modern plastics & polymers - march 2011

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19March 2011 | Modern Plastics & Polymers

As the plastics processing sector evolves with a wide array of raw materials, processes, as well as products & applications, there is

a direct impact on the ancillary equipment segment. And, the signs are visible right from the simplest piloting applications to the most demanding fluid & gas control requirements. In this transition, the ancillary equipment need to deliver faster cycle times and high-speed applications, while being compact, energy-efficient and highly reliable.

Considering the need variations in the plastics industry, the ancillary equipment have become highly specialised and sophisticated to raise the bar in terms of efficiency, productivity and profitability. Case in point is the growing use of high valued, delicate and tiny plastic parts in the electronics industry, which are taken care of by the specialised ancillary equipment. Another example includes the dryers that not just reduce energy consumption but also yield high throughputs.

It is important to note here that since the ancillary equipment manufacturers are able to get a helicopter view of almost all the processes and challenges in the entire plastics industry, it helps in developing various technology-based improvements for the entire industry rather than restricting it to just one

segment or processor. The ‘Sector Watch’ offers some latest perspectives into the world of ancillary equipment.

On a different note, plastics in sports & entertainment has come a long way, and in the process, has pushed the physical limits of human body in breaking barriers and creating new records. For example, aerodynamic polyurethane helmets and graphite-reinforced bats are the latest symbols of a new phase in Indian sports as well as Indian polymer industry.

In fact, as plastics increasingly replace traditional materials in sports equipment, the former’s content is gaining higher acceptance from race tracks to shoes, clothing, helmets and kneepads, among others. Moreover, anti-slip properties, soft-touch effect, vibration absorption, etc of plastic sports goods are providing that quintessential edge to their users in the highly competitive world of sports. However, a key challenge remains in marrying sustainability with improved performance characteristics of plastics. For further details, turn to the ‘Market Trends’.

Adding the ‘ancillary’ edge

Manas R [email protected]

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Editorial Advisory Board A E Ladhabhoy Plastics Technologist

Dr Sushil K VermaFormer Director General, CIPET

Dr Swapan K DharaRegional Technical Head, Basell Polyolefins India Pvt Ltd

Mohan K JainMD, Indoplast & past president, AIPMA

P P KharasChairman, Ecoplast

Raman M Patel Chairman, Industrial Products Mfg Co

Vijay Merchant President, Polycraft

CONTENTS

20 Modern Plastics & Polymers | March 2011

Note: ` stands for Indian rupee, $ stands for US dollar and £ stands for UK pound, unless mentioned otherwise

Sector Watch : Injection Moulding Market Trends : Medical Plastics

Cover photo courtesy : Nu-Vu ConAir

Leaders Speak 40 Nikhil Tibrewala, Director, Avi Additives Pvt Ltd

Sector Watch 42 Ancillary equipment: Integrating technologies for quality

Market Trends 50 Plastics in sports & entertainnment: Innovation is the name of the game

Industry Insights 52 Carbon composites in sporting goods: Opening new avenues Akhil Hebbar, Country Manager, Zoltek Corporation

Material Corner 59 Polyamide 11: Reliable for high performance Dr Simon TING and Mandar Amrute, Arkema Inc

Injection Zone 64 Preventive maintenance: Tools to ensure productivity gains Y R Anand, Partner, Unimark

Analytical Focus 68 Glass bubbles in engineering polymers: High-powered impact on performance Dr Gaurav Manik and Arun B, 3M India Ltd

Management Mantras 72 Functional training: Aligning people, process and purpose M Hariharan, Director, Savoir Faire Management Consultancy Pvt Ltd

Report 78 PLASTIVISION INDIA 2011: Networking through knowledge exchange

50

REGUL AR SECTIONS

Editorial......................... 19

National News............... 22

Asia News ..................... 28

World News................... 32

Tech Updates ................. 36

59

52

Highlights of Next Issue

Details on page no.74

42

Events Calendar............. 74

Book Shelf ......................84

Product Update...............86

Product Index............... 102

Advertisers’ List ............ 106

64 72

N AT I O N A L N E W S


INNOVATION

Dow offers innovation in bonding adhesives solutions

Dow India participated in the India Rubber Expo 2011, in keeping with its

agenda to provide sustainable solutions in the adhesives and bonding industry. Dow Automotive Systems, the automotive business division of Dow India, presented an innovative line of adhesives for the automotive industry during the expo, which was held from January 19-22, 2011, at the Chennai Trade Centre, Chennai. Bonding elastomeric materials to metal, engineering plastics or other elastomers requires tough adhesives. The customisable solutions offered by MEGUM™, THIXON™ and ROBOND™ bonding agents are formulated to meet these bonding requirements.

The adhesives offer high performance even in extreme environments and are suited for usage in multiple automotive applications, including hoses, mounts, bushings, seals and instrument panels. POLYFLOCK™ and MORFLOCK™ adhesives bond well to various elastomers, especially ethylene propylene diene monomer.

LEGISLATION

Plastic ban to impact laminate packaging segment The Environment Ministry’s notification to ban the usage of plastics for packaging gutka and pan masala will have a major impact on manufacturers of such products. This directive will be enforced from March 1, 2011, and will reduce the total volume sales of the sachet market by nearly 80 per cent.

According to industry experts, the chewing tobacco/pan masala industry is awaiting clarity from the government on the substitute raw material, which could be employed in packaging instead of plastics. The industry’s concern is that the product will expire sooner if stocked in paper or cardboard, making this option unviable. Laminate packaging lengthens the shelf-life of a product and is thus

utilised across sectors like FMCG and foods.

Nearly 30-35 per cent of laminates go towards gutka/pan masala packaging. R K Jain, Group President Finance, Uflex Ltd, said, “We make plastic films, which we supply to laminate producers. We will be indirectly impacted to the extent of 2-2.5 per cent of the total revenue of ` 3,500 crore.” Uflex said it would look at the possibility of routing this supply to other applications to negate the impact.

TECHNOLOGY DEMAND

WITTMANN BATTENFELD India unveils unique solutions for the Indian market

At PLASTIVISION INDIA 2011, WITTMANN BATTENFELD India exhibited the fully electric EcoPower 110 injection moulding machine that was

moulding round lids of 13 gm and at a diameter of 150 mm in only 4.2 seconds.

The company is also the only supplier of injection moulding machinery to offer solutions in all related areas of material handling; automation and other ancillary equipment. The company accordingly displayed the flexible WITTMANN W811 servo robots with the high-end R8 control system and the energy-efficient DRYMAX E180-400 central dry air dryer, equipped with frequency inverters for optimum adjustment to the current dry air requirements. Furthermore, a conveying system, demonstrating the abilities of the M7.2 IPC control was displayed. These exhibits demonstrated the company’s committment towards speed, consistency and energy efficiency.

APPLICATION

LANXESS rides high on engineering plastics segment LANXESS demonstrated its optimism on the Indian high performance plastics segment by its participation at PLASTIVISION INDIA 2011. The company in its 1,000 sq ft stall and showcased the Durethan and Pocan range of plastics through new exhibits and case studies. LANXESS exhibited some automobile parts like multi shell air intake manifold, GIT based outer door handle, oil plans, plastic metal hybrid brake pedals, all of which utilise high modulus Durethan DP BKV 60 EF grades and Pocan for electrical and electronics applications among others.

The LANXESS exhibits underscored the fact that the

company is a single window solution right from the stage of concept development through CAE (computer aided engineering) support until part testing and launching of the final product. Some of the exhibits also included the projects that were accomplished in India with major OEMs like Volkswagen, Tata Motors, Ford, Fiat, Suzuki and Mahindra. Apart from improving fuel efficiency and minimising carbon dioxide gas emissions, auto manufacturers are now looking at reducing the weight of the vehicle, which will trigger more usage of high-tech plastics from LANXESS in Indian cars.



CAPACITY EXPANSION

Windsor Machines plans to double plant size

Ahmedabad-based Windsor Machines Ltd plans to double the size of its manufacturing plants for injection presses and extruders. The company has annual sales of about $ 45.1 million and sold 350 injection presses and about 250 extruders last year. The company is also expecting sales of about $ 57.1 million this year, through sales of about 500 moulding machines and 450 extruders.

However, in its recent financial statements filed in November, Windsor has been classified with the Indian Government as a ‘sick industrial company’ and has submitted restructuring schemes, although it noted that it expects to continue operating. The company has benefited from the Government’s decision to put anti-dumping duties of up to 223 per cent on imports of Chinese moulding machines in 2009. In 2010, the company signed a technology transfer agreement with Italy’s Italtech SpA for higher tonnage injection presses.

OPPORTUNITIES UNLIMITED

Rotomoulders see market potential growing in India The Star Rotomoulding Conference held from January 24-25, 2011 in Mumbai witnessed industry leaders discussing the rising opportunities in India’s rotomoulding markets as traditional products are being converted to plastic. The Indian rotomoulding market is growing 15-20 per cent a year, from

an estimated 1 , 2 0 , 0 0 0 metric tonne d e m a n d , a c c o r d i n g to estimates from the Society of Asian Rotomoulders, a New Delhi-based group, which organised the conference. Several Indian firms said they were expanding factories, including one of the country’s largest domestic rotomoulders, Sintex

Industries Ltd, which was opening a plant to make tanks.

Although, there is growing demand in Indian markets like agriculture, automotive, toys and furniture, one official with the Society of Asian Rotomoulders said the country’s smaller rotomolding firms need help in upgrading, particularly in product design, material selection and marketing. There are opportunities for foreign firms to enter India’s market, in partnership with local firms.

TALENT BUILDING

Indian Plastics Federation chalks out training plans The Kolkata-based Indian Plastics Federation plans to open a training centre in Eastern India to address shortages of skilled technicians. It is aimed at a ` 10 crore facility by 2014, and hopes to be able to train up to 300 students a year. Amar Seth, Chairman of the committee organising the training centre, said, “More training centres are the need of the day in India. We find there is a shortage of trained manpower in the processing industry. In addition to training, the 40,000 sq ft facility will likely have product testing labs, a design centre and auditorium space for events.”

This training centre will be located on one acre of land donated by the

West Bengal Government, and funded by both government grants and money the federation makes from the IndPlas trade show. The next Indplas show will be held during October 5-8, 2012, in Kolkata. The trade show, which normally takes place every three years, is is taking part again after skipping its 2009 event because of issues with the exhibition centre it was planning to conduct, said Seth, who is also Chairman of the Indplas exhibition organising committee.

COLLABORATION

Vimal Intertrade appointed as distributor for Bayer MaterialScience in India

In keeping with its growth strategy in India, Bayer MaterialScience has appointed Vimal Intertrade Pvt Ltd as the distributor for its Coatings, Adhesives and Specialties (CAS) products in India. At the signing ceremony, Nicholas Smith, Head Sales & Distribution for India, Southeast Asia and Australia

& New Zealand, elaborated on how high-performance coatings and adhesives play a role in protection of the developing infrastructure in this country. He described the efforts and initiatives taken by Bayer MaterialScience in India to grow the polyurethane market and the company’s commitment to the industry. He commented that now the Bayer MaterialScience CAS team is effectively double in size with the Vimal team joining in the efforts of the growth plans of the coatings and adhesives market in India.

Sharad Mirji, Vice President International, Vimal Global Trade Pvt Ltd, gave a detailed introduction of the activities and achievements of Vimal Intertrade.



DEMAND GROWTH

India’s plastics industry optimistic about future scope The plastics industry in India seems to be going through a major change as the processing units shift focus from traditional packaging to new segments such as equipment manufacturing for automobiles, agriculture, poultry farming and blown films. The industry is growing at an annual rate of over 15 per cent and the emerging segments are agro-based as well as consumer based. Yogesh Shah, President, All India Plastics Manufacturers’ Association (AIPMA), said, ”We are seeing a change in the mind set of Indian consumers with regard to the plastic products. They no longer find it only a

pollutant product. Rather, it is more environment-friendly and economical than other substitutes like metal.”

According to industry sources, India’s annual production of plastic products, inclusive all type of processed plastics, is recorded at 8 million tonne. The industry has also called for government incentives in the form of simplification of process of tax filing and regulation in the raw material supplies so as to contain a possible price escalation through cartels.

SUSTAINABILITY

India’s first international conference on sustainable development of plastics

A majority of the trends witnessed by the global plastics industry in the recent past focus towards sustainability and green development. These

trends have led INK Business Media to conceptualise a unique endeavour titled ‘PlastAvenues Summit 2011’. This will be a one-day international conference to be held on 18 March at Hotel Novotel, Mumbai. As environment-friendly initiatives are being integrated with economic benefits, the industry is witnessing growing investment in technologies, along with increased interest from polymer manufacturers in biopolymers.

Eminent speakers at the conference include Bipin Shah, Vice President, Plastindia Foundation; Eduard Stückle, Head - International Technology Development, ARBURG; Frederic Petit, Global Sustainability Director, DSM Engineering Plastics; P V Narayanan, Chairman, Cognizance Packaging Solutions Pvt Ltd; Sunil Jain, President, Rajoo Engineers Ltd; Dr U K Saroop, Vice President - Business Development, Reliance Industries Ltd, among others.

In order to deliberate on the burning issues within the polymer processing

industry, Polymerupdate will be conducting Polymerupdate Global Petrochemical Conference (PGPC) on Engineering & High Performance Plastics. This will be held on April 14, 2011 at the Hyatt Regency, Mumbai. This will be an exclusive conference, designed specifically to address a broad range of issues impacting various downstream sectors like construction, automobile and automotive component, electrical & electronics, white goods and healthcare.

A combination of strategic, technical, market and commercial sessions will provide delegates a comprehensive outlook on the very latest developments in the global engineering plastics industry. The conference aims at knowledge sharing

to grow and strengthen business. The delegates will have an opportunity to learn from key market players about recent product innovation & applications, ways to improve efficiency & productivity and future drivers. A conference like this seems to be the

need of the hour since the global as well as regional engineering plastics industry is innovating to penetrate untapped markets like medical and electronics applications. As more developments are occurring in the automotive plastics application sphere, this conference will offer local players a chance to keep abreast with global trends.

Among the key speakers at this conference will be Nitin Kothari, Managing Director, DSM Engineering Plastics India; Simon TING, Market Development Manager, ARKEMA; Tim Uhrmeister, Head - PC Business Unit, Indian Subcontinent, Bayer MaterialScience; Sanjay Bedi, Segment Leader, Emerging Market, SABIC; D S Lee, Sales Director - SEA and India, Rhodia Polyamide; Shengjun Tian, Director-Lifestyle Business Asia/Pacific, Evonik Degussa among others.

These market leaders will emhasise on the importance of functional designs and innovative usage of standard materials like thermoplastics and polycarbonates. The sessions will also delve into the critical issues facing the business world and new developments taking place.

Idea sharing to reveal untapped opportunitiesCONFERENCE

A S I A N E W S


COLLABORATION

Major order from Korea for KREYENBORG The challenge is to provide equipment for a new PET plant in Ulsan, South Korea. The plant is expected to produce 1,50,000 tonne of PET chips annually to be used in polyester fibre production. The equipment consists of melt filters from KREYENBORG, underwater pelletising systems from BKG together with one discharge pump and several booster pumps manufactured by WITTE. Crucial to Hyosung’s decision in choosing

partners was primarily the complete package concept, supported by numerous references. The commissioning of the equipment is scheduled for the second quarter of 2011.

EVENT

CHINAPLAS to celebrate 25th edition this year

The 25th edition of CHINAPLAS will take place this year. In the past two decades, the exhibition experienced many ups and downs, including the Asian financial crisis in 1998, the 9/11 incident in the US in 2001, the SARS outbreak in 2003 and the global financial crisis in 2008. However, by virtue of perseverance, Adsale Exhibition Services Ltd, the organiser of CHINAPLAS and its team have overcome these challenges, and have achieved significant growth & development and are determined to make this year a success as well.

CHINAPLAS was earlier considered as a platform to provide learning opportunities for Chinese enterprises. Recalling the first edition of CHINAPLAS, Stanley Chu, Chairman, Adsale, said, “There were only several thousand square metres of exhibition space and hundreds of exhibitors, which were all overseas companies. There were no China-made products and technology at the fairground in the first edition. However, since then, CHINAPLAS has

become one of the top three international plastics & rubber fairs in the world and ranks first in Asia.” China’s plastics and rubber industries are flourishing. As one of the important pillar industries of its economy, the plastics industry has continuously maintained high-speed development for the past 30 years. Its average annual growth rate is over 10 per cent, which is more than the total growth rate of the national economy.

Taking 2010 for example, there were altogether 20,003 plastic products industry companies between January and May, which realised an industrial output value of ¥ 499.72 billion, and the output value of new products accounted for 4.38 per cent with a year-on-year growth of 32.48 per cent and a sales-output ratio of 97.97 per cent. In addition, the export delivery value reached ¥ 79.049 billion with a year-on-year growth of 25.77 per cent, and the proportion of exports among sales rose to 16.15 per cent. For the rubber industry, it experienced a steady growth in 2010. Statistics shows that the industrial output value from January to November 2010 was ¥ 229.23 billion, with a year-on-year growth of 22.1 per cent. The sales income was ¥ 228.02 billion, with a year-on-year growth rate of 24.3 per cent. The export delivery value was ¥ 60.6 billion and its year-on-year growth rate was

EXPANSION

Polyplex sees film growth in China, SE AsiaIndia-based Polyplex Group, which started in 1984, has had its eye on global expansion. Over the years it has expanded through film manufacturing facilities in Thailand and Turkey. The company recently opened a new office in Shenzhen and a booth at the Propack China trade show in Shanghai, to tap into a new market. Raunaq Singh Bajaj, Sales & Marketing Manager, Polyplex (Thailand), said, “The market in Southeast Asia is a particular focus for us. And China is one of the fastest-growing markets.”

As the fourth-largest global supplier of PET films, Polyplex touts its reliable supply and range of chemical-coated and other specialised films. This enables the company to offer flexible solutions to its customers. Bajaj said, “We are confident of offering more value to our customers.” Polyplex specialises in creating a range of food-packaging applications, including heat-sealable bags, twist films for candies and a range of other packaging options. The food industry is relatively recession-proof, and demand for food packaging has not slackened in the last few months, he said. In fact, the company is in the midst of increasing its capacity at its plant in Thailand. The company intends to add a 10,000 metric tonne per year PP line as well as 31,000 metric tonne of PET film.

A S I A N E W S


BUSINESS EXPANSION

Indorama buying Trevira’s fibre business

Thailand’s Indorama Ventures Public Co Ltd (IVL) said it expects to complete the acquisition of Trevira GmbH’s polyester staple fibre business in the second quarter of this year, adding a European brand to its global fibre business. IVL has signed a definitive agreement to take 75 per cent stake in the company, which has operations in Germany and Poland.

