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    PROVIDINGPROVIDING

    EFFECTIVEEFFECTIVELEADERSHIPLEADERSHIP

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    LEADERSHIPis the ability of an individual to INFLUENCE,

    MOTIVATE and ENABLE OTE!" to#ont$ibute to%a$d the effe#tiveness and

    su##ess of the o$&ani'ations of %hi#h they

    a$e (e(be$s)

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    UnderstandinUnderstanding Leadershipg Leadership

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    Leadership is the art of gettingsomeone else to do something

    you want done, because he wantsto do it.

    -DwightEisenhower

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    Leadership

    Ability to influen#e othe$s to a#t in a*a$ti#ula$ %ay+

    Th$ou&h di$e#tion, en#ou$a&e(ent,sensitivity, #onside$ation and su**o$t, you

    ins*i$e you$ follo%e$s to a##e*t #hallen&esand a#hieve &oals that (ay be vie%ed asdiffi#ult to a#hieve+

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    LeadershipLeadership

    ou see and &et the best out of othe$s-hel*in&

    the( develo* a sense of *e$sonal and

    *$ofessional a##o(*lish(ent+

    Bein& a leade$ (eans buildin& #o((it(ent to

    &oal attain(ent a(on& those bein& led, as %ell

    as a st$on& desi$e fo$ the( to #ontinue follo%in&.

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    Are Yo A Leader !e"ase

    Yo#re a Sper$isor% Those %ho su*e$vise othe$s a$e a**ointed by

    the o$&ani'ation+

    They have le&iti(ate *o%e$ that allo%s the( to$e%a$d o$ *unish thei$ e(*loyees+

    Thei$ ability to influen#e e(*loyees is based onthe fo$(al autho$ity inhe$ent in thei$ *ositions.

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    Are Yo a Leader !e"ase

    Yo#re a Sper$isor% In #ont$ast, leade$s (ay eithe$ be

    a**ointed o$ e(e$&e f$o( %ithin a &$ou*+

    Leade$s #an influen#e othe$s to *e$fo$(

    beyond the a#tions di#tated by fo$(al

    autho$ity

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    &hat are the&hat are the

    Traits o'Traits o'S""ess'(S""ess'(

    Leaders%Leaders%

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    TRAITSTRAITS

    Desire to

    Influence Others

    IntelligenceIntelligenceHonesty and

    Moral Character

    Self-Confidence

    DRIVE

    Relevant

    no!ledge

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    1.1. DriveDrive

    refects a desire to exert a high level orefects a desire to exert a high level o

    eort to complete a task;eort to complete a task; Has a strong need to achieve and excel inHas a strong need to achieve and excel in

    what he or she does;what he or she does; Amitio!s" this leader demonstrates highAmitio!s" this leader demonstrates high

    energ# levels in his or her endlessenerg# levels in his or her endlesspersistence in all activities;persistence in all activities;

    $re%!entl# shows a willingness to take$re%!entl# shows a willingness to takeinitiative.initiative.

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    &.&. Desire to 'nf!enceDesire to 'nf!ence

    (thers(thers

    )his desire to lead is viewed as a)his desire to lead is viewed as a

    willingness to accept responsiilit#willingness to accept responsiilit#or a variet# o tasks.or a variet# o tasks.

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    *.*. Honest# and +oralHonest# and +oral

    ,haracter,haracter

    A leader also !ilds tr!stingA leader also !ilds tr!sting

    relationships with those he or sherelationships with those he or she

    inf!ences" # eing tr!th!l and #inf!ences" # eing tr!th!l and #

    showing a high consistenc# etweenshowing a high consistenc# etween

    spoken words and actions;spoken words and actions;

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    .. el-,on/denceel-,on/dence

    0eaders need to show sel-con/dence to0eaders need to show sel-con/dence to

    convince others o the correctness o goalsconvince others o the correctness o goals

    and decisions;and decisions; Emplo#ees preer to e inf!enced #Emplo#ees preer to e inf!enced #

    individ!als who are ree o sel-do!t;individ!als who are ree o sel-do!t;

    A s!pervisor who has strong elies isA s!pervisor who has strong elies ismore likel# to inf!ence others than onemore likel# to inf!ence others than one

    who re%!entl# waes on decisions made.who re%!entl# waes on decisions made.

