleries on the sides and atthe rear near the entrance. The pulpit was located in front of therear or singers’ gallery and between-the entrances to the room. In1846 the interioi was entirely rebuilt. - The first floor was made oveTinto a vestry, which ‘was in turn partitioned off into offices in1966. A new audience room was constructed in a second floor builtat gallery level. The pulpit was placed at the fropt of the room anda choir platform built at the apposite end, beneath the belfry. Thisnew sanctuary saw few changes until 1961-62, when a wide chancel wasbuilt at the hack. The interior finish, other than the chancel wood-work, is entirely Greek Reyival in style. Plat 36, lot 12.

14. This much altered four-hay, two-s tory, flank-gable - structure,dating probably from the lattei half of the eighteenth century,served in the mid-nineteenth century as the home of Jacob Metcalf - -

1818-67 , a son o-f Ehenezer Metcalf, Jr. Originally located on thesite of the Henry A. Bishop house on the south side of Nate WhiippleHighway nearly opposite the east end of Sneech Pond, Road, thisMetcalf house was moved across the street in 1882 when the Bishop-house was built, and moved again in- the 1920’s when the Arnold MillsReservoir was constructed. At the time of the second move, acentral chimney was taken down and the original front entrance, withits simple molded architrave trim, replaced by the present fanlight-type one. -

15. -Henry A; Bishop house: This plain, shingled, two-story, end-gable structure was built in 1882. The contractor was John N. Hoagof Woonsocket.’ The exterior has been shingled, a large bay windowadded to. the -front, and the original posts of a small door porchreplaced with wrought iron suliorts. A one-story rear wing is saidto have been a part of tJie Jacob Metcalf -house that was left behindwhen the -Front portion was moved across the street in 1882.Plat 25, lots 167, 168

‘‘‘Memorandum off agreement made this day of one thousand eighthundred and eighty- two between lIen ry A. Bishop of Cunihcrland It. I .

farmer of the -first part and John M. Hoag of Woonsocket R. I. builderof the second part." in possession of Mrs. Roger 13. Alcott, DiamondHill Rd. , RD 3, Cumberland, Il. I. 02864 .

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:- -NIIl-ISiAII-II-I’-RiNIl-NICl-IIlEINIl-RIORNATIONAL PARK SERVICE -

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CONTINUATION SHEET 7 ITEM NUMBER PAGE

house: A substantial, sidehall-pian, two-Revival structure, built for Walcott 1799-

in 1838. A large gable fanlight, dividedparts, and the paneled treatment of the pilastersthe -house and in the pilaster-and-sidelight.

this structure an appearanceof considerable richness.ar wing, now clothed in Creek Revival dress, - is said to1838 front portion. Plat 25, lot 16..

17. Walcott house: Said to have been erected by John Walcott before1750, this two-story, center-chimney, flank-gable structureby his son, Benjamin Walcott, at the time of the Revolution,sequently by Benjamin’ s son John. Pordhes have been addedtothe front and hack. -The northern end of the house possessesGreek Revival entrance with sidelights. The doorwayand slightly battered flanks. Serving as a cornicerecta moulding decorated with antlieniions and otherdesigns. Flat 25, lOt 42. -

19. Community House.in 1809-10 as a Friendsin 1926, it has servedplace for holding meethave been added to thetwentieth century, hutexterior has survived. Pint 26, lot 13.

Hall:builtfirst

21. Ebenezer Metcalf, Sr., house The Elms This two-story, flank-gable, four-bay, centet-chimney house was huil.t in the last quarterof- the eighteenth century. It possessesa handsome Georgian frontentryway consisting of fluted Tuscan pilasteTs upholding a flat-topped entablature with a heavy cornice highlighted by modillions . -

A large hack wing is finished in a plain, mid-nineteenth-century

FOR NPS USE ONLY

RECEIVED -

DATE ENTERED

16. William A. Walcottstory, end-gable, Greek1855 , a local merchantby mullions into threeused at the corners of

7 8

doorwayA l½-stopre - date

givery rethe

was ownedand sub- -

botha notable

trim has shouldersis a wide cyma

Greek- insp i red

18. Walcott house: A c. 1800 two-story,chimney, Federal-style, frame structure.

r.

p.I-.