The remaining 25 per cent would be held by Italy’s privately-owned Sinterama SpA, which would be a partner in a joint venture company also to be formed in the second quarter. Trevira is the market leader in Europe in high-value applications of polyester, especially in automotive and home textiles. Sinterama, headquartered in Biella, has a global presence and operates manufacturing plants worldwide, located in Italy, the UK, Brazil, Turkey and China.

MONEY MATTERS

L K Technology receives investment Injection moulding machine maker L K Technology Holdings Ltd of Hong Kong has entered into an investment agreement with China Machinery Investment Holdings Ltd, a wholly-owned unit of Beijing-based FountainVest China Growth Fund. China Machinery has agreed to purchase HK $ 400 million of L K’s new subscription shares and perpetual convertible securities. In addition, China Machinery will subscribe for L K warrants that

will entitle the purchase of up to HK $ 80 million worth of shares at an initial exercise price of HK $ 3.125 per share.

According to the agreement, China Machinery also has the option to invest up to HK $ 240 million in L K’s subsidiaries through subsidiary equity interests. The investment will be utilised to pay bank loans and as general working capital, said L K, a 32-year-old manufacturer of plastic injection moulding presses, die-casting machines and CNC machines. Hong Kong-based L K operates production sites in Shenzhen, Zhongshan, Shanghai,

Ningbo and Fuxin on mainland China. Its equipment is employed by a variety of industries including automotive, electronics and telecommunications.

MARKET TRENDS

Asia-Pacific drives growth in film and sheet The worldwide market for plastic film and sheet is expected to reach 50.7 million metric tonne by 2015, according to a forecast by Global Industry Analysts (GIA). Asia-Pacific is

projected to be the fastest growing regional market with a compounded annual growth rate of 4.0 per cent until 2015. San Jose-based GIA says this growth will be driven by enormous potential in China and India, where there is fast economic growth and low per capita consumption of film and sheet.

While North America, Japan and Western Europe represent mature markets, GIA says there will also be future growth in the market in the Africa/Middle East, Latin America and Eastern European regions. Growing sophistication in the Russian market is paving way for uninterrupted growth in demand for plastic films in the region.

INNOVATION

Nanotechnology mimics nature to create chemical-free surfaces Taking a lead from animals such as dolphins and pilot whales that are known to have anti-fouling skins, researchers from the Industrial Consortium on Nanoimprint (ICON) at Singapore’s Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) are utilising nanotechnology to create synthetic, chemical-free, antibacterial

surfaces. These surfaces can reduce infections caused by pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, and may be deployed on common plastics, which are used for medical devices and lenses. Conventional methods for preventing bacterial surface attachment, say the scientists, often use potentially harmful metal ions, nanoparticles, chemicals or ultraviolet radiation.

W O R L D N E W S


SYMPOSIUM

SPE ANTEC® 2011 for alternate energy systems, healthcare and anti-microbialsThree new technology forums at the Society of Plastics Engineers (SPE) ANTEC® 2011 conference is expected to explore plastics innovations with the potential to advance into alternate energy systems & healthcare, and prevention of healthcare-acquired infections, it was announced by SPE.

Polymers in solar and flexible films will focus on roll-to-roll photovoltaic systems, solar concentrators and flexible displays. Whereas, polymer applications in health research will consist of presentations on materials and processes that are not yet commercial but promise to advance the fields of orthopedics, implants, tissue engineering, and medical devices. The presentations will cover topics such as nanotechnology applications in implants, silk-based biomaterials for medical devices, polymers & composites for stem cell tissue engineering, hydrogels for hernia mesh fixation and surface-modified biomaterials for treating infections.

MARKET DEMANDCereplast to raise $ 12 million to support soaring European demand Cereplast Inc has entered into a securities purchase agreement with several institutional investors. Under this agreement, the company will sell around 2.6 million units common stock plus accompanying warrants to purchase 0.25 shares of common

stock, at a price of $ 4.75 per unit in a private placement. This is expected to result in gross proceeds to the company

of approximately $ 12 million. Cereplast will receive net proceeds of some $ 11 million, after fees and expenses related to the private placement have been deducted.

Cereplast plans to utilise the financing for working capital purposes to fill the company’s rapidly growing order pipeline. The additional demand results from new European distribution agreements secured this year.

AGREEMENT

Arkema and INES set up joint research laboratory for polymers & photovoltaics

Arkema and CEA teams from INES (Institut National de l’Energie Solaire) have joined forces

to create the first private/public mixed research laboratory dedicated to the development of polymer materials for the various photovoltaic module technologies. Arkema has decided to boost its research by joining forces with CEA on the INES site near Chambéry (Savoie) to play a part in the improvement of photovoltaic panel technologies.

This new joint laboratory will pool Arkema’s expertise in polymers, polymer films and nanomaterials, with the expertise of the INES CEA teams in design and development processes for innovative photovoltaic modules, silicon & thin layers. This co-operation venture will be in place for an initial four year period. This structure will help expand the technological offering of the photovoltaic sector in France, as well as its competitiveness in this strategic area.

MARKET ANALYSIS

Plastic bottles and closures market in Europe on strong growth path AMI’s research suggests that the latent potential for PET barrier bottles in beer, wine and milk is equivalent to the current size of the carbonated soft drinks (CSD) market for PET bottles in Europe, which was just under 1 million tonne in 2009. Glass is reaching its limits in terms of light-weight, and there is a growing doubt

among the brand owners about its ability to evolve with market needs. The growing emphasis on the carbon footprint of packaging supply and end of life management will prove a compelling competitive advantage for plastic packaging.

In particular, PET will present an increasingly persuasive case in terms of sustainability, technical performanceand aesthetics. The future growth of the blow moulded bottles business in Europe will be driven by the growth in PET packaging

in new markets. The potential in beer and alcoholic drinks is highlighted by the low p e n e t r a t i o n achieved to date with plastic bottles, estimated by AMI to account for just 7 per cent of the packaging for these products in Europe. Also, it is not surprising to see plastic closures as another area showing strong growth.

W O R L D N E W S


EXPANSION

Moulder PTI Engineered Plastics starts design unitInjection moulder PTI Engineered Plastics Inc will be adding to its expertise in product development a stand-alone industrial design firm, PTI Design. PTI, based in Michigan, already has prototyping, tool production and moulding and has specialised in working with companies on creating & refining new parts. PTI Design will add

to those capabilities, the company said. John Budreau is the Executive Director of a team of industrial designers at PTI Design. The group will also

working with independent designers to help focus on manufacturability of their concepts.

The complete package of PTI moulding and PTI Design will be able to help customers create parts that are not only supported by industrial design research and testing, but also work through the entire process of creating the final parts, so that they can be processed efficiently, said Mark Rathbone, Founder & CEO, PTI Engineered Plastics.

AGREEMENT

SABIC partners with MAUSER to develop granulated HDPE SABIC has recently announced that its high-performance SABIC® HDPE ICP 5602 material for industrial containers is now commercially available. The breakthrough High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) – developed collaboratively with MAUSER is designed for blow moulding of tight head drums with a capacity of 25-220 litres. SABIC® HDPE ICP 5602 resin

combines high impact and rigidity with good processing performance and optimal resistance to stress, cracks & chemicals. Most significantly, this material delivers improved melt flow for high productivity & reduced energy usage, and its granular form – a departure from traditional powders – prevents waste, increases machine efficiency and permits safer product handling. SABIC® HDPE ICP 5602 resin is designed to be utilised for the production of UN-approved containers – subject to government approvals

and registrations. Its performance meets the UN-requirements for plastics packaging. In addition, the material is approved for food contact applications.

EXPANSION

BASF starts operations at expanded plant of the biodegradable plastic Ecoflex

BASF has started operations at its expanded plant to commence production of the biodegradable plastic Ecoflex. Expansion of the existing

plant in Ludwigshafen will increase production capacity from 14,000 to 74,000 tpa. At the same time, BASF will revamp compounding capacity for Ecovio®, a derivative of Ecoflex.

“We are already successful in the market with our biodegradable polyester Ecoflex and the related innovation, Ecovio®. The larger production capacities will enhance our position significantly,” said Dr Wolfgang Hapke, President, Performance Polymers Division, BASF.

JOINT VENTURE

Mitsui and Mitsubishi Rayon to produce methyl methacrylate monomer Mitsui & Co and Mitsubishi Rayon Co will forge an alliance in methyl methacrylate monomer, an acrylic resin compound utilised in LCD panel components and autoparts. Mitsubishi Rayon is the leading producer in the global MMA monomer market, with a 37 per cent share, since its 2009 takeover of leading British chemical manufacturer Lucite International Ltd. As part of the tie-up, Mitsui will spend roughly ¥12 billion to buy a 5 per cent interest in Lucite.

The Mitsubishi Chemical Holdings Corporation unit also plans to make acrylic resin compounds in Saudi Arabia at

a 50:50 joint venture with Saudi Basic Industries. This venture is expected to have an annual output capacity of 2,50,000 tonne and begin production in 2013. Mitsubishi Rayon’s investment is estimated at around ¥50 billion. Mitsui will consider taking a 15 per cent stake in the joint venture as well. Mitsui anticipates growth in mainly emerging markets.

Dr Wolfgang Hapke

T E C H U P DAT E S


Thermoformed medical-grade rigid packaging materialWisconsin-based Prent Corporation has introduced a new medical-grade rigid packaging material, Medex 641. This will be a substitute for four widely employed medical packaging materials — acrylic, polycarbonate, PVC and polyester. Medex 641 is significantly less dense than competing materials, which reduces the amount of material needed for each package and improves the yield

per pound of material. It also does not need a silicone coating in order to stack the packages together for shipping. Medex 641 also can be sterilised by the three primary methods used by medical-device companies: gamma, e-beam and ethylene oxide.

Joseph Pregont, President & CEO, Prent Corporation, said, “We had to reduce our costs to meet the medical-device industry’s interest in reducing packaging costs, while also reducing its environmental footprint. But we knew

there is a limit to how thin deep-draw medical packages can become using existing materials. We knew the success of such efforts would ultimately hinge on the development of new materials.”

Sidewall and label inspection system for plastic containers Agr International Inc has introduced OptiCheck™ sidewall/label quality management system for plastic container production. OptiCheck™, a vision-based inspection and measurement system, is designed to address the most critical process related issues common to plastic bottle production. It is cost-effective, easy to operate and has a highly reliable approach that considers the day-to-day variations in the production of plastic containers with the versatility to deal with frequent product change-overs, colour changes and limited line space. The OptiCheck™ system is designed specifically

for bottle measurement and inspection applications as well as the process control needs of the plastic container industry. It has modules for high-accuracy on-line finish gauging, seal surface defect management, and sidewall/label inspection. The unique optical arrangement, as well as multiple high-resolution cameras, in conjunction with long-lasting LED lighting, makes 360o inspection coverage possible on bottles that are translucent or opaque. Defects that can be detected by the system include folds, contamination, foreign materials, opaque spots, holes, missing or distorted features, flash, label defects, etc.

First biodegradable toothpaste tube

Tectubes has introduced an innovative biodegradable toothpaste tube made from FKuR’s bioresins. The company injection moulds, extrudes and prints the various parts of the tube. However, using bio resins for such an application is a challenge because the product needs to have compatibility between the different parts, and match them together with good conversion properties. This development shows the versatility of biopolymers and how far these have progressed with respect to processability and final characteristics. Bioplastics are a special class of polymers, which have properties comparable to conventional polymers, but are made from renewable resources or enable the biodegradability of the products made from this material.

Tectubes is a global partner in tube production. It produces more than 3,00,000,000 tubes yearly, from its factories in Sweden and North America. FKuR Kunststoff GmbH produces and markets special customised biopolymers under the brand names Bio-Flex® (polylactic acid compound), Biograde® (cellulose ester compound) and Fibrolon® (natural fibre reinforced polymers).

Medical elastomers compliant with electrical requirements The first wire and cable compound in the Medalist® family of medical elastomers is formulated and produced in accordance with stringent medical-industry requirements yet draws on technology with a long track record of success in non-medical insulation and jacketing applications. Medalist MD458 compound is a high-purity formulation that has passed ISO 10993-5 cytotoxicity testing, is RoHS & REACh compliant, and is manufactured in Teknor Apex’s dedicated medical compounding facility in St Albans, Vermount. At the same time, the new compound provides the same electrical performance, elevated service temperature rating, and resistance to chemicals & sunlight as the company’s Elexar® EL8431, a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) with more than two decades of service in wires & cables.

Nick Sandland, Senior Medical Market Manager, Teknor Apex, said “It is our belief that this new compound is the first elastomer to be fully compliant with the standards and practical performance requirements of both industries.” Medalist MD458 has a Shore A hardness of 70, a flammability classification of HB (UL-94), and a maximum continuous operating temperature rating of 105º C. It has passed standard tests for oil resistance after seven days at 60º C and UV resistance after 720 hours.

T E C H U P DAT E S


UV stabiliser for automotive plastics The UV stabiliser Hostavin ® N845PP for polyolefin (PO) compounds for interior applications in automobiles offers many advantages like low fogging and low migration performance plus processing efficiency. Migration is a significant concern for manufacturers of components such as dashboards, centre consoles, and door cladding. Migration of a light stabiliser out of the PP part can cause undesired surface deposits or create a fogging effect on vehicle windscreens. Automotive

manufacturers conduct rigorous testing at high temperatures to check for fogging potential. Hostavin N845PP protects PO-based components against sunlight and artificial light degradation. It remains within the plastic and does not migrate to the surface of the component when exposed to heat. Hostavin N845PP

is a multi-purpose active ingredient, which means that the UV stabiliser is enclosed in a non-traditional carrier. The carrier ensures good processability of the PO compound, contributing to the knock-on performance benefits. It creates a more efficient and safer processing environment. Hostavin N845PP is granular, free-flowing and dust free. This enables compounders and masterbatch producers to control dosage levels more easily, allowing simple and efficient handling, and eliminates the potential for breathing in dust particles.

High-temperature bio-based polyamides Solvay Advanced Polymers is collaborating with Mitsubishi Gas Chemical (MGC) to develop a unique line of renewably-sourced specialty polymers. The joint effort will initially focus on the

introduction of high-temperature bio-based polyamides for high-performance durable applications. With a heat deflection temperature of approximately 270° C for glass-filled compounds, the new polymer will have greater thermal performance than many current bio-based polyamides and polyesters.

These high-performance polyamides, based on bio-based sebacic acid derived from castor oil, are expected to be among the highest temperature bio-based polyamides in the industry. This material boasts of low moisture retention, a high crystallisation rate and wear resistance.

Attractive masterbatches from bioplastics Clariant Masterbatches has added a new line of bioplastics that comply with standards governing compostability and ecotoxicity. Products and packaging material made from biopolymers have a wider range of options in colour and performance-enhancing additives. Choices range from masterbatches based on conventional, man-made ingredients to those incorporating all-natural materials drawn from renewable sources like plants. RENOL® and CESA® compostable additive masterbatches incorporate conventional, synthetic additives and pigments in a biopolymer carrier resin. Testing of the ingredients determined that the materials can comply with EN 13432:200 – the widely recognised standard for heavy-metal content and plant-toxicity.

The RENOL line includes masterbatches based on over 80 different pigments, so colour choices are almost unlimited. CESA masterbatches include UV-stabiliser and antioxidant packages, with more additives currently pending review. The new RENOL and CESA compostable masterbatches give users an attractive middle ground such as performance and cost benefits, conventional colourants and additives in a formulation that does not change the compostability of products made from the bio-based resins. Application targets for the new products include packaging and single- or limited-use products like plastic utensils, drink cups and pens.

Peak performance combined with energy efficiency in profile extrusion

B a t t e n f e l d - C i n c i n n a t i ’ s new parallel twin screw extruder twinEX demonstrates improvement in output rate of about 10 per cent compared to its predecessors. The twinEX 93-34D sets the

new standard with production capacity up to 420 kg/h. Compared to PVC fenestration profiles more than 30 years ago, the profile’s weight has increased from 1.3 kg/m to 1.5 kg/m with increasing complexity for the requirements of noise and temperature insulation. The twinEX machines are available in four sizes from 78 to 135 mm. It requires approximately 15 per cent less specific energy input with a simultaneous increase in output compared to other counter rotating twin screw extruders.

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L E A D E R S S P E A K


The current market scenarioPresently, the Indian polymers industry is growing year-on-year at twice the rate of the country’s GDP. Since the growth in the additives and masterbatches industry is directly proportional to that of the polymers sector, the prospects for the additives segment in India appear bright. Further, as the competition among plastic processors is intensifying, and each one is looking for differentiation, they have to fall back on additives to provide the niche they are seeking. For processors, retaining several mechanical properties of the plastic components increases cost pressures. This would lead to a higher consumption of good quality filler masterbatches in the near future. We are also observing greater momentum in the bio-plastics and bio-based additives segment.

On the Indian additives industry keeping pace with global competition…The Indian additives industry is in the nascent stage since the investment in fixed assets is low compared to

its global counterparts. Further, the demand for high-end masterbatches has just started growing, as processors are challenged with enhanced performance requirements from their customers. The additives industry in India is gearing up to meet the demands. While competing with producers in Thailand and China, pressures on the cost of production is also high. However, due to growth in domestic demand, the industry is endeavouring to meet this demand – both in terms of technical know-how and feasibility.

Waste reduction and energy-efficiencyAt Avi Additives, we strive for improved quality standards while keeping our production cost low. This is the need of the hour for the industry to achieve waste reduction. Innovative ways to automate material handling process have been initiated to reduce wastage and spillage of both polymers & additives. We are striving to achieve a waste reduction of less than 0.25 per cent. Energy-efficiency is attained through constant energy audits in our

plants. Most of our processes have been shifted to the more efficient twin-screw extruders. Further, due to higher capacity plants leading to economies of scale, it has helped us bring down costs. The policy of automating ancillary activities since inception has paid substantial dividends. Innovations in additives technology can help the plastics industry meet the ever-increasing demands of the agricultural sector.

On additives being a sustainable solutionAdditives can not only help plastics retain their performance characteristics in an aggressive environment, but can also add new attributes and functions via advanced light management. These developments help the processors maximise returns on their investments by eliminating some of the shortcomings inherent in agro-plastics.

Additives make plastics more versatile by catering to a wide array of applications. The same resin can be fabricated into plastic products with different attributes through a clever selection of new and innovative

…says Nikhil Tibrewala, Director, Avi Additives Pvt Ltd. Emphasising on the significance of additives and masterbatches for the ever-evolving polymers industry, he shares his visions for promising times to come in an exclusive interview with Annabel Dsouza…

“Additives add new attributes and functions to plastics”

L E A D E R S S P E A K


additives. These include protecting plastics from detrimental effects of UV radiation when exposed to aggressive chemicals; ensuring selective management of different wavelengths of light to optimise crop growth and insect control; keeping the plastics condensate-free, dust-free and algae-free in dusty/humid environment for optimal light transmission; managing film wastes by timely degradation after their optimal utilisation, etc. Such versatility and flexibility make it possible to offer complete, tailor-made solutions for different crops, geographical regions, farming practices and meeting different cost-performance demands.

