management –science or art

8/9/2019 Management Science or Art

1/14

MANAGEMENT SCIENCE OR

ART ?


2/14

MANAGEMENT AS SCIENCE Science is a systematic body of knowledge

relating to a specific field of study that

contains general facts which explains a

phenomenon It establishes cause and effect relationship

between two or more variables and

underlines the principles governing their

relationship.


3/14

SCIENCE IS CHARACTERIZED BY

FOLLOWING MAIN FEATURES

1. Univers!!" ##e$%e& $rin#i$!es

Scientific principles represents basic truth

about a particular field of enquiry. These

principles may be applied in all situations,at all time & at all places

E' . law of gravitation which can be applied

in all countries irrespective of the time.

!anagement also contains some fundamentalprinciples which can be applied universally

like the "rinciple of #nity of $ommand i.e.

one man, one boss


4/14

%. E($eri)en%%i*n + O,serv%i*n

Scientific principles are derived through scientific

investigation & researching i.e. they are based onlogic.

E .g. the principle that earth goes round the sun has

been scientifically proved.

!anagement principles '.g. it is observed that fairremuneration to personal helps in creating a

satisfied work force.


5/14

-.Cse + E//e#% Re!%i*ns0i$ "rinciples of science

lay down cause and effect relationship between

various variables. '.g. when metals are heated, they are expanded.

The cause is heating & result is expansion.

!anagement '.g. lack of parity )balance* between

authority & responsibility will lead to

ineffectiveness.


6/14


7/14

MANAGEMENT AS AN ART 0rt means application of knowledge & skill to

get the desired results. 0n art may be

defined as personali1ed application of

general theoretical principles for achievingbest possible results.


8/14

ART HAS THE FOLLOWING

CHARACTERS 2r#%i#! 3n*4!e&'e5 'very art requires practical

knowledge therefore learning of theory is not

sufficient. It is very important to know practical

application of theoretical principles.

'.g. to become a good painter, the person not onlyshould know about the different colour and brushes

but different designs, dimensions, situations etc to

use them appropriately.

0 manager can never be successful 2ust byobtaining degree or diploma in management3 he

must have also known how to apply various

principles in real situations, by functioning as a

manager.


9/14


10/14

Cre%ivi%"5 'very artist has an element of creativity

in line.

That is why he aims at producing something thathas never existed before which requires

combination of intelligence & imagination.

!anagement is also creative in nature like any

other art. It combines human and nonhumanresources in an useful way so as to achieve desired

results. It tries to produce sweet music by

combining chords in an efficient manner.


11/14

2er/e#%i*n %0r*'0 $r#%i#e5 "ractice makes a manperfect.

'very artist becomes more and more proficient

through constant practice.

Similarly managers learn through an art of trial anderror initially but application of management

principles over the years makes them perfect in the

2ob of managing.


12/14

G*!7Orien%e&5 'very art is result oriented as it

seeks to achieve concrete results.

In the same manner, management is also directed

towards accomplishment of predetermined goals.

!anagers use various resources like men, money,

material, machinery & methods to help in the

growth of an organi1ation.


13/14

MANAGEMENT IS BOTH SCIENCE

+ ART The above mentioned points clearly reveal

that management combines features of both

science as well as art.

It is considered as a science because it hasan organi1ed body of knowledge which

contains certain universal truth.

It is called an art because managing requires

certain skills which are personal possessionsof managers. Science provides the knowledge

& art deals with the application of

knowledge and skills.


14/14

management –science or art

Documents