:...,;: r:

flank-gable, centerPiat 25, lot 350.

The original part of the structure was builtmeetinghouse. Converted into a residence

since 1942 as the local Community House, aings and gatherings. Two - single - story wingsnorth or back - side of the building in thethe better part of the old meetinghouse

20.and S

No. 2Plat

Cumberiand Grangehinglo structure,est. 1887, the26, lot 16.

A two-story, cross-gable, clapboardin 1895 to house Cumberland Grangegrange organized in northern Rhode Island.

See continuation sheet 8

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r-,rn No ,:j 300á - -

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kNIlIDSIAjIS II.I’ARF1IENI DI 1111: INlIR ICR FOR NPS USE ONLYNATIONAL PARK SERVICE - -

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style. Ebenezer, Sr., the first Metcalf to settle in the Arnold -

Mills area, was the father of the Ebenezer, Jr. , and Joseph whoestablished the Metcalf mill. Flat 26, lot 91. -

22. Davis Metcalf House: Davis Metcalf 1778-1848, a son of - -

Ebenezer, Sr. , erected this Federal-styie house early in the nine- -

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teenth century. It is a two-story, flank-gable, center-chimney - - __- -

structure, with a story - and-a-hal-f wing extending to the right. - -

Since 1962 a Federal-style, Tuscan-column door porch has he-enremoired and the sidelight entrance given a fanlight and broadpediment with returns. Flat 26, lot 116. -

23. Peck Cemetery It. I. Historical Cemetery 19 : A well maintainedhiilside burial ground, surrounded by woods and fenced in with rubblestone walls, dates back at least to 1754 and is the earliest local

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graveyard. It contains numerous fine slate and bTownstone eighteenthand early-nineteenth-century headstones, and also a handsome granite- F- -block- fronted receiving tomb erected for Joseph Whipple in J825.Fiat 26, lot 10. - - - -

24. Metcalf Cemetery R.I. Historical Cemetery 20: A smallgraveyard surrounded by woods and enclosed by rubble stone- andrandom ashlar walls, - it contains twenty- five headstonesdating ,-

back to the 1850’s. Flat- 26, lot 11. - -

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25. Quaker CemeteTy It. I. Historical Cemetery 21: Surroundedby woods, this neglected, small, mid-Victorian burial ground ise rclosed by grSnite-post-and- iron-rail fences. Flat 26, lot 12.

26. Arnoid Mills Cemetery R. I. Historical Cemetery 23 : Thisburial ground, often referred to as the ‘‘New Cemetery’’ in its earlydays, was established not long after the construction of the MethodistChurch. -

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27. Evergreen Cemetery R. I. Historical Cemetery 22: This burialground, with its border of evergreens on the east side and stone wall n -

on the west, is an extension of the Arnold Mills Cemetery.

The following structures do not contribute to the historiccharacter of the district: -

- - - - See continuation sheet 9

No lO-300z.- - lfl-74I

UNLTIiDSr AIRS DliI’ARlMILNTOFl liii INFERIORNATIONAL PARK SERVICE

IATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACESINVENTORY --NOMINATION FORM

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28. Firehouse. Assessor’s piat 26, lot 72.

29. Arnold Mills United Methodist Church parsonage. Plat

30. House. Plat 56, lot 29.

26, lot 12.

