formative assessments 1 daddy day care paragraphs from this text are put into mini-assessments to...

Formative Assessments

1 Daddy Day Care

Paragraphs from this text are put into mini-assessments to test standards RI 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.7

2 Penguin Perfection

Assesses standards RI 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.5

3 What is Antarctica?

RI 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.5, 4.8

4

Unit 2Formative AssessmentName: ____________________________

When you think "tough," you may think of sharks, grizzly bears, or professional wrestlers, but you probably don't think of male penguins. Emperor penguins may not look it, but the males are tough enough to take on the deadly Antarctic winter and survive. And they do it—without eating—while taking care of the eggs! When other animals head north in March to avoid the Antarctic winter, emperor penguins head south. Antarctica is surrounded by a huge mass of sea ice in the winter. This ice floats on the ocean in the southernmost part of the Earth. Harsh and frigid, it is here where emperor penguins choose to mate and lay their eggs. All the other animals, even other penguins, leave months before the Antarctic winter sets in. The only living things left above the ice are the emperors and the humans watching them.

Daddy DaycarePassage 1A

The article describes male emperor penguins as "tough.” What details does the author give to prove they are tough? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

RI 4.1

Why does the author include the map below? How does it help you better understand the article? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

RI 4.7


When you think "tough," you may think of sharks, grizzly bears, or professional wrestlers, but you probably don't think of male penguins. Emperor penguins may not look it, but the males are tough enough to take on the deadly Antarctic winter and survive. And they do it—without eating—while taking care of the eggs! When other animals head north in March to avoid the Antarctic winter, emperor penguins head south. Antarctica is surrounded by a huge mass of sea ice in the winter. This ice floats on the ocean in the southernmost part of the Earth. Harsh and frigid, it is here where emperor penguins choose to mate and lay their eggs. All the other animals, even other penguins, leave months before the Antarctic winter sets in. The only living things left above the ice are the emperors and the humans watching them.

Daddy Daycare

The article describes male emperor penguins as "tough.” What details does the author give to prove they are tough? The author says that they take on the deadly Antarctic winter, where it is harsh and frigid, and survive.

RI 4.1

Why does the author include the map below? How does it help you better understand the article? I think the author included it because he/she wanted to show where penguins live in relation to the rest of the world. It helps me understand because I can see how far Antarctica is from where we live, so it makes sense that the weather would be so different.

RI 4.7

KEY

Unit 2Formative Assessment

Name: ____________________________

Warm-Up for Dads The Antarctic weather wears on the male Emperor penguins with a viciousness that would seem unbearable to humans. Feathers, fat, and other adaptations are usually enough to keep adult penguins alive. But scientists who visit have to wear 22 pounds of clothing to stay warm! ''The penguins make it look so easy," says Gerald Kooyman, a biologist who has made more than 30 research trips to Antarctica. "After watching them awhile you almost forget how remarkable they are—until the weather changes and the wind slices right through you!" One of the impressive ways emperors stay toasty when temperatures plummet or the wind blasts is to "huddle." A huddle forms when hundreds, even thousands, of males crowd together. The birds move constantly, slowly rotating from the cold outside rings to the warm, wind-free center. One scientist who spent an entire winter observing these amazing birds says it is staggering to see 10,000 penguins in a single quiet huddle. The temperature inside can be 77°F. Standing nearby when a huddle breaks up, observers can feel, smell, even see the heat. It's like a wall of steam. The penguins are packed in so tightly that when one comes out, the bird is square-shaped for a few moments from the pressure of the other birds.

Daddy Daycare

Passage 1B

Explain how Emperor penguins stay warm when they form huddles.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

RI 4.2

How do male Emperor penguins stay alive in the cold Antarctic conditions? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

RI 4.1

RI 4.3 What causes the penguins to come out of the huddle square-shaped? What information from the article supports your answer? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Name: ____________________________

Warm-Up for Dads The Antarctic weather wears on the male Emperor penguins with a viciousness that would seem unbearable to humans. Feathers, fat, and other adaptations are usually enough to keep adult penguins alive. But scientists who visit have to wear 22 pounds of clothing to stay warm! ''The penguins make it look so easy," says Gerald Kooyman, a biologist who has made more than 30 research trips to Antarctica. "After watching them awhile you almost forget how remarkable they are—until the weather changes and the wind slices right through you!" One of the impressive ways emperors stay toasty when temperatures plummet or the wind blasts is to "huddle." A huddle forms when hundreds, even thousands, of males crowd together. The birds move constantly, slowly rotating from the cold outside rings to the warm, wind-free center. One scientist who spent an entire winter observing these amazing birds says it is staggering to see 10,000 penguins in a single quiet huddle. The temperature inside can be 77°F. Standing nearby when a huddle breaks up, observers can feel, smell, even see the heat. It's like a wall of steam. The penguins are packed in so tightly that when one comes out, the bird is square-shaped for a few moments from the pressure of the other birds.

