measurement of social impact generated through clean cooking solutions allie glinski gender and...
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Measurement of Social Impact Generated through Clean Cooking Solutions
Allie GlinskiGender and Development Specialist
International Center for Research on Women
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Process for Defining, Measuring and Reporting on Social Impact
• Objectives:– Gain consensus on the key and realistically measurable components and
pathways through which the clean cooking sector creates social impact– Create a collection of standardized indicators & measurement
methodologies– Create a centralized data capture, management, and analysis system
• Why?– To allow partners to track and analyze progress– To aggregate the social impact of the clean cooking sector at a global
level • How?
– Map and define relevant social impacts– Select key domains of social impact for measurement– Draft indicators– Select/create measurement methodologies – Develop a data capture and management system– Pilot M&E system– Modify and adjust– Roll out
ICRW Phase 1
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Key findings from initial mapping & literature review
• The Alliance has a specific interest in understanding and focusing on women’s empowerment and livelihood creation, as both are core areas of the mission. Women’s empowerment in particular has been loosely used in the sector and there is a need to clarify which social impacts actually lead to empowerment.
• Women’s empowerment —defined as the combination of increased access to resources and improved agency—will likely be enhanced for women who are engaged in the clean cooking value chain
• When women are empowered through the clean cooking value chain, it can have a multiplier effect on adoption and use of clean cooking solutions
• There are robust livelihood measurements in other sectors that can be applied and adapted for the cooking sector.
• It is well established that one of the biggest impacts that adoption and use of clean cooking solutions has on women is through time saved– However, the nuances of time shifts need to be considered in varying contexts– What exactly women do with this new free time is not well understood– It may be enough to know that women have more time—what results from the activities
they choose to do with that time, is a bit removed from the actual adoption and use of the clean cooking solution
• Less time spent collecting firewood means decreased vulnerability to safety risks and decreased drudgery
• Previously established measurement frameworks exist that we can build off of: Progress out of Poverty (PPI), W+ Standard, IRIS, Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture (WEAI), Environment and Gender Index (EGI), Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI) indicators, Gold Standard, Gender GEDI Index
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Social Impact M&E Needed at Three Levels 1) Social impact conceptual framework for the sector overall – telling a global story • What information do we want from all partners to demonstrate the
sector has a social impact? • Suggestions include economic status of household/poverty
reduction, time savings, livelihoods created. • Potentially utilize Progress out of Poverty Index for poverty
measurements. 2) Social impact M&E indicators, methodologies, and tools to measure and track a limited number of social impact areas at the enterprise/project level.
• Set of indicators & methodologies • Guidance for implementation • Results reporting and certification
3) Strategy for M&E deep dive impact evaluations in certain areas. • Areas where specific impact evaluations are needed to fill data gaps
and get a more robust picture. For example, the Alliance research studies looking at impact of adoption on households in areas of empowerment, time savings, education, decision-making, etc.
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Social Impact Conceptual Framework: How involvement in the clean cooking supply chain translates to improvements in women’s social and economic empowerment
EmploymentWomen investors
Women in production of clean fuels and/or stoves
Women in distribution of clean fuels and/or stoves
Business & social networks
Technical & business skills
Income
Knowledge of environmental/ health benefits
Expanded access to capital/credit Women as borrowers
(supply-side)
Agency
Voice/ participation
Status
Adoption of clean
cooking solutions
Women in after-sales service of clean stoves
Decision-making & control over assets/ resources
Involvement of Women
Women in selection & design of clean cooking products
Components of Empowerment
Outcomes of Empowerment
Women SME owners & executives
Multiplier Effect
Financing options targeted to women as consumers
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DRAFTSocial Impact Conceptual Framework: How adoption and use of clean cooking solutions translates into improvements in households’ well-being & livelihoods
Adoption and use of
clean cooking
solutionsIncreased time spent on
leisure activities
Time spent cooking
Increased time spent on income- generating activities
Increased time spent on education/ training
(adult/children)
Shifts in Household Finances
Enhanced social and economic
well-being
Health benefits
Time spent collecting fuel
Money spent on fuel
Money earned using clean cookstove/fuel
Secondary Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Ultimate Outcomes
