SDMS DocID 244269

Center

LONG-TERM MONITORING WELL NETWORK WORK PLAN

West KingstonURI Superfund Site South Kingstown Rhode Island

July 2004

WOODARDampCURRAN Engineering bull Science bull Operations

41 Hutchins Drive Portland ME 04102

(207)774-2112

wwwwoodardcurrancom

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION PAGE NO

1 INTRODUCTION 1-1

11 Project Goals 1-1 12 Understanding of Site Conditions 1-2 121 Nature and Distribution of Site-Related Contaminants 1-2 122 Seismic Results 1-9 123 Groundwater Flow Model 1-9

2 PROJECT PLANNING 2-1

21 Drilling Techniques 2-1 22 Down Hole Geophysical Methods 2-1 23 Monitoring Well Development 2-1 24 In-Situ Hydraulic Conductivity Testing (Rising Head Test) 2-2 25 Groundwater Elevation Measurements 2-2 26 Health amp Safety 2-2 27 Survey 2-3 28 Management of IDW 2-3

3 PROP( DSED MONITORING WELL NETWORK 3-1

4 PROPOSED HUNDRED ACRE POND INVESTIGATION 4-1

41 Pore Water Sampling 4-1 42 Surface Water and Sediment Sampling 4-1

5 LIST OF ACRONYMS 5-1

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE PAGE NO

Table 1-1 Summary of Analysis 1-2

Table 1-2 Summary of GeoProbe Explorations 1-4

Table 1-3 Detected VOCs in Pore Water from URI Pond 1-7

Table 1-4 Detected VOCs in Surface Water 1-8

Table 1-5 Detected VOCs in Sediment 1-9

West KingstonURI Superfund Site i Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE PAGE NO

Figure 1-1 Detected VOCs in Groundwater 1-5

Figure 1-2 Interpretive Overburden VOC Plume 1-6

Figure 1-3 Groundwater Model 1-11

Figure 4-1 Proposed Pore Water Sampling Locations 4-2

APPENDICES

Appendix A Groundwater Surface Water Sediment and Pore Water Results

Appendix B Groundwater Model Report

Appendix C Vertical Profiling amp Monitoring Well Installation Plan

West KingstonURI Superfund Site ii Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

1 INTRODUCTION

This document presents the proposed Long-Term Monitoring Well Network Work Plan (LTMN Work Plan) for the West Kingston Town DumpUniversity of Rhode Island Disposal Area Superfund Site (WKUPvI Site) in South Kingstown Rhode Island This Work Plan has been developed to provide the rationale and specific details for the installation and monitoring of the long-term groundwater monitoring network (see Appendix C Vertical Profiling amp Monitoring Well Installation Plan)

In addition this Work Plan includes the proposed pore water surface water and sediment investigation to characterize the potential impact to Hundred Acre Pond by site-related contaminants in accordance with the requirements of the scope of work described in the Final Work Plan for the Remedial Investigation at the West Kingston Town DumpURI Disposal Area Site (Woodard amp Cumin August 2002) approved by the Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management (RTDEM) in August 2002 As previously noted by RIDEM the specific list of analytes and sampling frequency mav be modified as new information becomes available during the first several rounds of groundwater sampling The specifics presented in this plan are based on our current understanding of the site conditions

The following sections describe the goals of the LTMN and the current conceptual site understanding that has been used to develop the LTMN Section 2 of this Work Plan describes the general methods and materials that will be used to implement the monitoring wells network Section 3 provides a summary of the proposed monitoring well network A separate plan has been developed for the installation of the monitoring well network This work plan titled Vertical Profiling and Monitoring Well Installation Plan is provided as Appendix C to the LTMN plan Section 4 is a discussion of our proposed approach for a focused investigation of Hundred Acre Pond

11 PROJECT GOALS

The goal of the LTMN for the WKURI Site is to both monitor and evaluate groundwater quality beneath the Site Specifically the well network described in this Work Plan has been designed with two goals

1 As required by the RIDEM landfill closure regulations the well network will be used as a compliance tool to monitor and track changes in groundwater water quality conditions necessary to evaluate the long-term protectiveness of the landfill caps The LTMN will consist of a series of new and existing overburden and bedrock monitoring wells that will serve this purpose and is described in further detail in Section 3 and Appendix C

2 This well network is also designed to address data gaps in our current site understanding As discussed further in Subsection 12 field investigations completed to date have identified the presence of tetrachloroethylene (PCE) and trichloroethylene (TCE) in surface water and overburden groundwater on the eastern portion of the URI site Therefore additional groundwater data is required to complete the site conceptual model To address these data gaps additional characterization of groundwater quality is required in the following site areas

bull Upgradient of the URI pond and downgradient of the former drum disposal area

bull The bedrock aquifer and

bull Hundred Acre Pond and vicinity

Once installed the LTMN will provide information on the groundwater quality across the site Section 4 of this Work Plan describes our approach to characterize the nature and distribution of site-related

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-1 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

compounds directly to Hundred Acre through a focused pore water surface water and sediment investigation

12 UNDERSTANDING OF SITE CONDITIONS

Woodard amp Curran (WampC) has developed this LTMN Work Plan based on our current site conceptual model including the nature and distribution of site-related compounds site geology (seismic survey) and groundwater flow Table 1-1 provides a summary of analyses already performed by media

Table 1-1 Summary of Analysis JmntMPiiiTriNRmftftfrtfuMii SK^saswampaieaaampMfetiai]

JHBBFwMWrrnHPIP |lj SHsMT3iSl IflPAfeSKilSiS^iSSfl

B^fr ampVriiimamprfiregampamp$KSwSldiJRMpW laquoiis gtbullbullpound mis GP-01 through GP-21 Groundwater 1202 to 103 VOC - 8260 Fix Based

Laboratory Metals - RCRA 8

SW-1 through SW-5 Surface Water 103 VOC - 8260 Fix Based Laboratory

SVOC - 8270

Metals - TAL

SD-1 through SD5 Sediments 103 VOC - 8260 Fix Based Laboratory

SVOC - 8270

Metals - TAL

Pest -8081

PCBs - 8082

PW-1 through PW-27 Pore-Water 503 VOC - Modified Field Laboratory (1) 8260

GP-22 through GP-39 Groundwater 503 VOC - Modified Field Laboratory (1) 8260

SD-6 through SD-8 Sediments 503 VOC - Modified Field Laboratory (1) 8260

SW-6 and SW-7 Surface Water 503 VOC - Modified Field Laboratory (1) 8260

RES 892 and RES 902 Groundwater 603 VOC - 8260 Fix Based Laboratory

RES 870 Groundwater 1003 VOC - 8260 Fix Based Laboratory

Notes (1) Field analytical work was supplemented with a minimum of 10 split-samples to a fix based laboratory to evaluate field 8260 method results

121 Nature and Distribution of Site-Related Contaminants

In accordance with the Final Work Plan for the Remedial Investigation at the West Kingston Town DumpURI Disposal Area Site (Woodard amp Curran August 2002) and the Revised Scope of Work for the Supplemental URI Investigation (Woodard amp Curran April 2003) sampling of bedrock and overburden

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-2 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

groundwater surface water sediment and pore water at the site has been conducted The findings from these investigations are presented below Comprehensive analytical results are included in Appendix A

Groundwater

During two field investigations completed in December 2002January 2002 and May 2003 seventy (70) groundwater samples were collected from on-site and off-site locations using a Geoprobe sampling device and analyzed for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) In addition two bedrock residential wells were samples for VOCs in June 2003 During the December 2002January 2003 Geoprobe investigationa site wide groundwater sampling event was conducted that included collection and analysis of 44 groundwater samples from various depths (GP-01 through GP-21) In May 2003 a focused Geoprobe investigation was then conducted in the vicinity of the URI pond located to the east of FA4 that included collection and analysis of 26 groundwater samples from various depths (GP-22 through GP-39) A summary of the groundwater sampling locations and results are depicted on Figure 1-1 A summary of Geoprobe explorations and refusal depths are provided in Table 1-2

During the December 2002January 2003 Geoprobe groundwater sampling event TCE was the only VOC detected in exceedence of its 5 ugL Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) TCE was detected at GP-20B (98 bgs) and GP-20A (68 bgs) located downgradient and west of FA4 and the URI pond at concentrations of 8 ugL at each location

As shown on Figure 1-1 the most frequently detected VOCs at the site are PCE and TCE which have been detected in the highest concentrations primarily in samples collected east of the URI pond during the focused May 2003 investigation (ie GP-23 GP-24 GP-25 GP-28 GP-29 GP-32 GP-33 GP-35 GPshy36 GP-37) Detected PCE concentrations in these samples to the east of the URI pond ranged from 21 ugL to 320E ugL at depths ranging from 5 to 31 feet below ground surface (bgs) The highest detected groundwater PCE concentration was reported from 14 feet below the ground surface at GP-28 (320E ugL) located on the eastern side of the URI pond at the toe of the embankment and directly upgradient of pore water sample PW-21 the pore water sample with the highest PCE concentration Detected TCE concentrations in these samples ranged from 18 ugL to 96E ugL The highest detected groundwater TCE concentration was also reported from 14 feet below the ground surface at GP-28 (96 E ugL)

In June 2003 two groundwater samples were collected from the residential bedrock samples located at 892 and 902 Plains Road Samples were analyzed for VOCs Casing lengths for these two bedrock wells are not known but is assumed to be at a minimum the depth to bedrock in this area which was measured during the seismic survey at approximately 140 feet bgs Well 870 was sampled in October of 2003 and was also reported as non-detect for VOCs The casing depth on this well is estimated at approximately 120 feet bgs The other existing bedrock monitoring well at the site GW-01 was installed without a secondary steel casing to a total depth of 25 feet bgs

There were no VOCs reported for the two bedrock wells at 892 and 902 Plains Road

An interpretive PCETCE plume for the overburden groundwater has been developed using the groundwater data collected to date as well as historic monitoring well data (ie GW-01 through GW-04) and is presented in Figure 1-2 As shown on the figure a narrow overburden PCETCE plume exists at the site which may extend from the former drum disposal area across the site through the URI pond and FA4 and toward Hundred Acre Pond However at this time the outer boundaries of this plume (ie both the inferred upgradient and downgradient ends of the plume) have not been established and represent data gaps in the current site conceptual model As discussed previously in Section 11 additional groundwater data is required to determine the extent of this VOC plume to the east (ie up to the former

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-3 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

Table 1-2 Summary of GeoProbe Explorations

Location Identification

GP-01 GP-02 GP-03 GP-04 GP-06 GP-07 GP-08 GP-08 GP-10 GP-11 GP-13 GP-14 GP-15 GP-17 GP-18 GP-19 GP-20 GP-21 GP-22 GP-23 GP-24 GP-25 GP-26 GP-27 GP-28 GP-29 GP-30 GP-31 GP-32 GP-33 GP-34 GP-35 GP-36 GP-37 GP-38 GP-39

Boring Depth Refusal (ft) below ground surface

68 17 14

105 14 12 68 22 56 34 58 68 66 71 71 26 95 96 12 18 16 16 23 33 16 10 28 35 21 17 20 11 12

115 11 12

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-4 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

TARGET SHEET

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DATE 110 W bullbull TITLE Merp-Kv DESCRIPTION

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AT THE EPA NEW ENGLAND SUPERFUND RECORDS CENTER BOSTONMA

drum disposal area) and west (ie Hundred Acre Pond) of the site and to evaluate if a VOC plume exists in the bedrock aquifer in the vicinity of the URI pond However the VOC data collected to date indicates that Landfill Areas FA2 FA3 and FAS are not significantly contributing to the VOCs in groundwater beneath the site

Pore Water

As part of a supplemental investigation completed in May 2003 27 pore water samples were collected at the URI pond located to the east of FA4 as shown on Figure 1-1 This pore water sampling investigated whether elevated PCE and TCE concentrations detected at SWSD-01 in January 2002 were a reflection of groundwater flow to the pond and were used to direct a Geoprobe groundwater investigation in the vicinity of the pond Volatile organic compounds were detected in 18 out of 27 pore water samples and included PCE and TCE and their breakdown products 12-DCA and cis-l2-l)CE (see Table 1-3) Detected concentrations of PCE in pore water ranged from 7 ugL to 360E ugL in exceedence of the USEPA Maximum Contaminants Level (MCL) of 5 ugL The highest concentration of PCE were detected at PW-20 (200E ugL) PW-21 (360E ugL) and PW-23 (220 ugL) located on the eastern edge of the pond Detected concentrations of TCE in pore water ranged from 55 ugL to 56E ugL in exceedence of the MCL of 5 ugL for this compound The highest concentration of TCE were also detected at PW-20 (36 ugL) PW-21 (56E ugL) and PW-23 (35 ugL) located on the eastern edge of the pond The results of the pore water sampling indicate that the URI pond is being impacted by PCE and TCE from upgradient groundwater This data also clearly indicates that there is not a dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) source in the pond itself or in the direct vicinity of the pond

Table 1-3 Detected VOCs in Pore Water from URI Pond

Sample ID

PW-1

PW-2 PW-3

PW-4

PW-5

PW-6

PW-7

PW-8

PW-9

PW-10

PW-11

PW-13

PW-14

PW-15

PW-16

PW-17

PW-18

PW-19

PW-20

Date Collected

5703

5803 5803

5603

5703

5703

5703

5703

5703

5703

5703

5803

5803

5803

5703

5603

5603

5603

5703

Tetrachloroethene

11 ND 13

ND

7

71 86

23 ND ND

82 ND

ND

17 ND

19

30

23

200 E

Trichloroethene

ND

ND ND ND

ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND

ND ND

ND

11

87

17 36

1 2-DichIoroethane

neL ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

55 ND

72

cis-l2-Dichloroethene

ND

83 ND

ND

ND

ND ND

54 ND ND

ND

ND ND

ND

ND

ND

12

35 15

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-7 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

Date Tetrachloroethene Trichloroethene 12-Dichloroethane cis-l2-Dichloroethene Sample ID Collected HSL

PW-21 5703 360 E 56 E 12 ND PW-22 5703 140 31 64 21 PW-23 5703 220 35 77 79 PW-24 5603 22 ND ND 12

PW-25 5803 ND ND ND ND PW-25

Duplicate 5803 ND ND ND ND

PW-26 5803 20 55 ND ND

PW-27 5803 ND ND ND ND ND = not detected above the laboratory reporting limit E = Estimated value exceeds calibration limit of analytical instrument

Surface Water

Seven (7) surface water samples have been collected at the site in both January 2003 and May 2003 as shown on Figure 1-1 Of these VOCs have been detected in the three surface water samples (SW-01 SW-06 and SW-07) collected at the URI pond located to the east of FA4 Detected VOCs included PCE TCE and trichlorofluoromethane (see Table 1-4) PCE has been detected in SW-01 SW-06 and SW-07 at concentrations of 20 ugL 14 ugL and 14 ugL respectively TCE was detected at SW-01 at 6 ugL Trichlorofluoromethane was detected at SW-01 at 1J ugL No VOCs have been detected in surface water samples collected from other on-site surface water bodies

Table 1-4 Detected VOCs in Surface Water

Tetrachloroethene Trichloroethene Trichlorofluoromethane

Sample ID Date Collected UgL

SW-01 1803 20 6 1J SW-02 1803 ND ND ND SW-03 1803 ND ND ND SW-04 1803 ND ND ND SW-05 1803 ND ND ND SW-06 5703 14 ND ND SW-07 5703 14 ND ND

ND = Not detected above the laboratory reporting limit J = Estimated value reported below the PQL

Sediment

Eight (8) sediment samples have been collected at the site in either January 2003 or May 2003 as shown on Figure 1-1 The results of this sampling indicate that sediments in the URI pond located to the east of FA4 have detectable concentrations of site-related VOCs Volatile organic compounds have been detected in two sediment samples (SD-01 and SD-07) collected from the URI pond and include PCE TCE and cis-l2-DCE (see Table 1-5) At SD-01 PCE and TCE were detected at concentrations of 538 ugkg (748 ugkg in the duplicate) and 136J ugkg (186 ugkg in the duplicate) respectively At SD-07 TCE and cis-l2-DCE were detected at 32 ugkg and 105 (igkg respectively No VOCs have been detected in sediment samples collected from other on-site surface water bodies

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-8 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

Table 1-5 Detected VOCs in Sediment

Sample ID Date Collected Tetrachloroethene Trichloroethene cis-l2-Dichloroethene Hgkg

SD-1 1803 573 136 J ND SD-1 duplicate 1803 748 186 ND

SD-2 1803 ND ND ND SD-3 1803 ND ND ND SD-4 1803 ND ND ND SD-5 1803 ND ND ND SD-6 5803 ND ND ND SD-7 5803 ND 32 105 SD-8 5803 ND ND ND

ND = Not detected above the laboratory reporting limit J = Estimated value

122 Seismic Results

Proposed monitoring well locations are based upon the VOC sampling results and the findings of the seismic refraction survey completed by Northeast Geophysical Services (NGS) in MarchApril 2003 The seismic report from NGS including cross-sectional views of the site geology

The depth to bedrock varies sharply across the site ranging from 10 to 30 feet below ground surface (bgs) from the easternmost edge of the site (ie former Drum Storage Area and gravel bank) to the center of the site (ie URI pond) and then slopes sharply down towards the turf fields Depths to bedrock increase sharply from 30 feet bgs beginning immediately west of the URI ponds and plateau to 150 feet bgs below the turfs fields to the west of Plains Road The overburden layer ranging in thickness from 10 to 150 feet moving east to west across the site has been characterized as loose textured unsorted and unstratified sand with lesser amount of clay and gravel (RJDEM SOW October 2001) The interpreted water table is quite flat under the western side of the site (ie across Plains Road) and rises with the surface and bedrock topography to the east and becomes quite shallow (ie less than 8 feet) in the vicinity of the former drum storage area (see Figure 3-2)

The results of the seismic survey have been used to 1) develop the current site conceptual model 2) develop the locations and depths of the proposed overburden monitoring wells and 3) identify zones of decreased bedrock velocity Lower velocity bedrock zones are possible fracture zones within the bedrock and were used to locate proposed bedrock monitoring well locations

123 Groundwater Flow Model

Figure 1-3 depicts the flow direction of groundwater from the former drum storage area in the simulated groundwater flow system at the URI Site This flow simulation was completed in a MODFLOW three-dimensional finite difference groundwater model completed by Woodard amp Curran (USGS McDonald and Harbaugh 1988) A more detailed description of the groundwater modeling effort for this entire site is provided in Appendix B In order to depict groundwater flow directions MODPATH a finite difference particle tracking software using MODFLOW was used

The groundwater potentiometric surface is depicted by the blue contour lines presented at five foot intervals on Figure 1-3 The flow paths are drawn perpendicular to the contour lines in red and indicate

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-9 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

the direction of groundwater movement from the former drum storage area Particles were placed in the till located above bedrock on the highlands east of the site in the vicinity of the former drum storage area released into the flow-field and tracked to provide a visual representation of contaminant flow at the site Flow occurs from the till covered bedrock highlands east of the landfill (ie former drum storage area) towards Hundred Acre Pond located west of the site This pond is a part of the larger Chipuxet River that flows from northeast to southwest west Groundwater flow is in a deeper unconsolidated till and lower down valley fillglacial outwash deposits groundwater begins to flow in a more northwesterly direction toward Hundred Acre Pond As groundwater approaches Hundred Acre Pond it turns abruptly apparently due west as it is influenced by the small steeply sloped unnamed hill adjacent to Hundred Acre Pond

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-10 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

Former Drum Disposal

Figure 1-3 Preliminary Groundwater Model

I Ongnials tn color Monitoring Well Work Plan West Kingston Town DumpURI Disposal Area Site

S Kingstown Rhode Island WOODARDampCURRANshy

205 540wipfiguresgwmodel cnv

2 PROJECT PLANNING

This section describes specific details concerning the installation and testing methods for the LTMN Included are the drilling method monitoring well construction details and aquifer testing methods Also discussed are field work-related activities that include health and safety issues and the handling of investigation derived waste (IDW) The field work associated with this work plan will be conducted in accordance with the site-specific Final Quality Assurance Project Plan (Including the Sampling and Analysis Plan) for the Remedial Investigation at the West Kingston Town DumpURI Disposal Area South Kingstown Rhode Island Health amp Safety Plan for the Remedial Investigation at the West Kingston Town DumpURI Disposal Area South Kingstown Rhode Island both dated August 2002 and the Vertical Profiling amp Monitoring Well Installation Plan dated July 2004 (see Appendix C)

21 DRILLING TECHNIQUES

The drilling techniques for the overburden and bedrock wells are described in Appendix C