Further, we have developed masterbatches for protection against rodents. This would help eliminate the problem of food grain wastage due to rodent attack. Bio-degradable masterbatches are a reality today; and bio-degradable additives do not imply the old-fashioned, starch-based systems, but additives that actually act on the polymer chain to completely disintegrate and degrade polymers to safe products.

Innovations in additives technologyThis industry survives on innovation. Our team at Avi Additives makes tremendous efforts to implement the latest innovations from the industry. The list of innovations is endless. However, to mention a few, the percentage loading of filler masterbatches has reached unbelievably high proportions without seriously impacting the physical and mechanical properties of the end-product. Speaking of performance additives, our clarifiers are able to achieve glass-like clarity for various polymers, which earlier would not have been possible. Moreover, there are several important milestones in the areas of stabilisers, process aids, colour fastness of pigments, etc.

The latest grades of foam additives help reduce the weight of the product while retaining mechanical properties. The never-ending development in the plastics sector includes the reinforcing additives that magnify property range & versatility of polymers and composites, which extend their application field. We have also introduced infrared (IR) spectroscopy to our quality control measures. Modern IR spectroscopy is convenient, straightforward and can identify unknown materials by determining the consistency of a sample. It also helps to monitor production & processing and degree of cross-linking & composition of a blended mixture. Our future efforts will be aimed at implementing Six Sigma, and innovating through constant R&D.

Challenges faced by the industryThe biggest concern for the additives industry is the cost of modernisation as the Indian industry has been a laggard in terms of equipment. However, in the past five years, the upheaval in the industry has been dramatic, causing huge apportion of funds towards modernisation. Lack of standard requirements from our customers forces us to keep a large inventory. The product mix is huge, leading to challenges while production.

Message for the industryWe are learners, with huge appetite for knowledge. This enthusiasm to provide the industry with environment-friendly and cost-effective products will eventually make plastics indispensable, complementing life in all spheres. My vision for this industry is to meet the emerging needs of customers by providing consistent solutions through best business practices, innovation and modernisation. We believe that plastics is the fifth dimension and additives the sixth in nature’s space-time coordinates.

Plastic processing is evolving at a considerable pace and this fact can be attributed to the ever-increasing demands of the plastics industry. Most of the processing methods deployed earlier are no longer used either due to process inefficiency or not-so-good quality of the final product. With the advent of new technologies, the need for faster and more efficient processing equipment with accurate controls is on the rise and this is the driving force for innovations in the ancillary equipment sector. Beverley Lewis takes a closer look at some of the recent developments in this industry.

Courtesy: Nu-Vu ConAir

S E C TO R WATC H



S E C TO R WATC H

Ancillary or auxiliary equipment comprises one of the few industries that have so many variables around

which equipment can be designed. The need variations within the plastics industry for different materials, processes, and a wide range of products & applications, have created the necessity for specialisation in the ancillary equipment industry. Ancillary equipment include those systems that support the primary processing machines (injection moulding equipment, blow moulding and extrusion equipment). They include circulating temperature controllers, chillers and cooling towers, plastic material blenders, plastic resin conveyors (pneumatic), bulk storage tanks, dryers, granulators and robotics. Today, robots are being used on smaller tonnage moulding machines ranging from 25 to 120 tonne clamping force. There is a growing usage of higher valued,

delicate and smaller plastic parts in the electronics industry, which can be attributed to the specialised equipment available in the ancillary industry.

Recent trends The ancillary industry has evolved from the usage of basic rudimentary equipment to more sophisticated ones that increase efficiency and profitability. It has become the source of solutions not just for its customer base but also for equipment providers. “Ancillary equipment plays a major role right from removing the moisture from the material while processing it till the component is ejected and assembled automatically. Here, the processing hygiene & accuracy plays an important role. All the intermittent operations, which impart value-addition to the plastic components are important to deliver quality products,” asserts Sajan Meshwania, Director, Paras Engineers. Advances in plastics manufacturing processes often come

Courtesy: xxxxx

Sajan MeshwaniaDirector, Paras Engineers

Ancillary equipment plays a major role right from removing the moisture from the material while processing it till the component is ejected and assembled automatically.


S E C TO R WATC H

from the expertise that has evolved in ancillary equipment companies. “This is because ancillary equipment manufacturers are able to observe all the processes & problems of the entire industry, and not just one segment or processor. This helps them develop a continuous range of technologies to bring about improvements in the entire industry,” adds Meshwania.

Ancillary equipment also help manufacturers cut down costs and save electricity.

Reduced energy consumptionToday, ancillary equipment has become the backbone of the plastics industry and the plastic manufacturing process could become arduous without these tools. The evolution of plastics industry has pulled along the development of ancillaries to new heights. The functions of ancillary equipment could range from the simplest piloting applications to the most demanding fluid and gas control requirements. The plastics industry needs equipment, which provides faster cycle times and high-speed applications, yet at the same time, the equipment should be compact, highly reliable and not consume much power. Prashant Vairagi, Assistant General Manager, Larsen & Toubro Ltd opines, “Most ancillary equipment manufacturers are engaged in manufacturing and supplying a wide range of equipment that is not only of high quality but also reduces energy consumption and does not affect the environment.” In line with this, several companies have designed dryers that not only reduce energy consumption but also yield high throughputs. Sandip Shah, Sr Manager-Sales & Marketing, Nu-vu ConAir Pvt Ltd claims, “We have designed a line of dryers that can save processors up to 35 per cent on energy consumption compared to other desiccant dryers used in similar applications.” The recent developments and better ancillaries available today are a result

of using good microprocessor-based controllers, good diagnostic tools for fault-finding and precise controls. “The changes seen in current ancillary equipment are a combination of new control systems, advanced sensors and superior materials, which help in the reduction of energy, while providing quality equipment at a lower cost,” quips Tushar Parikh, Director, Neoplast Engineering Pvt Ltd.

The plastics ancillary industry is always focussed on growth as well as cutting costs – by way of reducing energy consumption, labour and excess use of raw materials. Labour has always been a target, which can be reduced through automation, which in turn also improves product quality. Parikh states, “The Indian plastics industry has registered a growth of almost 12 to 15 per cent since last three years and this growth has not only proved profitable for ancillary equipment manufacturers but has also improved quality and helped cut down costs, which in turn has led to an increase in demand for ancillary equipment.” Ancillary equipment like different types temperature and pressure controllers, heaters, blenders, motors, gravimetric feeders, dehumidifiers, etc, are significantly used in the plastics industry. Additionally thermoplastics and thermosets, which are used by the ancillary industry, are also in great demand.

Thermoplastics & thermosetsThere are different types of engineering polymers such as thermoplastics & thermosets, and both these are used by ancillary equipment manufacturers. Thermosets are used in the manufacture of ancillary equipment, as these plastics behave differently when heated. “These materials undergo an irreversible chemical process when heated and cannot be re-plasticised. These soften when heated and re-harden when cooled. For most thermoplastics, this

Sandip ShahSr Manager-Sales & Marketing, Nu-vu ConAir Pvt Ltd

We have designed a line of dryers that can save processors up to 35 per cent on energy consumption compared to other desiccant dryers used in similar applications.

Prashant VairagiAssistant General Manager,Larsen & Toubro Ltd

Most ancillary equipment manufacturers are engaged in manufacturing and supplying a wide range of equipment that is not only of high quality but also reduces energy consumption.


S E C TO R WATC H

melting and cooling process can be repeated a number of times without a significant loss of physical properties,” observes Vairagi.

Thermoset raw materials are available in either granular form or as sheet moulding compounds, which are supplied in rolls of a putty-like sheet. Typically, sheet moulding compounds contain a proportion of glass fibres

that impart improved physical properties to the end-product. “The low cost, low weight and high strength of glass-filled compression-moulded products have led to an increased penetration of this technology into various mass transportation and automotive applications. Thermosetting polyesters, typically with added glass fibres, are commonly used in compression-moulding applications,” adds Meshwania.

Role of ancillary equipmentThere are a wide variety of applications within the plastics industry that require ancillary equipment. The plastics industry uses raw materials, additives, spare parts, moulds, tools and moulded products, many of which use ancillary equipment like hopper dryers (hot air) to remove moisture from resins. Dryers used in the plastics industry to remove the moisture come in different types like the hot air dryers, compressed air dryers and the desiccant bed dryers. In the older dryers, a number of rotating desiccant cartridges were present and due to the rotation, the parts were subjected to wear. Later, these dryers were modified and consisted of only four desiccant cartridges, which would not rotate but instead had pneumatic valves to organise the air flow.

About 15 years ago, dryers with only two cartridges were introduced instead of the conventional ones with four cartridges, ensuring that adequate supply of air was provided. This change helped reduce the energy consumption drastically. “Nowadays, dryers are more energy-efficient. In the field of dryers, energy consumption is becoming a growing concern for plastics processors. More advanced dryers are designed to provide the required dry air supply in any environment or humidity level using the absolute minimum amount of energy. Several

energy-saving methods, like the counter air flow regeneration function and material saver modes in the closed-loop operation are the standard features available in the entire line of advanced dryers and these provide for the most energy-efficient operation,” says Shah.

Dryers with integrated blowers make for convenient packages and the more advanced ones consist of two process blowers that allow automatic adjustment of air flow depending on the throughput of the material. Vairagi states, “Hopper dryers play a major role in removing moisture from resins during the processing phase until the component is ejected and assembled.” This happens because the drying process takes place directly at the throat of the machine and this eliminates the possibility of contamination/re-absorption of moisture when transporting material from the central drying position to the machine hopper.

Plastic grinders are ancillary equipment used in blow moulding machines. These are widely used to grind various plastics and rubbers, such as plastic profiles, plastic tubes, plastic rods, plastic films, waste rubber plastics, and so on. The granular materials are used directly for injection moulding. “Plastic grinders recycle defective products and leftover materials produced by injection moulding machines, as well as large section bars and tubing, and the like. A good plastic grinder is characterised by high grinding capacity, high output & stable performance and should be equipped with an auto loader, which improves its automation degree and makes a high quality ancillary equipment,” reveals Meshwania. In conclusion, ancillary equipment has carved a niche for itslef in the plastics industry and offers substantial support to this segment. Courtesy: Paras Engineers

Tushar ParikhDirector, Neoplast Engineering Pvt Ltd

The Indian plastics industry has registered a growth of almost 12 to 15 per cent since last three years. This growth has proved profitable for ancillary equipment manufacturers.


With the ICC World Cup being played on home turf, one is compelled to notice the cutting-

edge material technology adopted by the world of cricket. Aerodynamic polyurethane helmets and graphite-reinforced bats are symbolic of a new phase in Indian sports as well as Indian polymer industry.

Advances in polymer technology and their applications in sports equipment have allowed athletes to push the physical limits of the human body. In virtually every athletic event, plastics is making major contributions to performance and safety. Like in automotives, the unique advantages of plastics such as durability, impact resistance, strength & lightweight are propelling its wide use in the sports equipment manufacturing segment.

From race tracks to shoes, clothing, helmets, kneepads, and other sports

equipment, modern sports rely on plastics to a great extent. Akhil Hebbar, Country Manager, Zoltek Corporation, says, “Polymers offer freedom for design flexibility with more ergonomic features for comfort and safety. As the trend to replace traditional materials like wood and metal with high-performance plastics continues in the sports goods manufacturing, the need of the hour is to invest more in R&D. We need better solutions for enhanced strength and durability for high-impact sports like skiing and cycling.”

However, developing new and innovative sports equipment involves factors like:

Consumer satisfaction, aesthetics and pleasure in use

Safety & diversity of different sports and age groups

Extreme temperatures, rain, snow, UV rays

Durability, lifecycle & costs

Courtesy: BASF

Innovation is the name of the gamePlastics in sports and entertainment

‘Let your performance speak for itself’; this holds true for both engineering plastics as well as sportspersons. In virtually every athletic event and leisure activity, plastics is making a major contribution towards enhanced durability and safety features. Annabel Dsouza highlights the innovations and applications related to high-performance polymers in sports equipment manufacturing.

M A R K E T T R E N D S


M A R K E T T R E N D S

Turfing technology Patented in the early 1960s by Monsanto, synthetic turf has become an integral aspect of sports arena in recent times. Researchers have unlocked the secrets of combining the very best in polymer technology with the strongest UV inhibitors and a state-of-the-art extrusion process. New grades of polyurethane enable processors to produce fibres that will resist splitting and reduce degradation caused by the ultraviolet rays. This is also a major cause of concern as plastic turf tends to be much hotter than natural grass when exposed to the Sun’s heat.

Apart from challenging climatic conditions, artificial turf has to conquer the risk of injury while playing. Friction between skin and artificial turf causes abrasions and/or burns to a much greater extent than natural grass. However, polymer turf reinforced with polyethylene yarn eliminates chances of abrasion. With novel properties of rotational resistance and linear stud slide friction, polyethylene turf prevents wearing off due to stud & spike manoeuvre. Polymer turf systems allow for the integration of fibre-optic cables into the turf. This enables lighting or advertisements to

be directly embedded on a playing surface. The latest infill technology system Durafill is applied for synthetic turfs to prevent the growth of spores and bacteria within the surface.

‘Sporting’ innovation Footwear design offers immense opportunities for engineering polymers to eliminate chances of foot ankle injury, knee energy management and ergonomic lacing features. Polymer foam is being introduced with technical functions; shock-absorbing components for high-impact sports like trekking, cycling, running and climbing. The trend of incorporating energy springs into in-line skates and cross country skis is continuing with enhanced straps, buckles, eyelets for pressure compliance. Depending on the sport, shoes are being customised for stiffness, compression resistance, rebound or spring effect. The inner-shoe lining is being made from a loosely woven polyester fabric that repels water and allows moisture to rapidly evaporate from the boot’s exterior. Anti-slip properties, soft-touch effect, vibration absorption are proving to be quite indispensable in the highly competitive world of sports.

The ball production concept of thermal bonding uses a high-solid polyurethane layer on a seamless glued surface to provide excellent responsiveness and ball

contact sensitivity. On the water sports

front, the mouldability of composite p l a s t i c s

enables hulls to be produced

that are low in weight and high

in strength. Yachts use advanced fibre reinforced compounds that facilitate enhanced performance in yacht racing.

Environmental intelligenceSports being the domain of the youth, one cannot ignore environmental concerns. Sports equipment manufacturers too are leveraging upon the ‘green’ ticket. At the FIFA World Cup 2010, Nike manufactured polyester jerseys from 13 million recycled plastic bottles. Retrieved from landfills in Japan and Taiwan, these were melted down into yarn and then spun into fabric. In order to market high-end sports merchandise, manufacturers had been resorting to the use of heavy metals containing pigments or organic compounds with halogens. However, environmental consciousness is compelling the market to implement more renewable raw materials like bioplastics.

Integrating sustainability with improved performance characteristics may be a daunting task for the sports goods industry. However, the exceptional flexibility and strength of performance plastics is symbolic of the requirements of the competitive world of sports.

Courtesy: Dupont

Akhil HebbarCountry Manager, Zoltek Corporation

As the trend to replace traditional materials like wood and metal with high-performance plastics continues in the sports goods manufacturing, the need of the hour is to invest more in R&D.


Akhil Hebbar

The commercial production of carbon fibre can be traced way back to 1969, when Courtalds in the UK opened a

five tonne a year plant to make staple fibre. Though the global market size for carbon fibre products is difficult to estimate, research has indicated this to be between 34,000-35,000 MT as of 2009. About 90 per cent of the carbon fibres produced is made from Polyacrylonitrile (PAN). The remaining 10 per cent is made from rayon or petroleum pitch. All these materials are organic polymers, characterised by long strings of molecules bound together by carbon atoms.

Carbon fibres are broadly classified into three sections based on their modulus: Standard Modulus – Modulus <250 GPA; Intermediate Modulus

– Modulus <350 GPA; High Modulus - Modulus >300 GPA. Further small tow or aerospace carbon fibres have a filament count of less than 24,000, and commercial grade carbon fibres have a filament count of more than 24,000 filaments in a tow bundle. Europe and North America still account for about 50 per cent of all the total carbon fibre consumption; and Asia accounts for about 20 per cent of the total consumption, with China leading the pack.

In terms of industry, aerospace accounts for about 25 per cent of current carbon fibre consumption followed by wind energy sector at about 10 per cent, automotive 5 per cent, and civil engineering, sporting goods, marine & other industrial applications comprising the rest. The share of industrial applications – wind energy, infrastructure and pressure vessels is

Opening new avenues Carbon composites in sporting goods

Carbon fibre today has come to be accepted as an established material for sectors that demand high performance. It is mainly used in sporting goods applications due to its higher strength/weight ratio, stiffness/weight ratio, low specific gravity, exceptional vibration damping capabilities & fatigue life, and corrosion resistance. This results in products that are stronger, stiffer, lighter, corrosion resistant and environment-friendly. Read on…

I N D U S T R Y I N S I G H T S

Courtesy: Oxeon



expected to grow at the rate of about 35 per cent every year over the next five years. Here the focus will be on the use of plastics in sports and leisure applications.

Sports and leisure application: Global scenario Since the commercialisation of carbon fibres in the early 1970s, the sporting goods market has been one of the earliest adopters of carbon fibre materials, and even served as a useful testing ground for new materials and processes. The wide variety of manufacturing processes & types of materials available make it impossible to outline each area of usage. The American Composite Manufacturers Association puts the global consumption of carbon fibre materials in sporting goods applications at about 10,000 MT in 2010. This represents about 20 per cent of all the carbon fibres sold globally.

In terms of composite materials consumption, some of the largest volume users of carbon fibre composites are the manufacturers of golf shafts, racquets, skis, snowboards, hockey sticks, fishing rods and bicycles. Of this, golf shafts alone contribute about 40 per cent of the sales volume. This is followed by fishing rods at about 20 per cent of the market volume. In all, the companies that produce advanced composite products in these categories have provided more than 22,220 MT of goods to the world market during 2006 and 2010 period.

Over the past few years, a multitude of factors such as over-capacities, the economic crisis in the West, inventory build-ups and a general decline in sports participation, etc, have resulted in a low growth rate of this industry. During the 2004-2010 period, the US market declined from 22 per cent to 16 per cent, Japan from 10 per cent to 7 per cent. Europe showed a modest increase from 14 per cent to 16 per cent, whereas China showed a dramatic increase from 10 per cent to 30 per cent. Today, Asia constitutes about 60 per cent of the overall production for composites sporting goods.

