Proceedings of the 12th International

Conference on Thermoelectrics

1993 November 9-11 Yokohama • Japan

Edited by K. Matsuura

Sponsored byInstitute of Electrical Engineers of Japan

Co-sponsored byInternational Thermoelectric Society

Subsidized byIketani Science & Technology Foundation

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

SESSION I: Basic Aspects of Thermoelectrics (1)Chairmen: C.B.Vining, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, USA

K.Matsubara, Yarnaguchi University, Japan

Papers Tide and Author(s) Pages

LI Evaluation of the Improvement in the Figure of Merit

of Bi2Te3-Based Alloys with Addition of Ultrafine Scattering Centers 1

J.-P.FleurialJet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, USA

1.2 Tunneling Spectroscopy Study on Thermoelectric Materials 7

J.Nagao\ H.Unuma1, F.Kiya2, E.Hatta3, KMukasa3 and Y.Ogawa31. Hokkaido National Industrial Research Institute, Japan2. Thermovonics Co.,Ltd., Japan3. Hokkaido University, Japan

13 Thermal Conductivity Reduction in p-Type Si^Ge^ Alloysdue to Ultrafine Insulating Particulates 11

J.W.Vandersande1, J-P.Fleurial1, N.Scoville2 and J.L.Rolfe2L Jet Propulsion Laboratory/ California Institute of Technology,USA2. Thermo Trex Corporation, USA

1.4 Thermoelectric and Transport Properties of Complex Copper Oxides

with K2NiF4 Structure 15

S.LSuck1, D.S.Park1 and SJ.Park21. Korea Research Institute of Chemical echnology, Korea,2. Seoul National University, Korea

POSTER SESSION A: Basic Aspects ofThermoelectrics (2)Chairmen: M.Abe, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan

KMasui, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Japan15 Optical Characterization of n -Type Bi2(SeTe)3 Single Crystals

for Thermoelectric Cooling 20

M-Wakaki1 and I.A.Nishida2

1. Tokai University, Japan2. National Research Institute for Metals, Japan

1.6 AC Calorlmetric Study of Specific Heat and Thermal Diffusivltyin BIMSb1i8Te, 24

KJFukuda1, AOnodera2 and H.Haga2J. Kbmatsu Ltd, Japan2. Hokkaido University, Japan

1.7 Point Defects in Plasma-Processed 13 -Iron Disillcide Ceramics 29T.Miki\ Y.Matsui\ ICMatsuW, K.Kishimoto\ K.Nagao2 and I.Fujii*1. Yarnaguchi University, Japan2. Ube Industries, Ltd., Japan

1.8 The Effect of Surrounding Gas on Thermoelectric Properties of £ -FeSi2.. 34

H-Gyoten, S.Nakasuji and Y.NakagkiMatsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd., Japan

1.9 SuperLattlce Applications to Thermoelectricity 39

L.W.WhitIow and T.HiranoDaikin Industries, Japan

I

1.10 Rapid and Continuous Measurement of Power Factor

of Thermoelectric Material at Temperature up to 1300K 44

T.Kajikawa1,1.Katsube1, Y.Takada2, K.Kuwabara2, M.Inobe3and T.Ohta4

1. Shonan Institute of Technology, Japan2. Rigaku Corporation, Japan3. Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd., Japan4. Electrotechnical Lab., Japan

POSTER SESSION B : Basic Aspects of Thermoelectrics (3)Chairmen: M.Hayashibara, Hitachi Ltd., Japan

RArashi, Tohoku University, Japan1.11 Investigation of Macrosegregation of Tellurium

in Normalfreezed BiSbTe3 -Crystals 49

P.Reinshaus, RSuBmann and U.LampeMartin-Luther-University, Germany

1.12 The Thermoelectric Efficiency of Dispersed Porous Oxides

of Alkaline-Earth Metals 54

E.M.Sher, AF.Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute RAS, Russia

POSTER SESSION C : Basic Aspects of Thermoelectrics (4)Chairmen : T.Ohta, Electrichnical Laboratory, Japan

