KINGDOM PLANTAE

Unit 2 - Biodiversity

Kingdom Characteristics

Multicellular Eukaryotic Cell walls made of cellulose. Autotrophic (photosynthesis)

They can make their own food using sunlight, carbon dioxide and water.

Plant Groups

Mosses Ferns Gymnosperms (cone bearing plants) Angiosperms (flowering plants) These 4 groups fall into one of 2 major

categories Vascular Non-Vascular

Vascular Plants carries H2O a long

distance plants have roots, leaves,

stems 90% of plants are

vascular Roots grow continuously,

absorb water and minerals.

Water exits plants through pores in leaves - stomata

Exs. Ferns Gymnosperms Angiosperms

Non-Vascular Plants - Mosses

plants lack vascular tissue.

no true roots, leaves, or stems.

Do have Rhizoids, long thin strands of cells that help hold plant to soil.

Non-Vascular Plants

Mosses

Moss

Do NOT have vascular tissue

Depend on water for reproduction

Draw water by osmosis.

Grow only a few cm from the ground.

First land plants.

First Vascular Plants

Ferns

Ferns

Have vascular tissue – xylem and phloem

Produce spores to reproduce

Depend on water for reproduction

Leaves are called fronds A fiddlehead is a

tightly coiled new leaf Underground stem

called a rhizome

Cone Bearing Plants

Gymnosperms

Gymnosperms

Reproduce with seeds that are exposed

Reproductive structures are cones

Large woody cone is female

Smaller fleshy cone is male

Pollination usually occurs by wind Pollen grains

(sperm) have wing-like projections Femal

eMale

Flowering Plants

Angiosperms

Types of Angiosperms

Named on the number of seed leaves or cotyledons. Monocot

1 seed leaf Dicot

2 seed leaf

Monocots

Monocots

1 seed leaf Flowering parts in

multiples of 3. Parallel veins Vascular bundles

scattered Ex. Corn and Lily Fibrous Root

Dicots

Dicots

2 seed leaves Flowering parts in

multiples of 4 or 5 Branched veins vascular bundles

in a ring Tap Root Ex. Bean, Rose,

and Maple

Monocots vs. Dicots

FLOWER PARTS (K. PLANTAE)

Unit 2 - Biodiversity

Angiosperms

Have unique reproductive organs called flowers.

Flowers contain ovaries, which surround and protect the seeds once fertilized it becomes a fruit.

The seed is enclosed. Ovary develops into a fruit, which protects

the seed and helps on dispersal. Contains both male and female parts

Flower Parts

The female part is called the pistil.

The male part is called the stamen.

Stamen

The male reproductive structure of a flowering plant.

Consists of two parts anther

Contains pollen Filament

Parts of the Stamen

Anther the structure

located on top of the stamen and produces the pollen.

Parts of the Stamen

Pollen Pollen is the

male sex cell that donates half of the DNA to make a seed.

It is a powdery substance, usually orange or yellow in color, that gets carried by pollinators.

Parts of the Stamen

Filament a thread-like

part that holds up the anther

Pistil/Carpel

the female reproductive structure of a flowering plant

Parts of the Pistil/Carpel

The innermost flower part

Produces female gametes (ovule)

Consists of three parts Stigma Style Ovary

Parts of the Pistil/Carpel

Stigma the sticky

surface on the top of the pistil; it traps and holds the pollen.

Parts of the Pistil/Carpel

Style the tube-like

structure that holds up the stigma

Parts of the Pistil/Carpel

Ovary the plant part at

the bottom of the flower that has ovules inside this turns into the fruit and seeds we eat.

Parts of the Pistil/Carpel

Ovules the female sex cells

inside the ovary that donate half the DNA to become the seed. (They become the seeds when pollinated or fertilized by the pollen.)

Other Flower Parts

Petal the colorful

flower parts that surround the reproductive structures.

Function is to attract pollinators

Other Flower Parts

Sepal the green petal-

like parts at the base of the flower; they help protect the bud when it develops

Perfect Flowers

Perfect flowers that

have both male and female parts (ex. Roses, lilies, and pea plants)

Imperfect Flowers

Imperfect: flowers with

male or female parts (ex- cucumbers, pumpkins, and melons

Pollinators

A pollinator is something that moves pollen from the male parts to the female parts.