PAGE 10

31. House. Piat 26, lot 65.

IziFERIOD

-- PREHISTORIC ARdHEULUGY PHEHIS1ORIC RELIGF0N -

1400-1499 - AHCHEOLOG -HISTORIC SCIENCE

500-1599 _AGRICULTURE _SCULPTURE

1600-1699 c.ARCIII1ECTtJI1Ii _SOCIALIIIUMANITARIAN

.I7O0-1799 - - FHEAIER -

‘c 800-1899 - _TRANSPORTATION

_._I900- - OTHER SPECIFYI

SPECIFIC DATES BUILDER/ARCHITECT - - -

STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE - - - - . --

The Arnold Mills Historic District is significant today- as a wellpreserved rural, and essentially agrarian, settlement, one of relativelyfew in Rhode Island. Within it many of- those structures and siteswhich together housed the significant community insfitutions anftleaders are still intact. The Arnold Mills area bears great localsignificance as the site of milling operations from the eighteenthcentury clown almost to the present. It is also locally important inthat it retains the old meetinghousesof two churches of historicinterest. Th district also contains a number of structures ofarchitectural importance.

Arnold Mills was founded in 172by Hi chard Atwe 11, Will iam Walcott,Wilkinson-. The sawmill was built onnorth of the highway at the west endoperated until 1862. In 1745 the mill and land was sollArnold. lie added at the east end of the dam the grist mill whichgave the settlement its name. The mill survived until 1962. Itbelieved that Arnold built the gambrel-roofed house on the southof Sneech Pond Road just west of Abbott Run photo 5.

The establishment of farms in the Arnold Mills area, which retaineda predominantly agricultural character until the middle of the twentiethcentury, began to take place in the mid-1700’s. Towards the closeof the eighteenth century the beginnings of a soial and- commercialcenter for the area developed around the focal point provided bythe grist and saw mills. A general store was established by John-Walcott before 1800. Another general store in the village, foundedbetween 1819 and 1824. was operated h> Haisey D. and William A. Walcottand others into the twentieth century. The village became the homeof physicians, Michael Walcott 1762-1821 being the earliest,.followed hy his son Halsey P. 1788-1842, and by Dr. Addison Knightand others. The tValcotts ‘ comlyinatiol store and doctor’s officestructure, along with the homes of Halsey P. Walcott and AddisonKnight, are still extant. - -

In the first part of the nineteenth century two religiousorganizatlons existed locally, a Friends meeting --- one of? manywhich Rhode Island, with its long tradition of religious liberty,

- See continuation sheet 10

COMMERCE

_COMM UNICATIONS

AREAS OF SIGNIFICANCE--CHECK ANDJUSTIFY BELOW

_COMMUNITY PLANNING _LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE

CONSEHVATION _LAW -

_EC0NOMICS - - - LITERATURE

_EDUCA [ION _M ILITAHY

__ENGINEEIIJNG - __.MUSIC -

_EXPLORArION/SETTLEMENT _PHILOSOPHY -

.IN0USTRY -_POLITICS/GOVERNMENT

_INVENTION

4 with the establishment of a sawmillJames Streeter, and Danielthe west side of Abbott Run,of the present stone dam, and

to Amos

I-

fl - ‘.

.: -

isside

non Jo 1ä30U1 - VV 1a741 _ - - V -

l;IIkcsr, Il-S II-PARIMLNIOI- FIll-. INII-RlO& FOR NPS USEONLY- NAtIONAL PARK SERVICE - -

RECEIVED

NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES

___

INVENTORY-- NOMINATION FORM - DATE ENTERED

__

- - _

CONTINUATION SHEET - 10 ITEM NUMBER 8 PAGE 2

possessed -- and a Methodist -society. The 1809-10 Friends -meetinghouse,L

having been closed in 1926, is now used as a community house.-

A Methodist sermon was first preached in Cumberland in 1791 bythe Reverend Jesse Lee, one of the pioneers of Methodism in New England.By 1799 a Methodist class, the first to be organized in all of Rhode -

____

Island north of Warren and East Greenwich, had been established. _

Services were often held at - a Freewill Baptist meetinghouse and atthe local schooihouse. In 1825-27 the meetinghouse still used by the - -

congregation was erected; it is now the second oldest Methodist church ‘ -_building in Rhode Island.