22 DOWN HOLE GEOPHYSICAL METHODS

The geophysical methods are described in Appendix C

23 MONITORING WELL DEVELOPMENT

Monitoring wells will be developed to remove fine material which may be present in the vicinity of the well screen Monitoring wells will be developed using a surge block or over pumping to agitate the sand pack and draw loose formation material into the well screen A pump may be placed in the well to remove fine sediment that has been collected or the well may be bailed Pumping and surging actions will be alternated as appropriate until the groundwater removed from the well is visually free of fine sand and silt Development water from monitoring wells will be containerized for testing and disposal

The following general procedures will be used for monitoring well development

1 Decontaminate all pumping and tubing equipment prior to use in each monitoring well

2 Attach a surge block if used to an appropriate length of rods so the surge block extends down into the well screen

3 Rapidly raise and lower (surge) the block over the entire length of the well screen to loosen fine material from the sand pack and help establish the sand pack as a filter mechanism

4 After several minutes of surging remove well water Continue pumping or bailing for several minutes or until the water appears sediment-free

5 Continue the cycle of surging andor pumping until the water appears sediment-free with minimal well water removal after surging

6 Monitoring well development will not be conducted until 24-hours after installation During development pH temperature and specific conductivity will be measured as an indication of stabilization

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 2-1 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

7 Turbidity will be measured during this process as an indication of the development progress The goal will be 5 NTUs However after a reasonable effort (1 hour) is made to meet this goal and no significant progress is made toward the 5 NTU goal the development process will be discontinued

8 A filtered and an unfiltered groundwater sample may be collected if 5 NTUs is not met during subsequent groundwater sampling events

9 Record development activities and observations in the field log book

24 IN-SITU HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY TESTING (RISING HEAD TEST)

Woodard amp Curran will use flow and recharge measurements collected during low flow sampling events of the wells to measure discharge and drawdown over time to calculate the hydraulic conductivity The hydraulic conductivity for each well will be estimated using either the Hvorslev (1954) or the Bower-Rice (1976) method depending on the distribution of the data The standard operating procedure for the rising head tests was included in the Final Quality Assurance Project Plan (Including the Sampling and Analysis Plan) for the West Kingston Town DumpURIDisposal Area Site dated August 2002

25 GROUNDWATER ELEVATION MEASUREMENTS

Groundwater elevation measurements will be obtained using an electronic water level indicator which identifies the water level using an electronic current The following general procedures will be followed to collect water levels

1 Remove the cap from the top of the PVC riser

2 The highest point of the PVC rim will be permanently marked as a reference point

3 Place a decontaminated electronic water level sensor down the well

4 Listen for the audible signal indicating the sensor has reached the water level inside the well

5 Fine-tune the depth at which the sensor first rings by slowly raising and lowering the sensor until an accurate depth to water is found This will be measured and recorded to the nearest 001 foot

6 On the graduated cable attaching the sensor to the reel record the depth of the water from the highest point of the PVC rim

7 Record the time date and water level depth data in the field log book

The water elevation data will be used to interpret groundwater flow directions Measurements will be obtained periodically during the field program and during subsequent groundwater sampling events as required in the SOW

26 HEALTH amp SAFETY

The field work associated with this work plan will be conducted in accordance with the site-specific Health amp Safety Plan (HASP) for the Remedial Investigation at the West Kingston Town DumpURI Disposal Area South Kingstown Rhode Island dated August 2002 All work will be performed at Level D personal protection equipment as described in the HASP The HASP describes the necessary

West KtngstonURI Superfund Site 2-2 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

precautions to be taken to monitor the breathing zone and protect workers from potential dermal exposures

27 SURVEY

Monitoring well elevations and coordinates will be surveyed The well locations will be measured to the nearest meter and reported using the State Plane Coordinate System The elevations of the newly installed monitoring wells will be established using differential survey leveling techniques with an accuracy of+-001 feet

28 MANAGEMENT OF IDW

The management of investigation derived waste (IDW) is described in Appendix C

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 2-3 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE PAGE NO

Figure 1-1 Detected VOCs in Groundwater 1-5

Figure 1-2 Interpretive Overburden VOC Plume 1-6

Figure 1-3 Groundwater Model 1-11

Figure 4-1 Proposed Pore Water Sampling Locations 4-2

APPENDICES

Appendix A Groundwater Surface Water Sediment and Pore Water Results

Appendix B Groundwater Model Report

Appendix C Vertical Profiling amp Monitoring Well Installation Plan

West KingstonURI Superfund Site ii Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

1 INTRODUCTION

This document presents the proposed Long-Term Monitoring Well Network Work Plan (LTMN Work Plan) for the West Kingston Town DumpUniversity of Rhode Island Disposal Area Superfund Site (WKUPvI Site) in South Kingstown Rhode Island This Work Plan has been developed to provide the rationale and specific details for the installation and monitoring of the long-term groundwater monitoring network (see Appendix C Vertical Profiling amp Monitoring Well Installation Plan)

In addition this Work Plan includes the proposed pore water surface water and sediment investigation to characterize the potential impact to Hundred Acre Pond by site-related contaminants in accordance with the requirements of the scope of work described in the Final Work Plan for the Remedial Investigation at the West Kingston Town DumpURI Disposal Area Site (Woodard amp Cumin August 2002) approved by the Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management (RTDEM) in August 2002 As previously noted by RIDEM the specific list of analytes and sampling frequency mav be modified as new information becomes available during the first several rounds of groundwater sampling The specifics presented in this plan are based on our current understanding of the site conditions

The following sections describe the goals of the LTMN and the current conceptual site understanding that has been used to develop the LTMN Section 2 of this Work Plan describes the general methods and materials that will be used to implement the monitoring wells network Section 3 provides a summary of the proposed monitoring well network A separate plan has been developed for the installation of the monitoring well network This work plan titled Vertical Profiling and Monitoring Well Installation Plan is provided as Appendix C to the LTMN plan Section 4 is a discussion of our proposed approach for a focused investigation of Hundred Acre Pond

11 PROJECT GOALS

The goal of the LTMN for the WKURI Site is to both monitor and evaluate groundwater quality beneath the Site Specifically the well network described in this Work Plan has been designed with two goals

1 As required by the RIDEM landfill closure regulations the well network will be used as a compliance tool to monitor and track changes in groundwater water quality conditions necessary to evaluate the long-term protectiveness of the landfill caps The LTMN will consist of a series of new and existing overburden and bedrock monitoring wells that will serve this purpose and is described in further detail in Section 3 and Appendix C

2 This well network is also designed to address data gaps in our current site understanding As discussed further in Subsection 12 field investigations completed to date have identified the presence of tetrachloroethylene (PCE) and trichloroethylene (TCE) in surface water and overburden groundwater on the eastern portion of the URI site Therefore additional groundwater data is required to complete the site conceptual model To address these data gaps additional characterization of groundwater quality is required in the following site areas

bull Upgradient of the URI pond and downgradient of the former drum disposal area

bull The bedrock aquifer and

bull Hundred Acre Pond and vicinity

Once installed the LTMN will provide information on the groundwater quality across the site Section 4 of this Work Plan describes our approach to characterize the nature and distribution of site-related

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-1 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

compounds directly to Hundred Acre through a focused pore water surface water and sediment investigation

12 UNDERSTANDING OF SITE CONDITIONS

Woodard amp Curran (WampC) has developed this LTMN Work Plan based on our current site conceptual model including the nature and distribution of site-related compounds site geology (seismic survey) and groundwater flow Table 1-1 provides a summary of analyses already performed by media

Table 1-1 Summary of Analysis JmntMPiiiTriNRmftftfrtfuMii SK^saswampaieaaampMfetiai]

JHBBFwMWrrnHPIP |lj SHsMT3iSl IflPAfeSKilSiS^iSSfl

B^fr ampVriiimamprfiregampamp$KSwSldiJRMpW laquoiis gtbullbullpound mis GP-01 through GP-21 Groundwater 1202 to 103 VOC - 8260 Fix Based

Laboratory Metals - RCRA 8

SW-1 through SW-5 Surface Water 103 VOC - 8260 Fix Based Laboratory

SVOC - 8270

Metals - TAL

SD-1 through SD5 Sediments 103 VOC - 8260 Fix Based Laboratory

SVOC - 8270

Metals - TAL

Pest -8081

PCBs - 8082

PW-1 through PW-27 Pore-Water 503 VOC - Modified Field Laboratory (1) 8260

GP-22 through GP-39 Groundwater 503 VOC - Modified Field Laboratory (1) 8260

SD-6 through SD-8 Sediments 503 VOC - Modified Field Laboratory (1) 8260

SW-6 and SW-7 Surface Water 503 VOC - Modified Field Laboratory (1) 8260

RES 892 and RES 902 Groundwater 603 VOC - 8260 Fix Based Laboratory

RES 870 Groundwater 1003 VOC - 8260 Fix Based Laboratory

Notes (1) Field analytical work was supplemented with a minimum of 10 split-samples to a fix based laboratory to evaluate field 8260 method results

121 Nature and Distribution of Site-Related Contaminants

In accordance with the Final Work Plan for the Remedial Investigation at the West Kingston Town DumpURI Disposal Area Site (Woodard amp Curran August 2002) and the Revised Scope of Work for the Supplemental URI Investigation (Woodard amp Curran April 2003) sampling of bedrock and overburden

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-2 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

groundwater surface water sediment and pore water at the site has been conducted The findings from these investigations are presented below Comprehensive analytical results are included in Appendix A

Groundwater

During two field investigations completed in December 2002January 2002 and May 2003 seventy (70) groundwater samples were collected from on-site and off-site locations using a Geoprobe sampling device and analyzed for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) In addition two bedrock residential wells were samples for VOCs in June 2003 During the December 2002January 2003 Geoprobe investigationa site wide groundwater sampling event was conducted that included collection and analysis of 44 groundwater samples from various depths (GP-01 through GP-21) In May 2003 a focused Geoprobe investigation was then conducted in the vicinity of the URI pond located to the east of FA4 that included collection and analysis of 26 groundwater samples from various depths (GP-22 through GP-39) A summary of the groundwater sampling locations and results are depicted on Figure 1-1 A summary of Geoprobe explorations and refusal depths are provided in Table 1-2

During the December 2002January 2003 Geoprobe groundwater sampling event TCE was the only VOC detected in exceedence of its 5 ugL Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) TCE was detected at GP-20B (98 bgs) and GP-20A (68 bgs) located downgradient and west of FA4 and the URI pond at concentrations of 8 ugL at each location

As shown on Figure 1-1 the most frequently detected VOCs at the site are PCE and TCE which have been detected in the highest concentrations primarily in samples collected east of the URI pond during the focused May 2003 investigation (ie GP-23 GP-24 GP-25 GP-28 GP-29 GP-32 GP-33 GP-35 GPshy36 GP-37) Detected PCE concentrations in these samples to the east of the URI pond ranged from 21 ugL to 320E ugL at depths ranging from 5 to 31 feet below ground surface (bgs) The highest detected groundwater PCE concentration was reported from 14 feet below the ground surface at GP-28 (320E ugL) located on the eastern side of the URI pond at the toe of the embankment and directly upgradient of pore water sample PW-21 the pore water sample with the highest PCE concentration Detected TCE concentrations in these samples ranged from 18 ugL to 96E ugL The highest detected groundwater TCE concentration was also reported from 14 feet below the ground surface at GP-28 (96 E ugL)

In June 2003 two groundwater samples were collected from the residential bedrock samples located at 892 and 902 Plains Road Samples were analyzed for VOCs Casing lengths for these two bedrock wells are not known but is assumed to be at a minimum the depth to bedrock in this area which was measured during the seismic survey at approximately 140 feet bgs Well 870 was sampled in October of 2003 and was also reported as non-detect for VOCs The casing depth on this well is estimated at approximately 120 feet bgs The other existing bedrock monitoring well at the site GW-01 was installed without a secondary steel casing to a total depth of 25 feet bgs

There were no VOCs reported for the two bedrock wells at 892 and 902 Plains Road

An interpretive PCETCE plume for the overburden groundwater has been developed using the groundwater data collected to date as well as historic monitoring well data (ie GW-01 through GW-04) and is presented in Figure 1-2 As shown on the figure a narrow overburden PCETCE plume exists at the site which may extend from the former drum disposal area across the site through the URI pond and FA4 and toward Hundred Acre Pond However at this time the outer boundaries of this plume (ie both the inferred upgradient and downgradient ends of the plume) have not been established and represent data gaps in the current site conceptual model As discussed previously in Section 11 additional groundwater data is required to determine the extent of this VOC plume to the east (ie up to the former

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-3 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

Table 1-2 Summary of GeoProbe Explorations

Location Identification

GP-01 GP-02 GP-03 GP-04 GP-06 GP-07 GP-08 GP-08 GP-10 GP-11 GP-13 GP-14 GP-15 GP-17 GP-18 GP-19 GP-20 GP-21 GP-22 GP-23 GP-24 GP-25 GP-26 GP-27 GP-28 GP-29 GP-30 GP-31 GP-32 GP-33 GP-34 GP-35 GP-36 GP-37 GP-38 GP-39

Boring Depth Refusal (ft) below ground surface

68 17 14

105 14 12 68 22 56 34 58 68 66 71 71 26 95 96 12 18 16 16 23 33 16 10 28 35 21 17 20 11 12

115 11 12

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-4 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

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drum disposal area) and west (ie Hundred Acre Pond) of the site and to evaluate if a VOC plume exists in the bedrock aquifer in the vicinity of the URI pond However the VOC data collected to date indicates that Landfill Areas FA2 FA3 and FAS are not significantly contributing to the VOCs in groundwater beneath the site

Pore Water

As part of a supplemental investigation completed in May 2003 27 pore water samples were collected at the URI pond located to the east of FA4 as shown on Figure 1-1 This pore water sampling investigated whether elevated PCE and TCE concentrations detected at SWSD-01 in January 2002 were a reflection of groundwater flow to the pond and were used to direct a Geoprobe groundwater investigation in the vicinity of the pond Volatile organic compounds were detected in 18 out of 27 pore water samples and included PCE and TCE and their breakdown products 12-DCA and cis-l2-l)CE (see Table 1-3) Detected concentrations of PCE in pore water ranged from 7 ugL to 360E ugL in exceedence of the USEPA Maximum Contaminants Level (MCL) of 5 ugL The highest concentration of PCE were detected at PW-20 (200E ugL) PW-21 (360E ugL) and PW-23 (220 ugL) located on the eastern edge of the pond Detected concentrations of TCE in pore water ranged from 55 ugL to 56E ugL in exceedence of the MCL of 5 ugL for this compound The highest concentration of TCE were also detected at PW-20 (36 ugL) PW-21 (56E ugL) and PW-23 (35 ugL) located on the eastern edge of the pond The results of the pore water sampling indicate that the URI pond is being impacted by PCE and TCE from upgradient groundwater This data also clearly indicates that there is not a dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) source in the pond itself or in the direct vicinity of the pond

Table 1-3 Detected VOCs in Pore Water from URI Pond

Sample ID

PW-1

PW-2 PW-3

PW-4

PW-5

PW-6

PW-7

PW-8

PW-9

PW-10

PW-11

PW-13

PW-14

PW-15

PW-16

PW-17

PW-18

PW-19

PW-20

Date Collected

5703

5803 5803

5603

5703

5703

5703

5703

5703

5703

5703

5803

5803

5803

5703

5603

5603

5603

5703

Tetrachloroethene

11 ND 13

ND

7

71 86

23 ND ND

82 ND

ND

17 ND

19

30

23

200 E

Trichloroethene

ND

ND ND ND

ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND

ND ND

ND

11

87

17 36

1 2-DichIoroethane

neL ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

55 ND

72

cis-l2-Dichloroethene

ND

83 ND

ND

ND

ND ND

54 ND ND

ND

ND ND

ND

ND

ND

12

35 15

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-7 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

Date Tetrachloroethene Trichloroethene 12-Dichloroethane cis-l2-Dichloroethene Sample ID Collected HSL

PW-21 5703 360 E 56 E 12 ND PW-22 5703 140 31 64 21 PW-23 5703 220 35 77 79 PW-24 5603 22 ND ND 12

PW-25 5803 ND ND ND ND PW-25

Duplicate 5803 ND ND ND ND

PW-26 5803 20 55 ND ND

PW-27 5803 ND ND ND ND ND = not detected above the laboratory reporting limit E = Estimated value exceeds calibration limit of analytical instrument

Surface Water

Seven (7) surface water samples have been collected at the site in both January 2003 and May 2003 as shown on Figure 1-1 Of these VOCs have been detected in the three surface water samples (SW-01 SW-06 and SW-07) collected at the URI pond located to the east of FA4 Detected VOCs included PCE TCE and trichlorofluoromethane (see Table 1-4) PCE has been detected in SW-01 SW-06 and SW-07 at concentrations of 20 ugL 14 ugL and 14 ugL respectively TCE was detected at SW-01 at 6 ugL Trichlorofluoromethane was detected at SW-01 at 1J ugL No VOCs have been detected in surface water samples collected from other on-site surface water bodies

Table 1-4 Detected VOCs in Surface Water

Tetrachloroethene Trichloroethene Trichlorofluoromethane

Sample ID Date Collected UgL

SW-01 1803 20 6 1J SW-02 1803 ND ND ND SW-03 1803 ND ND ND SW-04 1803 ND ND ND SW-05 1803 ND ND ND SW-06 5703 14 ND ND SW-07 5703 14 ND ND

ND = Not detected above the laboratory reporting limit J = Estimated value reported below the PQL

Sediment

Eight (8) sediment samples have been collected at the site in either January 2003 or May 2003 as shown on Figure 1-1 The results of this sampling indicate that sediments in the URI pond located to the east of FA4 have detectable concentrations of site-related VOCs Volatile organic compounds have been detected in two sediment samples (SD-01 and SD-07) collected from the URI pond and include PCE TCE and cis-l2-DCE (see Table 1-5) At SD-01 PCE and TCE were detected at concentrations of 538 ugkg (748 ugkg in the duplicate) and 136J ugkg (186 ugkg in the duplicate) respectively At SD-07 TCE and cis-l2-DCE were detected at 32 ugkg and 105 (igkg respectively No VOCs have been detected in sediment samples collected from other on-site surface water bodies

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-8 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

Table 1-5 Detected VOCs in Sediment

Sample ID Date Collected Tetrachloroethene Trichloroethene cis-l2-Dichloroethene Hgkg

SD-1 1803 573 136 J ND SD-1 duplicate 1803 748 186 ND

SD-2 1803 ND ND ND SD-3 1803 ND ND ND SD-4 1803 ND ND ND SD-5 1803 ND ND ND SD-6 5803 ND ND ND SD-7 5803 ND 32 105 SD-8 5803 ND ND ND

ND = Not detected above the laboratory reporting limit J = Estimated value

122 Seismic Results

Proposed monitoring well locations are based upon the VOC sampling results and the findings of the seismic refraction survey completed by Northeast Geophysical Services (NGS) in MarchApril 2003 The seismic report from NGS including cross-sectional views of the site geology

The depth to bedrock varies sharply across the site ranging from 10 to 30 feet below ground surface (bgs) from the easternmost edge of the site (ie former Drum Storage Area and gravel bank) to the center of the site (ie URI pond) and then slopes sharply down towards the turf fields Depths to bedrock increase sharply from 30 feet bgs beginning immediately west of the URI ponds and plateau to 150 feet bgs below the turfs fields to the west of Plains Road The overburden layer ranging in thickness from 10 to 150 feet moving east to west across the site has been characterized as loose textured unsorted and unstratified sand with lesser amount of clay and gravel (RJDEM SOW October 2001) The interpreted water table is quite flat under the western side of the site (ie across Plains Road) and rises with the surface and bedrock topography to the east and becomes quite shallow (ie less than 8 feet) in the vicinity of the former drum storage area (see Figure 3-2)

The results of the seismic survey have been used to 1) develop the current site conceptual model 2) develop the locations and depths of the proposed overburden monitoring wells and 3) identify zones of decreased bedrock velocity Lower velocity bedrock zones are possible fracture zones within the bedrock and were used to locate proposed bedrock monitoring well locations

123 Groundwater Flow Model

Figure 1-3 depicts the flow direction of groundwater from the former drum storage area in the simulated groundwater flow system at the URI Site This flow simulation was completed in a MODFLOW three-dimensional finite difference groundwater model completed by Woodard amp Curran (USGS McDonald and Harbaugh 1988) A more detailed description of the groundwater modeling effort for this entire site is provided in Appendix B In order to depict groundwater flow directions MODPATH a finite difference particle tracking software using MODFLOW was used

