fibre chapter 33 fibres and fabrics - egs.ie · fibres and fabrics activity packs 1 chapter 33...

Chapter 33Fibres and Fabrics

1 Chapter 33 Fibres and FabricsActivity Packs

Activity 1

Wool

Use the words in the word bank below to fill in the blanks in this paragraph about wool.

Fibres

and

Fabrics

absorbent, burn, carded, fleece, goat, knitting, natural, properties, rabbit,resilient, sheared, shrink, spun, tumble, tweed, washed, worsted

Wool is a __________________ fibre. While sheep are our main source of wool, the coats of

other animals, for example __________________, camels and __________________, are also

used. In the springtime, sheep are __________________. The __________________ is then

graded, __________________ and dried. Wool is then brushed or __________________ to

remove dirt and to straighten the fibres. Fibres are then __________________ into yarn. Long

fibres are usually made into __________________ fabric, while shorter fibres are used to make

yarn for __________________. Wool has many good __________________. It is warm,

__________________ and it does not __________________ easily. Wool carpets are hard

wearing and __________________. Unfortunately, wool does __________________ easily if

carelessly washed or __________________ dried. __________________ is a type of wool fabric

traditional in Ireland (especially Donegal).


Activity 2Silk

1. Using the diagram below as a guide, describe how silk is produced.

2. List four desirable and four undesirable properties of silk fabric.

Desirable

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)

Undesirable

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)


Activity 3

Cotton

Use the words in the word bank below to fill in the blanks in this paragraph about cotton.

absorbent, bleached, bolls, cleaned, combed, crease,mildew, natural, shrinks, washes

Cotton is a _____________ fibre of plant origin. Cotton ________ are picked, ____________ and

graded before being ______________ and spun into yarn. Cotton is very useful fabric in that it is

_______________, cool and strong. It is easy to care for in that it ________________ and dries

well. It can be easily dyed and __________________. However, cotton does _______________

easily. It also ________________ and burns easily and can be damaged by

__________________.

Activity 4Linen

1. Using the diagram below as a guide, describe how linen is produced.


2. List four desirable and four undesirable properties of linen fabric.

Desirable

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)

Undesirable

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)

Activity 5

In the box below are listed three types of wool, silk and linen fabric and four types of cotton. Writethe type of fabric under the natural fibre it comes from.

cambric, chiffon, crepe, damask, denim, flannelette, gabardine,lawn, muslin, satin, taffeta, towelling, tweed

Silk

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

Linen

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

Wool

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

Cotton

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)


Activity 6

What information does each of these symbols convey to the consumer?

Activity 7

Complete the flow diagram below to show how man-made fibres are classified.

Man-madefibres

Synthetic

Acetate Acryli c


Activity 8

Regenerated fabrics

1. Using the diagram below as a guide, describe how regenerated fabrics are produced.

2. Give one advantage and one disadvantage of regenerated fabrics.

Advantage:

Disadvantage:


Activity 9

Synthetic fabrics

1. Use the words in the word bank below to fill in the blanks in this paragraph about syntheticfibres and fabrics.

acrylic, air, chopped, coal, continuous, jumpers, nylon, smooth, spinneret

Synthetic fabrics such as ___________________, polyester, _________________ and elastane

are made from substances such as oil and _________________ to which other chemicals,

_______________ and water are added. The mixture is then forced through a

__________________ to form long ________________ filaments or tubes. Filaments can either

be left as they are or _________________ up into smaller filaments. Long filaments are used to

make ______________, silky fabrics, whereas short filaments are used to make soft ‘woolly’ yarn

for ______________, etc.

2. List two desirable and two undesirable properties of synthetic fabric.

Desirable

(i)

(ii)

Undesirable

(i)

(ii)


1

3

5

8 9

1 4

1 3

1 6

1 0

1 7

1 9

2 2

2 5

2 6

2 4

1 5

2 0

2 1

1 8

2 3

1 1

1 2

76

2

4

Activity 10Revision crossword

ACROSS3 Mould that attacks cotton and linen (6)4 Soaks water (9)5 Type of wool fabric for school coats (9)6 Fibres made from coal and oil (9)8 Brushed woollen fleece (6)

12 A light, see-through silk (7) 14 An undesirable property of linen (7)16 Not man-made (7)20 Burns easily (9)21 Sheep’s coat (6)22 Bounces back (9)23 To make smaller (6)25 Picked to make cotton fabric (6, 5) 26 Opposite to natural (3, 4)

DOWN1 Sheep are ___________ to remove their

fleece (7)2 A smooth type of silk (5)7 Shell spun by silkworms (6)9 Falls well (6)

10 A heavy linen used for tablecloths (6)11 Produces silk (4, 4)13 Long wool fibres (7)15 Wool mix (4, 5)17 Fibres made from wood pulp or waste

cotton (11)18 Process of rotting flax stems (7)19 An absorbent cotton found in bathroom

textiles (9)24 What linen is made from (4)

1

2

3 4

5

6 7

8 9

10 11

12

13

14 15

16 17 18

19 20

21

22 23

24

25

26


List the three ways that fibres and yarns can be made into fabrics.