Y.Hirata, Kagoshima University, Japan1.13 Investigation of Thermal Conductivity

in Thermoelectric Materials during Irradiation 60

N.D.Marchuk and N.N.KolychevInstitute for Nuclear Research, Ukraine

1.14 Investigation and Elaboration of New Perspective Thermoelectric

Materials Based on Intermetallic Systems M'MHX 63

N.D.Marchuk1, R.V.Skolozdra2 and Y.V.Stadnik2

1. Institute for Nuclear Research, Ukraine

2. Lwiw University, Ukraine

1.15 Defect Clusters Influence on Redistribution of Doping Impuritiesin n- and p- Si07GeM under Reactor Irradiation 66

N.D.Marchuk and AP.DolgolenkoInstitute for Nuclear Research, Ukraine

1.16 Carrier Enhancement Mechanism in n-Type SiGe-GaP Alloys 69

D.M.Rowe, G.Min and Y.AChen

University of Wales College of Cardiff, UK

1.17 The Using of Neutron Thermopile for Operative Measuringof Thermal Neutron Fluense 74

N.D.Marchuk, M.N.Korotenko, V.I.Nallvaev and I.M.Simonov

Institutefor Nuclear Research, Ukraine

1.18 Radiation Defect Study in the p-Type Copper Selenide 76

N.D.Marchuk, M.V.Basov and A.P.DolgolenkoInstitute for Nuclear Research, Ukraine

1.19 The Investigation of Laser Irradiation Influence

on Thermoelectric Materials 82

N.D.Marchuk, P.V.Vodolazskij, V.V.Gonchar,

B.R.Kiyak and P.E.Parchomtchuk

Institute for Nuclear Research, Ukraine

1.20 Scanning Thermo-Probe Technique - a Method for Determination

of Concentration Profiles 86

H.SuBmann, M.Bohm and P.Reinshaus

Martin-Luther University, Germany

JJ

SESSION II: Thermoelectric Materials (1)Chairmen : H.Scherrer, Ecole des Mines, Nancy, France

I.Shiota, Kogakuin University, Japann.l An Overview of the Thermoelectric Properties of the Ternary (BI.Sb.Te)

and (Bi.Te.Se) Systems (Invited Paper) 90

H.Scherrer and S.Scherrer

Ecole des Mines, France

IL2 Thermoelectric and Semiconducting Properties of (Bi^Sb^J^ Solid

Solutions Grown by Zone Melting 97

A-LAnukhin1, S.Y.Skipidarov2 and O.B.Sokolov1

1. Telvis Co., Ltd., Russia

2. Nord Co., Russia

H.3 Effects of Processing Parameters on Thermoelectric Propertiesof p-Type Bi2Te3-SbaTe3Solid Solution 105

H.P.Ha, D.B.Hyun, Y.W.Cho, J.Y.Byun and J.D.Shim

Korea Institute ofScience and Technology, Korea

n.4 Thermoelectric Properties of n-Type Bi2TeZ85Se015 Preparedby Pressing and Sintering 110

KNakamura1, K-Morikawa1, H.Owada1, K-Miura1, K-Ogawa1and I.A.Nishida21. Onoda Cement Co.,Ltd., Japan2. National Research Institute for Metals, Japan

U.5 Properties of Bi2Te3-based Thermoelectrics Fabricated

with Porous Matrix 115

K.~W.Jang and D.-H.Lee

Yonsei University, Korean.6 Thermoelectric Properties of (Bi026Sb0r6)2Tej with Ceramic Addition 121

I.Ohnaka, H.Yasuda, I.Yamauchi, T.Ohmichi, H.Hagino,

K.Hagino and R.KoikeOsaka University, Japan

SESSION II: Thermoelectric Materials (2)Chairmen : J.-P.Fleurial, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, USA

T.Kimura, University ofElectro-Communications, Japann.7 Thermoelectric Materials of the Future (Invited Paper) 126