Moreover, with higher levels of disposable income and the shifting of production facilities to lower production cost-base countries like India, Pakistan, China, Vietnam, etc, will make composites accessible to a much larger audience that has for a long period of time been not able to afford these. Based on this and other innovations, the sporting goods composite market is expected to grow at a rate of 5 per cent on a year-on-year basis in the coming years. The total composites market for sporting applications is expected to reach $ 300.8 million in 2014.

The Indian context The domestic market for carbon fibres and carbon-fibre reinforced sporting goods has remained virtually stagnant due to poor availability, high prevailing prices and lack of support from carbon fibre manufacturers. The consumption of carbon fibres in India is estimated at around 50 MT and this has largely been driven by the defence and aerospace sector. The lack of



guidance in terms of choosing the right material & processing technology and limited carbon composite design expertise have resulted in decimal level growth in the Indian market. In terms of carbon fibre usage, India remains an aberration to the world standard. Companies worldwide engaged in the use and manufacture of composites are today looking at India as a manufacturing base, and to be a part of this global growth, organisations must push towards developing better processing capability, design capability and testing facilities. The cost barrier can only be breached when companies are willing to invest in R&D.

High-performance materials Sports equipment optimisation is a major study area for those researching sports equipment and human factors, a sub-discipline of Human Factors and Ergonomics (HFE). In general, HFE focusses on optimising the interaction of human performers with their work environment. The first generation of sport HFE was focussed on altering the ‘physical fit’ of the equipment to match human capabilities and limitations.

The budding fourth generation of sport HFE is likely to focus on biologically altering or modifying human physical capabilities to maximise the effectiveness of human performance. This to a large extent demands a high degree of design flexibility, performance and tailorable mechanical properties. Carbon fibres offer this capability.

With the ability to offer weight reduction, excellent strength & stiffness, corrosion resistance and excellent fatigue properties, carbon fibres are increasingly becoming the material of choice for sports equipment. Carbon fibre laminates are two times stronger than steel, three times stiffer and five times lighter than steel. This makes it a favourable substance to use in a number of applications where lower weight is an advantage but reduction in strength is not acceptable.

The exceptional properties of composites are resulting in the replacement of traditional materials such as wood and metal in sporting goods applications. In most sporting goods, greater the mechanical strength better the performance and life of the material. With lighter weight, the material is easy to handle and use. Force can be applied with ease and object can be moved around easily. This aspect is particularly important in the case of sporting goods where lightweight allows the player to manoeuvre the shaft or racket with the least amount of force needed. The ability of the material to be moulded into complex shapes and selectively reinforced in areas of maximum stress concentration makes them ideal for sporting goods applications. Carbon fibres also allow the manufacturers of sporting goods to give the end-product a finer and better finish. This adds to the visual appeal and aesthetics of the product.

The reinforced plastics continue to replace wood and metal in sporting goods applications such as in fishing rods, golf shafts, tennis racquets, windsurfing masts, hockey sticks, kites and bicycle handlebars, spars/shafts for kayak paddles, as well as in niche applications, such as fairings for recumbent bikes. These products are manufactured by compression moulding or hand layup, pre-preg layup, wet layup, and injection moulding. The pre-preg & dry fabric-based glass carbon-reinforcements are primarily used along with epoxy resin. Let us look at some of the sports goods using mainly plastics.

Golf shaftsGolf has been one of the early adopters of composites in sporting applications. The shaft used earlier was originally made of steel or costly materials like titanium, but steel had its share of problems. It made the shaft heavy and so it was difficult to use with ease. Another problem with steel is that it loses its original shape after passage of time and also there are minor irregularities on the surface, which in turn leads to cracking after being in use for some time. The rise of the composite golf shaft during the 1980s and 1990s powered a huge increase in the use of carbon fibre-reinforced polymer (CFRP) and addressed a number of problems faced by the conventional steel shafts. Most golf shafts are manufactured using filament winding or pultrusion process, since these processes give higher fibre volume fraction and exceptional material characteristics.

Fishing rodsAnother large application for carbon fibres in sporting goods is fishing rods. These rods need to be both strong and flexible. This demands the use of higher modulus carbon fibres such as Toray M60J and T1000. Majority of the fishing rods today are manufactured in and exported from China. For fishing rods, both sensitivity and strength cannot be compromised. So, carbon Key drivers of global demand will be energy and industrial applications

Thou

and

MT

140

120

100

80

60

40

20

02007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Transportation/Marine

Sporting goods

Infrastructure

Offshore drilling

Industrial

Automotive

Alt. Energy/Wind

Aerospace

Thermoplastics/Electr.Transportation/Marine

Sporting goods



fibres find greater usage in this area. Wood was the main material used for fishing rods earlier. Though wood is the preferred material in the lower end of the product line even now, due to its low cost of manufacturing and low price, it has a disadvantage of being heavy with low tensile strength and has the tendency to crack under heavy loads. Composites brought about a better solution to fishing rod manufacturers and since then have been one of the most extensive consumers of composites among the sporting goods applications.

Racquet sportsRacquet sports mainly cover three types of sporting areas, namely tennis, racquetball, badminton and squash. Tennis racquets have the highest share in the overall composites racquets market, with a marketshare of 80 per cent of all types of racquets sold in the world. The racquet needs to be light and strong, so as to make it easier for the player to carry it, swing it easily and transfer power to ball/shuttlecock with minimum effort and maximum power.

Conventionally, the frames of the racquets were made of wood or steel. Both have a problem of being brittle and getting deformed in shape after prolonged usage. In addition, small irregularities in the hollow steel pipe used or wooden frame cause crack formation easily resulting in eventual destruction of the racquet. To counter these challenges, composites prove as a boon for the racquet manufacturers, particularly providing a solution for the high-end racquets. While weight is reduced, thereby making it easier for the players to swing it with power, it also helps in reducing the surface irregularities, which prevents the development of cracks.

Skis and snowboardsSkis and snowboards manufacturers also benefit from the usage of composites. Bending stiffness and reduced weight are beneficial to skis, snowboards and inline skates. So, while traditionally, skis and

snowboards were made of wood, they were heavy and had many disadvantages like they used to break under slight stress. Moreover, after a certain usage period their shapes would get deformed. So, snowboards and skis manufacturers started using composites to improve upon the physical attributes of skis and snowboards. To increase the strength of the skis and snowboards, carbons are also added to the products on the higher side of the product range.

Hockey sticksField hockey sticks have an end that varies in shape, often depending on a player’s position. Ice hockey sticks are approximately 150-200 cm long, composed of a long, slender shaft and a flat extension at one end called the blade. In addition to weighing less, composite sticks can be manufactured with more consistent flexibility properties than their wooden counterparts. They also do not have the natural variations that wooden sticks possess, therefore a batch of the same sticks will perform roughly the same way.

Baseball batsBaseball bat is still a niche market as far as composites are concerned, but several manufacturers have been using composites for high-end bats in particular. This helps in not only making the bats lighter, but also stronger; and the player finds it easier to hit the ball at greater pace with much less effort on his part. Another major advantage gained by using composite bats is the reduction in vibration, thus it is much comfortable for players to play their shots without any sting felt owing to lesser vibration.

BicyclesCarbon fibres are increasingly gaining popularity in bicycle frames. The exceptional properties of carbon in a frame can be finetuned for specific strength where it is needed (to withstand pedalling forces), while allowing flexibility in other frame sections (for comfort). Custom carbon fibre bicycle frames may even be designed with individual tubes that are strong in one direction (such as laterally), while compliant in another direction (such as vertically). A recent development is the introduction of thermoplastic bicycle frames. These are essentially carbon fibre frames with the fibres embedded in a thermoplastic material rather than the more common epoxy materials.

The future There are a number of other sporting areas, which can benefit from using composites. Golf balls, pole vaults, rugby balls, billiards cue shafts are upcoming applications for composites. The relatively new area of Carbon Nano Tubes (CNTs) offers a world of possibility for new innovations in existing sporting goods manufacturing.

Conclusion Though India has never been a strong contender in this area due to a lack of investment in R&D for composite design, engineering and processing technology, experts believe that the time is right for Indian sporting goods manufacturers to make the necessary investments to compete with China and Vietnam. The availability situation with fibres and resins is also set to improve and this will provide a fillip to the Indian sports goods industry.

Akhil Hebbar is currently responsible for Zoltek’s Sales & Marketing activities in India and South East Asia. His areas of interest are wind energy,

CNG tanks and the infrastructure market in India. Email: [email protected]

The exceptional properties of

composites lead to replacement of

traditional materials in sporting goods.

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Reliable for high performance Polyamide 11

High performance polyamides such as polyamide 11 & 12 are increasingly being used in several engineering applications because of their excellent mechanical, chemical, and resistance properties. The use of polyamide 11 dates back to more than 60 years when it was first employed in textile application in France. It is also widely used for demanding automotive and industrial purposes where other polyamides fail. Read on for more insights...

Dr Simon TING and Mandar Amrute

Polyamides 11 (PA11) and 12 (PA12) are increasingly becoming popular with automotive manufacturers, especially for

under the bonnet application and the fuel delivery system. This is due to the combination of characteristics such as superior mechanical properties and chemical & corrosion resistance, in which engineering polyamides such as PA6 or traditional materials like metal and rubber are lacking.

PA11 and PA12 have been developed by the materials supplier, Arkema – a French chemical company with its headquarter based in Paris – under the brand name Rilsan. PA11 is derived from non-edible oil. It was launched in

1947, initially as an alternative to PA6 and PA66 for use in textile application. However, the advantages of PA11 vis-à-vis PA6 were soon recognised in many other fields, and subsequently employed in many demanding technical applications. On the other hand, PA12 was launched in 1970 and is derived from fossil oil. PA12 shares several common characteristics with PA11; but PA11 offers some specific advantages over PA12 that are critical for more demanding applications.

Difference between high performance and engineering polyamidesPA11 is classified as high performance polyamide because engineering polyamide such as PA6 or PA66 or PA6x

M AT E R I A L C O R N E R


Courtesy: Arkema Inc

M AT E R I A L C O R N E R


exhibit lower levels of PA11 and PA12 have lower melting points than PA6 or PA66. A high melting point usually suggests that it is possible to operate in a high temperature environment. However, in terms of processing, polyamides such as PA11 and PA12 have a wider processing temperature range (200-340oC) compared to 240-300oC for PA6/PA66. This results in more freedom of design, better robustness and lower processing costs. Logically, because of the higher melting points found in engineering polyamides, the deflection temperature specification is higher in relation to PA11/PA12. However, the ability of the engineering polyamides to withstand mechanically higher temperatures does not necessarily mean that their lifetime is longer at high temperature. In fact, data shows opposite trend, meaning that the long-term aging properties are not as high as one would expect (typical aging lifetime at 150oC of PA11 can be as high as 10 times longer than PA66).

Engineering polyamides all have significantly higher rate of larger moisture absorption behaviour than the low water absorption characteristic of PA11 or PA12. This is due to the higher density of amide groups found in engineering polyamides. Higher amide group vary by about 0.33 per

cent. The high moisture absorption rate known to cause some problems in processing (if the materials are not sufficiently dried before processing) and also in the finished product (post-treatment is often necessary such as immersing product in water before usage). In addition, the strong water absorption of low-carbonated polyamides leads to a much lower ability to withstand ageing when exposed to chemical fluids such as coolants or biofuels. PA11 is also less susceptible to salt-induced cracking as compared to PA6 or PA66.

Polyamide 11The key properties of polyamide 11 include:

Excellent chemical & hydrocarbon resistance; and ideal material for gasoline and bio-diesel

Good impact strength & burst strength

Good abrasion & scratch resistance Good flexibility, ideally suitable for

tube formingHigh service temperature can be usedfor continuous usage up to 110

oC*

Good long-term ageing properties Bio-based polyamide made from

vegetable oilPolyamide 11 has been extensively used in India for various industrial, automotive, textile and electrical

applications. The major applications are as follows:

Fuel lines, brake booster and air brake lines for cars and trucks, pneumatic and industrial tubes & hoses

Injection-moulded parts in textile industry like picklers, spacers, etc

Hydraulic and pneumatic connectors, cable sheathing & insulation cables

Sports goods and industrial moulded components

Immense utilityPA11 combines flexibility with resistance to mechanical stress and chemical environment. It outperforms other commodity polyamides when it comes to dimensional stability and stress cracking resistance. It is a unique technical carbon renewable resourced polyamide offering performance and reliability for extremely challenging environments, technical and security applications.

References1. High Performance Non-edible

Vegetable Oil Polyamide 11 – By Simon TING, Automotive Manufacturer Autumn 2008

2. Comparison of Rilsan PA11 & PA12 against other Polyamides, Metal and Rubber – By Simon TING, Nicolas AMOUROUX and Thibaut MONTANARI

3. Rilsan Technical Guide – By Arkema

Simon TING is with Arkema Shanghai. He is automotive expert for application development in under bonnet applications.

Email: [email protected]

Mandar Amrute works with Arkema India for Application & Business Development of Kynar® PVDF in chemical processing industry. He has

experience of more than four years in the field of polymers, masterbatches & additives. Email: [email protected]

Table 1: Basic data for extrusion grade (neat resin without plasticiser, glass fibre nor impact modifier). --: Data not available

Properties Method PA12 PA11 PA10.10 PA6.12 PA6.10 PA6 PA66

Melting point (°C) DSC175-179

185-191

190-200 215 220 220 260

Density(g/cm3) ISOR1183D 1.01 1.03 1.05 1.07 1.08 1.13 1.14Moisture absorption (%) at 100% relative humidity measured at 23°C

1.4 1.9 -- 3 3.5 9.5 9

Heat deflection temperature(°C)

ISO75 110 125 -- 135 150 160 200Under load of 0.45 MPa

Processing temperature range

200°C-270°C

210°C-280°C 250-

300°C250-

300°C260-

300°C280-

330°Cok till 340°C

ok till 340°C

I N J E C T I O N Z O N E


Y R Anand

A systematic preventive maintenance schedule is a valuable productivity tool that can add to one’s monetary

gains by increasing productivity and preventing unwanted breakdowns at production shops. It is also important to pursue preventive maintenance procedures concerning every aspect of the production process. Here let us examine injection moulding process and its elements, apart from the checklist for major machines on a shop-floor.

Injection moulding machineThe preventive measures to be taken for the main equipment related to this process would of course depend on the type of machine – hydraulic, hybrid or electric. Common periodic maintenance checks of all types of machines would include:

Measurement and adjustment of platen parallelism

Checking tie bar for damages Calibrating temperature controllers

(when recommended) Calibrating linear and pressure

transducers General visual inspection Safety check

In case of hydraulic and hybrid machines, typically basic calibration and recording of actual values for different elements like pumps, valves would comprise pressure and flow calibration; pump performance; position adjustment of control valves; and calibration of additional control

valves. All these need to be performed as per the concerned manufacturer’s recommendation for constant high performance of machines.

A critical aspect of these types of machines is the quality of hydraulic oil used, which starts with the oil grades. It has been often observed that when acquiring new types of machines, people do not give due attention to the correct oil grade. If they have been using a particular grade of oil (say of viscosity 68) for a particular machine, then they will order it in bulk amounts and use it for other machines too, which may actually need lower viscosity (of say 46). This results in blockage of most valves & sensitive hydraulic elements; and cleaning those later proves to be a major exercise, leading to wastage of time during start-up itself. Given below are some tips for pursuing preventive maintenance, with respect to different aspects of a machine.

Hydraulic oilIt is easily possible that up to 50 per cent of spare part and repair costs are associated with the hydraulics. Of this, 75 per cent costs can be attributed to contamination and the condition of the oil, which might consist of solid particles, water and air, among other contaminants. Some of the main reasons for hydraulic failure are on account of defective valves & proportional valves, defective pumps and leaks, etc. Most of them can be detected by conducting appropriate tests and calibration procedures,

Tool to ensure productivity gainsPreventive maintenance

The concept of preventive maintenance aims at preserving and enhancing equipment reliability by undertaking constant checks; partial or complete overhauls at specified periods, oil changes and so on. It is no longer an option but a necessity for all types of machinery, including injection moulding equipment, for ensuring cost savings and better productivity.

Courtesy: Krauss Maffei

Courtesy: ARBURG GmbH

Check oil regularly

On line filtration



Courtesy: Krauss Maffei

carried out at the right time, with the results being used prudently.

As part of such maintenance plans, there should be half-yearly testing of oil quality for:

Copper content: An increase in the copper content in oil is an indication of corrosive or abrasive wear. Corrosive wear is determined by means of chemical analysis. Abrasive wear is determined by means of determination of the purity class.

Iron content: An increase in the iron content of the oil is an indication of wear to certain components like pistons, cylinders, pumps and valves. Such components can be replaced before failure occurs in order to prevent consequential damage.

Neutralisation number can determine the acidic content of the oil and relative changes. This is more important and the absolute value is not significant, which means that regular testing is required in order to be able to evaluate the ageing process.

Air release value indicates how quickly air bound-up in the oil can escape again. Due to shorter cycle times (in packaging applications particularly) and the resulting higher oil circulation rates, the oil does not, under certain conditions, have sufficient time to settle in the tank. However, air in the oil results in cavitation and ultimately damages the components.

All these indicate that good oil management is one of the significant

keys to successful preventive maintenance programme. Oil changes should not be performed according to operating hours only, but by taking into account the oil quality.

Filtering the oil regularly is now commonly accepted as part of maintenance programmes. Oil filtration with an additional bypass filtration system is a successful solution for hydraulic systems. The bypass filtration, which can also be retrofitted on existing machines, can work permanently at a low pressure, as it is connected directly to the oil tank. It is independent from the process of the machine.

The small mesh of filter and the low pressure (4 bar) of the integrated pump guarantees a high quality in filtration, through this the hydraulic oil can be used up to 30,000 or more production hours. This will also immediately decrease wear and tear on hardware components like valves, pumps & seals. The process enables constant operation and high repeat accuracy.

New drums of oil are also often heavily contaminated. It is advisable to

filter a new drum of oil before putting it to use in the injection moulding machine. If the number of machines in the moulding shop is over 20, it would be worth investing in a portable filtration system. If not, there are service providers in almost all major production hubs. There are off-line filtration systems and services available in many parts of India. It would seem that electric machines involve less steps compared to hydraulic and hybrid. But, period checks and calibration of the key components like transducers, temperature controllers, etc are essential.

Electric machinesIn electric machines, if the drive system uses timing belts of any kind, they should be subjected to the periodic checks as per manufacturers’ recommendation. Since all electric machines use some kind of toggle clamping systems, it is important to follow the right procedure with the greasing and lubrication of these toggle systems. Special attention must be paid to the lubrication of the toggle elements.