The groundwater potentiometric surface is depicted by the blue contour lines presented at five foot intervals on Figure 1-3 The flow paths are drawn perpendicular to the contour lines in red and indicate

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-9 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

the direction of groundwater movement from the former drum storage area Particles were placed in the till located above bedrock on the highlands east of the site in the vicinity of the former drum storage area released into the flow-field and tracked to provide a visual representation of contaminant flow at the site Flow occurs from the till covered bedrock highlands east of the landfill (ie former drum storage area) towards Hundred Acre Pond located west of the site This pond is a part of the larger Chipuxet River that flows from northeast to southwest west Groundwater flow is in a deeper unconsolidated till and lower down valley fillglacial outwash deposits groundwater begins to flow in a more northwesterly direction toward Hundred Acre Pond As groundwater approaches Hundred Acre Pond it turns abruptly apparently due west as it is influenced by the small steeply sloped unnamed hill adjacent to Hundred Acre Pond

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-10 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

Former Drum Disposal

Figure 1-3 Preliminary Groundwater Model

I Ongnials tn color Monitoring Well Work Plan West Kingston Town DumpURI Disposal Area Site

S Kingstown Rhode Island WOODARDampCURRANshy

205 540wipfiguresgwmodel cnv

2 PROJECT PLANNING

This section describes specific details concerning the installation and testing methods for the LTMN Included are the drilling method monitoring well construction details and aquifer testing methods Also discussed are field work-related activities that include health and safety issues and the handling of investigation derived waste (IDW) The field work associated with this work plan will be conducted in accordance with the site-specific Final Quality Assurance Project Plan (Including the Sampling and Analysis Plan) for the Remedial Investigation at the West Kingston Town DumpURI Disposal Area South Kingstown Rhode Island Health amp Safety Plan for the Remedial Investigation at the West Kingston Town DumpURI Disposal Area South Kingstown Rhode Island both dated August 2002 and the Vertical Profiling amp Monitoring Well Installation Plan dated July 2004 (see Appendix C)

21 DRILLING TECHNIQUES

The drilling techniques for the overburden and bedrock wells are described in Appendix C

22 DOWN HOLE GEOPHYSICAL METHODS

The geophysical methods are described in Appendix C

23 MONITORING WELL DEVELOPMENT

Monitoring wells will be developed to remove fine material which may be present in the vicinity of the well screen Monitoring wells will be developed using a surge block or over pumping to agitate the sand pack and draw loose formation material into the well screen A pump may be placed in the well to remove fine sediment that has been collected or the well may be bailed Pumping and surging actions will be alternated as appropriate until the groundwater removed from the well is visually free of fine sand and silt Development water from monitoring wells will be containerized for testing and disposal

The following general procedures will be used for monitoring well development

1 Decontaminate all pumping and tubing equipment prior to use in each monitoring well

2 Attach a surge block if used to an appropriate length of rods so the surge block extends down into the well screen

3 Rapidly raise and lower (surge) the block over the entire length of the well screen to loosen fine material from the sand pack and help establish the sand pack as a filter mechanism

4 After several minutes of surging remove well water Continue pumping or bailing for several minutes or until the water appears sediment-free

5 Continue the cycle of surging andor pumping until the water appears sediment-free with minimal well water removal after surging

6 Monitoring well development will not be conducted until 24-hours after installation During development pH temperature and specific conductivity will be measured as an indication of stabilization

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 2-1 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

7 Turbidity will be measured during this process as an indication of the development progress The goal will be 5 NTUs However after a reasonable effort (1 hour) is made to meet this goal and no significant progress is made toward the 5 NTU goal the development process will be discontinued

8 A filtered and an unfiltered groundwater sample may be collected if 5 NTUs is not met during subsequent groundwater sampling events

9 Record development activities and observations in the field log book

24 IN-SITU HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY TESTING (RISING HEAD TEST)

Woodard amp Curran will use flow and recharge measurements collected during low flow sampling events of the wells to measure discharge and drawdown over time to calculate the hydraulic conductivity The hydraulic conductivity for each well will be estimated using either the Hvorslev (1954) or the Bower-Rice (1976) method depending on the distribution of the data The standard operating procedure for the rising head tests was included in the Final Quality Assurance Project Plan (Including the Sampling and Analysis Plan) for the West Kingston Town DumpURIDisposal Area Site dated August 2002

25 GROUNDWATER ELEVATION MEASUREMENTS

Groundwater elevation measurements will be obtained using an electronic water level indicator which identifies the water level using an electronic current The following general procedures will be followed to collect water levels

1 Remove the cap from the top of the PVC riser

2 The highest point of the PVC rim will be permanently marked as a reference point

3 Place a decontaminated electronic water level sensor down the well

4 Listen for the audible signal indicating the sensor has reached the water level inside the well

5 Fine-tune the depth at which the sensor first rings by slowly raising and lowering the sensor until an accurate depth to water is found This will be measured and recorded to the nearest 001 foot

6 On the graduated cable attaching the sensor to the reel record the depth of the water from the highest point of the PVC rim

7 Record the time date and water level depth data in the field log book

The water elevation data will be used to interpret groundwater flow directions Measurements will be obtained periodically during the field program and during subsequent groundwater sampling events as required in the SOW

26 HEALTH amp SAFETY

The field work associated with this work plan will be conducted in accordance with the site-specific Health amp Safety Plan (HASP) for the Remedial Investigation at the West Kingston Town DumpURI Disposal Area South Kingstown Rhode Island dated August 2002 All work will be performed at Level D personal protection equipment as described in the HASP The HASP describes the necessary

West KtngstonURI Superfund Site 2-2 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

precautions to be taken to monitor the breathing zone and protect workers from potential dermal exposures

27 SURVEY

Monitoring well elevations and coordinates will be surveyed The well locations will be measured to the nearest meter and reported using the State Plane Coordinate System The elevations of the newly installed monitoring wells will be established using differential survey leveling techniques with an accuracy of+-001 feet

28 MANAGEMENT OF IDW

The management of investigation derived waste (IDW) is described in Appendix C

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 2-3 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

1 INTRODUCTION

This document presents the proposed Long-Term Monitoring Well Network Work Plan (LTMN Work Plan) for the West Kingston Town DumpUniversity of Rhode Island Disposal Area Superfund Site (WKUPvI Site) in South Kingstown Rhode Island This Work Plan has been developed to provide the rationale and specific details for the installation and monitoring of the long-term groundwater monitoring network (see Appendix C Vertical Profiling amp Monitoring Well Installation Plan)

In addition this Work Plan includes the proposed pore water surface water and sediment investigation to characterize the potential impact to Hundred Acre Pond by site-related contaminants in accordance with the requirements of the scope of work described in the Final Work Plan for the Remedial Investigation at the West Kingston Town DumpURI Disposal Area Site (Woodard amp Cumin August 2002) approved by the Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management (RTDEM) in August 2002 As previously noted by RIDEM the specific list of analytes and sampling frequency mav be modified as new information becomes available during the first several rounds of groundwater sampling The specifics presented in this plan are based on our current understanding of the site conditions

The following sections describe the goals of the LTMN and the current conceptual site understanding that has been used to develop the LTMN Section 2 of this Work Plan describes the general methods and materials that will be used to implement the monitoring wells network Section 3 provides a summary of the proposed monitoring well network A separate plan has been developed for the installation of the monitoring well network This work plan titled Vertical Profiling and Monitoring Well Installation Plan is provided as Appendix C to the LTMN plan Section 4 is a discussion of our proposed approach for a focused investigation of Hundred Acre Pond

11 PROJECT GOALS

The goal of the LTMN for the WKURI Site is to both monitor and evaluate groundwater quality beneath the Site Specifically the well network described in this Work Plan has been designed with two goals

1 As required by the RIDEM landfill closure regulations the well network will be used as a compliance tool to monitor and track changes in groundwater water quality conditions necessary to evaluate the long-term protectiveness of the landfill caps The LTMN will consist of a series of new and existing overburden and bedrock monitoring wells that will serve this purpose and is described in further detail in Section 3 and Appendix C

2 This well network is also designed to address data gaps in our current site understanding As discussed further in Subsection 12 field investigations completed to date have identified the presence of tetrachloroethylene (PCE) and trichloroethylene (TCE) in surface water and overburden groundwater on the eastern portion of the URI site Therefore additional groundwater data is required to complete the site conceptual model To address these data gaps additional characterization of groundwater quality is required in the following site areas

bull Upgradient of the URI pond and downgradient of the former drum disposal area

bull The bedrock aquifer and

bull Hundred Acre Pond and vicinity

Once installed the LTMN will provide information on the groundwater quality across the site Section 4 of this Work Plan describes our approach to characterize the nature and distribution of site-related

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-1 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

compounds directly to Hundred Acre through a focused pore water surface water and sediment investigation

12 UNDERSTANDING OF SITE CONDITIONS

Woodard amp Curran (WampC) has developed this LTMN Work Plan based on our current site conceptual model including the nature and distribution of site-related compounds site geology (seismic survey) and groundwater flow Table 1-1 provides a summary of analyses already performed by media

Table 1-1 Summary of Analysis JmntMPiiiTriNRmftftfrtfuMii SK^saswampaieaaampMfetiai]

JHBBFwMWrrnHPIP |lj SHsMT3iSl IflPAfeSKilSiS^iSSfl

B^fr ampVriiimamprfiregampamp$KSwSldiJRMpW laquoiis gtbullbullpound mis GP-01 through GP-21 Groundwater 1202 to 103 VOC - 8260 Fix Based

Laboratory Metals - RCRA 8

SW-1 through SW-5 Surface Water 103 VOC - 8260 Fix Based Laboratory

SVOC - 8270

Metals - TAL

SD-1 through SD5 Sediments 103 VOC - 8260 Fix Based Laboratory

SVOC - 8270

Metals - TAL

Pest -8081

PCBs - 8082

PW-1 through PW-27 Pore-Water 503 VOC - Modified Field Laboratory (1) 8260

GP-22 through GP-39 Groundwater 503 VOC - Modified Field Laboratory (1) 8260

SD-6 through SD-8 Sediments 503 VOC - Modified Field Laboratory (1) 8260

SW-6 and SW-7 Surface Water 503 VOC - Modified Field Laboratory (1) 8260

RES 892 and RES 902 Groundwater 603 VOC - 8260 Fix Based Laboratory

RES 870 Groundwater 1003 VOC - 8260 Fix Based Laboratory

Notes (1) Field analytical work was supplemented with a minimum of 10 split-samples to a fix based laboratory to evaluate field 8260 method results

121 Nature and Distribution of Site-Related Contaminants

In accordance with the Final Work Plan for the Remedial Investigation at the West Kingston Town DumpURI Disposal Area Site (Woodard amp Curran August 2002) and the Revised Scope of Work for the Supplemental URI Investigation (Woodard amp Curran April 2003) sampling of bedrock and overburden

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-2 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

groundwater surface water sediment and pore water at the site has been conducted The findings from these investigations are presented below Comprehensive analytical results are included in Appendix A

Groundwater

During two field investigations completed in December 2002January 2002 and May 2003 seventy (70) groundwater samples were collected from on-site and off-site locations using a Geoprobe sampling device and analyzed for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) In addition two bedrock residential wells were samples for VOCs in June 2003 During the December 2002January 2003 Geoprobe investigationa site wide groundwater sampling event was conducted that included collection and analysis of 44 groundwater samples from various depths (GP-01 through GP-21) In May 2003 a focused Geoprobe investigation was then conducted in the vicinity of the URI pond located to the east of FA4 that included collection and analysis of 26 groundwater samples from various depths (GP-22 through GP-39) A summary of the groundwater sampling locations and results are depicted on Figure 1-1 A summary of Geoprobe explorations and refusal depths are provided in Table 1-2

During the December 2002January 2003 Geoprobe groundwater sampling event TCE was the only VOC detected in exceedence of its 5 ugL Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) TCE was detected at GP-20B (98 bgs) and GP-20A (68 bgs) located downgradient and west of FA4 and the URI pond at concentrations of 8 ugL at each location

As shown on Figure 1-1 the most frequently detected VOCs at the site are PCE and TCE which have been detected in the highest concentrations primarily in samples collected east of the URI pond during the focused May 2003 investigation (ie GP-23 GP-24 GP-25 GP-28 GP-29 GP-32 GP-33 GP-35 GPshy36 GP-37) Detected PCE concentrations in these samples to the east of the URI pond ranged from 21 ugL to 320E ugL at depths ranging from 5 to 31 feet below ground surface (bgs) The highest detected groundwater PCE concentration was reported from 14 feet below the ground surface at GP-28 (320E ugL) located on the eastern side of the URI pond at the toe of the embankment and directly upgradient of pore water sample PW-21 the pore water sample with the highest PCE concentration Detected TCE concentrations in these samples ranged from 18 ugL to 96E ugL The highest detected groundwater TCE concentration was also reported from 14 feet below the ground surface at GP-28 (96 E ugL)

In June 2003 two groundwater samples were collected from the residential bedrock samples located at 892 and 902 Plains Road Samples were analyzed for VOCs Casing lengths for these two bedrock wells are not known but is assumed to be at a minimum the depth to bedrock in this area which was measured during the seismic survey at approximately 140 feet bgs Well 870 was sampled in October of 2003 and was also reported as non-detect for VOCs The casing depth on this well is estimated at approximately 120 feet bgs The other existing bedrock monitoring well at the site GW-01 was installed without a secondary steel casing to a total depth of 25 feet bgs

There were no VOCs reported for the two bedrock wells at 892 and 902 Plains Road

An interpretive PCETCE plume for the overburden groundwater has been developed using the groundwater data collected to date as well as historic monitoring well data (ie GW-01 through GW-04) and is presented in Figure 1-2 As shown on the figure a narrow overburden PCETCE plume exists at the site which may extend from the former drum disposal area across the site through the URI pond and FA4 and toward Hundred Acre Pond However at this time the outer boundaries of this plume (ie both the inferred upgradient and downgradient ends of the plume) have not been established and represent data gaps in the current site conceptual model As discussed previously in Section 11 additional groundwater data is required to determine the extent of this VOC plume to the east (ie up to the former

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-3 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

Table 1-2 Summary of GeoProbe Explorations

Location Identification

GP-01 GP-02 GP-03 GP-04 GP-06 GP-07 GP-08 GP-08 GP-10 GP-11 GP-13 GP-14 GP-15 GP-17 GP-18 GP-19 GP-20 GP-21 GP-22 GP-23 GP-24 GP-25 GP-26 GP-27 GP-28 GP-29 GP-30 GP-31 GP-32 GP-33 GP-34 GP-35 GP-36 GP-37 GP-38 GP-39

Boring Depth Refusal (ft) below ground surface

68 17 14

105 14 12 68 22 56 34 58 68 66 71 71 26 95 96 12 18 16 16 23 33 16 10 28 35 21 17 20 11 12

115 11 12

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-4 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

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- tij iijjsr-x- M^ ltamppoundbull

TARGET SHEET

THE MATERIAL DESCRIBED BELOW WAS NOT SCANNED BECAUSE

(X) OVERSIZED MAP

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AT THE EPA NEW ENGLAND SUPERFUND RECORDS CENTER BOSTONMA

drum disposal area) and west (ie Hundred Acre Pond) of the site and to evaluate if a VOC plume exists in the bedrock aquifer in the vicinity of the URI pond However the VOC data collected to date indicates that Landfill Areas FA2 FA3 and FAS are not significantly contributing to the VOCs in groundwater beneath the site

Pore Water

As part of a supplemental investigation completed in May 2003 27 pore water samples were collected at the URI pond located to the east of FA4 as shown on Figure 1-1 This pore water sampling investigated whether elevated PCE and TCE concentrations detected at SWSD-01 in January 2002 were a reflection of groundwater flow to the pond and were used to direct a Geoprobe groundwater investigation in the vicinity of the pond Volatile organic compounds were detected in 18 out of 27 pore water samples and included PCE and TCE and their breakdown products 12-DCA and cis-l2-l)CE (see Table 1-3) Detected concentrations of PCE in pore water ranged from 7 ugL to 360E ugL in exceedence of the USEPA Maximum Contaminants Level (MCL) of 5 ugL The highest concentration of PCE were detected at PW-20 (200E ugL) PW-21 (360E ugL) and PW-23 (220 ugL) located on the eastern edge of the pond Detected concentrations of TCE in pore water ranged from 55 ugL to 56E ugL in exceedence of the MCL of 5 ugL for this compound The highest concentration of TCE were also detected at PW-20 (36 ugL) PW-21 (56E ugL) and PW-23 (35 ugL) located on the eastern edge of the pond The results of the pore water sampling indicate that the URI pond is being impacted by PCE and TCE from upgradient groundwater This data also clearly indicates that there is not a dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) source in the pond itself or in the direct vicinity of the pond

Table 1-3 Detected VOCs in Pore Water from URI Pond

Sample ID

PW-1

PW-2 PW-3

PW-4

PW-5

PW-6

PW-7

PW-8

PW-9

PW-10

PW-11

PW-13

PW-14

PW-15

PW-16

PW-17

PW-18

PW-19

PW-20

Date Collected

5703

5803 5803

5603

5703

5703

5703

5703

5703

5703

5703

5803

5803

5803

5703

5603

5603

5603

5703

Tetrachloroethene

11 ND 13

ND

7

71 86

23 ND ND

82 ND

ND

17 ND

19

30

23

200 E

Trichloroethene

ND

ND ND ND

ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND

ND ND

ND

11

87

17 36

1 2-DichIoroethane

neL ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

55 ND

72

cis-l2-Dichloroethene

ND

83 ND

ND

ND

ND ND

54 ND ND

ND

ND ND

ND

ND

ND

12

35 15

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-7 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

Date Tetrachloroethene Trichloroethene 12-Dichloroethane cis-l2-Dichloroethene Sample ID Collected HSL

PW-21 5703 360 E 56 E 12 ND PW-22 5703 140 31 64 21 PW-23 5703 220 35 77 79 PW-24 5603 22 ND ND 12

PW-25 5803 ND ND ND ND PW-25

Duplicate 5803 ND ND ND ND

PW-26 5803 20 55 ND ND

PW-27 5803 ND ND ND ND ND = not detected above the laboratory reporting limit E = Estimated value exceeds calibration limit of analytical instrument

Surface Water

Seven (7) surface water samples have been collected at the site in both January 2003 and May 2003 as shown on Figure 1-1 Of these VOCs have been detected in the three surface water samples (SW-01 SW-06 and SW-07) collected at the URI pond located to the east of FA4 Detected VOCs included PCE TCE and trichlorofluoromethane (see Table 1-4) PCE has been detected in SW-01 SW-06 and SW-07 at concentrations of 20 ugL 14 ugL and 14 ugL respectively TCE was detected at SW-01 at 6 ugL Trichlorofluoromethane was detected at SW-01 at 1J ugL No VOCs have been detected in surface water samples collected from other on-site surface water bodies

Table 1-4 Detected VOCs in Surface Water

Tetrachloroethene Trichloroethene Trichlorofluoromethane

Sample ID Date Collected UgL

SW-01 1803 20 6 1J SW-02 1803 ND ND ND SW-03 1803 ND ND ND SW-04 1803 ND ND ND SW-05 1803 ND ND ND SW-06 5703 14 ND ND SW-07 5703 14 ND ND

ND = Not detected above the laboratory reporting limit J = Estimated value reported below the PQL

Sediment

Eight (8) sediment samples have been collected at the site in either January 2003 or May 2003 as shown on Figure 1-1 The results of this sampling indicate that sediments in the URI pond located to the east of FA4 have detectable concentrations of site-related VOCs Volatile organic compounds have been detected in two sediment samples (SD-01 and SD-07) collected from the URI pond and include PCE TCE and cis-l2-DCE (see Table 1-5) At SD-01 PCE and TCE were detected at concentrations of 538 ugkg (748 ugkg in the duplicate) and 136J ugkg (186 ugkg in the duplicate) respectively At SD-07 TCE and cis-l2-DCE were detected at 32 ugkg and 105 (igkg respectively No VOCs have been detected in sediment samples collected from other on-site surface water bodies

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-8 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

Table 1-5 Detected VOCs in Sediment

Sample ID Date Collected Tetrachloroethene Trichloroethene cis-l2-Dichloroethene Hgkg

SD-1 1803 573 136 J ND SD-1 duplicate 1803 748 186 ND

SD-2 1803 ND ND ND SD-3 1803 ND ND ND SD-4 1803 ND ND ND SD-5 1803 ND ND ND SD-6 5803 ND ND ND SD-7 5803 ND 32 105 SD-8 5803 ND ND ND