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    2.2. 'ntelligence'ntelligence

    )o s!ccess!ll# inf!ence others" one needs)o s!ccess!ll# inf!ence others" one needs

    to e ale to gather" s#nthesi3e" andto e ale to gather" s#nthesi3e" and

    interpret a lot o inormation;interpret a lot o inormation; He or she m!st also e ale to create aHe or she m!st also e ale to create a

    vision 4a plan5" comm!nicate it in s!ch avision 4a plan5" comm!nicate it in s!ch a

    wa# that others !nderstand it" solvewa# that others !nderstand it" solve

    prolems" and make good decisions;prolems" and make good decisions;

    +an# o these intelligence re%!irements+an# o these intelligence re%!irements

    come rom ed!cation and experience.come rom ed!cation and experience.

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    6.6. 7elevant7elevant

    8nowledge8nowledge

    An eective leader has a high degree oAn eective leader has a high degree o

    relevant knowledge ao!t the departmentrelevant knowledge ao!t the departmentand the !nit9s emplo#ees;and the !nit9s emplo#ees;

    )his in-depth knowledge helps the)his in-depth knowledge helps the

    s!pervisor make well-inormed decisions" ass!pervisor make well-inormed decisions" aswell as !nderstand the implications thosewell as !nderstand the implications those

    decisions have on others in the department.decisions have on others in the department.

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    How Do :o!How Do :o!

    ecome aecome a0eader

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    CO"CE#T$A% "ET&ORI"'

    TECH"ICA%H$MA"

    RE%ATIO"S

    SKILLS NEEDEDSKILLS NEEDED

    BY A LEADERBY A LEADER

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    )* Te"hni"a( S+i((s

    Te#hni#al s/ills a$e the tools, *$o#edu$es and te#hni0ues

    that a$e uni0ue to you$ s*e#iali'ed situation+

    As a su*e$viso$ you need to (aste$ you$ 1ob in you$atte(*t to be vie%ed as a sou$#e of hel*-the e2*e$t+

    Those in the /no%) do influen#e othe$s. If you %ant

    follo%e$s to have #onfiden#e in you$ advi#e and thedi$e#tion you &ive, they3ve &ot to *e$#eive you as a

    te#hni#ally #o(*etent su*e$viso$.

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    ,* Con"epta( S+i((s

    A$e you$ (ental ability to #oo$dinate a va$iety of inte$ests and

    a#tivities+

    Means havin& the ability to thin/ in the abst$a#t, analy'e lots of

    info$(ation, and (a/e #onne#tions bet%een the data+

    "in#e an effe#tive leade$ is so(eone %ho #ould #$eate a vision, he

    o$ she needs to be able to thin/ #$iti#ally and #on#e*tuali'e thin&s

    as ho% they #ould be+

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    Conceptual Skills..

    Al%ays loo/ at the bi& *i#tu$e) and not be bo&&ed do%n

    by the daily &$ind 4 details+

    "ettin& lon&-te$( di$e#tions $e0ui$es one to thin/ aboutthe futu$e.

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    -* Net.or+ing S+i((s

    A$e you$ ability to so#iali'e and inte$a#t %ith outside$s-those not asso#iated %ith you$ unit. As a leade$, you #annot

    do eve$ythin& by you$self. ou need to /no% %he$e to &et

    the thin&s you$ follo%e$s need+

    This (ay (ean fi&htin&) fo$ (o$e $esou$#es o$

    establishin& $elationshi*s outside you$ a$ea that %ill *$ovide

    so(e benefits to you$ follo%e$s+

    Net%o$/in&, if you3$e (a/in& the

    #onne#tion, (eans havin& &ood

    *oliti#al s/ills.