C.B.ViningJet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, USA

n.8 Novel Transition Metal Compoundswith Promising Thermoelectric Properties 132

T.Caillat, A.Borshchevsky and J.-P.Fleurial

Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, USA

H.9 Optimization of Hot-Pressed n-Type SiGe/GaP and p-Type SiGe/B

Thermoelectric Materials 137

J.-P.Fleurial1, J.Vandersande1, N.Scoville2, C.Bajgar2 and J.Rolfe2

J. Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, USA

2. Thermo Trex Corporation, USA

11.10 Preparation and Thermoelectric Properties of MggSi^Ge,, 142

Y.Noda1, T.Sugawa1, I.A.Nishida2 and K.Masumoto31. Tohoku University, Japan2. National Research Institute for Metals, Japan3. Ishinomaki Senshu University, Japan

n.ll Thermoelectric Properties of Porous SiC Ceramics Fabricated

by Various Methods 145

CH.Pai1, S.Takeda2, H.Yanagida2, W.S.Seo3 and K.Koumoto3

1. Korea Academy of Industrial Technology, Korea

2. The University of Tokyo, Japan3. Nagoya University, Japan

M

JJ.12 Semiconducting and Thermoelectric Propertiesof Iron Disilicides Doped with Aluminum 151

LShiota1, Ylsoda2, Y.Shinohara2, Y.Imai2and LA.Nishida21. Kogakuin University, Japan2. National Research Institute for Metals, Japan

POSTER SESSION B : Thermoelectric Materials (3)Chairmen : M.Hayashibara, Hitachi Ltd., Japan

RArashi, Tohoku University, JapanU.13 Structure and Thermoelectric Properties

of the Intermetallic Compounds of (Bi,Sb)a(Te,Se)3 Alloys 155

K.Masui, Y.Kanamitu, S.Hotta and K.NakayoshiNagoya Inst, of Tech., Japan

n.14 Thermoelectric Properties of Bi2TerSb2Te3 Low Temperature Materials

with Hole Conductivity 161

AA.Aivazov1 and AXAnukhin2

1. Moscow Institute ofElectronic Engineering, Terif, Ltd., Russia

2. Telwis Co., Ltd., Russia

IJ.15 Thermoelectric Cooling Properties of the n-Shaped ThermocouplesConsisting of the Sintered Bi2Te3 and Sb2Te3 Based Compounds 165

HT.Kaibe1, M.Sakata2 and I.AJSfishida31. Tokyo Metropolitan University, Japan2. Kyourin University, Japan3. National Research Institute for Metals, Japan

11.16 Use of Bi-2223 Superconducting Tapes Sheathed

with Ag-Au Alloys for a Passive Thermoelement 169

H-Fujishiro, K.Kusaka, M.Ikebe and K.Noto

Iwate University, JapanJJ.17 Thermoelectric Conversion Efficiency of Porous SiC Improved

by Mlcrostructure Regulation 175

W.S.Seo\ K.Watari2 and K-Koumoto1

1. Nagoya University, Japan2. Government ndustrial Research Institute ofNagoya, Japan

11.18 Effect of Thermal Annealing on the Carrier Concentration

of n-Type Silicon-Germanium-Gallium Phosphide 181

S.G.K.Williams\ D.M.Rowe1 and G.Min2

1. University of Wales College of Cardiff, UK2. Kunming Institute ofPhysics, China

U.19 Thermoelectric Property of B4C Doped SIC 184

Y.Okamoto1, AAruga1, K.Shioi2, J.Morimoto1,T.Miyakawa1 and S.Fujimoto11. Nat. Def. Aca., Japan2. Showa Denko Shiojiri Res. Lab., Japan

U.20 Thermoelectric Properties of Iron Disilicides Prepared

by Metal Compounds Addition 188

M.Hayashibara and M.Oda

Hitachi, Ltd., JapanJJ.21 Semiconducting Properties and Thermal Shock Resistance

of Boron Doped Iron Disilicide 192

Y.Isoda, M.A.Okamoto, T.Ohkoshi and I.A.NishidaNational Research Institute for Metals, Japan

