effect of dwatrinshak guggulu, gridhrasihar tail and

© 2018 JETIR December 2018, Volume 5, Issue 12 www.jetir.org (ISSN-2349-5162)

JETIR1812437 Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (JETIR) www.jetir.org 253

EFFECT OF DWATRINSHAK GUGGULU,

GRIDHRASIHAR TAIL AND BHAUTIK UPCHAR

ON GRIDHRASI: A REVIEW

Somesh Kushwaha1, Dr. Aruna Ojha2

PG Scholar, 1st year, P.G. department of Kayachikitsa, Shri N. P. A. Govt. Ayurved College, Raipur (C.G.)

Associate Professor, P.G. department of Kayachikitsa, Shri N. P. A. Govt. Ayurved College, Raipur (C.G.)

Abstract: In today’s world pain is one of the main presenting problem for which a patient comes to a doctor. Vata is responsible

for all painful conditions in the body. Gridhrasi is one among 80 vataja nanatmaja vyadhi mentioned by Acharya Charak

affecting the loco motor system in which pain is a major symptom. The name itself indicates the way of gait shown by the patient

due to extreme pain just like a Gridhra(Vulture). Ruka(pain), Toda(pricking sensation), Stambha(stiffness) and

Muhurspandana(twitching) in waist, hip, back of the thigh, knee, calf and foot respectively are the main symptoms in Gridhrasi

so that the patient is unable to walk properly. The pain starts in the back and radiates down to one or both lower limbs. On the

basis of symptoms of Gridhrasi; it resembles like sciatica in modern medicine which is characterized as pain or discomfort

associated with Sciatic Nerve. In general an estimated 5%-10% of patients with low back pain have Sciatica. The annual

prevalence of disc related sciatica in the general population is estimated around 2.2%. In modern medical science, only

symptomatic management with analgesics like NSAIDs and surgical procedures are available. The surgical procedures are

expensive and they have their own complications. In Ayurveda various methods used for treating Gridhrasi. I have selected

Dwatrinshak Guggulu mentioned in Yogratnakar and Gridhrasihar Tail mentioned in Brihat Nighantu Ratnakar along with

Bhautik upchar(yogasan) for the shaman therapy of Gridhrasi in the guidance of Dr. Aruna OJha.

Key words: Gridhrasi, Sciatica, Dwatrinshak Guggulu, Gridhrasihar Tail, Bhautik upchar

INTRODUCTION

Ayurveda is the world's oldest medical practice. Ayurveda is science in which narration of Ashtaharvidhi visheshaayatan,

Dashvidh Aaharvidhividhan, Dincharya, Ratricharya, Ritucharya, Sadvritta and Aachar Rasayan has been described for the

healthy living of humans. The person who obeys the various health enhancement measures mentioned in Ayurveda is always

healthy, if not doing this, and the consumption of false diets, the body of a human gets infected with various diseases. Regardless

of the condition of disease, but how to provide health benefits to a person, the entire system of Ayurvedic science is also there.

Thus the two main purposes of Ayurveda are:

“पपपपपपपपप पपपपप पपपपपपपपप पपपपपपपपप पपपपपप, पपपपपपप पपपपप पपपपपपप प”

( प. पप.30 / 26 ) 1. Maintaining the health of a healthy person.

2. To remove the patient's illness.1

The main cause of the body in Ayurveda is 'Dosha, Dhatu, Mala'. Acharya Sushrut has also said -2

“पपप पपपप पप पपपप पप पपपपपप ”

( पप. पप. 15 / 3)

Acharya Vagbhatta has said in the formulas -

“पपपपपपप पपप पपपपपपपप, पपप पपपपपप पपपपपपपप |

पपप पपपपपपप पपपपपपप, पपपपपप पपपपपपप प ||”

( प. पप. पप. 1/20)

That is, when the Dosha in the body occur in a heterogeneous state, they cause disease and they provide health when

they are in equilibrium. Therefore, vata, Pitta and Kapha located in the body are also called 'Tristhambha'. Although all three

Sharirik Dosha cause disease, however vata Dosha is primarily due to pathogenicity.3

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Explaining the reason of the superiority of the vata Dosha, Acharya Vagbhat has said -

“पपपपपपपपपपपपपपपपपपपपपप पपपपपपपपपपपपपपपपपप |

पपपपपपपपपपपपपप पपपपपपपपपपपप पपपपपपप पपपपपपपपपपप ||”

(प .पप. पप. 3 /84)