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    /* H0an Re(ations S+i((s

    Fo#us on you$ ability to %o$/ %ith, unde$stand and(otivate those a$ound you+

    !e0ui$es effe#tive #o((uni#ation of a leade$3s vision to

    one3s e(*loyees and those outside one3s unit. It alsoentails listenin& to %hat they have to say+

    A &ood leade$ is not a /no%-it-all, but $athe$ so(eone

    %ho f$eely a##e*ts and en#ou$a&es involve(ent f$o( hiso$ he$ follo%e$s

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    Human Relations Skills

    A$e the *eo*le s/ills) in effe#tive su*e$vision+

    Involves #oa#hin&, fa#ilitatin&, and su**o$tin& othe$sa$ound you+

    It is unde$standin& oneself and bein& #onfident in

    one3s abilities+ onesty in dealin& %ith othe$s and thevalues one lives by+

    It3s one3s #onfiden#e in /no%in& that by hel*in& othe$ssu##eed-and lettin& the( &et the #$edit-is doin& the

    $i&ht thin& fo$ the(, the o$&ani'ation and oneself+

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    Human Relations Skills

    If one fails as a leade$, it %ill be (ost li/ely

    not be#ause of his5he$ la#/ of te#hni#al s/ills

    $athe$ it3s be#ause his5he$ follo%e$s as %ellas othe$s, have lost $es*e#t fo$ hi(5he$

    be#ause of his5he$ la#/ of hu(an $elations

    s/ills.

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    LEADERSHIPLEADERSHIP

    !EHAVIORS!EHAVIORS

    AND STYLESAND STYLES

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    PARTICIPATIVE

    CO"S$%TATIVE DEMOCRATIC

    AUTOCRATIC FREE REIN

    %eader(Su)ervisor

    in Total Control

    Employees in Control

    of Those Things That

    Affet Them

    S$#ERVISOR* %EADERSHI# +EHAVIORSS$#ERVISOR* %EADERSHI# +EHAVIORS

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    A*A* Tas+1Centered !eha$iorTas+1Centered !eha$ior

    A tas/-#ente$ed leade$ has a st$on& tenden#y toe(*hasi'e the te#hni#al as*e#ts of the 1ob. is(a1o$ #on#e$n is to ensu$e that e(*loyees /no%*$e#isely %hat is e2*e#ted of the( and to *$ovidethe ne#essa$y &uidan#e fo$ &oals to be (et+

    E(*loyees, as vie%ed by this leade$, a$e a (eansto an end. In o$de$ to a#hieve &oals, e(*loyeeshave to do thei$ 1obs+

    6oes not lead in the #lassi# sense but si(*lyensu$es #o(*lian#e %ith stated $ules, $e&ulationsand *$odu#tion &oals.

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    )ask-,entered ehavior

    In (otivational te$(s, a *$odu#tion o$iented leade$f$e0uently e2hibits a Theo$y 7 o$ientation o$ anautocratic/authoritarian leadership st#le;

    An auto#$ati# leade$ #an best be des#$ibed as ataskmaster.taskmaster.e leaves no doubt as to %ho3s in#ha$&e and %ho has the autho$ity and the *o%e$ inthe &$ou*. e (a/es de#isions affe#tin& the &$ou*and tells othe$s %hat to do+

    Failu$e to obey o$de$s o$ &iven (andates usually$esults in ne&ative $einfo$#e(ent at the hands of anautho$ita$ian leade$

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    . =eople-,entered ehavior

    A *eo*le-#ente$ed leade$ e(*hasi'es

    inte$*e$sonal $elations %ith those he o$ she leads+

    Ta/es a *e$sonal inte$est in the needs of his o$he$ e(*loyees and is #on#e$ned about thei$