n.22 Thermoelectric Properties of Mn-and Al-doped FeSi2 197

S.Tokita1, T-Amano1, M.Okabayashi1 and I.A.Nishida2

1. IMRA MaterialR&D Co., Ltd., Japan2. National Research Institute for Metals, Japan

W

H.23 Anisotropic Thermoelectric Power of CrSi2 Single Crystal 201

IJ.Ohsugi1, T.Kojima1, M.Sakata2 and I.A.Nishida3

1. Salesian Polytechnic, Japan2. Kyorin University, Japan3. National Research Institute for Metals, Japan

n.24 Preparation and Thermoelectric Properties of MggSn^Ge,, 206

Y.Noda1, H.Kon1, Y.Furukawa1,1.A.Nishida2 and K.Masumoto3

1. Tohoku University, Japan2. National Research Institute for Metals, Japan3. Ishinomaki Senshu University, Japan

n.25 Thermoelectric Properties and Applicability of ln2Oa-based Mixed Metal

Oxides for Thermoelectric Conversion at High Temperature 212

M.Ohtaki, D.Ogura, K.Eguchi and HArai

Kyushu University, Japan

n.26 Synthesis and Electrical Properties of ft + ft "-Alumina Ceramics

by Reaction Sintering 218

Y.Hirata and H.ShinyaKagoshima University, Japan

SESSION m : Novel Processing Techniques (1)Chairmen : A.LAnukhin, Telvis Co. Ltd., Russia

M.Hasaka, Nagasaki University, Japanin.l Iron Disilicides: The Possibility of Improving Thermoelectric Figure

of Merit Values by RF-Plasma Processing (Invited Paper)

K.Matsubara1, K-Kishimoto1, K.Nagao2, O.Ueda1, T.Miki1,

T.Koyanagi1 and I.Fujii21. Yarnaguchi University, Japan2. Ube Industries,Ltd., Japan

Ht.2 Growth of Pseudoternary Compound Tellurides Solid Solution Alloys

by Vertical Zone-Melting Method

J.Y.Rong, Y.CZhang, X.P.Zhao, J.LLi, X.C.Dong and HA.Zhao

Harbin Normal University, China

m.3 Properties of Semiconducting Ru2Ge3J.-P.Fleurial and A.BorshchevskyJet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute ofTechnology, USA

m.4 Effects of Spin-Casting on Thermoelectric Propertiesof Iron-Silicide Ribbons Doped with Platinum

M.Hasaka, T.Morimura, T.Harano, RNakashima and S.Kondo

Nagasaki University, Japan

POSTER SESSION C ; Novel Processing Techniques (2)Chairmen : T.Ohta, Electrotechnical Laboratory, Japan

Y.Hirata, Kagoshima University, Japanm.5 Structure and Thermoelectric Properties of BlwSb12 Ceramics

Using Fine Particles Produced by Hydrogen Arc-Plasma 248

Y.Suse1, Y.H.Lee2, H.Morimoto2, T.Koyanagi2,K.Matsubara2 and A.Kawamoto11. Toshiba Corporation, Japan2. Yarnaguchi Unversity, Japan

m.6 Spark Plasma Sintering of PbTe as Thermoelectric Material 252

KTsuno1, M.Sakai1, H.Watanabe1 and M.Shinmei21. Thermovonics Co.,Ltd., Japan2. Mie University, Japan

m.7 Production of Ultra-Fine Particles and Synthesis of j3 -Al203by Using the Plasma Jet under Low Pressure 256

O.Fukumasa, S.Sakiyama, Y.Sakurai and K.Aoki

Yarnaguchi University, Japan

V

223

231

236

242

m.8 Preparation of U-shaped Si-Ge Thermoelectric Elements

by Spark Plasma Sintering 262

T.Mochimaru1, KTakahashi \ T.Masuda1, T.Ikeno1, Y.Higashiguchi1,T.Noguchi1 and I.A.Nishida21. Vacuum Metallurgical Co., Ltd., Japan2. National Research Institute for Metals, Japan

m.9 Basic Thermoelectric Properties for New Graphite-Like Materialsof Composition BCXN (x=1,3) Preparedby Chemical Vapour Deposition (CVD) Method 268

M.Kawaguchi and T.KawashimaCentral Glass Co., Ltd., Japan

m.10 Fabricating Thermoelectric Semiconductor Compactsby Plasma Activated Sintering 272

M.Miyajima, KFujii and T.Hirano

Daikin Industries, JapanJH.11 Characteristics of Bi2Te3 Compound Produced by Rapid Solidification