That is, by being able to enter the microscopic sources of the body, by causing disease quickly, by being stronger than

Kapha-Pitta, by being provoked by self-provoking and also by reproduction of other defects and causing a majority of diseases,

Vata dosha is superior.4

Gridhrasi is also primarily due to Vata Dosha. Acharya Charak has described it with Samanyaj vikar as well as 80 types

of Vata nanatamaj Vikar.5,6

CLASSIFICATION OF GRIDHRASI –

Nirukti -

“पपपपप पप पपपपप पपपपपप पपप पपपपपपप”

(पपपपपप 3rd पपपप )

The name itself indicates the way of gait shown by the patient due to extreme pain just like a Griddha (Vulture)7

Symptoms -

“सससससस सससससस ससससससससससससससस सससस ससस ससससससस |

ससससससस सससससससससससससससससससससस सससससससस ससससस ||

सससससस सससससससस ससससससस ससससससससससससससससस |”

(स. सस . 28 / 56)

In Gridhrasi, intense shooting pain start from sphik pradesha and radiates downwards to kati, prusta, uru, janu, jangha and

pada in which the patient is unable to walk properly.

Acharyas have mainly made two distinctions of Gridhrasi - Vataj and Vatakaphaj.8

Vataj Gridhrasi –

“ससससससससस ससससससससस ससससससससस ससससससससस |

सससस ससससससससससससससस ससससससस सससससससस ससससस ||”

(सस. सस. 22 /55 )

1. Pricking pain

2. The typical posture of the leg / body

3. Stiffness and tingling sensation in the joints of waist, thigh and knee9

Vatakaphaj Gridhrasi –

“ससससससससससससससससससस सस ससससससससस ससससससससससससस |

ससससससस सससससससससससस ससससससससससससससस स ||”

(सस. सस. 22 /56 )

1. Poor appetite

2. Sleep (Drowsiness)

3. Excessive Salivation

4. Anorexia.10

MODERN VIEW-




The symptoms of Gridhrasi resembles like sciatica in modern medicine. The most common disorder which affects the

movement of leg particularly in most productive period of life is low back pain, In general an estimated 5%-10% of patients with low

back pain have Sciatica. The annual prevalence of disc related sciatica in the general population is estimated around 2.2%.11

Sciatica is pain in the lower extremity resulting from irritation of the sciatic nerve. The pain of sciatica radiates into the lower extremities

along with its posterior and lateral aspect, more or less comprising of the area of distribution of the sciatic nerve. Sciatica is not a single

disease entity but a symptom complex which can be caused by any one of the several diseases affecting the sciatic nerve or its roots.

However, among the galaxy of causative factors of Sciatica, prolapsed inter-vertebral disc and degenerative changes in vertebra are most

common.12

It is a term given to a painful condition, which commencing from the buttock and radiate to posterior surface

of the thigh, outer and posterior surface of the leg and outer side of the foot, more or less comprising of the area of distribution of great

sciatic nerve. This affection is often unilateral but may be occasionally bilateral also.

Anatomy and Physiology of Sciatic Nerve :-

The Sciatic nerve is the largest and longest nerve in the human body, around 2 cm in diameter. The nerve arises in

pelvis from the sacral plexus which is situated largely anterior to the pirifromis muscle of the sacrum and is formed by the ventral rami of

4th and 5th lumber(L4, L5) and 1st, 2nd and 3rd sacral(S1, S2, S3) spinal nerve.

The sciatic nerve thus formed, travels down the buttock and back of thigh and terminates above the popliteal fossa by

dividing into the tibial and the common peroneal nerve. Though the tibial and common peroneal nerves are bound together in the sciatic

nerve by a common sheath of connective tissue they are responsible right up to the sacral plexus because of their different root values.

Aetiology of Sciatica :-

Because of its peculiar course, length and distribution, the Sciatic nerve is more exposed to internal and external trauma and

inflammation than any other nerve. Sciatica is neuralgia in the distribution of sciatic nerve or to its component nerve roots.

Causes of Sciatica 13–

Degenerative causes – 1. Lumber Spondylosis.

2. Degenerative Spondylolisthesis.

Inflammatory causes -1. Osteoarthritis of Lumber spine.

2. Lumber Spondilitis.

3. Ankylosing Spondilits.

4. Rheumatoid Arthritis.

5. Tuberculosis of vertebral column.

Mechanical Pressure - 1. Rupture of inter-vertebral disc.