    %elfa$e+

    Inte$a#tions bet%een this leade$ and his o$ he$

    e(*loyees a$e #ha$a#te$i'ed as t$ustin&, f$iendlyand su**o$tive+

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    =eople-,entered ehavior>

    A *eo*le-#ente$ed leade$ is ve$y sensitive

    to the #on#e$ns and feelin&s of e(*loyees+

    F$o( a (otivational *oint of vie%, *eo*le-#ente$ed leade$s e2hibit Theo$y

    o$ientation. As a $esult this ty*e of

    individuals often e2hibit a *a$ti#i*ative 8o$

    de(o#$ati#9 leade$shi* style.

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    =eople-,entered ehavior>.

    In a *a$ti#i*ative leade$shi* style, the leade$a#tively see/s in*ut f$o(

    follo%e$s fo$ (any of the a#tivities of theo$&ani'ation+

    Enti$e &$ou* *a$ti#i*ates in establishin& *lans,solvin& *$oble(s, and (a/in& de#isions %hi#h a$enot done solely by the su*e$viso$+

    The only 0uestion %hi#h $e(ains is %ho has thefinal say. :a$ti#i*ative Leade$shi* #an be vie%ed int%o *e$s*e#tives;

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    =eople-,entered ehavior>

    ,ons!ltative-=articipative leadership;the leade$ see/s in*ut and hea$s the issues

    and #on#e$ns of follo%e$s but (a/es the

    final de#ision hi(5he$self+ Democratic-=articipative leadership;

    the leade$ (ay allo% the follo%e$s to have a

    say in %hat3s de#ided. The &$ou* isinvolved in de#ision-(a/in&.

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    =eople-,entered ehavior>.

    $ree 7ein or 0aisse3-$aire -Leade$ &ives e(*loyeestotal autono(y to (a/e the de#isions that %ill affe#tthe(+

    Afte$ the leade$ establishes ove$all ob1e#tives and

    &ene$al &uidelines, e(*loyees a$e f$ee to establishthei$ o%n *lans fo$ a#hievin& thei$ &oals+

    This is not (eant to i(*ly that the$e is a la#/ of

    leade$shi*, $athe$, it si(*ly (eans that

    the leade$ is $e(oved f$o( the day-to-daya#tivities of the e(*loyees- but is al%ays

    available to deal %ith the e2#e*tions.

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    EFFECT!ELE"#E$%&'

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    it!ational 0eadership

    A (odel of leade$shi* *$o*osed by :aule$sey and

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    Situational Leadership

    !eadiness $efle#ts ho% able and %illin& an

    e(*loyee is to do the 1ob.

    =iven an e(*loyee3s ability and %illin&ness

    to do a s*e#ifi# 1ob, a situational leade$ %ill

    use one of fou$ leade$shi* styles- tellin&,sellin&, *a$ti#i*atin&, o$ dele&atin&.

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    Four Stages of Follower

    Readiness !>; An e(*loyee is both unable and un%illin& to

    do a 1ob.

    !?; An e(*loyee is unable to do the 1ob, but%ilin& to *e$fo$( the ne#essa$y tas/s.

    !@; An e(*loyee is able to do the 1ob, but

    un%illin& to be told by a leade$ %hat to do.

    !; An e(*loyee is both able and %illin& to do

    the 1ob.

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    ARE YOU A !OSS OR A LEADER%

    ?A oss creates $EA7A leader creates ,(@$'DE@,E? ossismB reeds 7EE@)+E@) 0eadership reeds ,(@E@)

    ? A oss sa#s 'B A leader sa#s CEB? A oss /xes 0A+E

    A leader /xes +')A8E?A oss 8@(C how

    A leader H(C how? ossismB makes work D7DE7:

    0eadership makes work '@)E7E)'@? A oss relies on A)H(7'):

    A leader relies on ,((=E7A)'(@? A oss D7'FE A leader 0EAD.

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