Early Reform

MovementsBy: Nicole Kormusis

What were the reform movements?

There were several reform movements in the late 1800’s and early 1900’s.

• Abolitionist• Women's rights movement• Education• Prison reform• Temperance movement

Abolitionist movement • Group of people who believed that slavery

was cruel and attempted to do anything to stop it.

William Lloyd Garrison

• He is best known as the editor of the abolitionist newspaper The Liberator.

• Also a voice for the women’s suffrage movement.

Harriet Beecher Stowe

• Famous for her novel Uncle Tom’s Cabin.• Traveled to DC to meet with Abraham Lincoln.

He addressed her with “so you are the little woman who wrote the book that started this great war.”

Fredrick Douglass• Escaped from slavery by impersonating a

sailor, and became a leader of the abolitionist movement.

Women's Rights Movement• Their position was inferior to men.• Could not vote and, if married, could not own

property or retain their own earnings.• It took women 50 more years to achieve

suffrage than it did African-American men.

Elizabeth Cady Stanton• Came up with the Declaration of Sentiments.• It was presented at the first women's right

convention held in 1848.• She and her husband were both abolitionists.

Seneca Falls Convention• The meeting was two days and six sessions,

and included a lecture on law, a humorous presentation, and multiple discussions about the role of women in society.

Education• Children were not getting a good enough

education.• Compulsory education was in every state by

1860. Led by Horace Mann.

Horace Mann• Was an education reformer• Believed that students need to be more

educated. • Helped build school for citizens.

Prison reforms• Many tiny cells where the prisoners lived and

worked alone.• Weren't allowed to talk or even look at other

inmates. • Prisoners gained certain privileges if they

worked hard.

Auburn System

• Prisoners worked during the day in groups and were kept in solitary confinement at night, with enforced silence at all times.

Temperance Movement• Wanted to ban alcohol.• This fountain was a belief that easy access to

cool drinking water would keep people from consuming alcohol.

Tompkins Square Park, New York City

Underground Railroad

• Network of secret routes and safe houses for black slaves to escape to free states.

• Harriet Tubman

1. The abolitionist movement, the women’s suffrage movement, and the 1960’s civil rights movement are all examples of reform efforts thata. succeeded without causing major controversy b. developed significant popular support c. achieved their goals without government action d. failed to affect the nation as a whole

2. What was the purpose of William Lloyd Garrison’s newspaper, The Liberator?a. Ban alcoholb. End Slaveryc. Enforce more educationd. End War

3. Who came up with the Declaration of Sentiments?a. William Lloyd Garrison b. Fredrick Douglassc. Elizabeth Cady Stantond. Harriet Beecher Stowe

4. In the period from 1890 to 1920, which development was the result of the other three?a. labor union agitation in response to unemployment b. Progressive Party plea for compulsory education c. public outcry following numerous industrial accidents d. passage of child labor laws by individual states

5. States with prohibition laws were known asa. Wet Statesb. Alcohol-free Statesc. Dry Statesd. Maine Law States