_____

In the nineteenth century continuing commercial and industrialdevelopments ensured the ongoing vitality of the area. EhenezerMetcalf, Sr. 1748-1820, the progenitor- of that large and prominentCumberland family, arrived from Attiehoro, Massachusetts, about 1775.By the end of the century, Metcalf, a farmer and hi acksmith , had -

established a small machine shop. In 1818-19 Joscnh Metcalf 1783-1868, 1867, son of Ebenezer, Sr. , bought the Arnold mill properties.He and his brother, Ehenezer, Jr 1781-1854 , built the present mill -

in 1825 as a shop for the manufacture of textile machinery.

Joseph Metcalf sold his interests in all three mills to EhenezerMetcalf, Jr. , in 1840; - Ebenezer sold out to Mowry Taft and Charles 13.Carpenter in 1844 Charles Metci1f, brother of Ehenezer and Joseph,bought -the mills in 1850, hut operated the textile machinery factoryonly a short time. Thereafter, the building stopd idle until the1870’s, - when it was leased by Nicholas Brothers and reopened as astraw hat factory, utilizing straw braided by local women in their homes.

Tn 1896 Henry and Omar Metcalf, sons of Charles Metcalf, sold -theformer machine shop to Neil Mackenzie. Mackenzie utilized the easthalf of the structure as a wheelwirght shop in which he built andrepaired wagons and carriages. The shop consisted of a blacksmithshop, employing -Four hands and located in the basement, a woodworkingshop run by Elmer Whipple on the first floor, and a paint shopupstairs. In the west end of the factory Mackenzie established- agrain mill to crack and grind corn and grain. -

-

- See continuation sheet 11

Form No 1 3r. -

1U-/4I - - -

- I.I IHJSI AILS lI-i’AlFLll-.N lOF 111-. INILRIOR FOR NPSUSEONLY - . -

NATIONAL PARK SERVICE - -

- RECEIVED

NATIONAL REGISTER OF FIISTORIC PLACES -

INVENTORY--NOMINATIONFORM OATEEN1ERED-

CON TI NUATION SHEET - 11 ITEM NUMBER 8 PAGE 3 -

Nathan W. Nate Whipp le Jr., leased the grain mill in 1912, -andin 1915 bought the entire structure Although the wagon shop wasclosed, the blacksmith- shop continued in operation for some time -

-

run by Neil Mackenzie until 1923 and by Malcolm Gillis for a -Few moreyears thereafter. Whipple ran the grain mill until 1926, when - he soldthe building to the City of Pawtucket, which was acquiring propertynear the site of its Arnold Mills Reservoir. Shelton C. Parker rentedthe mill from the City of Pawtucket and continued its operation,grinding and mixing grain for chickens, cows, horses, etc. , until 1964.

Several among the district’s other buildings are of local-architectural significance. The Ehenezer Metcalf, Sr., house Map,

No. 21 possessesan elaborate for a counflytown Georgian frontentrance. The Edwin R. Arnold house map, No. -7 is a typical RhodeIsland one--and-a-halF-story, flank-gable, Creek Revival cottage of

____

the better sort. Another one-and-a-halF-story, Flank-gahie; CreekRevival dwelling which is most unusual for Rhode iland in having awide, Doric- column, front veranda, is the Dr. Addison Knight housemap, No. 5; photo 7. The William A. Walcott house map, -No. 16,photo 8 is a fine and elaborately decorated two-story, end-gable,

____

Greek Revival structure. Many of the other structures, although notas distinguished architecturally, are nevertheless important in thatthey typify rurai Rhode Island housing of the late eighteenth and earlynineteenth centuries. -

-

____

The Arnold Mills Historic District contains a largely intactdespite the severe- damage done by the construction of? the Nate Whipple

--Highway rural settlement of high historic, architectural, andaesthetic merit. In it early church, school , store, and mill buildings, rTalong with the homes of most of the community’s prominent residentsin the village’s heyday, survive

-

-

j--Er

-

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- I I97 -

flMAJQR BIBLIOGRAPHICAL-REFERENCES--Bay’i’es, Richard M. , Ed. History of Providence

York: W. IV.- Preston Co. , 1891.2 vols. New

Carroll, Charles. Rhode Island:N.Y.,: Lewis Historical Publishiñj

County, Rhode Island.