..277

A.Yanagitani1, S.Nishikawa1, Y.Tanaka1, Y.Kawai2, S.Hayashimoto2N.Itoh2andT.Kitaoka31. Sanyo Special Steel Co.,Ltd., Japan2. CKD Corporation, Japan 3Chubu Electric Power Co., Inc., Japan

EDE.12 High Perform Thermoelectric Properties of (Bi2Te3),(Sb2Te3) Systemwith PIES Powder by HIP Treatment 281

T.Tokiai, T.Uesugi and Y.YoneyamaIdemitsu Materials Co., Ltd., Japan

m.13 Synthesis of PbTe(n) by Powder Metallurgical Method

Using Capsule Free HIP 286

S.Sugihara1, M.Iizuka1 and KTsuno2

1. Shonan Institute of Technology, Japan2. Thermovonics Co., Ltd., Japan

m.14 Structure and Thermo-electric Properties of FeSi2 Alloys Produced

by Various Processes 289

I.Yamauchi, I.Ohnaka and S.UeyamaOsaka University, Japan

B3.15 Production of Thermoelectric Elements

Using Ceramic Manufacturing Processes 295

H.Iizuka, T.Yamazaki and M.KomabayashiMitsubishi Materials Co., Ltd., Japan

UI.16 Synthesis and Thermoelectric Properties of ft -Fe1.xRu)<Si2 299

H.Takizawa, P.F.Mo, T.Endo and M.Shimada

Tohoku University, JapanDI.17 Progress In Thermoelectric Properties of Undoped Ruthenium

Sesqulsilicide by HIP Method 303

T.Ohta1, AYamamoto1, T.Tanaka1, Y.Sawade2,KKamisako2 and T.Horigome21. Electrotechnical Laboratory, Japan2. Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Japan

in.18 Mechanical Alloying of Thermoelectric Materials 307

KHasezaki, M.Nishimura, M.Umata, H.Tsukuda and MAraoka

Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd., Japanm.19 Thermoelectric Properties of FeSi2 Compound Prepared

by Mechanical Alloying 311

S.Shiga1, KFujimoto2 and M.Umemoto2

1. Niihama National College of Technology, Japan2. Toyohashi University of Technology, Japan

m.20 Thermoelectric Properties and Microstructures of Fe^M^St, Ribbons .. 316

M.Hasaka, T.Harano, T.Morimura and S.Kondo

Nagasaki University, JapanVI

SESSION IV : Thin Film Thermoelectrics (1)Chairmen : D.M.Rowe, University of Wales College of Cardiff, UK

I.Yoshida, Iwaki Meisei University, JapanIV.l Monolithically Interconnected, Superlattice-Structured

Thermoelements (MISST) in Bi2Te3,Sb2Te3, and Bi2Se3 Materials

for High-Performance Thermoelectric Cooling Devices

R.Venkatasubramanian, M.LTimmons and J.A.HutchbyResearch Triangle Institute, USA

IV.2 Preparation and Properties of (Bi,Sb)2(Te,Se)3Thin Film Thermoelectric Modules

Il.-H.Kim and D.-H.Lee

Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea

IV3 Thermoelectric Properties of Multilayer Films of Semimetals

I.Yoshida1, S.Tanuma1, T.Irie1 and J.Takahashi21. Iwaki Meisei University, Japan2. Nikko Kyodo Co., Ltd., Japan

IV.4 Thermoelectric Properties of ZnSb Films Preparedby lonized-Cluster Beam TechniqueT.Koyanagi, K.Matsubara, KAdachi and K.Kishimoto

Yarnaguchi University, JapanIV.5 Thermoelectric Film with Composite Structure of ft -FeSi2 and Si..

