JUDAISM World History IOctober, 2015Ms. Costas & Ms. Marino

ESSENTIAL QUESTIONSoWhat are the major events in the history of the early Hebrews?oHow did the Kingdom of Israel develop, and who were some of its key leaders?oWhat are the basic teachings and sacred texts of Judaism?

DO NOWoWhat does the term “world religion” mean?oWhat makes something a world religion?

ALL WORLD RELIGIONS HAVE…oBasic ethical principles to guide human actions

oA sacred text to teach moral values, often through stories or parables

oOffer a universal message that appeals to people in different places with diverse cultural backgrounds

oUniversal religions offer hope for a better life

oAccess to a higher truthThey are “portable”• They can be practiced anywhere• They spread to other parts of the world

RELIGIONSoSo far we have learned about Hinduism, Buddhism, ConfucianismoWhat do you remember about them?

oTake this time to fill out the chart for those three religions

JUDAISMoOrigins: Middle East•Christianity and Islam too

oBelieved to be one of the first monotheistic religionsoSacred text: Torah•The Torah & other writings make up the Hebrew Bible•The Hebrew Bible is the Old Testament in the Christian Bible

ABRAHAMoAbraham, his son Isaac, and grandson Jacob are known as the patriarchs or ancestral fathersoJacob had 12 sons = 12 tribes of Israel

MOSESoMoses lived around 1300 BCE in EgyptoHe was an Israelite but was raised in the Pharaoh’s palace•Pharaoh = Egyptian ruler

oThe Pharaoh discriminated against the IsraelitesoGod spoke to Moses & told him to lead his people out of Egypt

EXODUSoMoses asked the Pharaoh’s to let his people gooHe said nooGod sent plagues (10)•Blood, frogs, lice, fleas, sick animals, boils, hail, locusts, darkness, death of firstborn•At this point, Pharaoh agrees

oGod shows Moses the 10 Commandments, agrees to live by themoMoses & his people wander desert for 40 years & settle in Canaan

KINGDOM OF ISRAELoSaul, David, and Solomon = three kings rule over Kingdom of Israel

oAfter Solomon’s death, the 12 tribes split into two•10 in north = Israel•2 in south = Kingdom of Judah, Jews

oBoth are conquered by other kingdoms

oDiaspora = Jews are scattered throughout the world, beyond Judah