Concept Advantages Disadvantages

ReactiveLow expenditure until

machine failure

Unplanned machine downtimes result in higher costs

(delayed delivery)

PreventiveFewer machine downtimes due to defined, planned maintenance intervals

The residual lifetime of components is not used to

the full

Condition monitoringMaintenance work as

necessary through continual monitoring

High purchase cost of monitoring systems

Bacteria / fungusScaleCorrosion



Most machine manufacturers have a separate circuit for the circulation of lubricating oil/grease in the toggles. Often, this oil needs to be bought only from the machine manufacturer making it expensive. Thus, companies tend to procure some lubricants locally and use it. Any failure arising due to use of improper lubricant will cause the warranty to be void and also may damage the machine. It is thus important to note all these points before the machine is bought.

Cooling waterAnother major check point is water. In the plastics industry, the cycles for cooling water are more and divided in two lines, the tool cycle at temperatures from 6ºC going up to 90ºC and the cooling cycle for the machine hydraulics at a range from 25-35°C. This causes different types of contamination. Depending on the quality of the water and the volumes, scale can be caused by this on the surfaces of temperature transfers. This insulating effect of scale damages components by overheating. It can result in longer cycle times, or in the worst case, can stop the production.

There are two strategies for reducing scale. One is water preparation for reducing the main components of scale, like calcium, magnesium. The second is water treatment, where substances are added to water for inhibiting lime scale.

Typical contaminations Another problem area in water is bacteria and fungus. The insulating effect of biological coatings is much higher than lime & also corrosion can be caused by them, which could lead to further leakage and breakage of hardware components. A full range of circumstances influences the development of bacteria and fungus, mostly temperature, flow rate, nutrient and rough surface. Therefore, a periodical control of the contamination is necessary and the concentration on substances against bacteria and fungus must be adjusted.

On the machine side, it is also important to follow start up and shut down procedures with due consideration to the recommendations of material suppliers and mould/hot runner suppliers. Many moulders ignore even basic procedures like soak time for heating and low pressure for first few shots resulting in damage to moulds, machines, etc. The net result is of course production stoppage, repair costs – all of which means monetary losses.

Mould and hot runner maintenanceHot runners are now ubiquitous at moulding shops in India. Yet, the understanding of this vital element of the mould is completely ignored resulting in heavy production losses. The number of damaged moulds, which are being blamed on defects in hot runners, is mind-boggling. It is vital to remember that hot runner is an extension of the machine nozzle and is a pressure vessel at high temperature. It must be treated with care. Even a so-called simple hot sprue is subjected to the same rules and conditions.

There are many precautions to be taken while starting up and shutting down hot runners. The correct procedure provided by manufacturers of hot runner systems must be followed.

Peripheral equipmentEven peripheral equipment like materials dryers, mixers, mould temperature controllers, robots are all subject to their individual checks; and correct procedures must be maintained.

Annual check-up contracts Many equipment suppliers, particularly injection moulding machine makers offer some kind of check plans. It would be wise to use such plans to keep the machines well tuned. Most modern machines are also equipped with periodic check plans built into the controllers. Some controllers stop the machine, if proper maintenance activity is not carried out, thereby ensuring that procedures are followed according to a set timeline.

In many cases, however, the controllers only provide reminders for critical maintenance activities. The user must guarantee that the activity has in fact been carried out. Failure to do the activity but confirming it on the controller will only cause problems later. This may not be done intentionally to harm the machine, but in those situations when there is a high production load and the operator wants to carry out the maintenance activity later on. This, however, leads to a tendency to forget the activity until it is too late.

Record keepingIt is not enough to just follow recommended procedures. It is also essential to keep meticulous records and use them to study emerging trends. Good record keeping and interpretation can ensure cost savings by predicting what may happen and preventing it before happening. So, the success mantra for proper maintenance of machinery is to keep following the right procedures and earn more by preventing downtimes.

Y R Anand has a Master’s degree in Production Engineering from IIT, Kharagpur. He worked for over nine years in manufacturing

industries in Mumbai. Since 1980, he has been a partner of UNIMARK. The company deals with selling and servicing machines in plastics processing, tooling industry, micro- electronics and wire mesh welding industry. Email: [email protected]

Good oil management is one of the

significant keys to successful preventive

maintenance.

High powered impact on performanceGlass bubbles in engineering polymers

The use of glass bubbles (GB) or microspheres to reduce requirement of expensive base polymer resin is well-known. Also, glass bubbles are proven to enhance various performance properties of polymers. Here we provide an insight into the effect of GB the rheological behaviour of a performance polymer, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene. This effect is captured and presented in the form of changes in the stress-strain patterns and apparent viscosity vs shear rate.

Gaurav Manik, B Arun

The determination of rheological properties, such as, shear stress, apparent viscosity, die swell, and their correlation

with flow properties like flow rate/shear rate, die length to diameter (L/D) ratio is fundamental to develop product formulations with improved processing characteristics. Additionally, the estimation of optimum processing conditions can be determined only through the understanding of the rheological behaviour, expressed in terms of these properties.

Capillary rheometersCapillary rheometers have been widely used to understand the rheological behaviour of various thermoplastics. The applications of capillary rheometers have been further extended to study these characteristics for rubbers. The rheometer has been employed to understand and compare the rheological properties of various grades of microcrystalline cellulose and also the effect of water content in them. The effect of polymer molecular weight, particle size, shear rate and stabiliser has been studied on the thermal degradation of polymers (polyvinyl chloride – PVC – for example) during extrusion through a capillary rheometer. It has been observed that the melt viscosity of the sample controls the sample degradation significantly.

The impact of rheometer parameters (L/D ratio, contraction ratio and capillary diameter) and polymer characteristics (viscosity and compressibility) on the time required for steady state to be attained in polymer melts has also been investigated.

Other studies involve the elastic behaviour of melt LDPE/LLDPE blends during extrusion by studying the end pressure losses and dye swell for varying shear rates. The elastic behaviour of LLDPE melt has been further compared with that of its blends (LLDPE/EVA) for the effect due to blend ratio, compatibilisation and dynamic cross-linking. The dynamic compatibilisation reduces extrudate deformation and fracture, whereas the dynamic cross-linking or vulcanisation increases these.

The effects of reprocessing on the processing behaviour of polymer (different grades of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene – ABS) have also been studied. It has been found that the different polymer grades with varying viscosities exhibit different processing behaviour with increasing number of processing cycles. Given below is a study where the researchers employed rheometers to understand how the various available grades of GB affect the rheological properties of the engineering polymer, ABS.

Understanding glass bubblesGlass bubbles, sometimes termed as microballoons, are engineered hollow


A N A LY T I C A L F O C U S

Figure 1: Snapshot of an advanced capillary rheometer



glass microspheres. They have been preferred over conventional fillers and additives such as silicas, talc, clay, calcium carbonate, etc, to reduce the requirement of the expensive base materials. This is due to the extremely low density (high specific volume) that they possess compared to other conventional fillers. More importantly, these improve the product characteristics, such as, abrasion resistance, chemical stability, water resistance, thermal insulation, increased hardness, reduced warpage/shrinkage, temperature resistance, sandability/machinability, etc. With escalating material costs and higher customer expectations for reducing cost and improving product properties, the use of GB is becoming more prominent in industry.

Special GBs from 3MTM called ScotchliteTM are formulated with chemically stable soda-lime-borosilicate glass. These provide the highest strength to weight ratio, and also the strength to survive higher pressures encountered during processing. For example, 3M has GBs, named S60HS and iM30K that have the potential to survive high processing pressures of the order of 18,000-30,000 psi, encountered during some demanding processes such as injection moulding. Others in K series and S series, eg, K15 & S22 respectively, are suitable for applications where processing pressure requirements are relatively lower. However, due to their relatively lower densities (0.15-0.25 g/cc) compared to stronger ones (density of S60HS, iM30K is ~0.6g/cc), these provide a higher loading per reight for the final product formulation. This is because the GB strength is directly proportional to its density, with low strength GB being less dense than the thicker walled higher-strength GB.

Objective of the studyThe study referred to here has been undertaken to analyse the influence of GB in changing the rheological properties of polymers. It was performed to understand the efficiency of GB to

ease the processing of different polymers. Additionally, the aim is to explore how varying the nature and proportion of GB can change the rheological and structural/mechanical properties of a polymer. The experimental details are as follows:

Materials usedThe study carried out on ABS polymer, as it carries enormous significance industrially. Three types of GBs are employed in this work that include K15, S22 and S60HS. The specific characteristics such as crush strength and density of these GBs are mentioned in Table 1.

Experimental set-upA capillary rheometer, RosandRH7 (from Malvern Instruments), was used to study the shear stress and apparent viscosity changes with alterations in the shear rate. The capillary rheometer measures the flow rate and pressure drop across the capillary of known dimensions. This flow rate is used to measure the shear rate, and pressure drop can be converted to yield a value for the shear stress. The determination of these two values for varying flow rates or pressure

helps determine the flow curve for the required range.

Results and findingsShear stress vs shear strain: A comparison of the shear stress vs. shear strain for ABS with different GB loadings (5 & 10 per cent) has been analysed, for K15, S22 and S60HS, respectively. The comparison for 5 per cent loading for all the polymers indicates that there is no appreciable difference seen among various polymer resins containing different GB. However, a significant and discernible variation is seen for polymers with higher loading (10 per cent), indicating that there is a critical loading beyond which the nature of glass bubbles (crush strength/density) begins to control the processing characteristics of the polymer.

From both the shear stress vs. shear rate and apparent viscosity vs. shear strain curves for similar GB loadings, it is clear that the glass bubbles with low densities (and hence, high specific volume), eg, K15, ease the processing of the polymer much more than those with higher densities (S22 and S60HS). A separate comparison for different GBs indicates that there is no appreciable

Figure 2: Comparison of Shear Stress vs. Shear Rate for (a) 5% and (b) 10% loadings, and Shear Viscosity vs. Shear Rate for (c) 5% and (d) 10% loadings

for different GB grades (K15 (circles), S22 (rectangles) and S60HS (triangles)



effect of loading for the relatively denser GB (S22 and S60HS). However, appreciable differences are seen for the shear stress of GB with high specific volume (eg, K15) at higher shear rates. This can be attributed to the low density of K15 GB and relatively high densities of S22 and S60HS. However, no appreciable difference is observed for shear viscosity change with shear rates.

Extrudate mechanical strength: The extruded fibres from the capillary die were analysed for their strength using an Instron universal testing machine.

The analysis for the S series glass bubbles (S22GB, S60HS) indicate that the strength of base resin, ABS, (represented as both - maximum stress during breakage and average stress) was found to rise with increase in loading. The fibre extension was also found to increase as the loading increased. However, a comparison of results for different series of glass bubbles, K series vs. S series, shows that the effect of increase in loading from 5 per cent to 10 per cent had a significant effect on stress and strain for the K series, as against that for the S series. Additionally, a comparison of the results for maximum and average stress at breakage, between the fibres containing K series and S series GB (with similar GB loadings), with their crush strength, indicates a direct correlation. The ABS fibres that have GBs with higher crush strength indicate higher strength and vice versa. The strain at breakage was also higher for the fibres that contained

GB with higher crush strength. Fibres with higher densities, possessed higher strength than those containing GB with lower densities. Hence, there is a need to optimise the density of the GB (that determines the nature and crush strength) and their loading, to suit the final requirements of fibre properties.

Summing upThe findings of the study conclude that the addition of glass bubbles to polymeric resins is advantageous due to three main reasons. Firstly, their addition before processing helps easing the processability of the polymer. The effect is found to be the same for all GB at lower loadings (5 per cent), however, a significant difference is seen for GBs with higher loadings (10 per cent). Secondly, due to their low densities compared to polymer resin, addition of GB reduces the cost of final product significantly. Lastly, GBs need to be selectively chosen to provide strength to the final product, as GBs with higher crush strength are found to possess higher maximum breaking strength and extensions, however, they improve the polymer processability lesser than those with lower crush strength.

References1. Sombatsompop, N, Tan, M C and

Wood, A K, Polymer Engineering and Science, Vol 37, No. 2, 1997.

2. Sombatsompop, N and Intawong, N-T, Polymer Testing, 24, 2005, 948.

3. Luukkonen, P, Newton, J M, Podczeck, F, Yliruusi, J, International

Journal of Pharmaceutics, 216, 2001, 147.

4. Santamaria, A, Guzmán, G M, Peña, J J, Materials Chemistry, 7, 1982, 347.

5. Leonor, Pérez-Trejo, José Pérez-González, Lourdes de Vargas, Polymer Testing, 20, 2001, 523.

6. Ji-Zhao Liang, Polymer Testing, 21, 2002, 69.

7. Ji-Zhao Liang, Polymer Testing, 19, 2000, 289.

8. Moly, K A, Bhagawan, S S, Thomas, S S, Materials Letters, 53, 2002, 246.

9. Boronat, T, Segui, V J, Peydro, M A, Reig, M J, Journal of Material Processing Technology, 209, 2009, 2735.

10. Sombatsompop, N, Progress in Rubber and Plastics Technology, Vol 15, No. 1, 1999.

11. 3MTM SctochliteTM glass bubbles K & S Series Product Information & 3MTM Microspheres Application Guide, www.3M.com/microspheres

AcknowledgementsThe authors acknowledge Ankit Gargava (B Tech, Chemical Engg) from IIT Kanpur for doing the preliminary literature search and for developing initial understanding on the feasibility of the study.

Gaurav Manik is working with the Technical Department, Innovation Center, 3M India Ltd. He has executed many important projects involving

product development activities in the field of security systems, commercial graphics, automotive, medical, dental and polymer related divisions at 3M India. Email: [email protected]

B Arun is with the Technical Department, Innovation Center, 3M India Ltd. He has ten years experience in the field of R&D, manufacturing,

technical services and product development. Email: [email protected]

Properties of glass bubbles employed in the work

Glass Bubble Grade

Target Crush Strength (90% Survival, psi)

True Density,Minimum-Maximum

(Average) (g/cc)

K15 300 0.13-0.17 (0.15)

S22 400 0.19-0.25 (0.22)

S60HS 18000 0.57-0.63 (0.60)

Functional training

Initiatives aim at preventing or correcting problem areas at every level, be it personal or business. All those who take initiatives move in the right direction in terms of achieving their respective goals. However, the catch lies in deciding on the best solution, its appropriateness and feasibility. Here are more insights…

M Hariharan

C reating customer value is the aim of every organisation. To fulfill the purpose, the processes need to be aligned

consistently. But it is ultimately people who can enable this alignment. The people who are aware of the purpose and align themselves to the processes work towards ensuring customer value. This alignment of people to process and purpose will enable sustained prosperity of an organisation.

Performance management systems, communication & training – both on the job and offline – are major enablers of this process of alignment. Employees working in an organisation for a reasonably long period have to upgrade their skills in sync with the changing times. The importance of functional

training for existing employees to ensure sustainability is discussed here.

Process of training initiativesMany organisations follow a four-stage methodology for imparting training to employees. It includes training need identification; grouping the employees based on the needs; developing a training calendar; and imparting training. There is a fifth stage that revolves around measuring training effectiveness, which is normally a formality.

Training need identification: Generally, divisional heads identify the training needs. The needs are predominantly driven by the micro-level skill gaps, rather than a clear understanding of the organisational requirement. For example, if the need identified is financial acumen, it is important to look at the relevant aspects. Financial acumen falls under a broad heading. What one needs to understand is whether it is a skill to understand decisions better, or it is a skill to understand contracts or negotiate the commercial terms. A generic financial acumen will end up training the employee on portfolio management.

Grouping the employees based on the needs: If employees are chosen randomly, it results in having a heterogeneous mix of audience in the training session. Here lies the significance of grouping people according to the requirements.

Developing a training calendar: The process is more of a compromise rather than a plan. It is a compromise, as the training is planned based on

Aligning people, process, purpose

M A N A G E M E N T M A N T R A S



M A N A G E M E N T M A N T R A S

the availability of the trainer and the participants. It is not a plan, as the phasing out of the training schedule is not based on the logical sequencing of the programmes.

Imparting training: Flaws in the process on the trainer identification are many – a gaping hole in the process is the lack of clarity on who should impart the training – internal or external faculty. Cost is the major determinant in this process. If there is a critical mass, the training is conducted in-house. The trainers are given unclear goals about the training programme. Getting the right participants is another tough task for a training manager.

Measuring training effectiveness: Getting the feedback from participants on the trainer, the programme content and administrative facilities are not the only factors for training effectiveness. How the inputs should be used and how it has been used determine training effectiveness.

Alignment to the strategic focus of the organisationFor a training initiative to be effective, it has to be aligned to the strategic focus of the organisation. Any initiative in a particular domain of a business has to have a strategic intent. So let us go back to the training methodology or process described earlier and see what can be done to make the training initiative effective and sustainable.

Training need identification: The first stage is the same. But the process has to be top-down first instead of bottom-

up. What direction an organisation intend to take in the next two or three years should be the starting point for this step. In-house training is the best way to take the trainees through the journey of alignment to the strategic intent. The need identification can be done with an external consultant, who will act as an animator of the thinking process. The external consultant should be given the orientation of the organisational focus. This consultant has to interact with various levels of the organisation to develop a plan with the training department. The employees are to be identified for the next level of growth in consultation with the departmental heads. The specific skillsets required are to be taken into account.

Grouping the employees based on the needs: This is similar to the earlier process. But the difference is that grouping has to be based on the similar skills requirement. Communication skill for a marketing person and the similar skill for a foreman are differently oriented. Hence, the grouping has to be based on the detailed description of skills. The trainer (both internal and external) should interact with the participants before designing the programme content.

Developing a training sequence: A training calendar cannot be based on the availability of the participants and the trainer. With a commitment from the top management, the training dates are to be ‘non-negotiable’. It has to be logically sequenced with linkages created across various training programmes customised for the employees.

Imparting training: As mentioned earlier, the employees are to be made available for the training on the set ‘non-negotiable’ dates. The training should be both theoretic and hands-on at the workplace. It should have an appropriate mix of in-house & external faculty and ensure that the take-away from the training that was articulated in the first stage is fulfilled.

Measuring training effectiveness: Feedback system involving the trainee and his superior over the next three- or six-month period is critical for measuring the training effectiveness. The feedback includes changes in the workplace brought in by the trainee, changes in his relationship (for better) and its consistency.

ConclusionTraining needs discussed here is primarily applicable for functional training and job-specific soft skills training. Outbound training initiatives for team building & motivational training; sending employees for generic training outside for ‘a look at other practices’ & networking; training on new areas; training of new and lateral entrants for orientation are also relevant and need to be conducted for reaping better benefits.