2. Degeneration of lumber disc.

3. Protrusion or herniation of lumber disc.

4. Neoplam of spinal cord, pelvic and lumber.

Traumatic Causes - 1. Injuries to lumbo-sacral spine.

2. Fracture of hip joint.

3. Fracture of vertebra.

4. Lumbo-sacral sprain / strain.

Congenital causes – 1. Spina bifida.

2. Spondylolisthesis.

Clinical feature –

Sciatica term commonly used to describe radicular pain along the sciatic nerve. The clinical features of Sciatica depend on the

nature of the underline cause or pathology. Sciatica does not have symptoms, but it is a symptom itself consisting of pain, tingling and

numbness – like feeling in the path of sciatica nerve. In most patients the pain are caused by prolapsed intervertebral disc. In some

patients the symptoms are produced by arthritis in sacroiliac joint or spine, spondylolisthesis, lumber canal stenosis that are commonly

seen.14




MATERIALS AND METHODS

AIMS & OBJECTIVE: -

1. Studies of Symptoms of Sciatica as prescribed in the Ayurvedic scriptures and the modern belief.

2. Evaluation of the work of Dwatrinshak Guggulu and Gridhrasihara oil.

3. Subjective study of bhautik upchar in Gridhrasi.

4. Relative studies of internal, external and bhautik upchar.

Need of Study -

At present, about 60-80% of the global population suffers from complaints of back pain in their lifetime. In developing

countries like India, this problem is also increasing rapidly. Because of which a person cannot perform his daily work smoothly. The

main reasons for this are:

1. At present, rapidly changing lifestyles,

2. The busiest routine,

3. Different types of social, business, mental stress,

4. Viruddhahar and vishamahar ,

5. Essential physical exercises for physical health are extremely low,

6. In this fashion era, women use high-angle sandals,

7. Most of the working people in the office, who work in the same situation for a long time,

8. People who have to work by standing for long periods, e.g. Traffic inspector, security guard, TTE, teacher etc. are suffering from the

problem of pain in the waist.

By ignoring waist pain and not applying proper treatment at the right time, it takes the form of a disorder. This disease is

termed as 'Gridhrasi' in Ayurveda, which is a major disorder under 'Vatavyadhi'.

Therefore, due to the changing lifestyle, due to the prevalence of the disease in the society, the hardships of the disorder and the

surgery in the modern medical science is the last resort, I have selected this disorder.

Basis of Medicine selection -

For the purpose of my research, 'Dwatrinshak Guggulu', described in 'Yoga Ratnakar' for internal medication, 'Ghridhrasihar oil' as

described in 'Brihat Nighantu Ratnakar' has been selected for external use.

The contents of Dwatrinsak Guggulu mentioned in Yogratnakar Vatvyadhi prakaran.15

Sr. No. Name Botanical Name Family Parts used Ratio

1. पपपपपप Terminalia chubula Retz. Combritaceae Phal 1 part

2. पपपपपपप Terminalia belerica Roxb. Combritaceae Phal 1 part 3. पपपपप Emblica officinalis Gaerth euphorbiaceae Phal 1 part 4. पपपपपप Zingiber officinale Rose. Scitaminaceae Shuskkand 1 part 5. पपपप Piper Nigrum Linn. Piperaceae Phal 1 part 6. पपपपपपप Piper longum Linn. Piperaceae Phal, mul 1 part 7. पपपपप Cyperus rotundus Linn. Cyperaceae Kand 1 part 8. पपपपप Embelia ribes Burm. Myrsinaceae Phal 1 part 9. पपपप Piper retrofractum Vahl. Piperaceae Mul, Phal 1 part 10. पपपपपप Plumbago zeylanica Linn. Plumbaginaceae Multwak 1 part 11. पपप Acorus calamus Linn. Araceae Mul, bhaumikkand 1 part 12. पपप Elettaria cardamomum Maton. Scitaminaceae Beej 1 part 13. पपपपपपपपपप Piper longum Linn. Piperaceae Phal, mul 1 part 14. पपपपप Juniperus communis Linn. Coniferae Phal 1 part 15. पपपपपपप Cedrus deodara (Roxb)Lo. Coniferae Kandsaar, tail 1 part 16. पपपपपपपप Zanthoxylum aramatum DC. Rutaceae Twacha, Phal 1 part 17. पपपपपप Inula racemosa Hook.F. Compositae Mul 1 part 18. पपपपप Saussurea lappa C.B.clarke Compositae Mul 1 part 19. पपपप Aconitum heterophyllum Wall. Ranunculaceae Mul 1 part 20. पपपपपपप Curcuma longa Linn. Scitaminaceae Kand 1 part 21. पपपपपपपपपपप Berberis aristata DC. Berberidaceae Phal,Mul, kand 1 part 22. पपपपपपपप Carum bulbocastanum Koch Umbelliferae Phal 1 part 23. पपपप Cuminum cyminum Linn. Umbelliferae Beej 1 part 24. पपपपपपप Cinnamomum tamala Nees Laureaceae Patrachurna 1 part 25. पपपपपपप Fagonia arabica Linn. Zygophyllaceae Panchang 1 part 26. पपपपपपप Black salt - - 1 part