TAmano1, S.Tokita1, M.Okabayashi1 and I.ANishida21. IMRA Material R&D Co., Ltd., Japan2. National Research Institutefor Metals, Japan

IV.6 Thermopower and Conductivity in Nanodispersed Cr-Si Thin Films

AHeinrich, C.Gladun, J.Schumann and W.Pitschke

Institutfur Festkdrper-und Werkstofforschung Dresden e. V„ Germany

POSTER SESSION B : Thin Film Thermoelectrics (2)Chairmen : M.Hayashibara, Hitachi Ltd., Japan

H.Arashi, Tohoku University, JapanIV.7 Thermoelectric Properties and Structure of Bi2Te3-Based Thin Films 355

T.Tanaka1, M.Sakai1, F.Kiya1, Y.Ogawa2, KMukasa2,N.Sasa2 and J.Nagao31. Thermovonics Co., Ltd., Japan2. Hokkaido University, Japan3. Hokkaido National IndustrialResearch Institute, Japan

IV.8 Seebeck Coefficient and Contact-Conductance of PbTe-Metal Junctions.358

J.Nagao1, H.Unuma1, FJKiya2, T.Tanaka2, N.Sasa3,JLMukasa3 andY.Ogawa31. Hokkaido National Industrial Research Institute, Japan2. Thermovonics Co., Ltd., Japan3. Hokkaido University, Japan

IV.9 Ultrafine Particle Beam Deposition for Thermoelectric Thick Film 362

H.Osada and Y.Kizaki

Toyota Central Res. & Develop. Labs., JapanIV.10 Thermoelectric Properties of CVD a-Si-B-P Compounds 367

S.Yugo and T.Kimura

University of Electro-Communications, JapanIV.ll Thermoelectric Properties of Mn1.xCrxTe(0<X<0.3)Thin Films 372

M.Yokonuma, Y.Kusada, E.Nakano, M.Wakatsuki,T.Koyanagi and KMatsubara

Yarnaguchi University, JapanIV.12 Thermoelectric Properties of Boron and Boron Phosphide Films (II) 378

Y.Kumashiro', T.Yokoyama1, J.Nakamura^TAsano1 and J.Takahashi21. Yokohama National University, Japan2. Sumitomo Metal Mining Corporation, Japan

VD

322

328

334

340

346

350

IV.13 Thermoelectric Devices of Multilayered Films andof Radially Configurated Films 384

S.Tanuma, LYoshida, H.Takeuchi and T.IrieIwaki Meisei University, Japan

SESSION V : Thermoelectric Heat Pumps (Solid State Coolers) (1)Chairmen : Ed.Burke, Marlow Industries, Dallas, USA

Y.W.Cho, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Korea

V.1 Future Prospects in Thermoelectric Cooling Systems (Invited Paper) 389

J.G.Stockholm, Marvel S.A., France

V2 Heat Transfer Analysis and Optimizationof Thermoelectric Cooling Systems 395

K.Chen\ S.Gwilliam2 and B.Entezam21. University of Utah, USA

2. Jetway Systems, USAV3 Simple & Quick Characterization of Thermoelectric Modules 404

RP.Ha, Y.W.Cho, J.Y.Byun and J.D.Shim

Korea Institute ofScience and Technology, Korea

V.4 Performance of Thermoelectric Air-To-Air Cooler -Impactof Heat Exchanger Characteristics 407

Y.N.Lee, Heat Transfer Research & Development, Ltd., USA

\5 The Optimal Control Theory for Thermoelectric Coolers Design 412

LI.Anatychuk, L.N.Vikhor and G.A.Ivanov

Institute of Tfiermoelectricity, Ukraine

POSTER SESSION A : Thermoelectric Heat Pumps (Solid State Coolers) (2)Chairmen : MAbe, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan

KMasui, Nagoya Institute of Technology, JapanV.6 Computer-Based Analysis of the Thermoelectric Cooling Device 417

F.Kiya1 M.Sakai1, T.Tanaka1, Y.Ogawa2, KMukasa2,N.Sasa2and LNagao31. Thermovonics Co., Ltd., Japan2. Hokkaido University, Japan3. Hokkaido National Industrial Research Institute, Japan

V.7 The Graph of Constant COP Curves 421

S.Torisaki, Meikoh Technical Research Corp.,JapanV.8 Investigation of Maximal Possibility of Thermoelectric Cooling

at Liquid Nitrogen Temperature 424

V.L-Kuznetsov1, M.V.Vedernikov1, PJandl2 and U.Birkholz21. A.F.Ioffe Physical- Technical Institute, Russia2. University of Karlsruhe, Germany

SESSION VI: Thermoelectric Generators (1)Chairmen : M.Mathiprakasam, Midwest Reserach Institute, USA

REchigo, Tokyo Institute of Technology, JapanVI.l Low Powered Thermoelectric Generators and Devices (Invited Paper) ..