M Hariharan practises consultancy in the field of cost management, lean thinking, constraint management, management control system and business excellence as

Founder Director at Savoir Faire Management Services. Email: [email protected]

Aligning to the strategic focus

Training

Learning & growth

Stategic focus

Process of training deployment

Training need identification

Grouping based on needs

Develop a training calendar

Impart training

Measuring training effectiveness

E V E N T S C A L E N DA R


PLASTAVENUES Summit 2011The first edition of PlastAvenues Summit 2011 aims to build green plastics & sustainability in India, and help the plastics fraternity leverage the potential in this segment. The sessions will include opportunities in biopolymers and biodegradables, plastics waste management etc; March 18, 2011; at Novotel, Juhu, Mumbai

For details contact:Sundeep NadkarniHead – Conference DevelopmentTex Centre Premises, 2nd floorHDFC Compound, Chandivali, Andheri (E)Mumbai - 400072Tel: 022 42081715, Mobile: 09819559459E-mail: [email protected]: www.plastavenuesummit.com

Petrochemical Conference on Engineering PlasticsWith India becoming an automotive hub, engineering plastics demand is expected to rise globally, driven by the ongoing replacement of metal parts with ABS, polycarbonate and nylon. This conference will highlight trends and opportunities in motor vehicles, medical products and construction through largest volume types and leading gains from polycarbonate; April 14, 2011, Hyatt Regency, Mumbai

For details contact:Heital YaagnikPolymerupdate.com344, A–Z Industrial Estate,G K Marg, Lower Parel,Mumbai – 400013Tel: +91-22-30408821/25 Fax: +91-22-30408826

Email: [email protected]: www.pgpc.co.in

Automotive Plastics India 2011This conference will be an exclusive chance to learn about new materials, novel processing techniques and manufacturing techniques, unique and latest emerging technologies, market dynamics and new business guidelines for automotive plastics. It will enhance networking opportunities with several professionals, key decision-makers, industry experts, business executives, and leading professionals from the OEMs; April 29, 2011, The Lalit, Mumbai

For details contact:Cerebral Business Research Pvt LtdG-80, Lower Ground FloorLajpat Nagar-1New Delhi – 110024Tel: 011 3190 9988 / 3190 9977 Fax: 011 2982 0180 E-mail: [email protected]:www.cerebralbusiness.com/autoplast2011

Plastex CaspianThis is an international trade exhibition for raw materials, equipment, plastics & rubber production and processing technologies. This is the 1st edition of the show; May 25-27, 2011; at the International Exhibition Centre, Pune

For details contact:GiMA International Exhibition Group GmbHMathias Lauk, CEOLübeck Str 128 D-22087 Hamburg Tel: +49 (0)40 2 35 24-0 Fax: +49 (0)40 2 35 24-400

E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.gima.de

Eastern Plastic & Rubber ExpoThis exhibition is expected to be the platform for modern machinery, materials, and accessories segments; to understand their need and demands. The four-day international exhibition will showcase the entire spectrum of products, latest trends, technology, equipment and services in its chosen sector; June 16-19, 2011; at TBA, Kolkata

For details contact:Nayan Dhayani, DirectorD-43 Clover Centre, 7- Moledina Road Camp, Pune Tel: 020 40068318/32911450Mob: 09371025233, Fax: 020 26054870E-mail: [email protected]: www.vnbindia.com

PET+Drink TECH ASIA 2011The fifth edition of this international exhibition and seminar will showcase the entire spectrum of products, latest trends, technology, equipment and services in PET, drinks and liquid processing, filling & packaging related sector; August 27-29, 2011; at Milan Mela Exhibition Centre, Kolkata

For details contact:SK BhardwajScf 172-A, First Floor Grain Market Sector-26 ChandigarhTel: 0172 2795067Mob: 09216129027E-mail: [email protected]/

National

India’s premier industrial trade fair on products and technologies related to Machine Tools, Hydraulics & Pneumatics, Process Machinery & Equipment, Automation Instrumentation, Packaging & Auxiliaries, IT Products, Electrical & Electronics, Material Handling and Safety Equipment.

For details contact:

Infomedia 18 Ltd, Infomedia 18 Ltd, Ruby House, 1st Floor, J K Sawant Marg, Dadar (W), Mumbai 400 028.

Tel: 022 3003 4651 • Fax: 022 3003 4499 • Email: [email protected]

Chennai Tamil Nadu

Mar 11-13, 2011Chennai Trade Centre

AhmedabadGujarat

Oct 14-17, 2011Gujarat University Exhibition Hall

PuneMaharashtra

Nov 18-21, 2011Auto Cluster Exhibition Centre

IndoreMadhya Pradesh

Jan 6-9, 2012Poddar Plaza, Nr Gandhi Hall

E V E N T S C A L E N DA R


Plastec South 2011This will be a platform for plastics industry professionals to explore the best products, technologies and services in the global plastics industry. It will focus on the primary processing machinery, CAD/CAM/CAE solutions, materials, mould components, handling/logistics, etc; March 16-17, 2011; at Orange County Convention Centre, Orlando, Florida, USA

For details contact:UBM Canon11444 W. Olympic BoulevardLos AngelesCalifornia-90064-1549Tel: 310/445-4200Fax: 310/996-9499Email: [email protected]: www.PLASTECsouth.com

Asia Masterbatch 2011This programme will cover a number of areas like raw materials, machinery, market trends and customer developments to provide an international forum for all companies involved in the Asian masterbatch business; March 28-30, 2011; at Swissotel The Stamford, Singapore

For details contact:Adele BrownSenior Conference OrganiserApplied Market ResearchBristol, United KingdomTel: +44 (0) 117 924 9442Fax: +44(0)117 989 2128Email: [email protected]: www.amiplastics.com

European Coatings Show 2011The European Coatings Show featuring adhesives, sealants and construction chemicals is one of the leading exhibitions for the international paints industry held every two years. The aim of this exhibition is to bring together all coating professionals under one

roof; March 29-31, 2011; at Exhibition Centre, Nürnberg, Germany

For details contact:NürnbergMesse GmbHMessezentrum, Nürnberg, GermanyTel: +49 (0) 9 11. 86 06-0Fax: +49 (0) 9 11. 86 06-82 28Website: www.european-coatingsshow.comEmail: [email protected]

Polymers in Photovoltaics 2011This conference will bring together top materials experts, module component manufacturers to discuss the best materials and manufacturing technologies for the solar industry. It is an opportunity to network with a range of professionals who work with and produce photovoltaic systems worldwide; April 12-14, 2011; at Maritim Hotel, Cologne, Germany

For details contact:Dr Sally HumphreysBusiness Development ManagerApplied Market Information Ltd AMI House, 45-47 Stokes Croft Bristol, United KingdomTel: +44 117 924 9442 Fax: +44 (0) 117 311 1534Email: [email protected]: www2.amiplastics.com

Bangla Plast 2011This international fair seeks to explore the latest inventions & research for the plastics industry. It will enable entrepreneurs in the Indian subcontinent to consolidate and strengthen their business opportunities globally; April 20-23, 2011; at Bangabandhu International Conference Centre, Dhaka, Bangladesh For details contact:KMG Business Technology AhmedabadGujarat, IndiaTel: 079 26851511/079 3241 0602Fax: +91 79 2685 1716

Email: [email protected]: www.kmgindia.com

CHINAPLAS 2011The largest plastics and rubber trade fair in Asia, CHINAPLAS has evolved as an ideal business partner of the region’s surging speciality polymers industry. CHINAPLAS will serve as a platform to network with all the application sectors like automotives, construction, electrical & electronics, etc, May 17-20, 2011; at the China Import & Export Fair Pazhou Complex, Guangzhou, PR China

For details contact:Lillian TseAdsale Exhibition Services Limited6th Floor, 321 Java Road, North Point, Hong KongTel: (852) 2516 3374Fax: (852) 2516 5024Email: [email protected]: www.chinaplasonline.com

Interplas 2011This international event is aimed at showcasing the European polymer industry. It will feature the latest machinery & equipment for processing and converting polymers; September 27-29, 2011; NEC, Birmingham, United Kingdom

For details contact:Jenna ReidPlastics Multimedia Communications LtdUnit 2, Chowley Oak LaneTattenhallCheshireUnited KingdomTel: +44 (0) 1829 770037 Fax: +44 (0) 1829 770047 Email: [email protected] Website: www.britishplasticsshow.com

International

The information published in this section is as per the details furnished by the

respective organiser. In any case, it does not represent the views of

Business Insights •Technologies•Opportunities

R E P O R T

Networking through knowledge exchangeThe plastics industry in India has grown phenomenally and this growth story was reflected in the success of the recently held PLASTIVISION INDIA 2011. The event emphasised the industry’s progress, and once again proved India’s potential as an emerging market for plastics and machinery. It also provided a plethora of opportunities to entrepreneurs in India for consolidating and strengthening their trade globally. A report…

Beverley Lewis

The Indian plastics industry has big market potential and is steadily prospering. The potential of this industry is also propelling the

subsequent growth of other associated industries. Taking a note of this growth, the All India Plastics Manufacturers’ Association (AIPMA) held the 8th PLASTIVISION INDIA (PVI 2011), one of the largest exhibitions for the plastics industry. It offered opportunities for market players to explore this booming market through an ideal networking platform for both manufacturers and visitors. The exhibition was held from January 20-24, 2011, at Bombay Exhibition Centre, Goregaon in Mumbai.

Inauguration ceremonyNiu Qingbao, Consul General of People’s Republic of China; Dr Seo-

hang Lee, Consul General of the Republic of Korea and Paul Jukes, President, British Plastics Federation, were the honourable guests at the ceremony. The Chief Guest for the inauguration was Ashok Goel, President, Plastindia Foundation.

During the inauguration, Qingbao expressed that China and India can and should be partners in the plastics industry. He emphasised on the need for more machinery to manufacture a large amount of plastic products, which is experiencing a short supply in India. Qingbao suggested that Chinese manufacturers of plastics machinery are ready to help through joint ventures and MoUs.

BackgrounderPLASTIVISION INDIA is one of the largest plastics exhibitions in the country organised by AIPMA, with the support of the Government of

PLASTIVISION INDIA 2011

R E P O R T


Members of AIPMA with guests from the People’s Republic of China and Republic of Korea

R E P O R T

India; Ministry of Chemicals & Fertilizers; Plastics Export Promotion Council of India; Plastindia Foundation; Indian Institute of Packaging; and various state governments. It is held triennially as an international event aimed at promoting the plastics industry. The latest edition of the exhibition proved India’s potential as an emerging market for plastics & machinery and also offered considerable opportunities to entrepreneurs in India for growing their business and expanding trade globally.

Talking about the exhibition, Yogesh Shah, President, AIPMA, said, “Today, we are living in the plastic age. At no given point of time, we can live without plastics; hence it is extremely important to know how and where to use them. Considering the two aspects, namely the growing sector and environmental concerns or rather the myths related to plastics, we at PVI 2011 had incorporated the relevant discussions through Green Pavilion and PLASTICA.”

Ajay Desai, Chairman, PLASTIVISION INDIA 2011, asserted, “We attempted to ensure hall-wise participation to provide visitors with focussed spectrum exhibitors and better business options.”

Increased participationIn terms of exhibitor participation, a 58 per cent rise was witnessed at PVI 2011. The exhibition saw the participation of 1,000 exhibitors from 17 countries spread across the 5 halls at the exhibition centre. The exhibition covered a gross area of 55,000 sq mt, making this the largest trade fair ever held in Mumbai.

An elated Shah said, “Such an increase in both the number of visitors who participated and the business generated clearly states and signifies the growth of the Indian plastics industry. The per capita consumption that is likely to double in next 5 years from 8 kg currently portrays the huge demand expected within this industry. For instance, the automobile industry has seen a growth of almost 35 per cent and when such industries surge, the demand for plastics is bound to increase.” He further added, “We are extremely pleased and overwhelmed with the response we received for the 8th PLASTIVISION and are confident that our next exhibition in the year 2014 will be bigger in terms of size and offerings.”

On the success of the exhibition, Desai commented, “The 8th PVI 2011 has been a satisfying and pleasing experience for us. All the exhibitors, including international and national, large, medium and small sized companies finalised business deals. Following this success, we are now being truly recognised as a ‘global exhibition for plastics industry’. All our efforts are being truly fulfilled and we are glad to see the smiling faces of our exhibitors. The exhibitors have shown great enthusiasm and have assured their participation for the next edition scheduled to be held in 2014.”


R E P O R T


Girish Handigol, Head – PPM Marketing, L&T Plastics Machinery Ltd, said, “PLASTIVISION is a platform to showcase our technological developments and introduce new products. We have been a part of PLASTIVISION right from its inception and we have seen it grow to its current substantial and immaculate stature over the years. This year in particular, we have had huge number of visitors thronging our stalls, which was encouraging. The exhibition was graced by good quality visitors that resulted in genuine business enquiries and new business leads. When compared to last year, our business has grown from 30-40 per cent and all our products have been well appreciated. We have received orders for all our products. PLASTIVISION being the second-largest trade fair for the plastics industry in the country, we had high expectations from it, and the exhibition has only exceeded those.”

Going green The Green Pavilion attracted a lot of attention from both visitors and exhibitors alike, as it brought to light one of the most highly discussed issues – plastics and its effects on the environment. Visitors were educated on how smart use of plastics can help save the environment. There was also a live demo on plastic recycling, products that could be made out of used plastics, among others.

During the five days, various seminars were held at the exhibition, of which a major one was on ‘Indian Plastic Industry Vision 2020’. The panel comprised eminent personalities from the plastics industry and its allied sector, which included names like Dr U K Saroop from Reliance Industries; Y R Anand from Unimark; Parasuraman from Allied Solutions; and many other prominent experts.

AIPMA, on a parallel line, also undertook initiatives to educate the young generation about the importance of plastics in our daily life and about its safe disposal to protect our environment. It took a long leap by undertaking an all-India school level essay competition. The topic for the essay was ‘Life in the Plastics Era’. There was a huge response to this from across the country and 12 winners, 3 from each zone were finalised.

Business opportunities AIPMA and British Plastics Federation (BPF) signed an MoU to promote development of plastics industries in India and the United Kingdom on the basis of equality and mutual benefit of the two parties.

With this MoU, both AIPMA and BPF will work towards contributing to the mutual economic development of India & UK and foster a common approach between the two countries for the evolution of the global plastics industry. Commenting on this, Peter

Davis, Director General, BPF, said, “We are delighted to have signed this MoU with AIPMA. We feel that our very first visit PVI 2011 has been a success, and with this agreement, we hope to build a co-operation between our associations and member companies. We can leverage great advantage by means of exchanging information for bettering our business approach, dealing with environmental and energy problems, and promoting education & training”.

This MoU will increase co-operation & communication, share information & increase awareness on technology, markets and environmental issues between the two countries. Desai stated, “This MoU signifies that it is a step towards globalisation. It will be a partnership for exchange of technology from West to East and help the Indian companies service their requirements. Through this MoU, there will be immense knowledge sharing between the two countries through seminars, conferences and exhibitions. Also, this partnership will provide Indian companies a great opportunity to showcase their offerings and services at the Interplas Exhibition, which is one of the biggest exhibitions in the world for the plastics industry.” To this, Jayesh Rambhiya, Vice-President, AIPMA, added, “The success of PLASTIVISION has strengthened the brand AIPMA and has attracted BPF to join hands with it, thereby opening new opportunities for members.”

Members of AIPMA attending the inaguration Recycling plant at the Green Pavilion

B O O K S H E L F

The book includes better values of properties that have already been reported; properties not reported in time for the earlier edition, and entirely new properties that are becoming important for modern polymer applications. This edition covers 217 total polymers, 20 of which are all-new, particularly in high-technology areas such as electrical conductivity, non-linear optical properties, microlithography, nanophotonics, and electroluminescences. Examples of specific polymers include silsesquoxane ladder polymers, ‘foldamer’ self-assembling polymers, and block copolymers.

Also the handbook presents standardised, readily accessible tabular format concise information on the syntheses, structures, properties, and applications of the most important polymeric materials currently in industrial use or under study for potential new industrial or academic applications. The maximum consistency possible has been established for properties with regard to format, terminology, notations, and units. However, not all properties are applicable to all polymers contained in this handbook; some properties may not even be relevant for certain polymer classes. The unusual properties, if any, exhibited by each polymer (such as electroluminescence or conductivity, for example) are clearly indicated. With a list of references this book makes accessible a wealth of essential data for students, teachers, researchers, professionals in chemical engineering, and technologists as a reference source on polymers and their properties.

Polymer Data HandbookSecond EditionEditor : James E Mark Price : `8, 625

Epoxy polymers are one of the most versatile materials belonging to both the thermosetting plastics and the thermoplastic families. The thermosetting plastics are produced by a cure process, in which liquid precursors are converted into the final solid material by a polymerisation reaction. It is one of the rare books that focus on new developments and innovations in the field, international experts from industry and academia present almost everything scientists need to know. The first section provides general concepts of the synthesis and properties of epoxy polymers and serves as a basis for the subsequent chapters. The second section includes new types of epoxy polymers recently commercialised or not yet present on the market, while the third section includes chapters related to the capacity of generating controlled nanostructures in epoxy-based materials. A fourth section is devoted to innovations in epoxy-based materials such as adhesives, coatings, pre-pregs, structural foams, injection-moulded products and self-healing epoxies. Concluding remarks and perspectives are discussed in a short final section.

The result is a reference source, collecting scientific and technological breakthroughs otherwise spread throughout many reports.

The book aims to describe and analyse the perspectives of commercial use of the new materials and innovations in the field of epoxy polymers developed in recent years.

Epoxy Polymers: New Materials and InnovationsEditors : Jean-Pierre Pascault, Roberto J J WilliamsPrice : ̀ 10, 300

Wisdom Book Distributors, Hornby Building, 1st floor, 174, D N Road, Mumbai 400 001Tel: 022-2207 4484/6631 8958 • Telefax: 022-2203 4058 • Email: [email protected]

B O O K S H E L F


Dear Reader,

‘Modern Plastics & Polymers’ solicits original, well-written, application-oriented, unpublished articles that

reflect your valuable experience and expertise in the plastics & polymers industry.

You can send us Technical Articles, Case Studies and Product Write-ups. The length of the article should not

exceed 3000 words, while that of a product write-up should not exceed 200 words.

The articles should preferably reach us in soft copy (either E-mail or a CD). The text should be in

MS Word format and images in 300 DPI resolution & JPG format.

The final decision regarding the selection and publication of the articles shall rest solely with

‘Modern Plastics & Polymers’. Authors whose articles are published will receive a complimentary copy of that

particular issue and an honorarium cheque.

Published by Infomedia 18 Ltd, ‘Modern Plastics & Polymers’ is the leading monthly magazine exclusively

meant for producers and user fraternities of the plastics industry. Well supported by a national readership

of over 80,000 and our strong network of 26 branch offices across India, this magazine reaches out to

key decision makers among the Indian manufacturers of plastics products, machinery and allied sectors.