27. पपपपपपपपपप - - - 1 part 28. पप पपपपप - - - 1 part 29. पपपपपपपपप Scindapsus officinalis Schoott Araceae Phal 1 part 30. पपपपपप Rock salt - - 1 part 31. पपपपपपपप Commiphora mukul Arn. Burseraceae Niryas 30 part

The contents of 'Ghridhrasihar oil' described in 'Brihat Nighantu Ratnakar' are:16

Sr. No. Name Botanical Name Family Parts used Ratio

1. पपपपपप Zingiber officinale Rose. Scitaminaceae Shuskkand 5 part

2. पपपपपपपपपप Piper longum Linn. Piperaceae Phal, mul 5 part

3. पपपपपप Plumbago zeylanica Linn. Plumbaginaceae Multwak 5 part

4. पपपपपपप Semicarpus anacardum Linn. Anacardiaceae Phal 2 part

5. पपपपपप पपप salt - - 2 part

6. पपपपप(पपपपप ) - - - 64 part

7. पपप(पपपपपप ) Sesamum indicum Linn. Pedaliaceae Beej,Tail 16 part

Bhautik upchar – Along with the medication yoga also plays great role for the management of this sciatic pain so I have decided to

instruct patients for the proper and regular yogasanas, like Tadasana, katichakrasana, Bhujangasana, uttanapadasana,

Pavanamuktasana etc. best for their conditions.

Their importance can be understood on the following basis:

1. Gridhrasi is predominantly Vatajanit vikar . There is also partial involvement of Kapha Dosha. Therefore, Ushna Virya drug

should be used primarily so that it may be capable of destroying vata and Kapha Dosha.

2. The constituents of both the selected drugs are predominantly Ushna Virya, from which they are capable of suppressing vata and

Kapha Dosha.

3. All components are accessible.

4. Any component matter is not questionable.

5. Guggulu has been used in the highest proof in Dwatrinshak Guggulu, while describing its properties, Acharya Vagbhatta has

described in A. S. Su 13 it is said to be the best Vatanashak dravya :-

‘सससससससससससससससससस ससससससस |’17

5. In modern medicine, Muscle Relaxants, NSAIDs, Corticosteroids and Physiotherapy are therapies that can reduce the symptoms of

the disease immediately but cannot cure it and finally the surgery itself remains the only way to the person. Along with this, Surgery has

its own nuisance.

In this way, it can be effective and cheap medicine for Gridhrasi, as well as prevent from surgery.

Conclusion:

On the basis of above emphasis, it may be concluded that Gridhrasi is such a painful condition in which patient cannot

sit or walk comfortably. Acharyas didn’t mention its nidan and samprapti separately in classical textbooks but it is clearly

mentioned in 80 types of vata nantmaj vyadhi by Acharya Charak. Clinicaly it is observed that Nidan of Vata vyadhi like ruksh,

sheet, alpa ahara, ratrijagran,visham upchar, dukh shayya, adhik vyayam,sukhpurvak na sona etc. are the common causes of

Gridhrasi. In Gridhrasi, there is mainly vata dosha invovlment ,with involvement of other doshas. For my research work I have

selected 'Dwatrinshak Guggulu', described in 'Yoga Ratnakar' for internal medication, 'Ghridhrasihar oil' as described in 'Brihat

Nighantu Ratnakar' has been selected for external use along with bhautik upchar. Selected both the drugs have mainly Ushna

virya and Vata-kapha nashak Guna,they also have deepan, pachan , vatanuloman and vedanasthapan property, so they will be

definitely helpful for the treatment of Gridhrasi at an economical cost to patient. So that they can live their lives happily.

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effect of dwatrinshak guggulu, gridhrasihar tail and

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