1.

2.

3.

Activity 11

Activity 12

Examine the clothes you have on today and look at the labels. What fabrics are they madefrom?

Item of clothing Fabric Item of clothing Fabric


Item Three important properties Two suitable fabrics

School jumper 1. 1.

2. 2.

3.

Graduation dress 1. 1.

2. 2.

3.

T-shirt 1. 1.

2. 2.

3.

Carpet 1. 1.

2. 2.

3.

Curtains 1. 1.

2. 2.

3.

Activity 13

1. Which three of the properties listed below are most important for each of the items shownin the table?

2. Name two fabrics that have the properties you have mentioned.

absorbent, cool, crease-resistant, does not burn easily, drapes well, easy tobleach, easy to dye, hard-wearing, light, resilient, shiny, smooth, stretchy,

washes and dries well


Activity 14

Fabric finishes three-way mix and match

Look at the 13 fabric finishes below. Match each with its function and use.

Finish Function Use

1. Waterproofing A. Stops shrinking A. Skirts, trousers

2. Stretch (Lycra) B. Stops clothes clinging B. Wool, silk

3. Anti-static C. Stops water soaking

throughC. Skirts, trousers

4. Stain-repellent D. Reduces need to iron D. Synthetic underwear

5. Non-shrink E. Pleats don’t fall outE. Anoraks, waterproof

wear

6. Polishing F. Makes fabric showerproof F. Clothes, carpet

7. StiffeningG. Stops stains soaking into

fabricG. Cuffs, collars

8. Crease-resistantH. Fabric won’t catch on fire

easilyH. Children’s nightwear

9. BrushingI. Woven into fabric to give

stretchI. Swimwear

10. Moth-proofingJ. Makes fabric feel warmer

and softerJ. Sheets (flannelette)

11. Permanent pleatingK. Stops moths attacking

fabricK. Clothing, furnishing

fabrics

12. Flame-resistantL. Makes fabric smooth and

strongL. Sheets, curtains

13. Water-repellent M. Gives a sharp, crisp finishM. Showerproof jackets,

etc.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

=

=

=

=

=

=

=

and

and

and

and

and

and

and

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

=

=

=

=

=

=

and

and

and

and

and

and


Activity 15

Fabric identification tests

Fibres and fabrics can be identified by burning small samples and observing how they burn,odour (smell) and residue (what’s left after burning).

• Equipment: Metal tongs, metal tray, taper, matches. Also: Samples of fibres and fabrics.

• Procedure: Hold the fabric or fibre sample with the tweezers or tongs over the metal tray.Slowly light the sample with the burning taper. Observe and record your results.

(See your textbook for test results for common fibres and fabrics.)

Samplenumber

How it burned Odour ResidueResult

(what fabric doyou think it is?

Sample 1

Sample 2

Sample 3

5

1 3

1 0

1 6

1 4

2 1

1 8

7

1 5

2 2

2 0

1 9

1 7

9

1 1

4

1 2

8

6

21 3


Now test yourself at www.eTest.ie

Activity 16Revision crossword

ACROSS1 Regenerated fibre (5)8 Often mixed with cotton (9)

12 Synthetic fibre (5)13 Trade name for stain-resistant fabric

(6, 5)16 Static causes clothes to do this (5)17 A finish that prevents cling (4, 6) 18 What fibres are twisted into (4)20 Lycra (8)21 A regenerated fabric (7) 22 Process of sticking short fibres together

to make fabric (7)

DOWN2 A synthetic fibre used for jumpers (7)3 Some synthetic fibres are made from

this (3)4 Type of printing (6)5 Long, smooth fibre filaments (10)6 Thread running up and down the loom

(4)7 Type of test used to identify fibres (7)9 Liquid is forced through this in man-

made fibre production (9)10 Finish that makes fabric warmer and

softer (8)11 Makes fabric and thread smooth and

strong (9)14 Colour will not run (10)15 Fibres made from wood pulp (11)19 Threads running along the width of

fabric (4)

1 3

5

2 4

6

7

9

11

13

8

10

12

14 15

17

19

21

16

18

20

22

fibre chapter 33 fibres and fabrics - egs.ie · fibres and fabrics activity packs 1 chapter 33...

Documents