Brought out in association with Hong Kong-based Ringier Trade Media Ltd (one of the world’s largest trade

publishing houses with more than 200 special interest titles and offices in every major country), it ensures

that advertisers are able to promote their products and services across the globe at no extra cost.

So get going and rush your articles, write-ups, etc…

Thanking you,

Yours sincerely,

An invite that rewards as well...

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P R O D U C T U P DAT E


Injection moulding machineAmrut Brothers offers ABH series vertical plunger type plastic injection moulding machine. It is equipped with a hydraulic system for mould locking/opening & injection/rifling by a lever-operated valve. It comes with a two-zone digital temperature controller and consumes less power. A digital timer operates the locking & injection system. This machine is available in manual, semi-automatic as well as fully automatic mode. It is

also provided with an adjustable automatic hydraulic hopper. It comes with digital shot counter and emergency stop push button. The company also offers vertical screw type fully automatic injection moulding machine, bakelite/rubber fully automatic compress moulding press machine and vertical screw type fully automatic Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) footwear moulding machine, among others.

Amrut BrothersAhmedabad - GujaratTel: 079-2292 8163, Fax: 079-2292 8163Mob: 09824093682Email: [email protected]

Connector

Katlax Enterprises’ Interface Products Group (IPG) offers various connectors, connectors with cables and interface products which help in connecting various types of sensors to different types of cable trees or amplifier and controller units which make automation systems. The test

facilities include micro ohm meter, insulation and high voltage tester as well as routine automatic tester for mass production needs. With an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system and programmable length cable cutting machine customized cable lengths which help in reducing waste can also be supplied by this group. These are time saving, there is no skilled electrician needed to change a device as it becomes as versatile as a PCB & can be replaced by anyone. These are environment friendly and reduce carbon foot print by preventing scrapping cables. These are automation friendly and can be better used for higher levels of control. After replacement the wiring does not become worse as it is not affected. In the old system, due to lack of proper dressing components wiring after such replacement becomes shabby and unreliable.

Katlax Enterprises Pvt LtdGandhinagar - GujaratTel: 02764-286 784/85, Fax: 02764–286 793Email: [email protected]

CAM follower

NMT Group offers stud-type CAM followers. These are with standard and eccentric stud cage/needles guided cylindrical/crowned outer race, grease filled ready to use. Holes for grease nipple and plug fitting are provided. CAM followers can be used as full complement bearings and can take heavier loads at a lower speed. These are grease lubricated, maintenance free, and has slight gap adjustment by eccentric. These are applicable in all medium and heavy industries.

NMT GroupAhmedabad - GujaratTel: 079-2282 1527Fax: 079-2282 0214Mob: 09328271660Email: [email protected]

PVC compounding unitMalik Engineers, offer MEWR-PVC series extrusion units for manufacturing Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) granular compound from dry blend. Full machine comprises one single screw extruder complete with heaters, motor, screw & barrel set, multi-hole die-plate, one water cooling tank, pelletiser and a seperate control cabinet for complete machine. The screw and barrel are duly nitrided for long life and screw geometry is designed for PVC compounding application ,to impart proper mixing to the compound and controlled shear to prevent overheating of melt. A separate model is available which is provided with single vent port & suitable vacuum pump, to remove any volatiles and moisture/air from the compound to produce pellets free from pin holes and air entrapped. The temperature control panel is provided with electronic solid-state controllers with suitable sensors to maintain the set temperature accurately and additionally, air blowers are mounted beneath the barrel to force cool the same in event the temperature overshoots limits. This is essential on account of extremely heat sensitive nature of PVC material. The machine is offered in screw sizes from 50mm to 100mm having corresponding output capacities of 30 kgs and 150 kgs/hr.

Malik EngineersThane - MaharashtraTel: 0250-239 0839, Fax: 022-2883 0751Email: [email protected]



Photoelectric sensorLubi Electronics offers 'EQ-34W' dual output adjustable range reflective photoelectric sensor. This sensor is a specialised sensor for detecting two different levels or surface for up to 2 m sensing range. The sensor contains two individual outputs for two sensing distances: far (main) and near (sub). The detectability of the sensor is stable even if the lens is contaminated by dirt, dust, mist or smoke under an unclear environment. It has IP67 protection so it can be used in places splashed with water. The main benefit of the sensor is non-contact type detection of the object with two different level outputs which is suitable for packaging, pharma and food processing industries. Typical application of the sensor includes detection of level (upper & lower) in hopper, etc.

Lubi ElectronicsAhmedabad - GujaratTel: 079-2220 5471Fax: 079-2220 0660Email: [email protected]



Plastic brightner/shinerPlast Fine Polymers offers plastic brightners/shiners/whitener for natural transparent, coloured and milky-white end-products. This is used for adding clarity and gloss finish to natural transparent polymers. It gives a

shining and bright finish to end-products. This brightner/whitener removes yellowness and dullness from the end products and makes it super milky-white. This product is used in virgin, second, dull, natural or milky-white sutli, ropes, twine, reprocess granules, High-density Polyethylene, Low-density Polyethylene, Polyvinyl chloride (HDPE-LDPE-PVC) pipes & profiles, box strap, PET jars, spoon, container, carry bags, liners, sheet, yarns and other end products. One of the main advantages of this product is that it saves excess use of white pigments and titanium dioxide for opaque end products.

Plast Fine PolymersAhmedabad - GujaratTel: 079-6524 2332Mob: 098255 87152Email: [email protected]



High pressure compressorComp-Tech Equipments offers high pressure compressor for Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) blowing. Its features are valve piston & rider rings designed for annual one time maintenance, low RPM & rugged cast iron design ideal for heavy duty continues 24x7 operating year after year, forged crank shaft & connecting rod, precision main & crank pin bearings with force feed lubrication have very high load bearing capacity & hardly needs replacements. Two throw balance-opposed frames are design to minimise unbalanced forces. Cylinders constructed with large cast-in-water jackets & specially designed intercoolers for dimensional stability & better cooling under continue operation. Distance pieces feature two compartments ensuring the lubricant isolated from the cylinders. All components are constructed in accordance with international standards. The standard package includes a compact skid mounted compressor, belt guard, electric motor, starter and control panel, after cooler, non return valve with optional air dryer, compressed air filter and air receiver.

Comp-Tech Eqipment LtdAhmedabad - GujaratTel: 079-2220 1296, Mob: 09825039768Email: [email protected]



Temperature controllerMicroprocessor-based temperature controllers manufactured by Wavetronics are available in single or double display. These temperature controllers have supply voltage of 220 V AC with input Resistance Temperature Detector (RTD). Salient features include: output: relay contact or Solid State Relay (SSR),

alarm contact or buzzer; cooling application; range of -99.09-100.0; temperature setting lock as per range adjustable in set mode; alarm high 0.3-10.0 adjustable; alarm low 0.3-10.0 adjustable; alarm mute by decrement key; hysteresis 0.2 or 2-25.oc adjustable; defrost cycle start temperature adjustable; defrost on time 0-250 minute; defrost off time 0-9999 minute; defrost on indication by DP blinking; defrost on time count down indication (double display); defrost on time count down indication by enter key (single display); manual defrost by pressing increment key for 5 second; delay 0-10 minute adjustable; open display if sensor breaks; relay trip if sensor breaks or connection opens; and calibration error correction by front key switch.

WavetronicsAhmedabad - GujaratTel: 079-2281 1329, Fax: 079-2281 1519Mob: 09327003425Email: [email protected]



Extruder for reprocessing and compounding nylon/delrinMalik Engineers offers single screw extruder for reprocessing and compounding of hygroscopic materials like nylon, delrin, polycarbonate, etc. The MEWRV series extrusion units consits of extruder provided with large L/D ratio and single/multiple vents on the barrel through which the moisture and other volatiles are expelled out before extrusion through the die. The vent ports can also be used, in some cases, to introduce various additives or compounding ingredients into the basic polymer. The Extruder is fitted with multi-hole die-plate for extruding strands of plastic which are led through water trough for cooling the strands and finally through suitable Pelletiser which continously chops down the continous strands in small pellets (granules).The Extruder is fitted with carefully designed screw & barrels to ensure that the polymer is at low pressure in the decompression zones to avoid blockage of material in vent holes. With vented barrels and specially designed de-compression type screws with which these Extruders are fitted, it is possible to produce moisture-free compounds with higher bulk density.The machine is manfuactured in screw sizes of 50, 65, 75, 90mm with corresponding outputs of 25 Kg, 40 Kg, 60 Kg and 80 Kg per hour, respectively.

Malik EngineersThane - MaharashtraTel: 0250-239 0839, Fax: 022-2883 0751Email: [email protected]

Flexiguard grommet ring

Novoflex offers Flexiguard grommet rings. These are designed to simply snap into holes and protect wires and cable cords against damage from sharp edges. These flexible rings, made from special purpose PVC also insulate holes in steel sheets and offer superior resistance against fluids, mineral oils, aromatic fuels, vegetable oils, ozone and ageing. They can withstand temperatures ranging from -25ºC to +70ºC and are available in standard color of black. They are available in eleven different sizes.

Novoflex Marketing Pvt Ltd Kolkata - West BengalTel: 099031 63634, Fax: 033-2229 7814Email: [email protected]

Push rivet

Novoflex introduces push rivets which are designed to hold together two or more panels securely, attractively and economically. They are suitable for fastening most materials including metal, wood, hardboard, rubber, glass, plastic etc. Due to special design wings they have excellent mechanical properties. The push rivets can withstand temperatures ranging from -25ºC to +85ºC and are available in standard colour of black. They are available in two different sizes.

Novoflex Marketing Pvt LtdKolkata - West BengalTel: 099031 63634, Fax: 033-2229 7814Email: [email protected]



ControllerKatlax Enterprises’ Controllers and instrumentation group (CIG) offers controllers. These controllers are optimally matched to sensors and do first level processing. Level sensor, limit controller, transducer, display units are some of the basic units that are available for various sensing devices. This group works closely with users to design and develop

new controllers for special needs of customers. Temperature, humidity, pressure (absolute and differential), distance, speed etc are some of the variables which can be measured, displayed and controlled by various controllers and display devices. Various special products like electronic seal monitoring system, level controller are readily designed to meet specific needs of logistics industry in recent past.

Katlax Enterprises Pvt LtdGandhinagar - GujaratTel: 02764-286 784/85Fax: 02764–286 793Email: [email protected]



Colour marking machineAeromec Marketing Co offers rotary automatic hot colour (hot embossing) sequential colour marking machine. This machine is designed to mark colour on all types of polyethylene pipes, rigid PVC pipes and sections during extrusion process. It requires power only for heating. The model 'AMC-210' machine can mark 10-315 mm outside diameter of pipes. The marking is done at every one metre on the pipes/sections by using pantorgraphed brass/SS stereos fixed on the heater body. The stereos are heated by using electronic percentage differential circuit which adjusts the temperature. It is designed to colour mark by using a coloured polyester tape placed between the stereos and the pipes/sections to be marked. The option of periodical marking can be given with special electronic equipment and an apparatus with pneumatic working. Periodical marking can be set up to three digits. Other models available with the company include automatic sequential counter with 3 or 4 digits and up to seven digits coder (hand-operated) colour marking machine.

Aeromec Marketing Co Pvt LtdThane - MaharashtraTel: 0250 245 4915 / 3896, Fax: 0250-245 5579Email: [email protected]



Dehumidified air dryer

Prasad Group of Companies offers ‘EKO’ series of next-generation dehumidified air dryer with lowest dew point up to -50ºC. It is equipped with a unique heat exchanger

Extrusion sheet line

Oshonic Enterprise offers polystyrene (PSP) foam extrusion sheet line. It uses a tandem screw technology to produce fine-blocked cell-structured extruded polystyrene foam sheet with high strength and a pearly and even surface, in a continuous roll, from polystyrene injecting, an eco-friendly blowing gas and additives. It has a user-friendly operating system with inverter controlled driving, digital temperature control and hydraulic screen changer.

PSP foam sheet is new type packing with the features of shock proof, sound insulation, heat prevention, damp proof, safety, sanitation and good plasticity. It is used widely in packing food, fruit, electronic product, daily items, hardware products, industrial machinery parts, pharmaceutical & medical products, advertisement board, etc. The characteristics of the product include glossy surface, good cushioning and insulating effect, moisture-proof, anti-corrosion by chemicals, printable, foldable, embossable, moisture and water resistant, tasteless, odourless and non-toxic.

Oshonic EnterpriseAhmedabad - GujaratTel: 094271 43762Email: [email protected]

to save energy up to 25 per cent. The continuous drying process takes place through automatic drying & regenerating cycle. High-quality molecule sieves (drying agent) ensure longer life. It is provided with patented 4/2-switchover valve with Teflon strip sealing and spring screws mechanism which gives absolute leak-proof diversion of dry and wet air. It also has three micro filters - dry air filter, return line filter and regenerative air filter for dust-free

operation. Besides these, it is equipped with 7-day digital timer-cum-programmer for different schedule and material change. It comes with complete PLC-based control.

Prasad Group of CompaniesAhmedabad - GujaratTel: 079-2589 0687/2583 0112Fax: 079-2583 0129Email: [email protected]



Mr L. R. KatratManaging Director - CEOKatlax Enterprises Pvt. Ltd.

“We have been a regular advertiser of our products in leading publications such as SEARCH, Modern Machine Tools and Modern Plastics & Polymers of Infomedia 18 Ltd. We are associated with the publication house for more than 12 years and are utilising these magazines to promote our products aggressively and receiving good response.”

��

Finishing flap wheelValgro Engineers offers Fynex abrasive finishing flap wheels. These are used for finishing curved and irregularly shaped parts, especially the hard to reach areas. They offer a great degree of conformance, and provide even pressure for uniform surface finishing with long scratch pattern on softer materials such an aluminium, plastic, wood and non-ferrous metals. They remove debits and contamination from surfaces, creating a clean surface for coating operations. And they provide a consistent satin scratch pattern and other cosmetic finishes, to improve the surface appearance.

Valgro Engineers Pvt LtdAhmedabad - GujaratTel: 079-2297 2603Fax: 079-2297 2606Mob: 09374083443Email: [email protected]

Feeding system ACS Auxiliaries India offers ‘AccuMeterTM series’ continuous loss-in-weight feeding system manufactured by AEC Inc, USA. Pellets, regrind, powders and liquids can be metered into the process, even at very low levels (>50 grams/hour). Its refill system is designed for up to 40 refills per hour, which can significantly reduce system size and cost, especially when used with integral conveying systems. The vacuum receiver can also be used as the refill hopper, to further reduce the overall height of the system. Smaller components allow quick changeover, since less material needs to be drained and fewer components need cleaning.

It can feed from 50 g/hr to 16,500 lbs/hr (7,500 kg/hr) and can accommodate up to eight precision feeders per extruder. The system has a cumulative dosing accuracy of ±0.5 per cent and is driven by variable speed DC drive motors. The control system includes an Allen-Bradley CompactLogix™ programmable controller with a PanelView CE 1000™ colour touchscreen.

ACS Auxiliaries India Pvt LtdPune - MaharashtraTel: 020-4014 7575, Mob: 09371 154045Email: [email protected]



PVC compounds & colour masterbatchAnukampa Polymers & Technologies offers customised PVC compounds, PVC colour masterbatches, PVC-based TPEs & alloys (based on NBR, TPU, ABS, etc), and

PVC antistatic compounds including RoHS-compliant grades. These are suitable for a wide range of applications meeting a number of end converting processes like extrusion, injection moulding, blow moulding, etc. All masterbatches have been developed with good quality pigments, ingredients and additives. These are thoughtfully selected and carefully blended & processed after required trials. This results in optimised distribution, dispersion for uniform & reproducible colour for sparkling output. These are also suitable for electrical requirements, owing to its superior selection of pigments/additives. The company can develop customised colours, including pearl colours with specific applications like low temperature, high temperature, UV, FRLS, etc.

Anukampa Polymers & Technologies P LtdHyderabad - Andhra PradeshTel: 040-2370 1591/3291 8093Fax: 040-2370 2837Email: [email protected]



The information published in this section is as per the details furnished by the respective manufacturer/distributor.

In any case, it does not represent the views of

Business Insights •Technologies•Opportunities

SPWM inverterNBE Motors offers HLP,a series of SPWM invertors. Its features consist of built-in PID control, built-in simple PLC function, multi-communication RS-485 interface, low noise operation, acceleration/deceleration time (0.1–6,500 sec) adjustable, comprehensive range from 0.1–2,500 Hz, high technology of PIM module, 150 per cent high starting torque at 1 Hz, and carrier frequency adjustable to 20 KHz.

NBE Motors Pvt LtdAhmedabad - GujaratTel: 079-2274 0467Fax: 079-2274 1196Mob: 09327049213Email: [email protected]

Statement about ownership and other particulars aboutModern Plastics & Polymers, as required to be published in the

first issue every year after the last day of February.

1. Place of Publication: Ruby House, ‘A’ Wing, JK Sawant Marg, Dadar (W), Mumbai-400028.

2. Periodicity of Publication: Monthly 3. Printer’s Name: Mr. Mohan Gajria Nationality: Indian Address: Infomedia 18 Ltd, Ruby House, ‘A’ Wing, JK Sawant

Marg, Dadar (W), Mumbai-400028.4. Publisher’s Name: Mr. Lakshmi Narasimhan Nationality: Indian Address: Infomedia 18 Ltd, Ruby House, ‘A’ Wing, JK Sawant

Marg, Dadar (W), Mumbai-400028.5. Editor’s Name: Mr. Manas Bastia Nationality: Indian Address: Infomedia 18 Ltd, Ruby House, ‘A’ Wing, JK Sawant

Marg, Dadar (W), Mumbai-400028. Address: Ruby House, ‘A’ Wing, J. K. Sawant Marg, Dadar (W),

Mumbai- 400 0286. Names and addresses of Individuals who own

Modern Plastics & Polymers & partners or shareholder holding more than 1% of total capital of Infomedia 18 Limited (formerly known as Infomedia India Limited), Ruby House, ‘A’ Wing, JK Sawant Marg, Dadar (W), Mumbai-400028.

