Literary TermsSean Celli

CharacterizationNoun: the way an author develops the fictional people who populate a novel.

Nathaniel Hawthorne used characterization in, “ Dr. Heidegger’s Experiment,” to describe the guests of the doctor as depressed old seniors, who had terrible lives form many different reasons. It makes you feel as though They are living today, or at least based off of other people, because their features are so life-like

In YGB, The second traveler had many characterizations to it. He was described as an eerie, suspicious fellow with a cloak over his head and a walking stick in his hand. The author used characterization on the devil to show how creepy the devil looks in real life compared to back then in Salem.

In BBC, the Bedwetters were a great example of characterization to shows the different lifestyles of different children. All six of these boys had something they cherished to themselves, and all had challenges to overcome by facing said challenges, as a group, square in the face and fighting them as one.

I chose the Disney characters because they are a great example of the Power of characterization. In every show/movie about these 5 animals,The characterization came into great play by showing how differentCharacters can have different personalities, and different things they are known for. For example, Pluto was always characterized as a happy dog, who always saved the day when there was trouble.

ConflictNoun: A fight, battle, struggle, or a prolonged struggle

Young Goodman Brown had the conflict of resisting the devil and temptation when he tried to look into the God towards heaven

The three guests that Dr. Heidegger invited had a conflict over who could dance with Widow Wycherly first.

Cotton had many conflicts when trying to organize the Bedwetters into a single fighting unit

This shows the conflict that can start between two people over something. This could be over a

debate, such as a bill not paid, or something one another said.

This caption shows the conflict the bedwetters

Had when they encountered the two hustlersAt the bar over some milk. This is the part

when They shot the two guys before they ran out

of gas.

ConnotationThe associated or secondary meaning of a word or expression in addition to its explicit or primary meaning. (Home = place of warmth/ protection)

The connotation of the castle in the Masque of the Red Death would be, “ A big stone structure built in the middle ages period, with small windows and large elevated ceilings.

A connotation for the word, “ skeleton” from Dr. Heidegger’s experiment would be, “ the bones of a human or an animal considered as a whole, together forming the framework of a body.

If I was to connote the word, “ walking stick” from Young Goodman Brown, it would say, “ A stick held in the hand and used to support oneself while walking.”

This picture makes shows how connotation is an implied meaning, not a literal meaning ( Denotation) In the Genesis story, the snake would be a connotation that it is evil and a sense of sin and danger.

Denotation

Noun: the direct meaning of a word or expression, as distinguished from the ideas or meaning associated with it or suggested by it.

The denotation of the Red Death from, “Masque of the Red Death,’ would be a gorish plague that causes death in half an hour where blood spews out of your face to show you are inflicted with the death.

In, “Young Goodman Brown,” Faith’s ribbon would have a denotation of, “ A woven strip of band or fine material, used for tying/ ornament,” because that it the literal meaning of what a ribbon is.

The buffalo from, “ Bless the Beasts and Children,” would have a dentation of, “ A large wild oxen from the Bovidae family. ( American buffalo, water buffalo)

This picture is perfect for denotation because denotation is the literal meaning of something.Here in the picture the sign, “ Out to lunch,” literally means the three men are having their lunch and

not working.

Flashback

Noun: a device in narrative writing where an event taking place before the present is inserted into the chronological structure of the work.

In “Bless the Beasts and Children,” there were many examples of flashback. One was when the Bedwetters went after Lally 2 when he escaped and a flashback of when he was living home and going into the sauna with the Ooms was inserted into that part of the story.

In, Dr. Heidegger’s experiment, a flashback was when the Doctor was reminiscing about his love, Sylvia, and the time when she dies on their wedding night. Also, when their were explaining each of the characters life stories ( Mr. Medbourne, Widow Wycherly, etc.)

There weren’t many other flashbacks from the stories, but YGB did have one big example. When the story first started, YGB was going into the forest to meet the devil. In the end he back back out. This could’ve been an example of flashback because YGB was remembering what he did in the forest while he was waking up and coming back out. The story could’ve also been turned around that it started with him coming out of the forest and having flashback of him going in

This is what the forest YGB was walking in would’ve looked like. This is an example of flashbackBecause certain items bring back memories of other points in one’s lifetime that had that item. When YGB

Was walking out of the forest, he would’ve had a flashback of him walking into the forest,Because of the same area (crossroads) he would’ve been walking in.

ForeshadowingVerb: to show or indicate beforehand; prefigure

The part of the genesis story where Adam and Eve eating the forbidden fruit foreshadow that they will get into trouble for sinning against God’s order.

When Dr. Heidegger brought the dead rose back to life with his potion, it foreshadowed that it would work on his 4 test subjects, which it did.

In, “ Bless the Beasts and Children,” the part when The second vote came into play ( broken down car) foreshadowed that they would make it to the compound and free the buffalo, since they went all that way and wouldn’t just give up right there.

This picture is about when God told Abraham To sacrifice his only son, Isaac, as a n offering. When Abraham was about to,Then an angel told him to stop and Go was pleased. This foreshadows Jesus’

Sacrifice because God only had one son too, and had to sacrifice JesusFor the sake of humanity.

