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Equine Infectious Anemia Andrea Jensen & Emily French

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Discovery History

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Horsey AIDS? NOT

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Lentiviruses Retrovirus Family Single Strand (+) RNA virus Contains 2 copies Can infect non-dividing cells Contains regulatory proteins Latent or active viral states Spread by blood and other bodily fluids Long lived virus leading to reservoir for persistent infection Virus type present in many vertebrate species

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The next 30 minutes of your life Transmission Pathology Testing and Control Vaccine research, EIAV/FIV What does it mean to Me?

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Transmission Vicki 15 min of fame

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Viral Life Cycle

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Primary Pathology Mature RBCs destroyed by immune system Maturation of RBC precursor cells prevented

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Other EIAV Symptoms Depression Fever Enlarged Lymph Nodes Weakness Weight Loss Anorexia Edema Nasal Discharge DEATH

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How EIAV Stacks Up HIV generally fatal EIAV has 30% mortality FIV is Kitty AIDS

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So now you know.. What EIAV is and what it means for the horse. But what are we doing about it? Mandatory Testing Federally Mandated Control Measures Vaccine Research

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Current Testing Agar gel immunodiffusion test (AGID or Coggins) Competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (cELISA) AGID / Coggins cELISA

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Control Measures Life-long quarantine Slaughter Research Euthanasia

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What this means is 70% of horses that contract EIAV would effectively manage the infection. But.. 100% of horses who have a positive Coggins Test will die as a result of the test.

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Vaccines No. Yes. Well, Maybe

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Why do we even care? Vaccine Research Therapeutic Vectors Immune System

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The End