429

D.M.Rowe, University of Wales College of Cardiff, UK

VI.2 Large Scale Thermoelectric Generation

of Low-Grade Heat, the Future (Invited Paper) 439

KMatsuura, Osaka University, JapanVI3 Development of Thermoelectric Converter

using Concentrated Solar Radiation as a Heat Source 447

H.Arashi and H.Naito

Tohoku University, Japan

W

POSTER SESSION A : Thermoelectric Generators (2)

Chairmen : MAbe, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan

K.Masui, Nagoya Institute of Technology, JapanVI.4 A Compact Subunit of Thermoelectric Generator

Using New Composite Elements 452

Y.Tanji1, Y.Nakagawa2, T.Kaneko3, RIdo\ M.Kuboki4, M.Kogo1,T.Masumoto3 and R.Sato4

1. Tofdn Corporation, Japan2. Tohoku Institute of Technology, Japan3. Tohoku University, Japan4. Tohoku Gakuin University, Japan

VI.5 Power Generation Test by Si-Ge Thermoelectric Modules 458

T.Mochirnaru1, K.Takahashi], T.Masuda1, T.Dceno1, Y.Higashiguchi1,T.Noguchi1 and I.A.Nishida 2

1. Vacuum Metallurgical Co., Ltd., Japan2. National Research Institute for Metals, Japan

VI.6 Design Optimisation of Thermoelectric Generator

for Utilization of Geothermal Energy 463

D.M.Rowe1, KMatsuura2, KKoumoto2, HTsumura2 and ATsuyoshi31. University of Wales College of Cardiff, UK2. Osaka University, Japan3. Kobe City College of Technology, Japan

VX7 The Development of Thermoelectric Generator for Passenger Car 467

RTakanose and H.TamakoshiShiroki Corporation, Japan

VI.8 An Experimental Evaluation of the Thermoelectric Generator

with Thermosyphon 471

R.Sawano and I.HigashiFuji Electric Corporate Research and Development, Ltd., Japan

VI.9 Preliminary Analysis of a High Performance Thermoelectric GeneratingSystem Used in Conjunction with a Chemical Heat Pump 473

D.M. Rowe1, K.Matsuura2 KKoumoto2, HTsumura2 and ATsuyoshi31. University of Wales College of Cardiff, UK2. Osaka University, Japan3. Kobe City College of Technology, Japan

VI.10 Optimization of a Thermoelectric IR-Detector

for Low Working Temperature 476

R.Fettig, H.-J.Lerchenmuller and E.MtillerUniversitdt Karlsruhe, Germany

VI.11 Thermoelectric Conversion by Thermogalvanlc Cell

with Redox Couples in Aqueous Solution 481

T.Tktshoji,Government Industrial Research Institute, Japan

SESSION VH : Thermoelectric Systems (1)Chairman : J.G.Stockholm, Marvel S.A., France

VII.1 Comparison of Thermoelectric and Direct Expansion Cooling Systems ..485

B.Entezam, S.Gwilliam and S.Tatton

Jetway Systems, USA

vn.2 Conceptual Design of Thermoelectric Power Generation SystemUtilizing Heat of Combustible Solid Waste 491

T.Kajikawa1, M.Ito\ E.Shibuya2 and N.Hirayama31. Shonan Institute of Technology, Japan2. NKK Corporation, Japan3. Chiba Institute of Technology, Japan

JX

VDL3 The Case Study of Thermoelectric Generation SystemUsing the Waste Heat of the Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cells 497

Y.Hori, T.Ito and Y.KuzumaCentral Research Institute ofElectric Power Industry, Japan

vn.4 Thermoelectric Modules Microminiaturization Problems 501

LXAnatychuk, V.I.Litvinov and O.J.Luste

Institute of Tfiermoelectricity, Ukraine

POSTER SESSION A : Thermoelectric Systems (2)Chairmen : M.Abe, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan

KMasui, Nagoya Institute of Technology, JapanVII.5 Proposal for Electronic Air Conditioning Systems

