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HIGH-RESOLUTION 2D SEISMIC

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HIGH-RESOLUTION 2D SEISMIC

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DATA PROCESSING

TEST/MAIN PROCESSING

Geometry Specification

Deconvolution

Sorted into CMP’s

Filtered

Amplified

Velocity Analysis

NMO

Stacked

FINAL PROCESSING

Migration

EDITING

Demultiplexed

Edited

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3D SEISMIC

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3D SEISMIC

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GEOTECHNICAL SAMPLING

• Grab Samplers

• Gravity Corers

• Vibrocorers

• Cone Penetrometers

• Boreholes

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INTERPRETATION AND PRESENTATION

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SEABED FEATURES CHART

• Distribution of seabed sediments• Topographic features (sands waves

etc)• Rock outcrops• Pockmarks• Existing infrastructure; pipelines,

cables etc• Wrecks• Items of debris• Seabed Features Chart should

comprise interpretation of Echo Sounder, magnetometer and side scan sonar data with seabed samples

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• Entire well assembly is supported on 30” conductor casing, which is set between 20m-40m sub-seabed

• Identify soil profile in the required depth zone

• Locate potential obstructions to installation of conductor; boulders, gravel layers etc

• Identify potential unconsolidated soils / loose sands – geotechnical weak units

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ALIGNMENT SHEET FORMAT

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SEABED VISUALISATION

Shaded relief

Colour coded seabed gradient

3D perspective

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SITE SURVEYOPERATIONS

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THE SURVEYORS ROLE

• Construction of Survey Programme

• Positioning of Vessel

• Positioning of Sensors

• Quality Control of Bathymetry data

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SURVEY LINE PLAN FOR JACK-UP RIG

Distances in metres1 km

Plus tie line to adjacent borehole or survey area

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SURVEY LINE PLAN FOR SEMI-SUBMERSIBLE RIG

Distances in metres1 km

Plus tie line to adjacent core location or site survey

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SURVEY DESIGN

• Water Depth

• Type of Installation

• Expected Hazards

• Flexibility of Location

• Environmental Conditions

• Time and Cost

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SURVEY DESIGN

• Dual Pass Survey

• Integrated Surveys

• Dual Streamers

• High Resolution 3D

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THE SURVEY PLATFORM

Vessel antenna position

(reference point)Back deck where side scan sonar, boomer and digital

seismic equipment is launched

Bridge

Instrument room

(below water line)Living quarters

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AUV SURVEYS

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THE DEEP WATER SOLUTION

• Traditional survey methods have numerous drawbacks to the acquisition of geophysical data in Deep Water areas.

• Clients and subsea engineering companies are demanding more resolute and accurately positioned data which these traditional methods cannot provide.

• A significant change in the way that geophysical data is acquired was needed by the survey companies.

• The survey industry’s solution:

The Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV)

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AUV OPERATIONS

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AUV OPERATIONS

Fugro’s “Echo Surveyor” AUV

• Kongsberg HUGIN 3000.

• Semi-autonomous vehicle independently powered and controlled (cable free).

• Depth rated to 3000 metres.

• Aided Inertial Navigation System provides extremely accurate positioning.

• Positional accuracy of the AUV is less than 5 metres, significantly better than towed systems.

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AUV DATA QUALITY

• So what are the improvements in data quality when using an AUV?

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AUV DATA QUALITY

Improved bathymetry data

quality... …compared to

3D seismic

• Bathymetry from 3D seismic data

• AUV mounted multibeam echo sounder data

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AUV DATA QUALITY

1 km

• AUV mounted multibeam echo sounder data

• Vessel mounted multibeam echo sounder data

Improved bathymetry data

quality...…compared to vessel mounted bathymetry data

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AUV DATA QUALITY

1km

High quality bathymetry data

in all water depths

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AUV DATA QUALITY

250 m

Improved side scan sonar data quality...

• The AUV assures high quality data is always acquired

• Better positional accuracy in all water depths

• Higher quality sonar mosaics

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AUV DATA QUALITY

1 km

• Stunning images can be obtained of complex features such as this mud volcano

• This could never be achieved by traditional towfish data in Deep Water.

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AUV DATA QUALITY

Improved sub-bottom profiler data quality...

2DHR Data AUV Chirp Data

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2 km

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WHY CARRY OUT AN AUV SURVEY?

• Improved data quality, coverage, positional accuracy.

• Greater confidence in interpretation of seabed & shallow geohazards and definition of geological conditions.

• This increased certainty over the geological conditions aids in deciding the best engineering solutions.

• Hazards are avoided.

• Over-engineering reduced.

• Field development can be completed earlier.

• Significant potential cost savings.

• HOWEVER: This can only be achieved through an integrated interpretation approach using all available data and with competent, experienced staff.

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INTEGRATED INTERPRETATION STRATEGY

• Bring together all data types and background information together on one platform – SMT Kingdom Suite

SMT

Multi-layer Sonar Mosaics

Shaded Relief Bathymetry

Chirp

2DHR / 3D

Contoured BathymetryCultural Data

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INTEGRATED INTERPRETATION STRATEGY

• Many features can only be properly characterised by the use of several different data types

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REPORT DELIVERY

Interpretation Products

Seabed FeaturesSMT

Shallow Soils

Shallow Geohazards

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Thank You