Get out ISN we are taking notes

• Content Objective: Students will demonstrate comprehension of structure and function of the skeletal system by writing about what they learn during the powerpoint.

• Language Objective: Student will read about structure and function of the skeletal system and write examples for the types of bones and joints found in the body.

• Quiz Friday

• Independent study projects due Next week.

• Need your Science Fair permission forms By Friday!!

Independent Study Projects Due Next Friday Counts as a test grade failure to turn in results in a

zero as a test grade!!1st Period•IriAmin Holguin•Daniela Mendoza•Tristan Yin

4th Period•Madilyn Davenport•Chyanne Gregg•Alecia Ramirez

5th Period•Kynnedy Flannel•Jack LeBato•Jose Moreno•Samantha Moreno•Dulce Sosa

6th Period•Paul Grundy

7th Period•Chris Gonzales•Cameron Lopez

The Skeletal System

The Skeletal System

• Definition:– all the bones in the

body

Living or Non-living?

• LIVING- – Proof: cells are found in bones, and all living

things are made up of cells.

The Skeletal System

Function

– forms an internal, living framework that• provides shape and support • protects internal organs • Attach muscles so that they can move • forms blood cells (bone marrow)• stores calcium and phosphorous

compounds for later use

Bones

• Made of layers of living tissue

• Outer Layer: Covered with a tough, tight-fitting membrane called the periosteum

Compact Bone

• Found Directly under the periosteum

• Hard, strong layer Gives bones strength

• Made of deposits of calcium phosphate

• Contains bone cells and blood vessels

Spongy Bone

• Located at the ends of long bones

• Has many small, open spaces that make bones lightweight

• It is filled with a substance called marrow – yellow composed of fat cells – red produces red blood cells

http://www.bmb.psu.edu

Cartilage

• Smooth, slippery, thick layer of tissue

• Thick soft tissue covers the ends of bones

• Purpose: reduce friction b/w bones/acts as a shock absorber

• Does not contain blood vessels or minerals which makes it unable to regenerate

Joints

• Definition:– Any place where two or more bones come

together

Joints

• Bones at joints are separated by a thin layer of cartilage so that they do not rub against each other as they move

• Bones are held in place at joints by a tough band of tissue called ligament

Types of Joints

• Immovable– Skull– Pelvis

• Moveable– Pivot– Ball & socket– Hinge– Gliding

Immoveable Joints

• Allow little or no movement.– Examples: Skull,

Ribs, pelvis

Types of Joints•Ball and Socket Joint

•Bone with a rounded end that fits into a cuplike cavity on another bone

•Examples: Hip and Shoulderhttp://www.shockfamily.net/skeleton/JOINTS.HTML

Types of Joints•Pivot Joint

•One bone rotates in a ring of another bone that does not move

• Examples:

radius/ulnar joint, cervical joint (cranium on the cervical vertebra)

http://www.funhousefilms.com/b-pivot2.jpg

Types of Joints

http://www.shockfamily.net/skeleton/JOINTS.HTML

•Hinge Joint

•Back-and-forth movement like hinges on a door

•Examples: Elbow, knees, fingers, toes

Type of Joints

http://www.shockfamily.net/skeleton/JOINTS.HTML

•Gliding Joint

•One part of a bone slides over another bone

•Examples: wrists, ankles, between vertebrae

Joint Problems• Arthritis- describes 100 different diseases

of the joints. – All forms begin with the same symptoms in

the joints• Pain• Swelling• Stiffness