ND = Not detected above the laboratory reporting limit J = Estimated value

122 Seismic Results

Proposed monitoring well locations are based upon the VOC sampling results and the findings of the seismic refraction survey completed by Northeast Geophysical Services (NGS) in MarchApril 2003 The seismic report from NGS including cross-sectional views of the site geology

The depth to bedrock varies sharply across the site ranging from 10 to 30 feet below ground surface (bgs) from the easternmost edge of the site (ie former Drum Storage Area and gravel bank) to the center of the site (ie URI pond) and then slopes sharply down towards the turf fields Depths to bedrock increase sharply from 30 feet bgs beginning immediately west of the URI ponds and plateau to 150 feet bgs below the turfs fields to the west of Plains Road The overburden layer ranging in thickness from 10 to 150 feet moving east to west across the site has been characterized as loose textured unsorted and unstratified sand with lesser amount of clay and gravel (RJDEM SOW October 2001) The interpreted water table is quite flat under the western side of the site (ie across Plains Road) and rises with the surface and bedrock topography to the east and becomes quite shallow (ie less than 8 feet) in the vicinity of the former drum storage area (see Figure 3-2)

The results of the seismic survey have been used to 1) develop the current site conceptual model 2) develop the locations and depths of the proposed overburden monitoring wells and 3) identify zones of decreased bedrock velocity Lower velocity bedrock zones are possible fracture zones within the bedrock and were used to locate proposed bedrock monitoring well locations

123 Groundwater Flow Model

Figure 1-3 depicts the flow direction of groundwater from the former drum storage area in the simulated groundwater flow system at the URI Site This flow simulation was completed in a MODFLOW three-dimensional finite difference groundwater model completed by Woodard amp Curran (USGS McDonald and Harbaugh 1988) A more detailed description of the groundwater modeling effort for this entire site is provided in Appendix B In order to depict groundwater flow directions MODPATH a finite difference particle tracking software using MODFLOW was used

The groundwater potentiometric surface is depicted by the blue contour lines presented at five foot intervals on Figure 1-3 The flow paths are drawn perpendicular to the contour lines in red and indicate

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-9 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

the direction of groundwater movement from the former drum storage area Particles were placed in the till located above bedrock on the highlands east of the site in the vicinity of the former drum storage area released into the flow-field and tracked to provide a visual representation of contaminant flow at the site Flow occurs from the till covered bedrock highlands east of the landfill (ie former drum storage area) towards Hundred Acre Pond located west of the site This pond is a part of the larger Chipuxet River that flows from northeast to southwest west Groundwater flow is in a deeper unconsolidated till and lower down valley fillglacial outwash deposits groundwater begins to flow in a more northwesterly direction toward Hundred Acre Pond As groundwater approaches Hundred Acre Pond it turns abruptly apparently due west as it is influenced by the small steeply sloped unnamed hill adjacent to Hundred Acre Pond

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-10 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

Former Drum Disposal

Figure 1-3 Preliminary Groundwater Model

I Ongnials tn color Monitoring Well Work Plan West Kingston Town DumpURI Disposal Area Site

S Kingstown Rhode Island WOODARDampCURRANshy

205 540wipfiguresgwmodel cnv

2 PROJECT PLANNING

This section describes specific details concerning the installation and testing methods for the LTMN Included are the drilling method monitoring well construction details and aquifer testing methods Also discussed are field work-related activities that include health and safety issues and the handling of investigation derived waste (IDW) The field work associated with this work plan will be conducted in accordance with the site-specific Final Quality Assurance Project Plan (Including the Sampling and Analysis Plan) for the Remedial Investigation at the West Kingston Town DumpURI Disposal Area South Kingstown Rhode Island Health amp Safety Plan for the Remedial Investigation at the West Kingston Town DumpURI Disposal Area South Kingstown Rhode Island both dated August 2002 and the Vertical Profiling amp Monitoring Well Installation Plan dated July 2004 (see Appendix C)

21 DRILLING TECHNIQUES

The drilling techniques for the overburden and bedrock wells are described in Appendix C

22 DOWN HOLE GEOPHYSICAL METHODS

The geophysical methods are described in Appendix C

23 MONITORING WELL DEVELOPMENT

Monitoring wells will be developed to remove fine material which may be present in the vicinity of the well screen Monitoring wells will be developed using a surge block or over pumping to agitate the sand pack and draw loose formation material into the well screen A pump may be placed in the well to remove fine sediment that has been collected or the well may be bailed Pumping and surging actions will be alternated as appropriate until the groundwater removed from the well is visually free of fine sand and silt Development water from monitoring wells will be containerized for testing and disposal

The following general procedures will be used for monitoring well development

1 Decontaminate all pumping and tubing equipment prior to use in each monitoring well

2 Attach a surge block if used to an appropriate length of rods so the surge block extends down into the well screen

3 Rapidly raise and lower (surge) the block over the entire length of the well screen to loosen fine material from the sand pack and help establish the sand pack as a filter mechanism

4 After several minutes of surging remove well water Continue pumping or bailing for several minutes or until the water appears sediment-free

5 Continue the cycle of surging andor pumping until the water appears sediment-free with minimal well water removal after surging

6 Monitoring well development will not be conducted until 24-hours after installation During development pH temperature and specific conductivity will be measured as an indication of stabilization

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 2-1 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

7 Turbidity will be measured during this process as an indication of the development progress The goal will be 5 NTUs However after a reasonable effort (1 hour) is made to meet this goal and no significant progress is made toward the 5 NTU goal the development process will be discontinued

8 A filtered and an unfiltered groundwater sample may be collected if 5 NTUs is not met during subsequent groundwater sampling events

9 Record development activities and observations in the field log book

24 IN-SITU HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY TESTING (RISING HEAD TEST)

Woodard amp Curran will use flow and recharge measurements collected during low flow sampling events of the wells to measure discharge and drawdown over time to calculate the hydraulic conductivity The hydraulic conductivity for each well will be estimated using either the Hvorslev (1954) or the Bower-Rice (1976) method depending on the distribution of the data The standard operating procedure for the rising head tests was included in the Final Quality Assurance Project Plan (Including the Sampling and Analysis Plan) for the West Kingston Town DumpURIDisposal Area Site dated August 2002

25 GROUNDWATER ELEVATION MEASUREMENTS

Groundwater elevation measurements will be obtained using an electronic water level indicator which identifies the water level using an electronic current The following general procedures will be followed to collect water levels

1 Remove the cap from the top of the PVC riser

2 The highest point of the PVC rim will be permanently marked as a reference point

3 Place a decontaminated electronic water level sensor down the well

4 Listen for the audible signal indicating the sensor has reached the water level inside the well

5 Fine-tune the depth at which the sensor first rings by slowly raising and lowering the sensor until an accurate depth to water is found This will be measured and recorded to the nearest 001 foot

6 On the graduated cable attaching the sensor to the reel record the depth of the water from the highest point of the PVC rim

7 Record the time date and water level depth data in the field log book

The water elevation data will be used to interpret groundwater flow directions Measurements will be obtained periodically during the field program and during subsequent groundwater sampling events as required in the SOW

26 HEALTH amp SAFETY

The field work associated with this work plan will be conducted in accordance with the site-specific Health amp Safety Plan (HASP) for the Remedial Investigation at the West Kingston Town DumpURI Disposal Area South Kingstown Rhode Island dated August 2002 All work will be performed at Level D personal protection equipment as described in the HASP The HASP describes the necessary

West KtngstonURI Superfund Site 2-2 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

precautions to be taken to monitor the breathing zone and protect workers from potential dermal exposures

27 SURVEY

Monitoring well elevations and coordinates will be surveyed The well locations will be measured to the nearest meter and reported using the State Plane Coordinate System The elevations of the newly installed monitoring wells will be established using differential survey leveling techniques with an accuracy of+-001 feet

28 MANAGEMENT OF IDW

The management of investigation derived waste (IDW) is described in Appendix C

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 2-3 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

compounds directly to Hundred Acre through a focused pore water surface water and sediment investigation

12 UNDERSTANDING OF SITE CONDITIONS

Woodard amp Curran (WampC) has developed this LTMN Work Plan based on our current site conceptual model including the nature and distribution of site-related compounds site geology (seismic survey) and groundwater flow Table 1-1 provides a summary of analyses already performed by media

Table 1-1 Summary of Analysis JmntMPiiiTriNRmftftfrtfuMii SK^saswampaieaaampMfetiai]

JHBBFwMWrrnHPIP |lj SHsMT3iSl IflPAfeSKilSiS^iSSfl

B^fr ampVriiimamprfiregampamp$KSwSldiJRMpW laquoiis gtbullbullpound mis GP-01 through GP-21 Groundwater 1202 to 103 VOC - 8260 Fix Based

Laboratory Metals - RCRA 8

SW-1 through SW-5 Surface Water 103 VOC - 8260 Fix Based Laboratory

SVOC - 8270

Metals - TAL

SD-1 through SD5 Sediments 103 VOC - 8260 Fix Based Laboratory

SVOC - 8270

Metals - TAL

Pest -8081

PCBs - 8082

PW-1 through PW-27 Pore-Water 503 VOC - Modified Field Laboratory (1) 8260

GP-22 through GP-39 Groundwater 503 VOC - Modified Field Laboratory (1) 8260

SD-6 through SD-8 Sediments 503 VOC - Modified Field Laboratory (1) 8260

SW-6 and SW-7 Surface Water 503 VOC - Modified Field Laboratory (1) 8260

RES 892 and RES 902 Groundwater 603 VOC - 8260 Fix Based Laboratory

RES 870 Groundwater 1003 VOC - 8260 Fix Based Laboratory

Notes (1) Field analytical work was supplemented with a minimum of 10 split-samples to a fix based laboratory to evaluate field 8260 method results

121 Nature and Distribution of Site-Related Contaminants

In accordance with the Final Work Plan for the Remedial Investigation at the West Kingston Town DumpURI Disposal Area Site (Woodard amp Curran August 2002) and the Revised Scope of Work for the Supplemental URI Investigation (Woodard amp Curran April 2003) sampling of bedrock and overburden

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-2 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

groundwater surface water sediment and pore water at the site has been conducted The findings from these investigations are presented below Comprehensive analytical results are included in Appendix A

Groundwater

During two field investigations completed in December 2002January 2002 and May 2003 seventy (70) groundwater samples were collected from on-site and off-site locations using a Geoprobe sampling device and analyzed for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) In addition two bedrock residential wells were samples for VOCs in June 2003 During the December 2002January 2003 Geoprobe investigationa site wide groundwater sampling event was conducted that included collection and analysis of 44 groundwater samples from various depths (GP-01 through GP-21) In May 2003 a focused Geoprobe investigation was then conducted in the vicinity of the URI pond located to the east of FA4 that included collection and analysis of 26 groundwater samples from various depths (GP-22 through GP-39) A summary of the groundwater sampling locations and results are depicted on Figure 1-1 A summary of Geoprobe explorations and refusal depths are provided in Table 1-2

During the December 2002January 2003 Geoprobe groundwater sampling event TCE was the only VOC detected in exceedence of its 5 ugL Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) TCE was detected at GP-20B (98 bgs) and GP-20A (68 bgs) located downgradient and west of FA4 and the URI pond at concentrations of 8 ugL at each location

As shown on Figure 1-1 the most frequently detected VOCs at the site are PCE and TCE which have been detected in the highest concentrations primarily in samples collected east of the URI pond during the focused May 2003 investigation (ie GP-23 GP-24 GP-25 GP-28 GP-29 GP-32 GP-33 GP-35 GPshy36 GP-37) Detected PCE concentrations in these samples to the east of the URI pond ranged from 21 ugL to 320E ugL at depths ranging from 5 to 31 feet below ground surface (bgs) The highest detected groundwater PCE concentration was reported from 14 feet below the ground surface at GP-28 (320E ugL) located on the eastern side of the URI pond at the toe of the embankment and directly upgradient of pore water sample PW-21 the pore water sample with the highest PCE concentration Detected TCE concentrations in these samples ranged from 18 ugL to 96E ugL The highest detected groundwater TCE concentration was also reported from 14 feet below the ground surface at GP-28 (96 E ugL)

In June 2003 two groundwater samples were collected from the residential bedrock samples located at 892 and 902 Plains Road Samples were analyzed for VOCs Casing lengths for these two bedrock wells are not known but is assumed to be at a minimum the depth to bedrock in this area which was measured during the seismic survey at approximately 140 feet bgs Well 870 was sampled in October of 2003 and was also reported as non-detect for VOCs The casing depth on this well is estimated at approximately 120 feet bgs The other existing bedrock monitoring well at the site GW-01 was installed without a secondary steel casing to a total depth of 25 feet bgs

There were no VOCs reported for the two bedrock wells at 892 and 902 Plains Road

An interpretive PCETCE plume for the overburden groundwater has been developed using the groundwater data collected to date as well as historic monitoring well data (ie GW-01 through GW-04) and is presented in Figure 1-2 As shown on the figure a narrow overburden PCETCE plume exists at the site which may extend from the former drum disposal area across the site through the URI pond and FA4 and toward Hundred Acre Pond However at this time the outer boundaries of this plume (ie both the inferred upgradient and downgradient ends of the plume) have not been established and represent data gaps in the current site conceptual model As discussed previously in Section 11 additional groundwater data is required to determine the extent of this VOC plume to the east (ie up to the former

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-3 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

Table 1-2 Summary of GeoProbe Explorations

Location Identification

GP-01 GP-02 GP-03 GP-04 GP-06 GP-07 GP-08 GP-08 GP-10 GP-11 GP-13 GP-14 GP-15 GP-17 GP-18 GP-19 GP-20 GP-21 GP-22 GP-23 GP-24 GP-25 GP-26 GP-27 GP-28 GP-29 GP-30 GP-31 GP-32 GP-33 GP-34 GP-35 GP-36 GP-37 GP-38 GP-39

Boring Depth Refusal (ft) below ground surface

68 17 14

105 14 12 68 22 56 34 58 68 66 71 71 26 95 96 12 18 16 16 23 33 16 10 28 35 21 17 20 11 12

115 11 12

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-4 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

TARGET SHEET

THE MATERIAL DESCRIBED BELOW WAS NOT SCANNED BECAUSE

(X) OVERSIZED MAP

0 NON-PAPER MEDIA

QOTHER

DATE TITLE Oe-U^ VQU DESCRIPTION

THE OMITTED MATERIAL IS AVAILABLE FOR REVIEW BY APPOINTMENT

AT THE EPA NEW ENGLAND SUPERFUND RECORDS CENTER BOSTON MA

-bull$$$-$amp-spound^shy bulllt- P^

- tij iijjsr-x- M^ ltamppoundbull

TARGET SHEET

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DATE 110 W bullbull TITLE Merp-Kv DESCRIPTION

THE OMITTED MATERIAL IS AVAILABLE FOR REVIEW BY APPOINTMENT

AT THE EPA NEW ENGLAND SUPERFUND RECORDS CENTER BOSTONMA

drum disposal area) and west (ie Hundred Acre Pond) of the site and to evaluate if a VOC plume exists in the bedrock aquifer in the vicinity of the URI pond However the VOC data collected to date indicates that Landfill Areas FA2 FA3 and FAS are not significantly contributing to the VOCs in groundwater beneath the site

Pore Water

As part of a supplemental investigation completed in May 2003 27 pore water samples were collected at the URI pond located to the east of FA4 as shown on Figure 1-1 This pore water sampling investigated whether elevated PCE and TCE concentrations detected at SWSD-01 in January 2002 were a reflection of groundwater flow to the pond and were used to direct a Geoprobe groundwater investigation in the vicinity of the pond Volatile organic compounds were detected in 18 out of 27 pore water samples and included PCE and TCE and their breakdown products 12-DCA and cis-l2-l)CE (see Table 1-3) Detected concentrations of PCE in pore water ranged from 7 ugL to 360E ugL in exceedence of the USEPA Maximum Contaminants Level (MCL) of 5 ugL The highest concentration of PCE were detected at PW-20 (200E ugL) PW-21 (360E ugL) and PW-23 (220 ugL) located on the eastern edge of the pond Detected concentrations of TCE in pore water ranged from 55 ugL to 56E ugL in exceedence of the MCL of 5 ugL for this compound The highest concentration of TCE were also detected at PW-20 (36 ugL) PW-21 (56E ugL) and PW-23 (35 ugL) located on the eastern edge of the pond The results of the pore water sampling indicate that the URI pond is being impacted by PCE and TCE from upgradient groundwater This data also clearly indicates that there is not a dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) source in the pond itself or in the direct vicinity of the pond

Table 1-3 Detected VOCs in Pore Water from URI Pond

Sample ID

PW-1

PW-2 PW-3

PW-4

PW-5

PW-6

PW-7

PW-8

PW-9

PW-10

PW-11

PW-13

PW-14

PW-15

PW-16

PW-17

PW-18

PW-19

PW-20

Date Collected

5703

5803 5803

5603

5703

5703

5703

5703

5703

5703

5703

5803

5803

5803

5703

5603

5603

5603

5703

Tetrachloroethene

11 ND 13

ND

7

71 86

23 ND ND

82 ND

ND

17 ND

19

30

23

200 E

Trichloroethene

ND

ND ND ND

ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND

ND ND

ND

11

87

17 36

1 2-DichIoroethane

neL ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

55 ND

72

cis-l2-Dichloroethene

ND

83 ND

ND

ND

ND ND

54 ND ND

ND

ND ND

ND

ND

ND

12

35 15

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-7 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

Date Tetrachloroethene Trichloroethene 12-Dichloroethane cis-l2-Dichloroethene Sample ID Collected HSL

PW-21 5703 360 E 56 E 12 ND PW-22 5703 140 31 64 21 PW-23 5703 220 35 77 79 PW-24 5603 22 ND ND 12

PW-25 5803 ND ND ND ND PW-25

Duplicate 5803 ND ND ND ND

PW-26 5803 20 55 ND ND

PW-27 5803 ND ND ND ND ND = not detected above the laboratory reporting limit E = Estimated value exceeds calibration limit of analytical instrument

Surface Water

Seven (7) surface water samples have been collected at the site in both January 2003 and May 2003 as shown on Figure 1-1 Of these VOCs have been detected in the three surface water samples (SW-01 SW-06 and SW-07) collected at the URI pond located to the east of FA4 Detected VOCs included PCE TCE and trichlorofluoromethane (see Table 1-4) PCE has been detected in SW-01 SW-06 and SW-07 at concentrations of 20 ugL 14 ugL and 14 ugL respectively TCE was detected at SW-01 at 6 ugL Trichlorofluoromethane was detected at SW-01 at 1J ugL No VOCs have been detected in surface water samples collected from other on-site surface water bodies

Table 1-4 Detected VOCs in Surface Water

Tetrachloroethene Trichloroethene Trichlorofluoromethane

Sample ID Date Collected UgL

SW-01 1803 20 6 1J SW-02 1803 ND ND ND SW-03 1803 ND ND ND SW-04 1803 ND ND ND SW-05 1803 ND ND ND SW-06 5703 14 ND ND SW-07 5703 14 ND ND

ND = Not detected above the laboratory reporting limit J = Estimated value reported below the PQL

Sediment

Eight (8) sediment samples have been collected at the site in either January 2003 or May 2003 as shown on Figure 1-1 The results of this sampling indicate that sediments in the URI pond located to the east of FA4 have detectable concentrations of site-related VOCs Volatile organic compounds have been detected in two sediment samples (SD-01 and SD-07) collected from the URI pond and include PCE TCE and cis-l2-DCE (see Table 1-5) At SD-01 PCE and TCE were detected at concentrations of 538 ugkg (748 ugkg in the duplicate) and 136J ugkg (186 ugkg in the duplicate) respectively At SD-07 TCE and cis-l2-DCE were detected at 32 ugkg and 105 (igkg respectively No VOCs have been detected in sediment samples collected from other on-site surface water bodies

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-8 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

Table 1-5 Detected VOCs in Sediment

Sample ID Date Collected Tetrachloroethene Trichloroethene cis-l2-Dichloroethene Hgkg

SD-1 1803 573 136 J ND SD-1 duplicate 1803 748 186 ND

SD-2 1803 ND ND ND SD-3 1803 ND ND ND SD-4 1803 ND ND ND SD-5 1803 ND ND ND SD-6 5803 ND ND ND SD-7 5803 ND 32 105 SD-8 5803 ND ND ND

ND = Not detected above the laboratory reporting limit J = Estimated value

122 Seismic Results

Proposed monitoring well locations are based upon the VOC sampling results and the findings of the seismic refraction survey completed by Northeast Geophysical Services (NGS) in MarchApril 2003 The seismic report from NGS including cross-sectional views of the site geology