Daddy Daycare

Explain how Emperor penguins stay warm when they form huddles. Hundreds to thousands of penguins crowd together in a huddle. They take turns being in the center of the group where it can get up to 77 degrees! They constantly rotate from the center of the huddle where it is very warm, to the outside of the huddle where it is cold.

RI 4.2

How do male Emperor penguins stay alive in the cold Antarctic conditions? Emperor penguins have feathers, fat, and other adaptations that keep them alive.

RI 4.1

RI 4.3 What causes the penguins to come out of the huddle square-shaped? What information from the article supports your answer? Then penguins come out square-shaped because the article says that the birds are packed in the huddle very tightly. The pressure from this group creates the shape.

KEY


Chinstrap Penguins Of all the penguins, these ones are probably the easiest to remember. Their name is "chinstrap" and they actually do have a chin strap. These penguins have unique characteristics. A thin, black line stretches from one side of their chin to the other. These penguins are about 30 inches tall, and live on Antarctic islands and Sub-Antarctic islands. Chinstraps eat mainly krill, and sometimes have a little bit of fish, which make up 5 % of their diet.

Gentoo Penguin Gentoo Penguins are black (like most other penguins) and have a white stripe leading from one eye to the other. They are around 35 inches tall and are the third tallest penguins in the world, after Emperor and King. These penguins are the fastest underwater swimmers, reaching speeds of 17 miles per hour. They live in sub-Antarctic islands, including the Falkland islands.

Adelie Penguins Adelie penguins are one of the smaller breeds. At maximum they reach about eighteen inches. These penguins live in Antarctica. Unlike the Emperors, which live on ice, Adelie's live on rockier parts of the Ice-Continent. These penguins have nests made of stones, which they will steal form each other. These penguins have just black-and-white markings, which are around their backs, on their faces, and on their chins. Juvenile Adelie's have white chins.

Penguin PerfectionPassage 2

____________________________________________________________________

______________________

What is the text structure of Penguin Perfection?

Unit 2 RI 4.5 Formative Assessment

Explain how you know.

Based on the information in Penguin Perfection, how are the penguins different from each other? Support your answer with specific details from the text.

RI 4.3

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

I know this is a description text structure because the author listed a set of characteristics about each penguin.

What is the text structure of Penguin Perfection?


Description

Explain how you know.

Based on the information in Penguin Perfection, how are the penguins different from each other? Give at least 2 examples. Support your answer with specific

details from the text.


While Chinstrap, Gentoo and Adelie penguins have some things in common, such as where they live, but they also have a lot of

differences. All of the penguins are different sizes. Adelies are the shortest at 18 inches, which the Chinstrap can grow up to 30

inches, and the Gentoo up to 35 inches. Also, while the penguins are all black and white, each has special patterns which make them recognizable. Chinstraps have a thin black line that stretches from one side of their chin to the other side. The Gentoo penguins also

have a special color marking. However, theirs is white and stretches from one eye to the other. Adelie penguins are the most plain, with

black backs and a white stomach and no special markings. These two things makes the penguins different enough to identify if you

ever venture to Antarctica.

KEY

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________

Create a graphic organizer on the back of this page to organize the key ideas and details from the passage. Then,

using the space below, summarize the text.



What is Antarctica? Antarctica is a continent. It is Earth’s fifth largest continent. Antarctica is covered in ice. Antarctica covers Earth’s South Pole.