Reduced drudgery (time & heaviness of load)
Enhanced safety/protection (reduced exposure to potential injury, GBV)
Increased financial security/income
Length/frequency of fuel collecting trips
Increased time spent on informal, non-income generating activities
Health benefits (reduced smoke exposure,
lower rates of accidents/burns)
Shifts in Time Use
Shifts in Workload
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Key Domains of Social Impact & Key Stakeholders
Key Domains
• Livelihoods• Time• Household economics• Well-being/quality of
life• Safety/protection• Drudgery
Key Stakeholders
• Investors• Advocates• Gender Experts• Enterprises/
Implementers
• Others? (i.e. donors)
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Key Domains of Impact: Livelihoods
Key components
Key stakeholders
Investors AdvocatesGender Experts
Enterprises/
Implementers
Jobs created X X X X
Income earned
Quality of job
Part-time/full-time X X Employee vs. entrepreneur X Management level X X Stability of income Area within the value chain X X
Sustainability of job
Geographic location of job X
Control over resources/assets earned
Acquisition of skills
Technical skills Empowerment/leadership skills
X X
Access to networks
Women-owned businesses X
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Key Domains of Impact: Time
Key components
Key stakeholders
Investors AdvocatesGender Experts
Enterprises/ Implementer
s
Time spent on fuel collection X X X
Time spent on cooking X X
Full picture of time use
Fuel processing X X Fire management X X Cleaning pots/kitchen X X How saved time is used
Leisure X Informal sector activities (e.g. childcare)
X
Productive activities X
Education X
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Key Domains of Impact: Household Economics
Key components
Key stakeholders
Investors AdvocatesGender Experts
Enterprises/ Implemente
rs
Money spent on fuel X X X
Income earned from cooking sector job
X
Income earned from time saved from use of clean cooking solution
How saved money is being spent
How earned money is being spent
Access to credit X X
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Key Domains of Impact: Well-being/Quality of Life
Key components
Key stakeholders
Investors AdvocatesGender Experts
Enterprises/ Implementer
s
Sense of well-being
Perception of well-being X X X Perception of benefits from clean cooking solution
X
Perception of safety & risk X XStatus in family, community X
Knowledge/ awareness of health and environmental benefits of clean cooking solutions
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Key Domains of Impact: Safety/Protection
Key components
Key stakeholders
Investors AdvocatesGender Experts
Enterprises/ Implementer
s
Number of fuel collection trips X
Time spend collecting fuel
Physical injuries (e.g. splinters, animal attack, spinal injury)
X X
Safety of employees in work environment X
Perception of safety & risk X X
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Key Domains of Impact: Drudgery
Key components
Key stakeholders
Investors AdvocatesGender Experts
Enterprises/ Implementer
s
Distance traveled X
Heaviness of fuel load X
Labor intensive activities (scrubbing pots, processing fuel)
All stakeholder groups agreed there is a need to continue to build the evidence that proves the theory of change for social impact.
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Current State of Field of Social Impact Measurement
1. Time use• Fuel collection time savings (self-reported, time use
activity journals)- distance matters, not just quantity• Cooking time- CCTs- but not time changes in fuel
processing/fire management/stove maintenance/cleaning2. Socioeconomic• Jobs created (sometimes sex disaggregated) • Income (employee salary data v. national
averages/minimums)• Microenterprises created• Fuel cost savings (KPTs + national fuel cost surveys;
qualitative before/after surveys)3. Well-being/quality of life• Reduced drudgery (self-reported weight and distance fuel
burdens carried)• Other perceived benefits (qualitative survey feedback)
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Key Questions
• How nuanced of an understanding/measurement of time use is necessary to feel that we are accurately, yet feasibly tracking impacts on time use?
• Do we need to understand what women do with their saved time?
• Should decreases in injuries encountered during fuel collection be captured under “social impact” or “health impacts”
• Who will actually be motivated to collect or pay for collection of this data?
• How will we validate the data? • How deep within their value chain will we expect enterprises to
collect data? • What are the main components of a “quality” livelihood that we
will want to measure? • What are some of the key gaps in the theory of change of how
clean cooking solutions generate social impact? – How could these be filled in with specific research studies?– Who would fund such studies?
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Collaboration with ISO Working Group
• Alliance process provides content to feed into ISO Working Group
• ISO Working Group validates Alliance process and provides input along the way
• ISO process helps identify international experts with a wide variety of expertise to engage in the process; Experts have their government’s support to engage in the process
• ISO Working Group allows for alignment of social impact M&E guidance with global standards process