The depth to bedrock varies sharply across the site ranging from 10 to 30 feet below ground surface (bgs) from the easternmost edge of the site (ie former Drum Storage Area and gravel bank) to the center of the site (ie URI pond) and then slopes sharply down towards the turf fields Depths to bedrock increase sharply from 30 feet bgs beginning immediately west of the URI ponds and plateau to 150 feet bgs below the turfs fields to the west of Plains Road The overburden layer ranging in thickness from 10 to 150 feet moving east to west across the site has been characterized as loose textured unsorted and unstratified sand with lesser amount of clay and gravel (RJDEM SOW October 2001) The interpreted water table is quite flat under the western side of the site (ie across Plains Road) and rises with the surface and bedrock topography to the east and becomes quite shallow (ie less than 8 feet) in the vicinity of the former drum storage area (see Figure 3-2)

The results of the seismic survey have been used to 1) develop the current site conceptual model 2) develop the locations and depths of the proposed overburden monitoring wells and 3) identify zones of decreased bedrock velocity Lower velocity bedrock zones are possible fracture zones within the bedrock and were used to locate proposed bedrock monitoring well locations

123 Groundwater Flow Model

Figure 1-3 depicts the flow direction of groundwater from the former drum storage area in the simulated groundwater flow system at the URI Site This flow simulation was completed in a MODFLOW three-dimensional finite difference groundwater model completed by Woodard amp Curran (USGS McDonald and Harbaugh 1988) A more detailed description of the groundwater modeling effort for this entire site is provided in Appendix B In order to depict groundwater flow directions MODPATH a finite difference particle tracking software using MODFLOW was used

The groundwater potentiometric surface is depicted by the blue contour lines presented at five foot intervals on Figure 1-3 The flow paths are drawn perpendicular to the contour lines in red and indicate

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-9 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

the direction of groundwater movement from the former drum storage area Particles were placed in the till located above bedrock on the highlands east of the site in the vicinity of the former drum storage area released into the flow-field and tracked to provide a visual representation of contaminant flow at the site Flow occurs from the till covered bedrock highlands east of the landfill (ie former drum storage area) towards Hundred Acre Pond located west of the site This pond is a part of the larger Chipuxet River that flows from northeast to southwest west Groundwater flow is in a deeper unconsolidated till and lower down valley fillglacial outwash deposits groundwater begins to flow in a more northwesterly direction toward Hundred Acre Pond As groundwater approaches Hundred Acre Pond it turns abruptly apparently due west as it is influenced by the small steeply sloped unnamed hill adjacent to Hundred Acre Pond

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-10 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

Former Drum Disposal

Figure 1-3 Preliminary Groundwater Model

I Ongnials tn color Monitoring Well Work Plan West Kingston Town DumpURI Disposal Area Site

S Kingstown Rhode Island WOODARDampCURRANshy

205 540wipfiguresgwmodel cnv

2 PROJECT PLANNING

This section describes specific details concerning the installation and testing methods for the LTMN Included are the drilling method monitoring well construction details and aquifer testing methods Also discussed are field work-related activities that include health and safety issues and the handling of investigation derived waste (IDW) The field work associated with this work plan will be conducted in accordance with the site-specific Final Quality Assurance Project Plan (Including the Sampling and Analysis Plan) for the Remedial Investigation at the West Kingston Town DumpURI Disposal Area South Kingstown Rhode Island Health amp Safety Plan for the Remedial Investigation at the West Kingston Town DumpURI Disposal Area South Kingstown Rhode Island both dated August 2002 and the Vertical Profiling amp Monitoring Well Installation Plan dated July 2004 (see Appendix C)

21 DRILLING TECHNIQUES

The drilling techniques for the overburden and bedrock wells are described in Appendix C

22 DOWN HOLE GEOPHYSICAL METHODS

The geophysical methods are described in Appendix C

23 MONITORING WELL DEVELOPMENT

Monitoring wells will be developed to remove fine material which may be present in the vicinity of the well screen Monitoring wells will be developed using a surge block or over pumping to agitate the sand pack and draw loose formation material into the well screen A pump may be placed in the well to remove fine sediment that has been collected or the well may be bailed Pumping and surging actions will be alternated as appropriate until the groundwater removed from the well is visually free of fine sand and silt Development water from monitoring wells will be containerized for testing and disposal

The following general procedures will be used for monitoring well development

1 Decontaminate all pumping and tubing equipment prior to use in each monitoring well

2 Attach a surge block if used to an appropriate length of rods so the surge block extends down into the well screen

3 Rapidly raise and lower (surge) the block over the entire length of the well screen to loosen fine material from the sand pack and help establish the sand pack as a filter mechanism

4 After several minutes of surging remove well water Continue pumping or bailing for several minutes or until the water appears sediment-free

5 Continue the cycle of surging andor pumping until the water appears sediment-free with minimal well water removal after surging

6 Monitoring well development will not be conducted until 24-hours after installation During development pH temperature and specific conductivity will be measured as an indication of stabilization

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 2-1 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

7 Turbidity will be measured during this process as an indication of the development progress The goal will be 5 NTUs However after a reasonable effort (1 hour) is made to meet this goal and no significant progress is made toward the 5 NTU goal the development process will be discontinued

8 A filtered and an unfiltered groundwater sample may be collected if 5 NTUs is not met during subsequent groundwater sampling events

9 Record development activities and observations in the field log book

24 IN-SITU HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY TESTING (RISING HEAD TEST)

Woodard amp Curran will use flow and recharge measurements collected during low flow sampling events of the wells to measure discharge and drawdown over time to calculate the hydraulic conductivity The hydraulic conductivity for each well will be estimated using either the Hvorslev (1954) or the Bower-Rice (1976) method depending on the distribution of the data The standard operating procedure for the rising head tests was included in the Final Quality Assurance Project Plan (Including the Sampling and Analysis Plan) for the West Kingston Town DumpURIDisposal Area Site dated August 2002

25 GROUNDWATER ELEVATION MEASUREMENTS

Groundwater elevation measurements will be obtained using an electronic water level indicator which identifies the water level using an electronic current The following general procedures will be followed to collect water levels

1 Remove the cap from the top of the PVC riser

2 The highest point of the PVC rim will be permanently marked as a reference point

3 Place a decontaminated electronic water level sensor down the well

4 Listen for the audible signal indicating the sensor has reached the water level inside the well

5 Fine-tune the depth at which the sensor first rings by slowly raising and lowering the sensor until an accurate depth to water is found This will be measured and recorded to the nearest 001 foot

6 On the graduated cable attaching the sensor to the reel record the depth of the water from the highest point of the PVC rim

7 Record the time date and water level depth data in the field log book

The water elevation data will be used to interpret groundwater flow directions Measurements will be obtained periodically during the field program and during subsequent groundwater sampling events as required in the SOW

26 HEALTH amp SAFETY

The field work associated with this work plan will be conducted in accordance with the site-specific Health amp Safety Plan (HASP) for the Remedial Investigation at the West Kingston Town DumpURI Disposal Area South Kingstown Rhode Island dated August 2002 All work will be performed at Level D personal protection equipment as described in the HASP The HASP describes the necessary

West KtngstonURI Superfund Site 2-2 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

precautions to be taken to monitor the breathing zone and protect workers from potential dermal exposures

27 SURVEY

Monitoring well elevations and coordinates will be surveyed The well locations will be measured to the nearest meter and reported using the State Plane Coordinate System The elevations of the newly installed monitoring wells will be established using differential survey leveling techniques with an accuracy of+-001 feet

28 MANAGEMENT OF IDW

The management of investigation derived waste (IDW) is described in Appendix C

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 2-3 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

groundwater surface water sediment and pore water at the site has been conducted The findings from these investigations are presented below Comprehensive analytical results are included in Appendix A

Groundwater

During two field investigations completed in December 2002January 2002 and May 2003 seventy (70) groundwater samples were collected from on-site and off-site locations using a Geoprobe sampling device and analyzed for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) In addition two bedrock residential wells were samples for VOCs in June 2003 During the December 2002January 2003 Geoprobe investigationa site wide groundwater sampling event was conducted that included collection and analysis of 44 groundwater samples from various depths (GP-01 through GP-21) In May 2003 a focused Geoprobe investigation was then conducted in the vicinity of the URI pond located to the east of FA4 that included collection and analysis of 26 groundwater samples from various depths (GP-22 through GP-39) A summary of the groundwater sampling locations and results are depicted on Figure 1-1 A summary of Geoprobe explorations and refusal depths are provided in Table 1-2

During the December 2002January 2003 Geoprobe groundwater sampling event TCE was the only VOC detected in exceedence of its 5 ugL Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) TCE was detected at GP-20B (98 bgs) and GP-20A (68 bgs) located downgradient and west of FA4 and the URI pond at concentrations of 8 ugL at each location

As shown on Figure 1-1 the most frequently detected VOCs at the site are PCE and TCE which have been detected in the highest concentrations primarily in samples collected east of the URI pond during the focused May 2003 investigation (ie GP-23 GP-24 GP-25 GP-28 GP-29 GP-32 GP-33 GP-35 GPshy36 GP-37) Detected PCE concentrations in these samples to the east of the URI pond ranged from 21 ugL to 320E ugL at depths ranging from 5 to 31 feet below ground surface (bgs) The highest detected groundwater PCE concentration was reported from 14 feet below the ground surface at GP-28 (320E ugL) located on the eastern side of the URI pond at the toe of the embankment and directly upgradient of pore water sample PW-21 the pore water sample with the highest PCE concentration Detected TCE concentrations in these samples ranged from 18 ugL to 96E ugL The highest detected groundwater TCE concentration was also reported from 14 feet below the ground surface at GP-28 (96 E ugL)

In June 2003 two groundwater samples were collected from the residential bedrock samples located at 892 and 902 Plains Road Samples were analyzed for VOCs Casing lengths for these two bedrock wells are not known but is assumed to be at a minimum the depth to bedrock in this area which was measured during the seismic survey at approximately 140 feet bgs Well 870 was sampled in October of 2003 and was also reported as non-detect for VOCs The casing depth on this well is estimated at approximately 120 feet bgs The other existing bedrock monitoring well at the site GW-01 was installed without a secondary steel casing to a total depth of 25 feet bgs

There were no VOCs reported for the two bedrock wells at 892 and 902 Plains Road

An interpretive PCETCE plume for the overburden groundwater has been developed using the groundwater data collected to date as well as historic monitoring well data (ie GW-01 through GW-04) and is presented in Figure 1-2 As shown on the figure a narrow overburden PCETCE plume exists at the site which may extend from the former drum disposal area across the site through the URI pond and FA4 and toward Hundred Acre Pond However at this time the outer boundaries of this plume (ie both the inferred upgradient and downgradient ends of the plume) have not been established and represent data gaps in the current site conceptual model As discussed previously in Section 11 additional groundwater data is required to determine the extent of this VOC plume to the east (ie up to the former

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-3 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

Table 1-2 Summary of GeoProbe Explorations

Location Identification

GP-01 GP-02 GP-03 GP-04 GP-06 GP-07 GP-08 GP-08 GP-10 GP-11 GP-13 GP-14 GP-15 GP-17 GP-18 GP-19 GP-20 GP-21 GP-22 GP-23 GP-24 GP-25 GP-26 GP-27 GP-28 GP-29 GP-30 GP-31 GP-32 GP-33 GP-34 GP-35 GP-36 GP-37 GP-38 GP-39

Boring Depth Refusal (ft) below ground surface

68 17 14

105 14 12 68 22 56 34 58 68 66 71 71 26 95 96 12 18 16 16 23 33 16 10 28 35 21 17 20 11 12

115 11 12

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-4 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

TARGET SHEET

THE MATERIAL DESCRIBED BELOW WAS NOT SCANNED BECAUSE

(X) OVERSIZED MAP

0 NON-PAPER MEDIA

QOTHER

DATE TITLE Oe-U^ VQU DESCRIPTION

THE OMITTED MATERIAL IS AVAILABLE FOR REVIEW BY APPOINTMENT

AT THE EPA NEW ENGLAND SUPERFUND RECORDS CENTER BOSTON MA

-bull$$$-$amp-spound^shy bulllt- P^

- tij iijjsr-x- M^ ltamppoundbull

TARGET SHEET

THE MATERIAL DESCRIBED BELOW WAS NOT SCANNED BECAUSE

(X) OVERSIZED MAP

0 NON-PAPER MEDIA

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DATE 110 W bullbull TITLE Merp-Kv DESCRIPTION

THE OMITTED MATERIAL IS AVAILABLE FOR REVIEW BY APPOINTMENT

AT THE EPA NEW ENGLAND SUPERFUND RECORDS CENTER BOSTONMA

drum disposal area) and west (ie Hundred Acre Pond) of the site and to evaluate if a VOC plume exists in the bedrock aquifer in the vicinity of the URI pond However the VOC data collected to date indicates that Landfill Areas FA2 FA3 and FAS are not significantly contributing to the VOCs in groundwater beneath the site

Pore Water

As part of a supplemental investigation completed in May 2003 27 pore water samples were collected at the URI pond located to the east of FA4 as shown on Figure 1-1 This pore water sampling investigated whether elevated PCE and TCE concentrations detected at SWSD-01 in January 2002 were a reflection of groundwater flow to the pond and were used to direct a Geoprobe groundwater investigation in the vicinity of the pond Volatile organic compounds were detected in 18 out of 27 pore water samples and included PCE and TCE and their breakdown products 12-DCA and cis-l2-l)CE (see Table 1-3) Detected concentrations of PCE in pore water ranged from 7 ugL to 360E ugL in exceedence of the USEPA Maximum Contaminants Level (MCL) of 5 ugL The highest concentration of PCE were detected at PW-20 (200E ugL) PW-21 (360E ugL) and PW-23 (220 ugL) located on the eastern edge of the pond Detected concentrations of TCE in pore water ranged from 55 ugL to 56E ugL in exceedence of the MCL of 5 ugL for this compound The highest concentration of TCE were also detected at PW-20 (36 ugL) PW-21 (56E ugL) and PW-23 (35 ugL) located on the eastern edge of the pond The results of the pore water sampling indicate that the URI pond is being impacted by PCE and TCE from upgradient groundwater This data also clearly indicates that there is not a dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) source in the pond itself or in the direct vicinity of the pond

Table 1-3 Detected VOCs in Pore Water from URI Pond

Sample ID

PW-1

PW-2 PW-3

PW-4

PW-5

PW-6

PW-7

PW-8

PW-9

PW-10

PW-11

PW-13

PW-14

PW-15

PW-16

PW-17

PW-18

PW-19

PW-20

Date Collected

5703

5803 5803

5603

5703

5703

5703

5703

5703

5703

5703

5803

5803

5803

5703

5603

5603

5603

5703

Tetrachloroethene

11 ND 13

ND

7

71 86

23 ND ND

82 ND

ND

17 ND

19

30

23

200 E

Trichloroethene

ND

ND ND ND

ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND

ND ND

ND

11

87

17 36

1 2-DichIoroethane

neL ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

55 ND

72

cis-l2-Dichloroethene

ND

83 ND

ND

ND

ND ND

54 ND ND

ND

ND ND

ND

ND

ND

12

35 15

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-7 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

Date Tetrachloroethene Trichloroethene 12-Dichloroethane cis-l2-Dichloroethene Sample ID Collected HSL

PW-21 5703 360 E 56 E 12 ND PW-22 5703 140 31 64 21 PW-23 5703 220 35 77 79 PW-24 5603 22 ND ND 12

PW-25 5803 ND ND ND ND PW-25

Duplicate 5803 ND ND ND ND

PW-26 5803 20 55 ND ND

PW-27 5803 ND ND ND ND ND = not detected above the laboratory reporting limit E = Estimated value exceeds calibration limit of analytical instrument

Surface Water

Seven (7) surface water samples have been collected at the site in both January 2003 and May 2003 as shown on Figure 1-1 Of these VOCs have been detected in the three surface water samples (SW-01 SW-06 and SW-07) collected at the URI pond located to the east of FA4 Detected VOCs included PCE TCE and trichlorofluoromethane (see Table 1-4) PCE has been detected in SW-01 SW-06 and SW-07 at concentrations of 20 ugL 14 ugL and 14 ugL respectively TCE was detected at SW-01 at 6 ugL Trichlorofluoromethane was detected at SW-01 at 1J ugL No VOCs have been detected in surface water samples collected from other on-site surface water bodies

Table 1-4 Detected VOCs in Surface Water

Tetrachloroethene Trichloroethene Trichlorofluoromethane

Sample ID Date Collected UgL

SW-01 1803 20 6 1J SW-02 1803 ND ND ND SW-03 1803 ND ND ND SW-04 1803 ND ND ND SW-05 1803 ND ND ND SW-06 5703 14 ND ND SW-07 5703 14 ND ND

ND = Not detected above the laboratory reporting limit J = Estimated value reported below the PQL

Sediment

Eight (8) sediment samples have been collected at the site in either January 2003 or May 2003 as shown on Figure 1-1 The results of this sampling indicate that sediments in the URI pond located to the east of FA4 have detectable concentrations of site-related VOCs Volatile organic compounds have been detected in two sediment samples (SD-01 and SD-07) collected from the URI pond and include PCE TCE and cis-l2-DCE (see Table 1-5) At SD-01 PCE and TCE were detected at concentrations of 538 ugkg (748 ugkg in the duplicate) and 136J ugkg (186 ugkg in the duplicate) respectively At SD-07 TCE and cis-l2-DCE were detected at 32 ugkg and 105 (igkg respectively No VOCs have been detected in sediment samples collected from other on-site surface water bodies

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-8 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

Table 1-5 Detected VOCs in Sediment

Sample ID Date Collected Tetrachloroethene Trichloroethene cis-l2-Dichloroethene Hgkg

SD-1 1803 573 136 J ND SD-1 duplicate 1803 748 186 ND

SD-2 1803 ND ND ND SD-3 1803 ND ND ND SD-4 1803 ND ND ND SD-5 1803 ND ND ND SD-6 5803 ND ND ND SD-7 5803 ND 32 105 SD-8 5803 ND ND ND

ND = Not detected above the laboratory reporting limit J = Estimated value

122 Seismic Results

Proposed monitoring well locations are based upon the VOC sampling results and the findings of the seismic refraction survey completed by Northeast Geophysical Services (NGS) in MarchApril 2003 The seismic report from NGS including cross-sectional views of the site geology

The depth to bedrock varies sharply across the site ranging from 10 to 30 feet below ground surface (bgs) from the easternmost edge of the site (ie former Drum Storage Area and gravel bank) to the center of the site (ie URI pond) and then slopes sharply down towards the turf fields Depths to bedrock increase sharply from 30 feet bgs beginning immediately west of the URI ponds and plateau to 150 feet bgs below the turfs fields to the west of Plains Road The overburden layer ranging in thickness from 10 to 150 feet moving east to west across the site has been characterized as loose textured unsorted and unstratified sand with lesser amount of clay and gravel (RJDEM SOW October 2001) The interpreted water table is quite flat under the western side of the site (ie across Plains Road) and rises with the surface and bedrock topography to the east and becomes quite shallow (ie less than 8 feet) in the vicinity of the former drum storage area (see Figure 3-2)

The results of the seismic survey have been used to 1) develop the current site conceptual model 2) develop the locations and depths of the proposed overburden monitoring wells and 3) identify zones of decreased bedrock velocity Lower velocity bedrock zones are possible fracture zones within the bedrock and were used to locate proposed bedrock monitoring well locations

123 Groundwater Flow Model

Figure 1-3 depicts the flow direction of groundwater from the former drum storage area in the simulated groundwater flow system at the URI Site This flow simulation was completed in a MODFLOW three-dimensional finite difference groundwater model completed by Woodard amp Curran (USGS McDonald and Harbaugh 1988) A more detailed description of the groundwater modeling effort for this entire site is provided in Appendix B In order to depict groundwater flow directions MODPATH a finite difference particle tracking software using MODFLOW was used

The groundwater potentiometric surface is depicted by the blue contour lines presented at five foot intervals on Figure 1-3 The flow paths are drawn perpendicular to the contour lines in red and indicate

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-9 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

the direction of groundwater movement from the former drum storage area Particles were placed in the till located above bedrock on the highlands east of the site in the vicinity of the former drum storage area released into the flow-field and tracked to provide a visual representation of contaminant flow at the site Flow occurs from the till covered bedrock highlands east of the landfill (ie former drum storage area) towards Hundred Acre Pond located west of the site This pond is a part of the larger Chipuxet River that flows from northeast to southwest west Groundwater flow is in a deeper unconsolidated till and lower down valley fillglacial outwash deposits groundwater begins to flow in a more northwesterly direction toward Hundred Acre Pond As groundwater approaches Hundred Acre Pond it turns abruptly apparently due west as it is influenced by the small steeply sloped unnamed hill adjacent to Hundred Acre Pond