What is Antarctica Like? Antarctica is the coldest place on Earth. The temperature in the winter is cold enough to freeze water all the time. The temperature in the middle of Antarctica is much colder than the temperature on the coasts. Antarctica has two seasons: summer and winter. Earth is tilted in space and the direction of tilt never changes. During summer, Antarctica is on the side of Earth tilted toward the sun. It is always sunny. In winter, Antarctica is on the side of the Earth tilted away from the sun. Then, the continent is always dark. Antarctica is a desert. It does not rain or snow a lot there. When it snows, the snow does not melt and builds up over many years to make large, thick sheets of ice, called ice sheets. Antarctica is made up of lots of ice in the form of glaciers, ice shelves and icebergs. Antarctica has no trees or bushes. The only plants that can live in a place that cold are moss and algae.

Who Lives in Antarctica? Antarctica is too cold for people to live there for a long time. Scientists take turns going there to study the ice. Tourists visit Antarctica in the summers. The oceans around Antarctica are home to many types of whales. Antarctica is also home to seals and penguins.

What Can NASA Learn About Earth From Studying Antarctica?

NASA uses satellites to study Antarctica. NASA wants to know how Antarctica is changing. Scientists want to know what the changes in Earth’s climate are doing to Antarctica’s ice sheets. They also want to know what changes in Antarctica’s ice might do to Earth’s climate. One tool that NASA uses is ICESat. That stands for the Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite. Using ICESat, NASA can measure changes in the size of Antarctica’s ice sheets. ICESat also helps NASA understand how changing polar ice may affect the rest of the planet. Melting ice sheets in Antarctica may change sea levels all over the world. NASA instruments have also helped scientists create detailed maps of Antarctica. These maps help researchers when planning trips to Antarctica. They also give people a clearer view of the continent.

What Can NASA Learn About Space From Studying Antarctica? Antarctica is a good place to find meteorites that are easier to see on the white ice. Also, meteorites that fall to Antarctica are protected by the ice for a long time. NASA sends teams to Antarctica to learn more about the planet Mars. Antarctica and Mars have a lot in common. Both places are cold. Both places are dry like a desert. NASA tested robots in Antarctica that later landed on Mars. NASA also goes to Antarctica to study astronaut nutrition. Like people who are in Antarctica in the winter, astronauts in space are not in the sunlight. The sun helps the human body make vitamins. Scientists study people who visit Antarctica to learn how to help astronauts in space get enough vitamins.

www.nasa.gov

What is Antarctica?Passage 3

NASA = National Aeronautics and Space Administration

http://www.nasa.gov/

What is Antarctica?

1. According to the article, NASA studies Antarctica for all of the following reasons except

a. Antarctica helps us understand ice.b. Antarctica helps us understand

important plants.c. Antarctica is a good place to find

meteorites.d. Antarctica is a good place to test

robots.

2. Read these sentences from paragraph 3:

In winter, Antarctica is on the side of the Earth titled away from the sun. Then, the continent is always dark.

Which statement describes the relationship between these two sentences? a. phrases and stanzasb. meter and rhymec. sentences and paragraphsd. dialogue and state directions

3. What can NASA learn from studying people living in Antarctica that would help astronauts?

a. the nutritional effects of a long-term lack of sunlight.

b. the extra vitamins the body had to make during the winter.

c. the seasons when astronauts would have the best nutrition in space.

d. the type of vitamins the body needs when it is exposed to the sun.

4. According to the passage, the changing size of Antarctica’s ice sheets has an effect on

a. living conditions on the continentb. the temperature of the air and cloudsc. the amount of wildlife that can survive

thered. sea levels all around the world

Name:

5. Which heading in the article would you look under to find out about the weather in Antarctica?

a. What is Antarctica Like? b. Who Lives in Antarctica?c. What Can NASA Learn About Earth

From Studying Antarctica?d. What can NASA Learn About Space

From Studying Antarctica?

What is Antarctica

1. According to the article, NASA studies Antarctica for all of the following reasons except

a. Antarctica helps us understand ice.b. Antarctica helps us understand

important plants.c. Antarctica is a good place to find

meteorites.d. Antarctica is a good place to test

robots.

2. Read these sentences from paragraph 3:

In winter, Antarctica is on the side of the Earth titled away from the sun. Then, the continent is always dark.

Which statement describes the relationship between these two sentences? a. phrases and stanzasb. meter and rhymec. sentences and paragraphsd. dialogue and state directions

3. What can NASA learn from studying people living in Antarctica that would help astronauts?

a. the nutritional effects of a long-term lack of sunlight.

b. the extra vitamins the body had to make during the winter.

c. the seasons when astronauts would have the best nutrition in space.

d. the type of vitamins the body needs when it is exposed to the sun.