ImageryNoun: figurative description or illustration to set the tone of narrative elements (plot, character, setting, objects)

The imagery in, “ The Masque of the Red Death,” helps readers understand the setting of the story by explaining in full detail the colored rooms, the chime of the ebony clock, and the horror of the red death itself.

Imagery is used in, “ Young Goodman Brown” to fully describe what a real satanic ritual is like and how different people think/look on the outside compared to the inside. The author does this by using the images of the dark clouds, the suspicious second traveler, and the dark forest to explain how this fits gothic convention styled writing.

The gothic convention of Dr. Heidegger helped the author create the image of the doctor’s study as a dim place full of witchcraft and wizardry. It also is created by adding in a spooky mirror, a skeleton, a magic black ball, and an elixir that changes the age of anybody who drinks it.

This is a picture of what it probably looked like at the devil ritual YGB attended. The picture, thanks to imagery, shows how gory and evil places like these really are.

YGB stares into the clouds at this point because so much evil is engulfing him that he can’t Stand it and has to find a source of God to hold on to

MetaphorNoun: A figure of speech where a term or phrase is applied to something to which it is not literally applicable in order to suggest a resemblance without the use of “ like” or “as” (The beautiful land is Canaan)

In, “The Masque of the Red Death,” the red death itself was used metaphorically to be explained as, “ Horrible and a plague.” This is a metaphor because it says that the red death IS a plague, whereas a simile would say it is LIKE a plague.

In YGB, there were many metaphors to explain the story. For example, The walking stick didn’t appear to be moving LIKE a serpent, it WAS a serpent, moving just like an ordinary snake would do. Also, YGB didn’t walk into a place go into place that was LIKE a devil worshipping; He actually WAS in one.

In the Allegory of the Cave, metaphors were very important in this story. When it would say, “ Imagine a place where prisoners are chained and these prisoners have to stare at a wall and watch shadows pass by.” In that quote, it truly that these people were actually prisoners, they weren’t LIKE prisoner. A simile would have compared a group of people to prisoners, saying they were LIKE them, whereas a metaphor says that these people ARE prisoners.

This Picture shows an example sentence about how metaphors are used. In the sentence, it says that a metaphor is a glorious thing, not a simile that it is LIKE A glorious thing. Metaphors and similes are very different but very easy to mix up.

SimileNoun: a figure of speech in which two unlike things are explicitly compared using the words like/as ( She is as delicate AS a flower)

In Genesis, the snake acted just like the devil. It wasn’t the devil, (metaphor) it was like it, or represented it. This is because the devil is a cunning and deceitful animal, who played a trick on Eve to sin against God. The devil is a, “ Fallen angel,” Who can also be described as the opposite of everything that God does.

In BBC, John Cotton was a simile to Jesus Christ. This was because Jesus saved us from our sins being sacrificing himself and helped us along with our weaknesses. John Cotton also sacrificed himself for the benefit of the bedwetters to cut the baby nonsense and grow up to be strong men. A simile would be, “ John Cotton is AS powerful and brave AS Jesus Christ.

In Dr. Heidegger’s Experiment, The simile present was the guests after being turned young being compared to greedy children. It is safe to say, “ Dr. Heidegger’s guests were as childish as greedy schoolchildren,” because once these men got their second chance, all they wanted to do was get their greedy hands on Widow Wycherly for one dance. Instead of sharing, they all had to have her at once. This is just like how little children fight over who can have what toy or snack. ( no sharing)

This picture shows how simile fits in a sentence Compared to its counterpart, the metaphor. The key wordIn the picture is the word, “AS” because it signals that two thingsAre being compared, not shared together as one. The picture says That this dog smells so bad it is saying that it smells as badAs old dirty socks.

Plot

Noun: the plan, or main story of a literary work, as a play novel or short story.

The Plot of, “ The Masque of the Red Death,” is about a young prince who tries to escape death for as long as possible by locking his house and throwing a big party for a long time.

“ Fall of the House of Usher,” has a very complicated plot. Its main story is about a man who travels to his old friend, Roderick Usher, who is ill and has a very run-down house. Over the course of the story, the reader finds out that the house is Roderick Usher, which at some point will collapse at the death of Usher himself.

The Plot of Dr. Heidegger’s Experiment is about a man who tries to give his depressed friends a second chance by giving them the oppurtunity of traveling back to the past and have a second chance, which backfires on the doctor himself. This is because his guests don’t learn from their mistakes.

This is the chart of how a typical plot line occurs. It starts With the Exposition, or beginning. Then the rising action, or events

That lead to the climax. Next is climax, or most important Part of the story. After is the falling action, or events that are not as important

As climax. Finally it ends with the Denouement, or resolution. That is a typical Plotline

Point of View

The position of the narrator in relation to the story, as indicated by the narrator’s outlook from which the events are depicted and by the attitude toward the characters.

The point of view in, “ the Allegory of the Cave,” is from a third person speaker who talks pretty neutral, not favoring the prisoners or the intelligent people. Point of view is highly dependent on what side of the story it is focused on.