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-10 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

Former Drum Disposal

Figure 1-3 Preliminary Groundwater Model

I Ongnials tn color Monitoring Well Work Plan West Kingston Town DumpURI Disposal Area Site

S Kingstown Rhode Island WOODARDampCURRANshy

205 540wipfiguresgwmodel cnv

2 PROJECT PLANNING

This section describes specific details concerning the installation and testing methods for the LTMN Included are the drilling method monitoring well construction details and aquifer testing methods Also discussed are field work-related activities that include health and safety issues and the handling of investigation derived waste (IDW) The field work associated with this work plan will be conducted in accordance with the site-specific Final Quality Assurance Project Plan (Including the Sampling and Analysis Plan) for the Remedial Investigation at the West Kingston Town DumpURI Disposal Area South Kingstown Rhode Island Health amp Safety Plan for the Remedial Investigation at the West Kingston Town DumpURI Disposal Area South Kingstown Rhode Island both dated August 2002 and the Vertical Profiling amp Monitoring Well Installation Plan dated July 2004 (see Appendix C)

21 DRILLING TECHNIQUES

The drilling techniques for the overburden and bedrock wells are described in Appendix C

22 DOWN HOLE GEOPHYSICAL METHODS

The geophysical methods are described in Appendix C

23 MONITORING WELL DEVELOPMENT

Monitoring wells will be developed to remove fine material which may be present in the vicinity of the well screen Monitoring wells will be developed using a surge block or over pumping to agitate the sand pack and draw loose formation material into the well screen A pump may be placed in the well to remove fine sediment that has been collected or the well may be bailed Pumping and surging actions will be alternated as appropriate until the groundwater removed from the well is visually free of fine sand and silt Development water from monitoring wells will be containerized for testing and disposal

The following general procedures will be used for monitoring well development

1 Decontaminate all pumping and tubing equipment prior to use in each monitoring well

2 Attach a surge block if used to an appropriate length of rods so the surge block extends down into the well screen

3 Rapidly raise and lower (surge) the block over the entire length of the well screen to loosen fine material from the sand pack and help establish the sand pack as a filter mechanism

4 After several minutes of surging remove well water Continue pumping or bailing for several minutes or until the water appears sediment-free

5 Continue the cycle of surging andor pumping until the water appears sediment-free with minimal well water removal after surging

6 Monitoring well development will not be conducted until 24-hours after installation During development pH temperature and specific conductivity will be measured as an indication of stabilization

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 2-1 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

7 Turbidity will be measured during this process as an indication of the development progress The goal will be 5 NTUs However after a reasonable effort (1 hour) is made to meet this goal and no significant progress is made toward the 5 NTU goal the development process will be discontinued

8 A filtered and an unfiltered groundwater sample may be collected if 5 NTUs is not met during subsequent groundwater sampling events

9 Record development activities and observations in the field log book

24 IN-SITU HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY TESTING (RISING HEAD TEST)

Woodard amp Curran will use flow and recharge measurements collected during low flow sampling events of the wells to measure discharge and drawdown over time to calculate the hydraulic conductivity The hydraulic conductivity for each well will be estimated using either the Hvorslev (1954) or the Bower-Rice (1976) method depending on the distribution of the data The standard operating procedure for the rising head tests was included in the Final Quality Assurance Project Plan (Including the Sampling and Analysis Plan) for the West Kingston Town DumpURIDisposal Area Site dated August 2002

25 GROUNDWATER ELEVATION MEASUREMENTS

Groundwater elevation measurements will be obtained using an electronic water level indicator which identifies the water level using an electronic current The following general procedures will be followed to collect water levels

1 Remove the cap from the top of the PVC riser

2 The highest point of the PVC rim will be permanently marked as a reference point

3 Place a decontaminated electronic water level sensor down the well

4 Listen for the audible signal indicating the sensor has reached the water level inside the well

5 Fine-tune the depth at which the sensor first rings by slowly raising and lowering the sensor until an accurate depth to water is found This will be measured and recorded to the nearest 001 foot

6 On the graduated cable attaching the sensor to the reel record the depth of the water from the highest point of the PVC rim

7 Record the time date and water level depth data in the field log book

The water elevation data will be used to interpret groundwater flow directions Measurements will be obtained periodically during the field program and during subsequent groundwater sampling events as required in the SOW

26 HEALTH amp SAFETY

The field work associated with this work plan will be conducted in accordance with the site-specific Health amp Safety Plan (HASP) for the Remedial Investigation at the West Kingston Town DumpURI Disposal Area South Kingstown Rhode Island dated August 2002 All work will be performed at Level D personal protection equipment as described in the HASP The HASP describes the necessary

West KtngstonURI Superfund Site 2-2 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

precautions to be taken to monitor the breathing zone and protect workers from potential dermal exposures

27 SURVEY

Monitoring well elevations and coordinates will be surveyed The well locations will be measured to the nearest meter and reported using the State Plane Coordinate System The elevations of the newly installed monitoring wells will be established using differential survey leveling techniques with an accuracy of+-001 feet

28 MANAGEMENT OF IDW

The management of investigation derived waste (IDW) is described in Appendix C

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 2-3 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

Table 1-2 Summary of GeoProbe Explorations

Location Identification

GP-01 GP-02 GP-03 GP-04 GP-06 GP-07 GP-08 GP-08 GP-10 GP-11 GP-13 GP-14 GP-15 GP-17 GP-18 GP-19 GP-20 GP-21 GP-22 GP-23 GP-24 GP-25 GP-26 GP-27 GP-28 GP-29 GP-30 GP-31 GP-32 GP-33 GP-34 GP-35 GP-36 GP-37 GP-38 GP-39

Boring Depth Refusal (ft) below ground surface

68 17 14

105 14 12 68 22 56 34 58 68 66 71 71 26 95 96 12 18 16 16 23 33 16 10 28 35 21 17 20 11 12

115 11 12

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-4 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

TARGET SHEET

THE MATERIAL DESCRIBED BELOW WAS NOT SCANNED BECAUSE

(X) OVERSIZED MAP

0 NON-PAPER MEDIA

QOTHER

DATE TITLE Oe-U^ VQU DESCRIPTION

THE OMITTED MATERIAL IS AVAILABLE FOR REVIEW BY APPOINTMENT

AT THE EPA NEW ENGLAND SUPERFUND RECORDS CENTER BOSTON MA

-bull$$$-$amp-spound^shy bulllt- P^

- tij iijjsr-x- M^ ltamppoundbull

TARGET SHEET

THE MATERIAL DESCRIBED BELOW WAS NOT SCANNED BECAUSE

(X) OVERSIZED MAP

0 NON-PAPER MEDIA

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DATE 110 W bullbull TITLE Merp-Kv DESCRIPTION

THE OMITTED MATERIAL IS AVAILABLE FOR REVIEW BY APPOINTMENT

AT THE EPA NEW ENGLAND SUPERFUND RECORDS CENTER BOSTONMA

drum disposal area) and west (ie Hundred Acre Pond) of the site and to evaluate if a VOC plume exists in the bedrock aquifer in the vicinity of the URI pond However the VOC data collected to date indicates that Landfill Areas FA2 FA3 and FAS are not significantly contributing to the VOCs in groundwater beneath the site

Pore Water

As part of a supplemental investigation completed in May 2003 27 pore water samples were collected at the URI pond located to the east of FA4 as shown on Figure 1-1 This pore water sampling investigated whether elevated PCE and TCE concentrations detected at SWSD-01 in January 2002 were a reflection of groundwater flow to the pond and were used to direct a Geoprobe groundwater investigation in the vicinity of the pond Volatile organic compounds were detected in 18 out of 27 pore water samples and included PCE and TCE and their breakdown products 12-DCA and cis-l2-l)CE (see Table 1-3) Detected concentrations of PCE in pore water ranged from 7 ugL to 360E ugL in exceedence of the USEPA Maximum Contaminants Level (MCL) of 5 ugL The highest concentration of PCE were detected at PW-20 (200E ugL) PW-21 (360E ugL) and PW-23 (220 ugL) located on the eastern edge of the pond Detected concentrations of TCE in pore water ranged from 55 ugL to 56E ugL in exceedence of the MCL of 5 ugL for this compound The highest concentration of TCE were also detected at PW-20 (36 ugL) PW-21 (56E ugL) and PW-23 (35 ugL) located on the eastern edge of the pond The results of the pore water sampling indicate that the URI pond is being impacted by PCE and TCE from upgradient groundwater This data also clearly indicates that there is not a dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) source in the pond itself or in the direct vicinity of the pond

Table 1-3 Detected VOCs in Pore Water from URI Pond

Sample ID

PW-1

PW-2 PW-3

PW-4

PW-5

PW-6

PW-7

PW-8

PW-9

PW-10

PW-11

PW-13

PW-14

PW-15

PW-16

PW-17

PW-18

PW-19

PW-20

Date Collected

5703

5803 5803

5603

5703

5703

5703

5703

5703

5703

5703

5803

5803

5803

5703

5603

5603

5603

5703

Tetrachloroethene

11 ND 13

ND

7

71 86

23 ND ND

82 ND

ND

17 ND

19

30

23

200 E

Trichloroethene

ND

ND ND ND

ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND

ND ND

ND

11

87

17 36

1 2-DichIoroethane

neL ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

55 ND

72

cis-l2-Dichloroethene

ND

83 ND

ND

ND

ND ND

54 ND ND

ND

ND ND

ND

ND

ND

12

35 15

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-7 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

Date Tetrachloroethene Trichloroethene 12-Dichloroethane cis-l2-Dichloroethene Sample ID Collected HSL

PW-21 5703 360 E 56 E 12 ND PW-22 5703 140 31 64 21 PW-23 5703 220 35 77 79 PW-24 5603 22 ND ND 12

PW-25 5803 ND ND ND ND PW-25

Duplicate 5803 ND ND ND ND

PW-26 5803 20 55 ND ND

PW-27 5803 ND ND ND ND ND = not detected above the laboratory reporting limit E = Estimated value exceeds calibration limit of analytical instrument

Surface Water

Seven (7) surface water samples have been collected at the site in both January 2003 and May 2003 as shown on Figure 1-1 Of these VOCs have been detected in the three surface water samples (SW-01 SW-06 and SW-07) collected at the URI pond located to the east of FA4 Detected VOCs included PCE TCE and trichlorofluoromethane (see Table 1-4) PCE has been detected in SW-01 SW-06 and SW-07 at concentrations of 20 ugL 14 ugL and 14 ugL respectively TCE was detected at SW-01 at 6 ugL Trichlorofluoromethane was detected at SW-01 at 1J ugL No VOCs have been detected in surface water samples collected from other on-site surface water bodies

Table 1-4 Detected VOCs in Surface Water

Tetrachloroethene Trichloroethene Trichlorofluoromethane

Sample ID Date Collected UgL

SW-01 1803 20 6 1J SW-02 1803 ND ND ND SW-03 1803 ND ND ND SW-04 1803 ND ND ND SW-05 1803 ND ND ND SW-06 5703 14 ND ND SW-07 5703 14 ND ND

ND = Not detected above the laboratory reporting limit J = Estimated value reported below the PQL

Sediment

Eight (8) sediment samples have been collected at the site in either January 2003 or May 2003 as shown on Figure 1-1 The results of this sampling indicate that sediments in the URI pond located to the east of FA4 have detectable concentrations of site-related VOCs Volatile organic compounds have been detected in two sediment samples (SD-01 and SD-07) collected from the URI pond and include PCE TCE and cis-l2-DCE (see Table 1-5) At SD-01 PCE and TCE were detected at concentrations of 538 ugkg (748 ugkg in the duplicate) and 136J ugkg (186 ugkg in the duplicate) respectively At SD-07 TCE and cis-l2-DCE were detected at 32 ugkg and 105 (igkg respectively No VOCs have been detected in sediment samples collected from other on-site surface water bodies

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-8 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

Table 1-5 Detected VOCs in Sediment

Sample ID Date Collected Tetrachloroethene Trichloroethene cis-l2-Dichloroethene Hgkg

SD-1 1803 573 136 J ND SD-1 duplicate 1803 748 186 ND

SD-2 1803 ND ND ND SD-3 1803 ND ND ND SD-4 1803 ND ND ND SD-5 1803 ND ND ND SD-6 5803 ND ND ND SD-7 5803 ND 32 105 SD-8 5803 ND ND ND

ND = Not detected above the laboratory reporting limit J = Estimated value

122 Seismic Results

Proposed monitoring well locations are based upon the VOC sampling results and the findings of the seismic refraction survey completed by Northeast Geophysical Services (NGS) in MarchApril 2003 The seismic report from NGS including cross-sectional views of the site geology

The depth to bedrock varies sharply across the site ranging from 10 to 30 feet below ground surface (bgs) from the easternmost edge of the site (ie former Drum Storage Area and gravel bank) to the center of the site (ie URI pond) and then slopes sharply down towards the turf fields Depths to bedrock increase sharply from 30 feet bgs beginning immediately west of the URI ponds and plateau to 150 feet bgs below the turfs fields to the west of Plains Road The overburden layer ranging in thickness from 10 to 150 feet moving east to west across the site has been characterized as loose textured unsorted and unstratified sand with lesser amount of clay and gravel (RJDEM SOW October 2001) The interpreted water table is quite flat under the western side of the site (ie across Plains Road) and rises with the surface and bedrock topography to the east and becomes quite shallow (ie less than 8 feet) in the vicinity of the former drum storage area (see Figure 3-2)

The results of the seismic survey have been used to 1) develop the current site conceptual model 2) develop the locations and depths of the proposed overburden monitoring wells and 3) identify zones of decreased bedrock velocity Lower velocity bedrock zones are possible fracture zones within the bedrock and were used to locate proposed bedrock monitoring well locations

123 Groundwater Flow Model

Figure 1-3 depicts the flow direction of groundwater from the former drum storage area in the simulated groundwater flow system at the URI Site This flow simulation was completed in a MODFLOW three-dimensional finite difference groundwater model completed by Woodard amp Curran (USGS McDonald and Harbaugh 1988) A more detailed description of the groundwater modeling effort for this entire site is provided in Appendix B In order to depict groundwater flow directions MODPATH a finite difference particle tracking software using MODFLOW was used

The groundwater potentiometric surface is depicted by the blue contour lines presented at five foot intervals on Figure 1-3 The flow paths are drawn perpendicular to the contour lines in red and indicate

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-9 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

the direction of groundwater movement from the former drum storage area Particles were placed in the till located above bedrock on the highlands east of the site in the vicinity of the former drum storage area released into the flow-field and tracked to provide a visual representation of contaminant flow at the site Flow occurs from the till covered bedrock highlands east of the landfill (ie former drum storage area) towards Hundred Acre Pond located west of the site This pond is a part of the larger Chipuxet River that flows from northeast to southwest west Groundwater flow is in a deeper unconsolidated till and lower down valley fillglacial outwash deposits groundwater begins to flow in a more northwesterly direction toward Hundred Acre Pond As groundwater approaches Hundred Acre Pond it turns abruptly apparently due west as it is influenced by the small steeply sloped unnamed hill adjacent to Hundred Acre Pond

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-10 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

Former Drum Disposal

Figure 1-3 Preliminary Groundwater Model

I Ongnials tn color Monitoring Well Work Plan West Kingston Town DumpURI Disposal Area Site

S Kingstown Rhode Island WOODARDampCURRANshy

205 540wipfiguresgwmodel cnv

2 PROJECT PLANNING

This section describes specific details concerning the installation and testing methods for the LTMN Included are the drilling method monitoring well construction details and aquifer testing methods Also discussed are field work-related activities that include health and safety issues and the handling of investigation derived waste (IDW) The field work associated with this work plan will be conducted in accordance with the site-specific Final Quality Assurance Project Plan (Including the Sampling and Analysis Plan) for the Remedial Investigation at the West Kingston Town DumpURI Disposal Area South Kingstown Rhode Island Health amp Safety Plan for the Remedial Investigation at the West Kingston Town DumpURI Disposal Area South Kingstown Rhode Island both dated August 2002 and the Vertical Profiling amp Monitoring Well Installation Plan dated July 2004 (see Appendix C)

21 DRILLING TECHNIQUES

The drilling techniques for the overburden and bedrock wells are described in Appendix C

22 DOWN HOLE GEOPHYSICAL METHODS

The geophysical methods are described in Appendix C

23 MONITORING WELL DEVELOPMENT

Monitoring wells will be developed to remove fine material which may be present in the vicinity of the well screen Monitoring wells will be developed using a surge block or over pumping to agitate the sand pack and draw loose formation material into the well screen A pump may be placed in the well to remove fine sediment that has been collected or the well may be bailed Pumping and surging actions will be alternated as appropriate until the groundwater removed from the well is visually free of fine sand and silt Development water from monitoring wells will be containerized for testing and disposal

The following general procedures will be used for monitoring well development

1 Decontaminate all pumping and tubing equipment prior to use in each monitoring well

2 Attach a surge block if used to an appropriate length of rods so the surge block extends down into the well screen

3 Rapidly raise and lower (surge) the block over the entire length of the well screen to loosen fine material from the sand pack and help establish the sand pack as a filter mechanism

4 After several minutes of surging remove well water Continue pumping or bailing for several minutes or until the water appears sediment-free

5 Continue the cycle of surging andor pumping until the water appears sediment-free with minimal well water removal after surging

6 Monitoring well development will not be conducted until 24-hours after installation During development pH temperature and specific conductivity will be measured as an indication of stabilization

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 2-1 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

7 Turbidity will be measured during this process as an indication of the development progress The goal will be 5 NTUs However after a reasonable effort (1 hour) is made to meet this goal and no significant progress is made toward the 5 NTU goal the development process will be discontinued

8 A filtered and an unfiltered groundwater sample may be collected if 5 NTUs is not met during subsequent groundwater sampling events

9 Record development activities and observations in the field log book

24 IN-SITU HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY TESTING (RISING HEAD TEST)

Woodard amp Curran will use flow and recharge measurements collected during low flow sampling events of the wells to measure discharge and drawdown over time to calculate the hydraulic conductivity The hydraulic conductivity for each well will be estimated using either the Hvorslev (1954) or the Bower-Rice (1976) method depending on the distribution of the data The standard operating procedure for the rising head tests was included in the Final Quality Assurance Project Plan (Including the Sampling and Analysis Plan) for the West Kingston Town DumpURIDisposal Area Site dated August 2002

25 GROUNDWATER ELEVATION MEASUREMENTS

Groundwater elevation measurements will be obtained using an electronic water level indicator which identifies the water level using an electronic current The following general procedures will be followed to collect water levels

1 Remove the cap from the top of the PVC riser

2 The highest point of the PVC rim will be permanently marked as a reference point

3 Place a decontaminated electronic water level sensor down the well

4 Listen for the audible signal indicating the sensor has reached the water level inside the well

5 Fine-tune the depth at which the sensor first rings by slowly raising and lowering the sensor until an accurate depth to water is found This will be measured and recorded to the nearest 001 foot

6 On the graduated cable attaching the sensor to the reel record the depth of the water from the highest point of the PVC rim

7 Record the time date and water level depth data in the field log book

The water elevation data will be used to interpret groundwater flow directions Measurements will be obtained periodically during the field program and during subsequent groundwater sampling events as required in the SOW

26 HEALTH amp SAFETY

The field work associated with this work plan will be conducted in accordance with the site-specific Health amp Safety Plan (HASP) for the Remedial Investigation at the West Kingston Town DumpURI Disposal Area South Kingstown Rhode Island dated August 2002 All work will be performed at Level D personal protection equipment as described in the HASP The HASP describes the necessary

West KtngstonURI Superfund Site 2-2 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

precautions to be taken to monitor the breathing zone and protect workers from potential dermal exposures

27 SURVEY

Monitoring well elevations and coordinates will be surveyed The well locations will be measured to the nearest meter and reported using the State Plane Coordinate System The elevations of the newly installed monitoring wells will be established using differential survey leveling techniques with an accuracy of+-001 feet

28 MANAGEMENT OF IDW

The management of investigation derived waste (IDW) is described in Appendix C

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 2-3 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