Three Centuries of -Democracy.Co., Inc. I93L

See continuation sheet 12

4 vols. r

EDGEOGRAPHICAL DATA - -

ACREAGEOFNOMINAIEDPROPERTY 100 - -

UTM REFERENCES -

A[j9j 3 l0113,3i 01 14,615,01414oi - stl91 LIQ2 I 42 101 ftd5J-50 12 510iZONE EASTING NORTHING ZONE EASTING NORTHING

c11191 13101211112] 4614,914,401 DIi,91 3j01l1 DI I4615012l0IVERBAL BOUNDARY DESCRIPTION

-E 19: 301000: 4649910 P 19: 301090: 4650070C 19: - 301330: 4549320 H 19: 301110: 4649280

-- -See continuation sheet 13

LIST ALL STATES AND COUNTIES FOR PROPERTIES OVERLAPPING STATE OR COUN1Y BOUNDARIES

STATE - CODE COUNTY CODE

STAlE CODE COUNTY CODE -

WFORM PREPARED BYNAME / TITLE -

Robert 0. Christensen, Survey ConsuitantORGANIZATION - DATE - -

Rhode Island Historical Preservation Commission April, 1978STREET & NUMBER IELEPIIONE

150 Benefit Street - 401-277-2678CItY OR TOWN STAtE

Providence Rhode Island

FESTATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER CERTIFICATIONTHE EVALUATED SIGNIFICANCE OF THIS PROPERTY WITHIN THE STATE IS:

NATIONAL_ STATEJL. LOCAL

As the desiqnatdd State Historic Preservation Officer for ttre National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 Public Law 89-665-Ihereby nominate this property for inclusi irinhe National Register and certify that it has been evaluated according to theCriteria and procedures set forth hy* the N- ionaI’ark e ice. -

FEDERAL REPHESENrATIvE SIGNATURE

TITLE State Historic Preservation- 0fficei DATE June 21, 1978FOR NPS USE ONLY - - - -

- I HEREBY CERTIFY THAT THIS PROPERTY IS INCLUDED IN THE NATIONAL REGISTER- - - -

- DATE - -

- DIRECTOR. OFFICE OF ARCHEOLOGY AND HISTORIC PRESERVATIONATTEST: - - DATE -

KEEPER OFTHE NATIONAL REGISTER - - - - -

-

- -

-* ‘ ‘ -‘. C 5 1 - -.

inm l 3’y3 -- - - -

-

--‘I ?1I LI SIAI CS II-P-RIMI:NI ui iiii-: INILRIOP FOR NPS USE ONLYNATIONAL PARK SERVICE - -

- RECEIVED

NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES -

INVENTORY --NOMINATION FORM DATE ENTERED

CONTiNUATION SHEET 12 ITEM NUMBER 9 PAGE 2’

Miller, Rev. Rennetts C. Souvenir History of the New EnglandSouthern Conference. 3 vols. Vol. III - PrVidence District.Nantasket, Mass.: Rev. Bennetss C. Miller. 1897.

Simpson, Robert V. Cumberland History. A volume located at theCumberland Town Library coitãining a series of 41 articlesprepared for the Cumberland Pennyaver in 1954. . -

- Simpson, Robert V. North Cuinberland: A History. Private printlng,1975. -

"History of Arnold Mills Methodist Church." Mimeographed outlinehis tory available at the church -

Maps - -

D. C. Beers Co. Atlas of the State of Rhode Island. Providence:1870. - -

Neispn, Newell. Map of the Town of Cutnherland, R. i. Aaron White,Jr. , 1838. -

Walling, Henry F. Map of the State of Rhode Island, and ProvidencePlantations. Boston: L. H. Bradford Co., 1855.