4. According to the passage, the changing size of Antarctica’s ice sheets has an effect on

a. living conditions on the continentb. the temperature of the air and cloudsc. the amount of wildlife that can survive

thered. sea levels all around the world

KEY

5. Which heading in the article would you look under to find out about the weather in Antarctica?

a. What is Antarctica Like? b. Who Lives in Antarctica?c. What Can NASA Learn About Earth

From Studying Antarctica?d. What can NASA Learn About Space

From Studying Antarctica?

RI 4.2 RI 4.8

RI 4.3 RI 4.1

RI 4.5

Students should have created a graphic organizer to go along with the text of the article. A good choice would be an

idea web or boxes and bullets.

Chinstrap penguins live on Antarctic and sub-Antarctic Islands. They have a thin black line that stretches across their chin and can grow up to 30 inches tall. They mainly eat fish and krill.

The Gentoo penguins live on sub-Antarctic islands. They are black and white with a white strip from eye to eye. They can grow up to 35 inches, and are the fastest Penguins in the water.

The Adelie Penguins live in Antarctica and make their nests on rocky areas of land. These penguins are all black and white and can grow up to 18 inches tall.

Create a graphic organizer on the back of this page to organize the key ideas and details from the passage. Then,

using the space below, summarize the text.

Unit 2 RI 4.2 Formative AssessmentKEY

exit slips

1Important

Ideas

RI 4.1

Students will identify important ideas and explain how they know those ideas are important to the text.

2 text features

RI 4.7

Either in their readers notebook or on an exit slip, have students find a note the meaning of text features found in

their independent reading book.

3 text features

RI 4.7

Students should explain how a text feature helps them better understand the content they reading.

4important

details

RI 4.2

Students should pick out important details from a nonfiction text and be able to explain their thinking and reasoning.

5 summarizing

RI 4.2

Students should summarize information they learned in a section of a nonfiction text, or in the entire text.

6Connecting

Text and Text Features

RI 4.7

Students should be able to note what they learned from the text and text features. They should synthesize that

information to explain what they learned from the text by using both sources of information.

7Events in a

historical textRI 4.3

Students should be able to note what happened and why after reading a historical text.

8Explaining

Text Structure RI 4.5

Students will identify and explain the structure of a text, as well as how the structure helps them understand the

information read.

Unit 2Exit Slip

Important Idea How I know

Name:Text:

Name: Unit 2Exit Slip

Important Idea How I know

Text:

RI 4.1

RI 4.1

Unit 2Exit Slip

Text Feature Purpose

Name:Text:


Text Feature Purpose

Text:

Unit 2Exit Slip

What the Text Says

What the Text Features Show

The text features help me understand

that:

Name:

Name:Unit 2

Exit Slip

What the Text Says

What the Text Features Show

The text features help me understand

that:

RI 4.7

RI 4.7

Unit 2Exit Slip

Main Idea:

•

•

•

•

Name:Text:


Text:

Main Idea:

•

•

•

•

RI 4.2

RI 4.2

Unit 2 Exit Slip

Important Ideas from: Why I think that:

Name:

Name:Unit 2

Exit Slip

Important Ideas from: Why I think that:

RI 4.2

RI 4.2

Unit 2Exit Slip

In ___________________________________ learned….

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Name:

In __________________________________ learned….

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Unit 2Exit SlipName:

RI 4.2

RI 4.2

Unit 2Exit Slip

My Summary of _______________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Name:

My Summary of _______________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Unit 2Exit SlipName:

RI 4.2

RI 4.2

Unit 2Exit Slip

Information from the Text

Information from the photographs

maps charts other


maps charts other

My understanding based upon the text AND text features:

Name:

Name:Unit 2

Exit Slip

Information from the Text


maps charts other


maps charts other

My understanding based upon the text AND text features:

RI 4.7

RI 4.7

Unit 2 Exit Slip

I Read: This happened because:

Name:

Name:Unit 2

Exit Slip

I Read: This happened because:

RI 4.3

RI 4.3

Unit 2 Exit Slip

Explain the Text Structure

How doe the text being organized in this way help you better understand the

information?

Name:

Name:Unit 2

Exit Slip

Explain the Text Structure

How doe the text being organized in this way help you better understand the

information?

RI 4.5

RI 4.5

formative assessments 1 daddy day care paragraphs from this text are put into mini-assessments to...

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