TARGET SHEET

THE MATERIAL DESCRIBED BELOW WAS NOT SCANNED BECAUSE

(X) OVERSIZED MAP

0 NON-PAPER MEDIA

QOTHER

DATE TITLE Oe-U^ VQU DESCRIPTION

THE OMITTED MATERIAL IS AVAILABLE FOR REVIEW BY APPOINTMENT

AT THE EPA NEW ENGLAND SUPERFUND RECORDS CENTER BOSTON MA

-bull$$$-$amp-spound^shy bulllt- P^

- tij iijjsr-x- M^ ltamppoundbull

TARGET SHEET

THE MATERIAL DESCRIBED BELOW WAS NOT SCANNED BECAUSE

(X) OVERSIZED MAP

0 NON-PAPER MEDIA

QOTHER

DATE 110 W bullbull TITLE Merp-Kv DESCRIPTION

THE OMITTED MATERIAL IS AVAILABLE FOR REVIEW BY APPOINTMENT

AT THE EPA NEW ENGLAND SUPERFUND RECORDS CENTER BOSTONMA

drum disposal area) and west (ie Hundred Acre Pond) of the site and to evaluate if a VOC plume exists in the bedrock aquifer in the vicinity of the URI pond However the VOC data collected to date indicates that Landfill Areas FA2 FA3 and FAS are not significantly contributing to the VOCs in groundwater beneath the site

Pore Water

As part of a supplemental investigation completed in May 2003 27 pore water samples were collected at the URI pond located to the east of FA4 as shown on Figure 1-1 This pore water sampling investigated whether elevated PCE and TCE concentrations detected at SWSD-01 in January 2002 were a reflection of groundwater flow to the pond and were used to direct a Geoprobe groundwater investigation in the vicinity of the pond Volatile organic compounds were detected in 18 out of 27 pore water samples and included PCE and TCE and their breakdown products 12-DCA and cis-l2-l)CE (see Table 1-3) Detected concentrations of PCE in pore water ranged from 7 ugL to 360E ugL in exceedence of the USEPA Maximum Contaminants Level (MCL) of 5 ugL The highest concentration of PCE were detected at PW-20 (200E ugL) PW-21 (360E ugL) and PW-23 (220 ugL) located on the eastern edge of the pond Detected concentrations of TCE in pore water ranged from 55 ugL to 56E ugL in exceedence of the MCL of 5 ugL for this compound The highest concentration of TCE were also detected at PW-20 (36 ugL) PW-21 (56E ugL) and PW-23 (35 ugL) located on the eastern edge of the pond The results of the pore water sampling indicate that the URI pond is being impacted by PCE and TCE from upgradient groundwater This data also clearly indicates that there is not a dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) source in the pond itself or in the direct vicinity of the pond

Table 1-3 Detected VOCs in Pore Water from URI Pond

Sample ID

PW-1

PW-2 PW-3

PW-4

PW-5

PW-6

PW-7

PW-8

PW-9

PW-10

PW-11

PW-13

PW-14

PW-15

PW-16

PW-17

PW-18

PW-19

PW-20

Date Collected

5703

5803 5803

5603

5703

5703

5703

5703

5703

5703

5703

5803

5803

5803

5703

5603

5603

5603

5703

Tetrachloroethene

11 ND 13

ND

7

71 86

23 ND ND

82 ND

ND

17 ND

19

30

23

200 E

Trichloroethene

ND

ND ND ND

ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND

ND ND

ND

11

87

17 36

1 2-DichIoroethane

neL ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

55 ND

72

cis-l2-Dichloroethene

ND

83 ND

ND

ND

ND ND

54 ND ND

ND

ND ND

ND

ND

ND

12

35 15

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-7 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

Date Tetrachloroethene Trichloroethene 12-Dichloroethane cis-l2-Dichloroethene Sample ID Collected HSL

PW-21 5703 360 E 56 E 12 ND PW-22 5703 140 31 64 21 PW-23 5703 220 35 77 79 PW-24 5603 22 ND ND 12

PW-25 5803 ND ND ND ND PW-25

Duplicate 5803 ND ND ND ND

PW-26 5803 20 55 ND ND

PW-27 5803 ND ND ND ND ND = not detected above the laboratory reporting limit E = Estimated value exceeds calibration limit of analytical instrument

Surface Water

Seven (7) surface water samples have been collected at the site in both January 2003 and May 2003 as shown on Figure 1-1 Of these VOCs have been detected in the three surface water samples (SW-01 SW-06 and SW-07) collected at the URI pond located to the east of FA4 Detected VOCs included PCE TCE and trichlorofluoromethane (see Table 1-4) PCE has been detected in SW-01 SW-06 and SW-07 at concentrations of 20 ugL 14 ugL and 14 ugL respectively TCE was detected at SW-01 at 6 ugL Trichlorofluoromethane was detected at SW-01 at 1J ugL No VOCs have been detected in surface water samples collected from other on-site surface water bodies

Table 1-4 Detected VOCs in Surface Water

Tetrachloroethene Trichloroethene Trichlorofluoromethane

Sample ID Date Collected UgL

SW-01 1803 20 6 1J SW-02 1803 ND ND ND SW-03 1803 ND ND ND SW-04 1803 ND ND ND SW-05 1803 ND ND ND SW-06 5703 14 ND ND SW-07 5703 14 ND ND

ND = Not detected above the laboratory reporting limit J = Estimated value reported below the PQL

Sediment

Eight (8) sediment samples have been collected at the site in either January 2003 or May 2003 as shown on Figure 1-1 The results of this sampling indicate that sediments in the URI pond located to the east of FA4 have detectable concentrations of site-related VOCs Volatile organic compounds have been detected in two sediment samples (SD-01 and SD-07) collected from the URI pond and include PCE TCE and cis-l2-DCE (see Table 1-5) At SD-01 PCE and TCE were detected at concentrations of 538 ugkg (748 ugkg in the duplicate) and 136J ugkg (186 ugkg in the duplicate) respectively At SD-07 TCE and cis-l2-DCE were detected at 32 ugkg and 105 (igkg respectively No VOCs have been detected in sediment samples collected from other on-site surface water bodies

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-8 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

Table 1-5 Detected VOCs in Sediment

Sample ID Date Collected Tetrachloroethene Trichloroethene cis-l2-Dichloroethene Hgkg

SD-1 1803 573 136 J ND SD-1 duplicate 1803 748 186 ND

SD-2 1803 ND ND ND SD-3 1803 ND ND ND SD-4 1803 ND ND ND SD-5 1803 ND ND ND SD-6 5803 ND ND ND SD-7 5803 ND 32 105 SD-8 5803 ND ND ND

ND = Not detected above the laboratory reporting limit J = Estimated value

122 Seismic Results

Proposed monitoring well locations are based upon the VOC sampling results and the findings of the seismic refraction survey completed by Northeast Geophysical Services (NGS) in MarchApril 2003 The seismic report from NGS including cross-sectional views of the site geology

The depth to bedrock varies sharply across the site ranging from 10 to 30 feet below ground surface (bgs) from the easternmost edge of the site (ie former Drum Storage Area and gravel bank) to the center of the site (ie URI pond) and then slopes sharply down towards the turf fields Depths to bedrock increase sharply from 30 feet bgs beginning immediately west of the URI ponds and plateau to 150 feet bgs below the turfs fields to the west of Plains Road The overburden layer ranging in thickness from 10 to 150 feet moving east to west across the site has been characterized as loose textured unsorted and unstratified sand with lesser amount of clay and gravel (RJDEM SOW October 2001) The interpreted water table is quite flat under the western side of the site (ie across Plains Road) and rises with the surface and bedrock topography to the east and becomes quite shallow (ie less than 8 feet) in the vicinity of the former drum storage area (see Figure 3-2)

The results of the seismic survey have been used to 1) develop the current site conceptual model 2) develop the locations and depths of the proposed overburden monitoring wells and 3) identify zones of decreased bedrock velocity Lower velocity bedrock zones are possible fracture zones within the bedrock and were used to locate proposed bedrock monitoring well locations

123 Groundwater Flow Model

Figure 1-3 depicts the flow direction of groundwater from the former drum storage area in the simulated groundwater flow system at the URI Site This flow simulation was completed in a MODFLOW three-dimensional finite difference groundwater model completed by Woodard amp Curran (USGS McDonald and Harbaugh 1988) A more detailed description of the groundwater modeling effort for this entire site is provided in Appendix B In order to depict groundwater flow directions MODPATH a finite difference particle tracking software using MODFLOW was used

The groundwater potentiometric surface is depicted by the blue contour lines presented at five foot intervals on Figure 1-3 The flow paths are drawn perpendicular to the contour lines in red and indicate

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-9 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

the direction of groundwater movement from the former drum storage area Particles were placed in the till located above bedrock on the highlands east of the site in the vicinity of the former drum storage area released into the flow-field and tracked to provide a visual representation of contaminant flow at the site Flow occurs from the till covered bedrock highlands east of the landfill (ie former drum storage area) towards Hundred Acre Pond located west of the site This pond is a part of the larger Chipuxet River that flows from northeast to southwest west Groundwater flow is in a deeper unconsolidated till and lower down valley fillglacial outwash deposits groundwater begins to flow in a more northwesterly direction toward Hundred Acre Pond As groundwater approaches Hundred Acre Pond it turns abruptly apparently due west as it is influenced by the small steeply sloped unnamed hill adjacent to Hundred Acre Pond

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-10 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

Former Drum Disposal

Figure 1-3 Preliminary Groundwater Model

I Ongnials tn color Monitoring Well Work Plan West Kingston Town DumpURI Disposal Area Site

S Kingstown Rhode Island WOODARDampCURRANshy

205 540wipfiguresgwmodel cnv

2 PROJECT PLANNING

This section describes specific details concerning the installation and testing methods for the LTMN Included are the drilling method monitoring well construction details and aquifer testing methods Also discussed are field work-related activities that include health and safety issues and the handling of investigation derived waste (IDW) The field work associated with this work plan will be conducted in accordance with the site-specific Final Quality Assurance Project Plan (Including the Sampling and Analysis Plan) for the Remedial Investigation at the West Kingston Town DumpURI Disposal Area South Kingstown Rhode Island Health amp Safety Plan for the Remedial Investigation at the West Kingston Town DumpURI Disposal Area South Kingstown Rhode Island both dated August 2002 and the Vertical Profiling amp Monitoring Well Installation Plan dated July 2004 (see Appendix C)

21 DRILLING TECHNIQUES

The drilling techniques for the overburden and bedrock wells are described in Appendix C

22 DOWN HOLE GEOPHYSICAL METHODS

The geophysical methods are described in Appendix C

23 MONITORING WELL DEVELOPMENT

Monitoring wells will be developed to remove fine material which may be present in the vicinity of the well screen Monitoring wells will be developed using a surge block or over pumping to agitate the sand pack and draw loose formation material into the well screen A pump may be placed in the well to remove fine sediment that has been collected or the well may be bailed Pumping and surging actions will be alternated as appropriate until the groundwater removed from the well is visually free of fine sand and silt Development water from monitoring wells will be containerized for testing and disposal

The following general procedures will be used for monitoring well development

1 Decontaminate all pumping and tubing equipment prior to use in each monitoring well

2 Attach a surge block if used to an appropriate length of rods so the surge block extends down into the well screen

3 Rapidly raise and lower (surge) the block over the entire length of the well screen to loosen fine material from the sand pack and help establish the sand pack as a filter mechanism

4 After several minutes of surging remove well water Continue pumping or bailing for several minutes or until the water appears sediment-free

5 Continue the cycle of surging andor pumping until the water appears sediment-free with minimal well water removal after surging

6 Monitoring well development will not be conducted until 24-hours after installation During development pH temperature and specific conductivity will be measured as an indication of stabilization

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 2-1 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

7 Turbidity will be measured during this process as an indication of the development progress The goal will be 5 NTUs However after a reasonable effort (1 hour) is made to meet this goal and no significant progress is made toward the 5 NTU goal the development process will be discontinued

8 A filtered and an unfiltered groundwater sample may be collected if 5 NTUs is not met during subsequent groundwater sampling events

9 Record development activities and observations in the field log book

24 IN-SITU HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY TESTING (RISING HEAD TEST)

Woodard amp Curran will use flow and recharge measurements collected during low flow sampling events of the wells to measure discharge and drawdown over time to calculate the hydraulic conductivity The hydraulic conductivity for each well will be estimated using either the Hvorslev (1954) or the Bower-Rice (1976) method depending on the distribution of the data The standard operating procedure for the rising head tests was included in the Final Quality Assurance Project Plan (Including the Sampling and Analysis Plan) for the West Kingston Town DumpURIDisposal Area Site dated August 2002

25 GROUNDWATER ELEVATION MEASUREMENTS

Groundwater elevation measurements will be obtained using an electronic water level indicator which identifies the water level using an electronic current The following general procedures will be followed to collect water levels

1 Remove the cap from the top of the PVC riser

2 The highest point of the PVC rim will be permanently marked as a reference point

3 Place a decontaminated electronic water level sensor down the well

4 Listen for the audible signal indicating the sensor has reached the water level inside the well

5 Fine-tune the depth at which the sensor first rings by slowly raising and lowering the sensor until an accurate depth to water is found This will be measured and recorded to the nearest 001 foot

6 On the graduated cable attaching the sensor to the reel record the depth of the water from the highest point of the PVC rim

7 Record the time date and water level depth data in the field log book

The water elevation data will be used to interpret groundwater flow directions Measurements will be obtained periodically during the field program and during subsequent groundwater sampling events as required in the SOW

26 HEALTH amp SAFETY

The field work associated with this work plan will be conducted in accordance with the site-specific Health amp Safety Plan (HASP) for the Remedial Investigation at the West Kingston Town DumpURI Disposal Area South Kingstown Rhode Island dated August 2002 All work will be performed at Level D personal protection equipment as described in the HASP The HASP describes the necessary

West KtngstonURI Superfund Site 2-2 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

precautions to be taken to monitor the breathing zone and protect workers from potential dermal exposures

27 SURVEY

Monitoring well elevations and coordinates will be surveyed The well locations will be measured to the nearest meter and reported using the State Plane Coordinate System The elevations of the newly installed monitoring wells will be established using differential survey leveling techniques with an accuracy of+-001 feet

28 MANAGEMENT OF IDW

The management of investigation derived waste (IDW) is described in Appendix C

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 2-3 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

TARGET SHEET

THE MATERIAL DESCRIBED BELOW WAS NOT SCANNED BECAUSE

(X) OVERSIZED MAP

0 NON-PAPER MEDIA

QOTHER

DATE 110 W bullbull TITLE Merp-Kv DESCRIPTION

THE OMITTED MATERIAL IS AVAILABLE FOR REVIEW BY APPOINTMENT

AT THE EPA NEW ENGLAND SUPERFUND RECORDS CENTER BOSTONMA

drum disposal area) and west (ie Hundred Acre Pond) of the site and to evaluate if a VOC plume exists in the bedrock aquifer in the vicinity of the URI pond However the VOC data collected to date indicates that Landfill Areas FA2 FA3 and FAS are not significantly contributing to the VOCs in groundwater beneath the site

Pore Water

As part of a supplemental investigation completed in May 2003 27 pore water samples were collected at the URI pond located to the east of FA4 as shown on Figure 1-1 This pore water sampling investigated whether elevated PCE and TCE concentrations detected at SWSD-01 in January 2002 were a reflection of groundwater flow to the pond and were used to direct a Geoprobe groundwater investigation in the vicinity of the pond Volatile organic compounds were detected in 18 out of 27 pore water samples and included PCE and TCE and their breakdown products 12-DCA and cis-l2-l)CE (see Table 1-3) Detected concentrations of PCE in pore water ranged from 7 ugL to 360E ugL in exceedence of the USEPA Maximum Contaminants Level (MCL) of 5 ugL The highest concentration of PCE were detected at PW-20 (200E ugL) PW-21 (360E ugL) and PW-23 (220 ugL) located on the eastern edge of the pond Detected concentrations of TCE in pore water ranged from 55 ugL to 56E ugL in exceedence of the MCL of 5 ugL for this compound The highest concentration of TCE were also detected at PW-20 (36 ugL) PW-21 (56E ugL) and PW-23 (35 ugL) located on the eastern edge of the pond The results of the pore water sampling indicate that the URI pond is being impacted by PCE and TCE from upgradient groundwater This data also clearly indicates that there is not a dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) source in the pond itself or in the direct vicinity of the pond

Table 1-3 Detected VOCs in Pore Water from URI Pond

Sample ID

PW-1

PW-2 PW-3

PW-4

PW-5

PW-6

PW-7

PW-8

PW-9

PW-10

PW-11

PW-13

PW-14

PW-15

PW-16

PW-17

PW-18

PW-19

PW-20

Date Collected

5703

5803 5803

5603

5703

5703

5703

5703

5703

5703

5703

5803

5803

5803

5703

5603

5603

5603

5703

Tetrachloroethene

11 ND 13

ND

7

71 86

23 ND ND

82 ND

ND

17 ND

19

30

23

200 E

Trichloroethene

ND

ND ND ND

ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND

ND ND

ND

11

87

17 36

1 2-DichIoroethane

neL ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

55 ND

72

cis-l2-Dichloroethene

ND

83 ND

ND

ND

ND ND

54 ND ND

ND

ND ND

ND

ND

ND

12

35 15

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-7 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

Date Tetrachloroethene Trichloroethene 12-Dichloroethane cis-l2-Dichloroethene Sample ID Collected HSL

PW-21 5703 360 E 56 E 12 ND PW-22 5703 140 31 64 21 PW-23 5703 220 35 77 79 PW-24 5603 22 ND ND 12

PW-25 5803 ND ND ND ND PW-25

Duplicate 5803 ND ND ND ND

PW-26 5803 20 55 ND ND

PW-27 5803 ND ND ND ND ND = not detected above the laboratory reporting limit E = Estimated value exceeds calibration limit of analytical instrument

Surface Water

Seven (7) surface water samples have been collected at the site in both January 2003 and May 2003 as shown on Figure 1-1 Of these VOCs have been detected in the three surface water samples (SW-01 SW-06 and SW-07) collected at the URI pond located to the east of FA4 Detected VOCs included PCE TCE and trichlorofluoromethane (see Table 1-4) PCE has been detected in SW-01 SW-06 and SW-07 at concentrations of 20 ugL 14 ugL and 14 ugL respectively TCE was detected at SW-01 at 6 ugL Trichlorofluoromethane was detected at SW-01 at 1J ugL No VOCs have been detected in surface water samples collected from other on-site surface water bodies

Table 1-4 Detected VOCs in Surface Water

Tetrachloroethene Trichloroethene Trichlorofluoromethane

Sample ID Date Collected UgL

SW-01 1803 20 6 1J SW-02 1803 ND ND ND SW-03 1803 ND ND ND SW-04 1803 ND ND ND SW-05 1803 ND ND ND SW-06 5703 14 ND ND SW-07 5703 14 ND ND

ND = Not detected above the laboratory reporting limit J = Estimated value reported below the PQL

Sediment

Eight (8) sediment samples have been collected at the site in either January 2003 or May 2003 as shown on Figure 1-1 The results of this sampling indicate that sediments in the URI pond located to the east of FA4 have detectable concentrations of site-related VOCs Volatile organic compounds have been detected in two sediment samples (SD-01 and SD-07) collected from the URI pond and include PCE TCE and cis-l2-DCE (see Table 1-5) At SD-01 PCE and TCE were detected at concentrations of 538 ugkg (748 ugkg in the duplicate) and 136J ugkg (186 ugkg in the duplicate) respectively At SD-07 TCE and cis-l2-DCE were detected at 32 ugkg and 105 (igkg respectively No VOCs have been detected in sediment samples collected from other on-site surface water bodies

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-8 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

Table 1-5 Detected VOCs in Sediment

Sample ID Date Collected Tetrachloroethene Trichloroethene cis-l2-Dichloroethene Hgkg

SD-1 1803 573 136 J ND SD-1 duplicate 1803 748 186 ND

SD-2 1803 ND ND ND SD-3 1803 ND ND ND SD-4 1803 ND ND ND SD-5 1803 ND ND ND SD-6 5803 ND ND ND SD-7 5803 ND 32 105 SD-8 5803 ND ND ND

ND = Not detected above the laboratory reporting limit J = Estimated value

122 Seismic Results

Proposed monitoring well locations are based upon the VOC sampling results and the findings of the seismic refraction survey completed by Northeast Geophysical Services (NGS) in MarchApril 2003 The seismic report from NGS including cross-sectional views of the site geology