The point of view of, “ The Masque of the Red Death” comes from the Red Death itself. This is because it feel the tone is set that death is speaking about how Prince Prospero tried at all costs to escape from death and did not win in the end. This could be a flashback of death talking about how foolish the Prince was.

“Dr. Heidegger’s Experiment” has the weirdest point of view because it was a blend of 3rd and 1st together. It would narrate about Dr. Heidegger and then transition into the doctor speaking himself about his experiment. It was hard to grasp onto the concept at first but after reading it a couple of times made it easier to understand.

This is a great picture to use as a point of view because It perfectly explains how there are different point of viewsIn all types of societies. In this one they are very different,

Because the one is a king, who has everything and rules over hisSubjects, where the people do not have much and have to live

Under the kings rule.

Setting

noun: the surroundings or environment of a story. It is also where the story takes place.

The setting of the, “ Masque of the red Death” is an old castle with seven different colored rooms in the middle of a terrible plague going on outside of the castle.

The setting in, “ The allegory of the Cave” is a cave in the inside of a mountain that hold prisoners and has a fire burning in it. On the outside is beautiful nature just like the world today.

The setting in, “ Dr. Heidegger’s Experiment” takes place in the doctors study, which is a grim place with many old books, and a table set for five with 4 champagne glasses in the middle.

The setting of the allegory of the cave is described above. Setting is important Because its explains where a story takes place and also

How all other narrative elements are used according to where the Story takes place. In this story, the Plot is dependent on why there are

Prisoners in a cave watching shadows walking by.

AllegoryNoun: A representation of an abstract meaning through concrete ideas that can be interpreted literally or symbolically.

The Allegory of the Cave is an allegory because it is a story that can be interpreted literally that prisoners are trapped in a cave watching shadows, or symbolically that it shows how people can be narrow minded and only stay on a one track learning rule.

The Genesis story is also an allegory because the literal meaning is that there are two people living in an enchanted world and were tricked by a snake into eating a piece of fruit. The Symbolic meaning is that Humans are not all perfect and that temptation is always luring us closer and closer towards a life of sin.

The Masque of the Red Death is an allegory because it is a story that is literally about a young prince who throws a big party and dies by a bad plague at the end. The Symbolic version is that humans always want to be in a place that requires joyous occasions and never wants to be associated with death, and never want to die.

This isn’t a great picture, but that was all there was sorry. This picture Represents allegory because the two parts of allegory are

The literal version and the symbolic version. What someone’s story means is the literal meaning, And someone who adds onto that story is the figurative meaning, because they

Are explaining the literal version through symbolic references.

Parable

Noun: A short story that teaches a moral lesson, or some truth

Genesis is a parable because it teaches kids that they should stay away from temptation and always listen to what God tell them to do.

The Masque of the Red Death is also a parable because it explains how people will never be able to escape death, no matter how hard they try.

Young Goodman Brown is the finally parable because it teaches that people shouldn’t judge a book by it cover; just because people look nice on the outside doesn’t mean they are really nice on the inside.

The Genesis story is an example of a parable because it teaches a religious lesson ofResisting sin and listening to everything God says. Here in the picture,

It shows the snake (temptation) giving the forbidden fruit to Eve, and causingOriginal sin to occur.

Polysyndeton

Noun: the use of a number of conjunctions in close succession.

The end of, “masque of the Red Death” is a good example of polysyndeton, because in a short amount of time, Prince Prospero, “ Came forth, drew a dagger, chased after the Red Death, and died all in a short amount of time. Thanks to polysyndeton, the use of many conjunctions made this possible.

The Allegory of the Cave is another example because in a short amount of time, Prisoners were watching the shadows on the wall, then one is freed, then the same one comes back and is mocked for being freed. This all occurs in a short time because the narrator describes the story with many conjunctions which means it didn’t take that long.

Dr. Heidegger’s experiment in the third example because in a short part of the story, The men quickly drank the potion, became young, got up, fought over a lady, then turned young again. Polysyndeton wasused to show how time flies when men are fighting and having fun remember the good old times.

This is a good example of polysyntedon because it has many conjunctions In a short amount of words. When there are many conjunctions in close

Relation of one another, that means many thing s are being accomplished. In this example, The famous means that some came, saw, and conquered

In a short amount of time. That is what Polysyntedon means.

Syntax

Noun: The study of the patterns of formation of sentences and phrases form words

In “ the Masque of the Red Death, it is very important to have syntax as a tool to figure out how to understand certain words. Since this story is written in victorian english, then people have to take more time to go over the words and understand what the text is saying.

Since Dr. Heidegger’s experiment is a short story, Syntax is key to figure out where each main idea begins and ends. For example, after the narrator introduces the guests, then people have to realize that the doctor Heidegger starts speaking about his experiment.

YGB is the most crucial story when it comes to syntax, because this story has many different pieces to it. Right when he goes into the forest, people have to remember that he met a second traveler before going to the ritual mass. If people do not remember every detail, then they will get lost very easily

This picture shows how important syntax is. It is so important that they make booksJust to teach people about how to use syntax in many different languages.

Whether it be English, Latin, French, Spanish, syntax is an ideal part of grammar thatIs used by everybody.