information system design info-440

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Information System Design

Info-440Autumn 2002

Session #8

Copyright David Hendry (INFO-440 session 8 - 10/23/2002) 2

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nAgenda

• Admin/review• Process

– Reminder of where we are?• Conceptual modeling • Break• Two exercises • Return quiz


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nAdmin

• Announcements– Lab today: If you can, please bring scissors,

tape, color pencils, etc.– Anyone?

• Interactive design project– To learn more about Tablet PCs, try:

http://www.pencomputing.com– Questions?– Proposal due: Oct 28 (Monday)

• Quizzes– Back today!

http://www.pencomputing.com/

http://www.pencomputing.com/


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nLast time

• Design spaces– Key idea: Map multiple items on a

two-dimensional plot– Example dimensions: Task, product,

user-satisfaction, market landscape• Task analysis/User Flows

– Key idea: Represent goals and tasks– User flows are usually procedural


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nTask Analysis/User

Flows: SymbolsGoal

start

Task Decision

Task

Task

end

Task

Other pathYes

No

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n Process


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nDevelopment process

Define: Vision/scopeNeeds assessment

Design: Invent thetechnological solution

Develop: Build the technology

Deploy: Delivery stabletechnology

Vision/scope document

Design specificationsdocument

Beta software

Version Release


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nLength of Development

Cycle• 1 Six month cycle– Effective for well-established

businesses– Effective when making evolutionary

improvements

• 3 two-month cycles– Effective for new businesses/ideas– Effective when trying to make

revolutionary improvements

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n Conceptual modeling


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nShift focus from ‘users’

to the ‘system’• We’ve looked at users long enough!

– Contextual inquiry, affinity diagrams, personas, scenarios, task analysis, etc.

• Let’s start designing!– Key idea: Difference between logical

structure of a system and physical system


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nLogical vs. Physical

Design• Physical: surface of the interface (skin)

– Colors, fonts, zones, grids, graphics, etc.– Discipline: Information design

• Logical: structure underlying the interface (skull)– Entities, relationships, attributes, operations, etc.

• Examples:– HTML tags vs. spacer gifs – Database schema vs. indexes of tables – XML vs CSS– …


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nThree example from

Quiz• The TV Guide is ordered by day.

Each day lists TV shows in a grid according to hour and station.

TVGuide

Index- Friends 7:30- Seinfield 8:00

Shows Showtime

Times

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In Skull beneath the Skin, What problem

did Green and Benyon seek to solve?


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nNotations

• In the paper Skull beneath skin, Green & Benyon adapt Entity-Relationship Modeling notation – Entities– Relationships– Attributes

• Different modeling languages use different notations– Example: UML, ER, OMT, etc.


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nNotation

• Entities

• Attributes

• Relationships


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nRelationships more

• Relationships can have a degree– 1 to 1– 1 to M– M to M

• Relationships can mandatory or optional


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nLet’s work some

examples on the board

– What does the grid for the TV Guide look like?

– How could we represent shows?– How could we represent times?– How could we represent the

relationship between the two?

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n Break


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nExercise: Reverse

engineer a conceptual model for dmoz

http://dmoz.org/Sports/Skiing/

What are the entities?

What are the relationships?

What are the attributes?

What operations can be applied to the entities?

http://dmoz.org/Sports/Skiing/


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nExercise: Develop a

conceptual model for this scenario• Jill is a historian. She wants to help

people understand how natural and built environments have changed over time. To do this she wants to develop a site which will allow people to match old photographs of buildings, landscapes, etc. to new photographs. Jill wants people to see, touch, and experience ‘change’.


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nQuiz #1

• Good work on the quiz- Your answers will come in handy when

you interview for jobs!

• Everyone received max points for – Describe a conceptual model for TV

Guide.

• Lydia– Comments…


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nGrade distribution on Quiz #1Marked out of 5 (Average 4.5)

October 2002

02468

101214161820

s5 s4.5 s4.0 s3.5 s0

Scores

Freq

uenc

y


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nNext week

• Topics– More on conceptual modeling– Begin interaction design

• Metaphors and visual formalisms• Two readings

– See syllabus • Interactive design project

– Proposal due: Oct 28 (Monday)

information system design info-440

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