The depth to bedrock varies sharply across the site ranging from 10 to 30 feet below ground surface (bgs) from the easternmost edge of the site (ie former Drum Storage Area and gravel bank) to the center of the site (ie URI pond) and then slopes sharply down towards the turf fields Depths to bedrock increase sharply from 30 feet bgs beginning immediately west of the URI ponds and plateau to 150 feet bgs below the turfs fields to the west of Plains Road The overburden layer ranging in thickness from 10 to 150 feet moving east to west across the site has been characterized as loose textured unsorted and unstratified sand with lesser amount of clay and gravel (RJDEM SOW October 2001) The interpreted water table is quite flat under the western side of the site (ie across Plains Road) and rises with the surface and bedrock topography to the east and becomes quite shallow (ie less than 8 feet) in the vicinity of the former drum storage area (see Figure 3-2)

The results of the seismic survey have been used to 1) develop the current site conceptual model 2) develop the locations and depths of the proposed overburden monitoring wells and 3) identify zones of decreased bedrock velocity Lower velocity bedrock zones are possible fracture zones within the bedrock and were used to locate proposed bedrock monitoring well locations

123 Groundwater Flow Model

Figure 1-3 depicts the flow direction of groundwater from the former drum storage area in the simulated groundwater flow system at the URI Site This flow simulation was completed in a MODFLOW three-dimensional finite difference groundwater model completed by Woodard amp Curran (USGS McDonald and Harbaugh 1988) A more detailed description of the groundwater modeling effort for this entire site is provided in Appendix B In order to depict groundwater flow directions MODPATH a finite difference particle tracking software using MODFLOW was used

The groundwater potentiometric surface is depicted by the blue contour lines presented at five foot intervals on Figure 1-3 The flow paths are drawn perpendicular to the contour lines in red and indicate

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-9 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

the direction of groundwater movement from the former drum storage area Particles were placed in the till located above bedrock on the highlands east of the site in the vicinity of the former drum storage area released into the flow-field and tracked to provide a visual representation of contaminant flow at the site Flow occurs from the till covered bedrock highlands east of the landfill (ie former drum storage area) towards Hundred Acre Pond located west of the site This pond is a part of the larger Chipuxet River that flows from northeast to southwest west Groundwater flow is in a deeper unconsolidated till and lower down valley fillglacial outwash deposits groundwater begins to flow in a more northwesterly direction toward Hundred Acre Pond As groundwater approaches Hundred Acre Pond it turns abruptly apparently due west as it is influenced by the small steeply sloped unnamed hill adjacent to Hundred Acre Pond

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-10 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

Former Drum Disposal

Figure 1-3 Preliminary Groundwater Model

I Ongnials tn color Monitoring Well Work Plan West Kingston Town DumpURI Disposal Area Site

S Kingstown Rhode Island WOODARDampCURRANshy

205 540wipfiguresgwmodel cnv

2 PROJECT PLANNING

This section describes specific details concerning the installation and testing methods for the LTMN Included are the drilling method monitoring well construction details and aquifer testing methods Also discussed are field work-related activities that include health and safety issues and the handling of investigation derived waste (IDW) The field work associated with this work plan will be conducted in accordance with the site-specific Final Quality Assurance Project Plan (Including the Sampling and Analysis Plan) for the Remedial Investigation at the West Kingston Town DumpURI Disposal Area South Kingstown Rhode Island Health amp Safety Plan for the Remedial Investigation at the West Kingston Town DumpURI Disposal Area South Kingstown Rhode Island both dated August 2002 and the Vertical Profiling amp Monitoring Well Installation Plan dated July 2004 (see Appendix C)

21 DRILLING TECHNIQUES

The drilling techniques for the overburden and bedrock wells are described in Appendix C

22 DOWN HOLE GEOPHYSICAL METHODS

The geophysical methods are described in Appendix C

23 MONITORING WELL DEVELOPMENT

Monitoring wells will be developed to remove fine material which may be present in the vicinity of the well screen Monitoring wells will be developed using a surge block or over pumping to agitate the sand pack and draw loose formation material into the well screen A pump may be placed in the well to remove fine sediment that has been collected or the well may be bailed Pumping and surging actions will be alternated as appropriate until the groundwater removed from the well is visually free of fine sand and silt Development water from monitoring wells will be containerized for testing and disposal

The following general procedures will be used for monitoring well development

1 Decontaminate all pumping and tubing equipment prior to use in each monitoring well

2 Attach a surge block if used to an appropriate length of rods so the surge block extends down into the well screen

3 Rapidly raise and lower (surge) the block over the entire length of the well screen to loosen fine material from the sand pack and help establish the sand pack as a filter mechanism

4 After several minutes of surging remove well water Continue pumping or bailing for several minutes or until the water appears sediment-free

5 Continue the cycle of surging andor pumping until the water appears sediment-free with minimal well water removal after surging

6 Monitoring well development will not be conducted until 24-hours after installation During development pH temperature and specific conductivity will be measured as an indication of stabilization

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 2-1 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

7 Turbidity will be measured during this process as an indication of the development progress The goal will be 5 NTUs However after a reasonable effort (1 hour) is made to meet this goal and no significant progress is made toward the 5 NTU goal the development process will be discontinued

8 A filtered and an unfiltered groundwater sample may be collected if 5 NTUs is not met during subsequent groundwater sampling events

9 Record development activities and observations in the field log book

24 IN-SITU HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY TESTING (RISING HEAD TEST)

Woodard amp Curran will use flow and recharge measurements collected during low flow sampling events of the wells to measure discharge and drawdown over time to calculate the hydraulic conductivity The hydraulic conductivity for each well will be estimated using either the Hvorslev (1954) or the Bower-Rice (1976) method depending on the distribution of the data The standard operating procedure for the rising head tests was included in the Final Quality Assurance Project Plan (Including the Sampling and Analysis Plan) for the West Kingston Town DumpURIDisposal Area Site dated August 2002

25 GROUNDWATER ELEVATION MEASUREMENTS

Groundwater elevation measurements will be obtained using an electronic water level indicator which identifies the water level using an electronic current The following general procedures will be followed to collect water levels

1 Remove the cap from the top of the PVC riser

2 The highest point of the PVC rim will be permanently marked as a reference point

3 Place a decontaminated electronic water level sensor down the well

4 Listen for the audible signal indicating the sensor has reached the water level inside the well

5 Fine-tune the depth at which the sensor first rings by slowly raising and lowering the sensor until an accurate depth to water is found This will be measured and recorded to the nearest 001 foot

6 On the graduated cable attaching the sensor to the reel record the depth of the water from the highest point of the PVC rim

7 Record the time date and water level depth data in the field log book

The water elevation data will be used to interpret groundwater flow directions Measurements will be obtained periodically during the field program and during subsequent groundwater sampling events as required in the SOW

26 HEALTH amp SAFETY

The field work associated with this work plan will be conducted in accordance with the site-specific Health amp Safety Plan (HASP) for the Remedial Investigation at the West Kingston Town DumpURI Disposal Area South Kingstown Rhode Island dated August 2002 All work will be performed at Level D personal protection equipment as described in the HASP The HASP describes the necessary

West KtngstonURI Superfund Site 2-2 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

precautions to be taken to monitor the breathing zone and protect workers from potential dermal exposures

27 SURVEY

Monitoring well elevations and coordinates will be surveyed The well locations will be measured to the nearest meter and reported using the State Plane Coordinate System The elevations of the newly installed monitoring wells will be established using differential survey leveling techniques with an accuracy of+-001 feet

28 MANAGEMENT OF IDW

The management of investigation derived waste (IDW) is described in Appendix C

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 2-3 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

drum disposal area) and west (ie Hundred Acre Pond) of the site and to evaluate if a VOC plume exists in the bedrock aquifer in the vicinity of the URI pond However the VOC data collected to date indicates that Landfill Areas FA2 FA3 and FAS are not significantly contributing to the VOCs in groundwater beneath the site

Pore Water

As part of a supplemental investigation completed in May 2003 27 pore water samples were collected at the URI pond located to the east of FA4 as shown on Figure 1-1 This pore water sampling investigated whether elevated PCE and TCE concentrations detected at SWSD-01 in January 2002 were a reflection of groundwater flow to the pond and were used to direct a Geoprobe groundwater investigation in the vicinity of the pond Volatile organic compounds were detected in 18 out of 27 pore water samples and included PCE and TCE and their breakdown products 12-DCA and cis-l2-l)CE (see Table 1-3) Detected concentrations of PCE in pore water ranged from 7 ugL to 360E ugL in exceedence of the USEPA Maximum Contaminants Level (MCL) of 5 ugL The highest concentration of PCE were detected at PW-20 (200E ugL) PW-21 (360E ugL) and PW-23 (220 ugL) located on the eastern edge of the pond Detected concentrations of TCE in pore water ranged from 55 ugL to 56E ugL in exceedence of the MCL of 5 ugL for this compound The highest concentration of TCE were also detected at PW-20 (36 ugL) PW-21 (56E ugL) and PW-23 (35 ugL) located on the eastern edge of the pond The results of the pore water sampling indicate that the URI pond is being impacted by PCE and TCE from upgradient groundwater This data also clearly indicates that there is not a dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) source in the pond itself or in the direct vicinity of the pond

Table 1-3 Detected VOCs in Pore Water from URI Pond

Sample ID

PW-1

PW-2 PW-3

PW-4

PW-5

PW-6

PW-7

PW-8

PW-9

PW-10

PW-11

PW-13

PW-14

PW-15

PW-16

PW-17

PW-18

PW-19

PW-20

Date Collected

5703

5803 5803

5603

5703

5703

5703

5703

5703

5703

5703

5803

5803

5803

5703

5603

5603

5603

5703

Tetrachloroethene

11 ND 13

ND

7

71 86

23 ND ND

82 ND

ND

17 ND

19

30

23

200 E

Trichloroethene

ND

ND ND ND

ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND

ND ND

ND

11

87

17 36

1 2-DichIoroethane

neL ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

55 ND

72

cis-l2-Dichloroethene

ND

83 ND

ND

ND

ND ND

54 ND ND

ND

ND ND

ND

ND

ND

12

35 15

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-7 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

Date Tetrachloroethene Trichloroethene 12-Dichloroethane cis-l2-Dichloroethene Sample ID Collected HSL

PW-21 5703 360 E 56 E 12 ND PW-22 5703 140 31 64 21 PW-23 5703 220 35 77 79 PW-24 5603 22 ND ND 12

PW-25 5803 ND ND ND ND PW-25

Duplicate 5803 ND ND ND ND

PW-26 5803 20 55 ND ND

PW-27 5803 ND ND ND ND ND = not detected above the laboratory reporting limit E = Estimated value exceeds calibration limit of analytical instrument

Surface Water

Seven (7) surface water samples have been collected at the site in both January 2003 and May 2003 as shown on Figure 1-1 Of these VOCs have been detected in the three surface water samples (SW-01 SW-06 and SW-07) collected at the URI pond located to the east of FA4 Detected VOCs included PCE TCE and trichlorofluoromethane (see Table 1-4) PCE has been detected in SW-01 SW-06 and SW-07 at concentrations of 20 ugL 14 ugL and 14 ugL respectively TCE was detected at SW-01 at 6 ugL Trichlorofluoromethane was detected at SW-01 at 1J ugL No VOCs have been detected in surface water samples collected from other on-site surface water bodies

Table 1-4 Detected VOCs in Surface Water

Tetrachloroethene Trichloroethene Trichlorofluoromethane

Sample ID Date Collected UgL

SW-01 1803 20 6 1J SW-02 1803 ND ND ND SW-03 1803 ND ND ND SW-04 1803 ND ND ND SW-05 1803 ND ND ND SW-06 5703 14 ND ND SW-07 5703 14 ND ND

ND = Not detected above the laboratory reporting limit J = Estimated value reported below the PQL

Sediment

Eight (8) sediment samples have been collected at the site in either January 2003 or May 2003 as shown on Figure 1-1 The results of this sampling indicate that sediments in the URI pond located to the east of FA4 have detectable concentrations of site-related VOCs Volatile organic compounds have been detected in two sediment samples (SD-01 and SD-07) collected from the URI pond and include PCE TCE and cis-l2-DCE (see Table 1-5) At SD-01 PCE and TCE were detected at concentrations of 538 ugkg (748 ugkg in the duplicate) and 136J ugkg (186 ugkg in the duplicate) respectively At SD-07 TCE and cis-l2-DCE were detected at 32 ugkg and 105 (igkg respectively No VOCs have been detected in sediment samples collected from other on-site surface water bodies

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-8 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

Table 1-5 Detected VOCs in Sediment

Sample ID Date Collected Tetrachloroethene Trichloroethene cis-l2-Dichloroethene Hgkg

SD-1 1803 573 136 J ND SD-1 duplicate 1803 748 186 ND

SD-2 1803 ND ND ND SD-3 1803 ND ND ND SD-4 1803 ND ND ND SD-5 1803 ND ND ND SD-6 5803 ND ND ND SD-7 5803 ND 32 105 SD-8 5803 ND ND ND

ND = Not detected above the laboratory reporting limit J = Estimated value

122 Seismic Results

Proposed monitoring well locations are based upon the VOC sampling results and the findings of the seismic refraction survey completed by Northeast Geophysical Services (NGS) in MarchApril 2003 The seismic report from NGS including cross-sectional views of the site geology

The depth to bedrock varies sharply across the site ranging from 10 to 30 feet below ground surface (bgs) from the easternmost edge of the site (ie former Drum Storage Area and gravel bank) to the center of the site (ie URI pond) and then slopes sharply down towards the turf fields Depths to bedrock increase sharply from 30 feet bgs beginning immediately west of the URI ponds and plateau to 150 feet bgs below the turfs fields to the west of Plains Road The overburden layer ranging in thickness from 10 to 150 feet moving east to west across the site has been characterized as loose textured unsorted and unstratified sand with lesser amount of clay and gravel (RJDEM SOW October 2001) The interpreted water table is quite flat under the western side of the site (ie across Plains Road) and rises with the surface and bedrock topography to the east and becomes quite shallow (ie less than 8 feet) in the vicinity of the former drum storage area (see Figure 3-2)

The results of the seismic survey have been used to 1) develop the current site conceptual model 2) develop the locations and depths of the proposed overburden monitoring wells and 3) identify zones of decreased bedrock velocity Lower velocity bedrock zones are possible fracture zones within the bedrock and were used to locate proposed bedrock monitoring well locations

123 Groundwater Flow Model

Figure 1-3 depicts the flow direction of groundwater from the former drum storage area in the simulated groundwater flow system at the URI Site This flow simulation was completed in a MODFLOW three-dimensional finite difference groundwater model completed by Woodard amp Curran (USGS McDonald and Harbaugh 1988) A more detailed description of the groundwater modeling effort for this entire site is provided in Appendix B In order to depict groundwater flow directions MODPATH a finite difference particle tracking software using MODFLOW was used

The groundwater potentiometric surface is depicted by the blue contour lines presented at five foot intervals on Figure 1-3 The flow paths are drawn perpendicular to the contour lines in red and indicate

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-9 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

the direction of groundwater movement from the former drum storage area Particles were placed in the till located above bedrock on the highlands east of the site in the vicinity of the former drum storage area released into the flow-field and tracked to provide a visual representation of contaminant flow at the site Flow occurs from the till covered bedrock highlands east of the landfill (ie former drum storage area) towards Hundred Acre Pond located west of the site This pond is a part of the larger Chipuxet River that flows from northeast to southwest west Groundwater flow is in a deeper unconsolidated till and lower down valley fillglacial outwash deposits groundwater begins to flow in a more northwesterly direction toward Hundred Acre Pond As groundwater approaches Hundred Acre Pond it turns abruptly apparently due west as it is influenced by the small steeply sloped unnamed hill adjacent to Hundred Acre Pond

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 1-10 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

Former Drum Disposal

Figure 1-3 Preliminary Groundwater Model

I Ongnials tn color Monitoring Well Work Plan West Kingston Town DumpURI Disposal Area Site

S Kingstown Rhode Island WOODARDampCURRANshy

205 540wipfiguresgwmodel cnv

2 PROJECT PLANNING

This section describes specific details concerning the installation and testing methods for the LTMN Included are the drilling method monitoring well construction details and aquifer testing methods Also discussed are field work-related activities that include health and safety issues and the handling of investigation derived waste (IDW) The field work associated with this work plan will be conducted in accordance with the site-specific Final Quality Assurance Project Plan (Including the Sampling and Analysis Plan) for the Remedial Investigation at the West Kingston Town DumpURI Disposal Area South Kingstown Rhode Island Health amp Safety Plan for the Remedial Investigation at the West Kingston Town DumpURI Disposal Area South Kingstown Rhode Island both dated August 2002 and the Vertical Profiling amp Monitoring Well Installation Plan dated July 2004 (see Appendix C)

21 DRILLING TECHNIQUES

The drilling techniques for the overburden and bedrock wells are described in Appendix C

22 DOWN HOLE GEOPHYSICAL METHODS

The geophysical methods are described in Appendix C

23 MONITORING WELL DEVELOPMENT

Monitoring wells will be developed to remove fine material which may be present in the vicinity of the well screen Monitoring wells will be developed using a surge block or over pumping to agitate the sand pack and draw loose formation material into the well screen A pump may be placed in the well to remove fine sediment that has been collected or the well may be bailed Pumping and surging actions will be alternated as appropriate until the groundwater removed from the well is visually free of fine sand and silt Development water from monitoring wells will be containerized for testing and disposal

The following general procedures will be used for monitoring well development

1 Decontaminate all pumping and tubing equipment prior to use in each monitoring well

2 Attach a surge block if used to an appropriate length of rods so the surge block extends down into the well screen

3 Rapidly raise and lower (surge) the block over the entire length of the well screen to loosen fine material from the sand pack and help establish the sand pack as a filter mechanism

4 After several minutes of surging remove well water Continue pumping or bailing for several minutes or until the water appears sediment-free

5 Continue the cycle of surging andor pumping until the water appears sediment-free with minimal well water removal after surging

6 Monitoring well development will not be conducted until 24-hours after installation During development pH temperature and specific conductivity will be measured as an indication of stabilization

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 2-1 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

7 Turbidity will be measured during this process as an indication of the development progress The goal will be 5 NTUs However after a reasonable effort (1 hour) is made to meet this goal and no significant progress is made toward the 5 NTU goal the development process will be discontinued

8 A filtered and an unfiltered groundwater sample may be collected if 5 NTUs is not met during subsequent groundwater sampling events

9 Record development activities and observations in the field log book

24 IN-SITU HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY TESTING (RISING HEAD TEST)

Woodard amp Curran will use flow and recharge measurements collected during low flow sampling events of the wells to measure discharge and drawdown over time to calculate the hydraulic conductivity The hydraulic conductivity for each well will be estimated using either the Hvorslev (1954) or the Bower-Rice (1976) method depending on the distribution of the data The standard operating procedure for the rising head tests was included in the Final Quality Assurance Project Plan (Including the Sampling and Analysis Plan) for the West Kingston Town DumpURIDisposal Area Site dated August 2002

25 GROUNDWATER ELEVATION MEASUREMENTS

Groundwater elevation measurements will be obtained using an electronic water level indicator which identifies the water level using an electronic current The following general procedures will be followed to collect water levels

1 Remove the cap from the top of the PVC riser

2 The highest point of the PVC rim will be permanently marked as a reference point

3 Place a decontaminated electronic water level sensor down the well

4 Listen for the audible signal indicating the sensor has reached the water level inside the well

5 Fine-tune the depth at which the sensor first rings by slowly raising and lowering the sensor until an accurate depth to water is found This will be measured and recorded to the nearest 001 foot

6 On the graduated cable attaching the sensor to the reel record the depth of the water from the highest point of the PVC rim

7 Record the time date and water level depth data in the field log book

The water elevation data will be used to interpret groundwater flow directions Measurements will be obtained periodically during the field program and during subsequent groundwater sampling events as required in the SOW

26 HEALTH amp SAFETY

The field work associated with this work plan will be conducted in accordance with the site-specific Health amp Safety Plan (HASP) for the Remedial Investigation at the West Kingston Town DumpURI Disposal Area South Kingstown Rhode Island dated August 2002 All work will be performed at Level D personal protection equipment as described in the HASP The HASP describes the necessary

West KtngstonURI Superfund Site 2-2 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004

precautions to be taken to monitor the breathing zone and protect workers from potential dermal exposures

27 SURVEY

Monitoring well elevations and coordinates will be surveyed The well locations will be measured to the nearest meter and reported using the State Plane Coordinate System The elevations of the newly installed monitoring wells will be established using differential survey leveling techniques with an accuracy of+-001 feet

28 MANAGEMENT OF IDW

The management of investigation derived waste (IDW) is described in Appendix C

West KingstonURI Superfund Site 2-3 Woodard amp Curran Final Work Plandoc July 2004