Details of the shareholders of Infomedia 18 Limited who are holding more than 1% of the paid up equity share capital of the company as on 11-02-2011:

a. Television Eighteen India Limited, 601, 6th Floor, Hotel Le-Meridian, Raisina Road, New Delhi-110001.

b. Soumen Bose, (acting in capacity of trustee of Infomedia 18 Merger Trust for the benefit of India Advantage Fund II) Flat - 11, Neelam, 2nd Floor, Road 14 B, Off Linking Road, Khar(W), Mumbai -400052

c. ACACIA Partners, LP, Citibank N.A., Custody Services, 77, Ramnord House, Dr. A.B. Road, Worli, Mumbai- 400018

d. Sanjiv Dhireshbhai Shah, 702, Silicon Towers, Behind Samar theshwar Mahadeo, Law Garden, Ahmedabad - 380 006.

e. ACACIA Conservation Fund LP, Citibank N.A., Custody Services, 77, Ramnord House, Dr. A.B. Road, Worli, Mumbai- 400018

f. The Oriental Insurance Company Ltd, Oriental house, P. B. 7037, A-25/27, Asaf Ali Road, New Delhi-110002

g. ACACIA Institutional Partners, LP, Citibank N.A., Custody Services, 77, Ramnord House, Dr. A.B.Road, Worli, Mumbai-400018

h. Optimum Securities Private Limited, 3, Amba Bhuvan, 29, Sion Circle, Sion (W), Mumbai-400022.

I, Lakshmi Narasimhan, hereby declare that all particulars given above are true to the best of my knowledge and belief.

Dated: 16th February 2011

Sd/-LAKSHMI NARASIMHANSignature of the publisher

P R O D U C T I N D E X


1 Additive.......................................... 87

2 Additive masterbatch .......................... 18

3 Air bubble film plant .......................... 89

4 Air bubble sheet plant .......................... 4

5 Air compressor................................... 91

6 Air cooled sealer................................ 94

7 Air dryer ............................................ 91

8 Air treatment...................................... 10

9 Air-conditioner part ............................ 25

10 Air-conditioning equipment ................. 71

11 Ammonia liquid chiller ....................... 13

12 Anatase TiO2 .................................... 14

13 Automation controller......................... 37

14 Automation system ............................. 33

15 Banking service .............................. 89

16 Biodegradable masterbatch ................ 18

17 Black masterbatche ...................... 18, 87

18 Blender ...................................... FIC, 49

19 Blending unit ..................................... 25

20 Blower series ..................................... 33

21 Bulk milk cooler................................. 13

22 Butterfly valve .................................... 13

23 CAM follower ................................. 86

24 Cast film line ....................................... 4

25 Chemical........................................... 29

26 Chiller ............................................... 79

27 Clean room application ....................... 6

28 Cluster facia ...................................... 25

29 CNC................................................ BIC

30 CNC machine .................................. BIC

31 CNC turning center........................... BIC

32 CNC vertical machining center ....BIC, 39

33 Co-extrusion blown film plant ............... 4

34 Co-extrusion die .................................. 4

35 Colour additives ................................ 87

36 Colour masterbatch ...............18, 47, 87

37 Colour marking machine.................... 94

38 Complex multi part assembly .............. 23

39 Compounds....................................... 87

40 Compressor’s spare part .................... 71

41 Connector ................................... 25, 86

42 Controller .......................................... 93

43 Cooling tower.................................... 10

44 Counters & power supplies ................... 3

45 Credit guarantee to micro enterprises.. 17

46 Credit guarantee to SME .................... 17

47 Dairy machinery............................. 13

48 Dehumidified air dryer...........FIC, 25, 95

49 Digital panel meter .............................. 8

50 Door trim .......................................... 25

51 Dosing & mixing system...................... 33

52 Drying & dehumidifying system ........... 33

53 Drymax air dryer ............................... FIC

54 Drymax pet-dehumidified dryer .......... FIC

55 Dyestuff ............................................. 30

56 Electric injection

molding machine gearbox................ 5

57 Electric solution.................................. 67

58 Email marketing................................. 61

59 Encoder............................................... 3

60 Engineering product ........................... 29

61 Entrepreneur magazine..................... 101

62 Exhibition - Eastern

Plastics Expo 2011........................... 103

63 Exhibition - Plast Avenues

Summit 2011 .................................. 105

64 Exhibition - wires & cables.................. 16

65 Extruder for reprocessing &

compounding nylon/ delrin................. 92

66 Extrusion coating lamination plant......... 4

67 Extrusion die .............................. 89, 108

68 Extrusion machinery............................ 21

69 Extrusion sheet line............................. 95

70 Feeding & conveying...................... 33

71 Feeding system .................................. 96

72 Filler compound................................. 87

73 Filtration unit ..................................... 41

74 Financial services ............................... 89

75 Finishing flap wheel............................ 96

76 Flame retardant ................................. 87

77 Flame retardant masterbatch .............. 18

78 Flat dripper........................................ 62

79 Flexiguard grommet ring .................... 92

80 Fluid ................................................. 11

81 Gas................................................ 29

82 Gear ................................................. 11

83 Gear box ..............................11, 12, 27

84 Gear motor ...........................11, 12, 27

85 Gear pump ....................................... 41

86 Geared & flexible coupling................. 11

87 Geared motor/ reducer ...................... 12

88 Granulating & recycling...................... 33

89 Granulator ....................................... FIC

90 HDPE pipe plant............................... 4

91 Head & tail lamp............................... 25

92 Heart valve frame ..................48, 57, 58

93 Heating & cooling.............................. 33

94 Helical in-line geared motor/ reducer . 12

95 High cavitation .................................... 6

96 High pressure compressor .................. 90

97 High speed heater/ cooler.................. 89

98 HMI .................................................. 37

99 Horizontal CNC machine .................. BIC

100 Horizontal machining centre .............. BIC

101 Hot air dryer...................................... 25

102 Hot runner system .............................. 33

103 IML technique .................................. 6

104 Induction motor ................................. 37

105 Induction sealing................................ 94

106 Industrial control & sensing device ........ 3

107 Industrial cooler ................................. 10

108 Injection moulding machine

....... 7, 25, 35, 43, 45, 53, 86, 90, 91, BGF

109 Ink adhesion...................................... 94

110 Inline drip irrigation tube extrusion ...... 62

111 Invertor/variable frequency drive ........... 3

112 Knobs & switches ........................... 25

113 Lab mixers ..................................... 89

114 Label adhesion .................................. 94

115 Large-flow water heater ...................... 33

Sl No Product Pg No Sl No Product Pg No Sl No Product Pg No

To know more about the products in this magazine, refer to our ‘Product Index’ or write to us at [email protected] or call us at +91-22-3003 4685 or fax us at +91-22-3003 4499

and we will send your enquiries to the advertisers directly to help you source better.

P R O D U C T I N D E X


116 Level controller .................................... 3

117 Loader.............................................. FIC

118 Masterbatch .............................18, 87

119 Material dryer .................................... 49

120 Measuring & monitoring

relay for 1ph/3ph ................................ 3

121 Medical mould .................................... 6

122 Metals ............................................... 29

123 Milky polymer .................................... 97

124 Moisture separator ............................. 91

125 Monolayer blown film line ..................BC

126 Monolayer blown film plant .................. 4

127 Motion control ..................................... 3

128 Mould changing system...................... 95

129 Moulding............................................. 6

130 Moulding Automation......................... 23

131 MTC ................................................ FIC

132 Multi component mould ....................... 6

133 Multilayer blown film line....................BC

134 Multilayer blown film plant ................... 4

135 Multilayer co-extrusion sheet line ........ 77

136 Multi-station ...................................... 43

137 Natural polymer............................. 97

138 Neat resin ......................................... 30

139 Oil cooler....................................... 79

140 Online B2B marketplace .............. 9, 102

141 Optic sheet extrusion line ................... 77

142 Panel cooler ................................... 79

143 Paper & allied chemical...................... 29

144 Paper chemical .................................. 30

145 Paperless recorder................................ 8

146 Parallel & right angle axis gearbox........ 5

147 PET mastermatches ............................ 18

148 PET recycling plant............................... 4

149 PET sheet extrusion ............................ 77

150 Photoelectric sensor........................ 3, 88

151 Pipe extrusion line ............................. 45

152 Pipe making ...................................... 43

153 Plastic brightner/ shiner ................ 89, 97

154 Plastic compound............................... 87

155 Plastic sheet extrusion line .................. 77

156 Plastic tinopol .................................... 97

157 Plastic whitener .................................. 97

158 Plate heat exchanger.......................... 13

159 Plug valve.......................................... 13

160 Pneumatic valve ................................. 13

161 Polymer allies product ........................ 29

162 PP glass filled compound.................... 18

163 PP/HDPE/PET box strapping plant ......... 4

164 PP/HDPE/PET monofilament plant ......... 4

165 PP/TQ film plant.................................. 4

166 PPR three layer pipe plants ................. 62

167 PPRP powder ..................................... 97

168 Precision moulding............................. 25

169 Process controller ................................. 8

170 Process tank ...................................... 13

171 Procurement & auditing servicing ........ 29

172 Programmable logic controller .............. 3

173 Programmable terminal ........................ 3

174 Proximity sensor ................................... 3

175 Pump & technology ............................ 83

176 Push rivet........................................... 92

177 PVC compounding unit ...................... 86

178 PVC compounds & masterbatch.......... 97

179 Quick connector............................. 15

180 Quick die change system ................... 95

181 Quick mould change system......... 15, 95

182 Raffia tape line................................. 4

183 Rail tanker ......................................... 13

184 Refrigerant pump ............................... 13

185 Refrigeration ...................................... 13

186 Refrigeration compressor .................... 71

187 RFID.................................................... 3

188 Robotic....................................... 97, FIC

189 Rotary automatic hot

colour marking machine..................... 55

190 Rutile TiO2........................................ 14

191 Safety light curtain ........................... 3

192 Scale watcher .................................... 75

193 Screen changer.................................. 41

194 Screw compressor ........................ 13, 91

195 Sealer ............................................... 94

196 Secon & dull polymer......................... 97

197 Segmented barrel............................... 89

198 Servo motor....................................... 37

199 Single screw and barrel ...................... 89

200 Single screw extruder gearbox............... 5

201 SME finance ...................................... 89

202 Spiral cum helical gearbox ................. 11

203 SPWM inverter ................................... 98

204 Stack mould ........................................ 6

205 Strand pelletiser ................................. 93

206 Sulphuric acid.................................... 14

207 Surface treatment ............................... 94

208 Switching relay..................................... 3

209 Synthetic string plant ............................ 4

210 System solution .................................. 33

211 Tanks & silos .................................. 13

212 Tea.................................................... 29

213 Technical mould................................... 6

214 Temperature controller................3, 8, 91

215 Thermoforming & PS foam .................BC

216 Thermoplastic alloy ............................ 30

217 Thermoplastic compound ................... 30

218 Thermoplastic elastomer ..................... 92

219 Thermoplastic rubber.......................... 92

220 Timer .................................................. 3

221 Titanium dioxide ................................ 14

222 TPE ................................................... 92

223 TPE/TPU compound ........................... 18

224 TPR ................................................... 92

225 TPU masterbatch................................ 47

226 Trade show organiser ......................... 88

227 Twin-screw element ................48, 57, 58

228 Twin-screw extruder ................48, 57, 58

229 Twin-screw extruder gearbox ................. 5

230 Twin-screw feeder............................... 93

231 Ultrasonic flow meter ....................... 8

232 Universal masterbatch ........................ 18

233 UV & PU masterbatch ........................ 18

234 Vacuum forming machine ..............BC

235 Vacuum loader .................................. 25

236 Ventilator ........................................... 93

237 Virgin polymer ................................... 97

238 Vision sensor ....................................... 3

239 Weigh belt feeder .......................... 93

240 Weight feeder .................................... 93

241 WFR................................................. FIC

242 Wire-EDM ......................................... 39

243 Worm gear ........................................ 11

Sl No Product Pg No Sl No Product Pg No Sl No Product Pg No

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A DV E R T I S E R S ’ L I S T


Advertiser’s Name & Contact Details Pg No Advertiser’s Name & Contact Details Pg No Advertiser’s Name & Contact Details Pg No

Our consistent advertisers

AB Diachem Systems Pvt Ltd 75

T: +91-11-25155456

E: [email protected]

W: www.scalewatcher.in

Aeromec Mktg Co 55

T: +91-250-2454915


W: www.aeromec.in

Alok Masterbatches Ltd 47

T: +91-11-41612244


W: www.alokmasterbatches.com

Anuraj Equipments Pvt Ltd 91

T: +91-40-66316724


W: www.pureair.in

Avi Additives Pvt Ltd 87

T: +91-40- 23550551/2/3/4


W: www.aviadditives.com

Bharat Bijlee Ltd 37

T: +91-22-24306237


W: www.bharatbijlee.com

Blend Colours Pvt Ltd 18

T: +91-40-2436 1499


W: www.blendcolours.com

Credit Guarantee Fund Trust For Mic 17

W: www.cgtmse.in

Dongguan Alfa Automation Machinery Ltd 97

T: +86-769-8318-0326


W: www.alfarobot.com

Dongguan Guan Yu Industrial Co., Ltd 92

T: +86-769-2225-8668

E: [email protected]; [email protected]

W: www.dg-guanyu.com

Elecon Engineering Company Ltd 11

T: +91-2692-236469


W: www.elecon.com

Electronica Plastic Machiners Ltd 53

T: ‘+91-22-32531959


Enercon Industries Corporations 94

T: +09600344430 / 91-4344 244303


W: www.enerconaciapacific.com

Entrepreneur 101

Forwell Precision Machinery Co., Ltd. 95

T: +886-4-834-5196

E: [email protected]; [email protected]

W: www.forwell.com

Freeze Tech Equipments Pvt Ltd 79

T: +91-44-42152387


W: www.freezetechequip.com

Gem Equipments Ltd 10

T: +91-422-3267800


W: www.gemindia.com

Goodie Enterprises 83

T: +91-11-41613643


W: www.goodiesons.com

Husky Injection Molding Systems P Ltd BGF

T: +91-22-25706316


W: www.husky.ca

Ice Asia Pvt Ltd 93

T: +91-22-24443703


W: www.ice-asia.com

IDMC Limited 13

T: +91-2692-225399


W: www.idmc.coop

India Mart Intermesh Ltd 9, 102

T: +1800 - 200 - 4444


W: www.indiamart.com

Ink Business Media Pvt Ltd 105

T: +91-22-42081715


W: www.inkbusinessmedia.com

International Plastic Fair Association 88

T: +81-3-3542-1487


W: www.ipfjapan.jp

Jiangxi Tikon Titanium Co., Ltd. 14

T: +86-794-835-5555


W: www.tikon.com.cn

Jing Cheng Mold Machinery Co., Ltd 108

T: +86-576-8461-0001


W: www.jc-times.com

Jon Wai Machinery Works Co., Ltd. 43

T: +886-2-2595-4867


W: www.jonwai.com.tw

Jyoti Cnc Automation BIC

T: +91-2827-287081


W: www.jyoti.co.in

K P L International Ltd 29

T: +91-11-43606200


W: www.kplintl.com

Kabra Extrusion Technik Ltd 21

T: +91-22-26734822


W: www.kolsite.com

L & T Plastics Machinery Ltd 25

T: +91-44-26812000


W: www.larsentoubro.com

LiveWire 18 61

T: +91-22-30245000


Loxim Industries Limited 30

T: +91-2717-308000


W: www.loxim.com

A DV E R T I S E R S ’ L I S T


Advertiser’s Name & Contact Details Pg No Advertiser’s Name & Contact Details Pg No Advertiser’s Name & Contact Details Pg No

Our consistent advertisers

Maag Pump Systems Ag, 41

T: +41-44-278 8200


W: www.maag.com

Mold - Masters Technologies Pvt Ltd 67

T: +91-422-4502171


W: www.moldmasters.com

Neejtech India (Braunform) 6

T: +91-79-26561312


W: www.neejtech.com

Neejtech India (Hekuma) 23

T: +91-79-26561312


W: www.neejtech.com

Neejtech India (Niigata) 7

T: +91-9909974224


Ocean Extrusions 4

T: +91-79-22902200


W: www.oceanextrusions.com

Omron Automation Pvt. Ltd. 3

T: +91-80-40726400


W: www.omron-ap.com

Plast Fine Polymers 97

T: +91-79-65242332


W: www.plastfine.com

Plexium International 16

T: +91-20-26650219


W: www.plexiumindia.com

Power Build Ltd 12

T: +91-2692-231070


W: www.pbl.co.in

Premium Transmission Ltd 27

T: +91-20-27488886

W: www.premiumtransmission.com

Procon Technologies Pvt Ltd 8

T: +91-79-27492566


W: www.procon.co.in

R R Plast Extrusions Pvt Ltd 77

T: +91-22-42461500


W: www.rrplast.com

Rajoo Engineers Ltd .BC

T: +91-28272 52701/2


W: www.rajoo.com

S&T Engineers 39

T: +91-422-2590810


W: www.stengineers.com

Sai Machine Tools Pvt Ltd 62

T: +91-731-4081200


W: www.saimachinetools.com

Sea Bird Refrigeration Pvt Ltd 71

T: +91-11-22155684


W: www.amoking.com

Shini Plastics Technologies I Pvt Ltd 33

T: +91-250-3021166


W: www.shini.com

Shree Radhekrishna Extrusions Pvt Ltd 89

T: +91-79-25842509


W: www.radhekrishnaexports.com

Shuenn Jaan Machinery Co., Ltd. 90

T: +886-6-233-9590


W: www.soongiant.com.tw

Sonal Automation Industries 91

T: +91-120-2540126


W: www.sonalindustrialelectronics.com

Sreelakshmi Traders 93

T: +91-44-24343343


W: www.sreelakshmitraders.com

Standard Chartered Bank 89

T: +91-22-39401616


W: www.standardchartered.co.in

Steer Engineering Pvt Ltd 48, 57, 58

T: +91-80-23723309


W: www.steerworld.com

Toshiba Machine (India) Pvt. Ltd. 35

T: +91-11-43291111


W: www.toshiba-machine.co.jp

Unimark (Maguire) 49

T: +91-22-25506712


W: www.unimark.in

Unimark (Staubli Faverges Sca) 15

T: +91-22-25506712


W: www.unimark.in

VNB International 103

T: +91-20-4006 8318


W: www.vnbindia.com

Windsor Machines Limited 45

T: +91-79-40200300


W: www.windsormachine.com

Wittmann Battenfeld India Pvt Ltd FIC

T: +91-44-42077009


W: www.wittmann-group.com

Zambello Riduttori Group 5

T: +39-0331-307-616


W: www.zambello.it

Mod

ern

Pla

stics & P

olym

ers

Jun

e 2

011

Reg No: MH / MR / WEST / 234 // 2009 – 2011 RNI No: MAHENG / 2008 / 25265 WPP Licence No: MR / Tech / WPP – 357 / West / 2009- 2011

Licence to Post Without Pre-Payment at Mumbai Patrika Channel Sorting Office, Mummai GPO., Mumbai 400 001. Date Of Posting 1st & 2nd Of Every Month / English & Monthly.

Date Of Publication: 28th Of Every Month.

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