Using Semiconductor Thermo-Electric Conversion 511

R.Sakai, Y.Kobayashi and Y.Ikeda

Kanagawa Institute of Technology, JapanVn.6 Performance Analysis of Thermoelectric Devices 517

A.Koyanagi and M.HayashibaraHitachi, Ltd., Japan

VJI.7 Thermoelectric and Galvanomagnetic Conversion in Fusion Reactor 521

S.Yarnaguchi1, O.Motojima1, A-Sagara1, A.Komori1, Aliyoshi1,T.Matsuda2, M.Onozuka3 and Y.Soman3

1. National Institute for Fusion Science, Japan2. Toyo Tanso Co., Ltd., Japan3. Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd., Japan

VII.8 Projected Research on High-Efficiency HybridDirect Energy Conversion System 527M.Niino and LXhen

NationalAerospace Laboratory, JapanVII.9 Electrode Materials and Power Density in AMTEC 532

AKato, K.Tsuchida, T.Nagata and RNakata

Kyushu University, Japan

SESSION VIII: Application of Thermoelectrics to Various Fields (1)Chairmen : LXAnatychuk, Institute of Thermoelectricity, Ukraine

T.Fujii, National Research Institute for Metals, JapanVUL1 Semiconductor Integrating Converters (Invited Paper) 537

LXAnatychuk, Institute of Thermoelectricity, Ukraine

VTII.2 Thermoelectric Cooling Applied to Petroleum Product Testing 549

W.Zheng, C.Maggi, R.Hoover and W.LloydCannon Instrument Company, USA

Vm.3 Precise Measurement of Cooling Thermoelectric Material Parameters:

Methods, Arrangements and Procedures 553

LXAnatychuk, S.V.Pervozvansky and V.V.Razinkov

Institute of Thermoelectricity, UkraineVHI.4 Air Gap Influence on Thermoelectric Units Performances 565

J.Buffet, Consulting Engineer, France

VB3.5 The Adhesive Strength Research

of Thermoelectric Couple Metallized Layers 569

Z.M.LH11, X.P.Zhao2, Z.W.Li3, G.W.Zhang1 and W.Y.Quan11. Harbin Institute of Technology, China2. Harbin Normal University, China3. Harbin Zhong Guang Electric Device Factory, China

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POSTER SESSION A : Application of Thermoelectrics to Various Fields (2)Chairmen : MAbe, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan

KMasui, Nagoya Institute of Technology, JapanVm.6 Development of a Small Thermoelectric Water Chiller

for Medical Instrument Cooling 572

B.Mathiprakasam, P.Heenan and D.DeMottMidwest Research Institute, USA

vm.7 The Final Development of Aircrew Microclimate

Conditioner Systems for U.S, Army Aircraft 574

T.Hrastich1, P.Heenan2 and B.Mathiprakasam21. U.S.ArmyATCOM, USA

2. Midwest Research Institute, USA

Vni.8 Development of a Self-Powered Heaterfor Low -Temperature Operation 578

B.C.LeSage, Global Thermoelectric Inc., Canada

SESSION IX : Economics and Others

Chairmen : B.LeSage, Global Thermoelectric Inc., CanadaKXUemura, Institute for Thermoelectric Technologies Japan, Japan

IX.l Thermoelectricity in Germany:Forschungs- und Anwendergemeinschaft Thermoelektrik (FAT) e.V 581

U.StOhrer, University of Karlsruhe, GermanyIX.2 Recycling: A Must to the Development of New Technologies 587

G.Knockaert, Union Miniire, BelgiumTX3 The Role of the Primary Non-Ferrous Metals Industry

in the Supply and Recycling of Metals for Thermoelectrics 590

M.G.King and T.Li

ASARCOInc, USA

PANELSESSION: Thermoelectrics-An Avenue to an Environmentally Friendly Future- 597

Moderator: John G. Stockholm, Marvel S.A., France

Panelists: Lukyan I. Anatychuk, Institute of Thermoelectricity, UkraineRichard J. Buist, TE Technology Inc., USAKenji Matsuura, Osaka University, JapanDavid M. Rowe, University of Wales College of Cardiff, UKCronin B. Vining, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, USA

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