Walling, Henry F. Map of the_State of Rhode Island and ProvidencePlantations. - NeTYàTk: - John Douglass, 1862.

-

-- H

,.niNdlg.3PfNJ - -

ri 10-741

- . : UNITED STATES DFI’ARiMENI 01 111k INIFRIORNATIONAL PARK SERVICE -

AATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACESINVENTORY-- NOMINATION FORM -

CONTINUATION SHEET 13 ITEM NUMBER - 10 PAGE 2

Village Section of District -

The district boundary begins at the northeast corner of NateWhipple Highway and North Attleboro Road. From this point itfollows the north side of North Attleboro Road east 900 feet.It then turns north at a 900 angle to the course at that pointof North Attleboro Road and runs in a straight line to the high-water mark of the Arnold Mills Reservoir. The boundary then followsthe highwater mark of Arnold Mills Reservoir generally west-northwestto a point located such that a line drawn from it to the northeastcorner of the Arnold Mills Cemetery will parallel the westerlyboundary -of said cemetery. The boundary then follows the above-described line to the northeast corner of the cemetery, and thenalong the north and west bounds of the Arnold Mills Cemetery andthe west hound of the Evergreen Cemetery to the north side of NateWhipple Highway. The district includes all properties located tothe north or northeast of Nate Whipple. Highway between the southwestcorner of the above cemetery and the obove-mentionedcorner of NorthAttleboro Road within the boundaries described above. In addition,the district includes lot 72 in Cumberland Assessor’s Plat 26 at thesouthwest corner of Nate Whipple Highway and Whipple Road. Further,the district includes the whole of each of the following lots locatedon the south or southwest side of Nate Whipple Highway and shown inCumberland Assessor’s Plat 25: lots 167, 168 and 16. Lots 350 and42 at the southwest corner of Nate Whipple Highway and RidgelandDrive comprise another section of the district.

Abbott Run Valley Road Section - - - -

The boundary of this section begins at the southwest corner oflot 16 in Cumberland Assessor’s Plat 26. It runs east and then northalong the south and east sides of said lof and continues northerlyto the north side of Whipple Road. The line then runs west alongthe north side of Whipple Road to the southeast corner of lot 65. inAssessor’s Plat 26. From there it runs northerly along the eastsides of lots 65 and 91 in Plat 26 to the- northeast corner of lot91. The boundary then runs westerly along the -north side of lot91 and in the same course to the west side of Abbott Run Valley Road.

____-

It then follows the west side of Abbott Run Valley Road southwardto the corner of Hillside Road. The line now follows the west sideOf Hillside Road southward to a point opposite the southwest cornerof lot 9 in Assessor’s Plat 26. - -

- See continuation sheet14

-____

-:- -

- - --- : - -, - - - - ‘. -‘

Form No tj - -

‘:- X-74

.IiI:I SIAIES IIUARINIFNI 311 Ilk INikII0R- FOR NPS USE ONLY

NATIONAL PARK SERVICE - --

RECEIVED

NATIONAL REGISTER-OF HISTORIC PLACES - -

INVENTORY--NOMINATIONFORM DATEENTERED

____ ______I

CONrI NUATION SHEET 14 . ITEM NUMBER 10 PAGE - 3 I -

From there it runs east and then south along the back of lots 9 and --

10 in Plat 26 and continues south in the same course to the southside of Cross Road. The line then runs east along the south sideof Cross Road and in the same course to the east side of Abbott RunValley Road. From there it runs northward along the east side offthe road to the southwest corner of lot 116 in Assessor’s Plat 26.The boundary then follows the south , eat , and north 1 ines of lot116 back to the east side of Abbott Run Valley RoadS. Piom here itfollows the east line of-- Abbott Run Valley Road back to the Placeof origin. -

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