two notes on the london long scroll

1RWHV�DQG�&RPPXQLFDWLRQV$XWKRU�V��:��6RXWK�&REOLQ6RXUFH��%XOOHWLQ�RI�WKH�6FKRRO�RI�2ULHQWDO�DQG�$IULFDQ�6WXGLHV��8QLYHUVLW\�RI�/RQGRQ��9RO��1R��SS��3XEOLVKHG�E\��&DPEULGJH�8QLYHUVLW\�3UHVV�RQ�EHKDOI�RI�6FKRRO�RI�2ULHQWDO�DQG�$IULFDQ�6WXGLHV6WDEOH�85/��http://www.jstor.org/stable/620001 .$FFHVVHG��

Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at .http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp

.JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range ofcontent in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new formsof scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected].

.

Cambridge University Press and School of Oriental and African Studies are collaborating with JSTOR todigitize, preserve and extend access to Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University ofLondon.

http://www.jstor.org

This content downloaded from 128.255.6.125 on Thu, 29 Jan 2015 17:15:26 PMAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions

http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=cup

http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=soas

http://www.jstor.org/stable/620001?origin=JSTOR-pdf

http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp


NOTES AND COMMUNICATIONS TWO NOTES ON THE LONDON LONG SCROLL

Among the Dunhuang Tibetan texts held by the India Office Collection of the British Library is a very large scroll, catalogued as Ch. 9.11.17, and long recognized as a compendium of Tibeto-Chinese transcriptional texts. Following the practice of Walter Simon (1958), this document is now conventionally called the 'Long Scroll'. In earlier years several small portions of it were identified by Simon and others, but more recently Professor Tokio Takata has published a transcription of the entire text and reconstructed or identified almost all of it (Takata, 1993). Nevertheless, there remain portions of the manuscript which have not yet been restored, and these present a continuing challenge to those interested both in the Long Scroll and in Tibeto-Chinese transcriptions in general. The purpose of the present paper is to fill two such lacunae.

I Our first problematic passage comprises lines 73-83 of the recto side of the

scroll, which we reproduce in transcription below. Where our reading differs from that of Takata, his renderings are given in the notes and identified as 'T'. The inverted gi-gu is transcribed here as i, and the a-chen is marked as ?-. 73. //zi zhan 'mun / 'zil ?yu 'gyi/ / dzwa ting 'su 'byi pu hye khyung / 'zhi 'zhi

kwa'u he'u 'sim 74. bye 'she'u / byi 'bug ci 'sim 'bu kye ju / kha'~ 'gan kwan 'sim ?yi li bye / bye

li 'bu bye pu 'kyu jug / 75. 'tham yog the ze ?yi pu bye / /ju lib twan2 'gyam dzib hyi lun /dzib dzib pu

lib lib pu ywan / 76. 'ca' 'bag go 'pung 'ban 'ban3 chu/'zhib li 'bu ywan h'yen4 k'a hywan/cu

tshin 'zhu yi'u pu la'u tsen / 77. lyo yi'u dzi5 lib keg 'sim yw'an6/nyam nyam ci 'sim 'bu jeu7 gye /gyi'u

lib cin 'mun do 'tshi 78. 'chwan9/ 'he'i buao 'su 'syu 'gyi'u gu zu/ka'u 'phan 'ha' jam 'pu yua" 'shi / 79. 'jung zhi 'chog 'bug 'zheu'u ci gye/ci 'sim le'u le'u pu zhi'u'chin/'tsig

yi'u 'yu jYn12 80. tsig'3 y'u'4 tsung/'sim gyi 'shong wo pu ju

khung/y'im yim tam"5 dzyo da'u 'shu 'zh'i/'khyi yi16 'la'u17

'T 'd-zi: Between the letters '- and z in this word is found a partially formed segment of the Tibetan letter j. The scribe has apparently written part of the letter and then abandoned his effort and written z. This malformed letter has apparently been read by Takata as d. In fact, the scribe who produced the Long Scroll seems to have had difficulty distinguishing the Tibetan letters z from1/ and dz, and there are a number of examples of such false starts in the text.

T dwan. 3T null. 4 T 'hyen. ST z-dzi: Preceding z- has in fact been struck out by the scribe. 6 T "ywan. 7T kye. 8T ju. 9 T 'ywan. 'o T cu. " T yum. 12 T jin.

13 T tseg. 14 T yu. 15 T dam. 16 T yig. 17 T 'la'u.



NOTES AND COMMUNICATIONS 105

81. tsen 'zhu y'ig18 thung19/ /'ka'u 'gwa 'dze 'hyi ju 'phwab ?yin/'gwa'i 'si khan tshi'u20 dzi kwa'u

82. zhung /'sim ti'u hye 'gyam li 'zhu 'shyo21 /jan kyag 'jo 'myen 'dzib22 'hyi lun / 'bwa'23 'dab tab du ()24

83. 'zhi cin 'ju/khwyog zhi'u ci di'u 'phwan lu dzwar // This passage is closely related to a set of four poems found in a document in

the British Library's Stein collection of Dunhuang Chinese manuscripts and catalogued as S. 5809. The material was edited and published by Pachow (1965: 109-10), who also suggested certain emendations to the texts. The poems are reproduced below, together with those of Pachow's corrections which bear directly on our comparisons with the Long Scroll passage. Line numbers have been added for reference. Line 12 was apparently inadvertently left out of Pachow's version. It is only partially legible in our facsimile of S. 5809.

1. ,?~ItXW

3. PANR (H) nRqJFaM

5. 1Y TR: {T 6. )?tr-P?? 04216f 7. UE9i MQ1AiHAfT-C 8. 25?

ME]25n T;-,

9.A iwA 10. ,"N" 11.

%MC•,R(•) •• 12. rQ26

14. fH8qff A?WMU+

16. A#16 ,,A

17. f{:T# 4-t 18. A-Tl*-PAP 19.

"HW-TT 20. ZlT-f'IARM 21. /Z•• - 22. 1,V -L, T- fl' 23. {{5•I]P)t 24.

ff,* w_ A

25. T-, Zd O?ISMT 26. VR?#,MpN*is

18 T yig. '9 T thub. 20 T chi'u. 21 T 'sho. 22T 'jib. 23 T 'tha. 24 T at this point reads: khwyog zhi'u ci di'u 'phwan lu dzwar. However, this interlinear insert

belongs in the following line, where it appears in our transcription. 25 There is no space in the manuscript at this point, but grammar and prosody suggest that

one graph has been left out. 26 The left side of this graph is illegible.



106 NOTES AND COMMUNICATIONS

27. @~Et~ 28. -E@ 29. WM-M7 30. Tft~?(t 31. 7~F 32. +-~jFt 33.V IIfM 34.

•,, r

35. a~~LtVR 36. V Aq-T,* 37. , Vf Z0AA 38. A A•M W-AM 39. pftTEfl~f 40. A A@bP

,J,,. 41. ;t f?E 42.

•,•• R ?

The order of lines in the two versions is similar in some respects but differs in others. The following is our suggested restoration of the Chinese original underlying the Tibetan transcription. The bracketed numbers correspond to those we have assigned to the lines of the S. 5809 text above.

73. // zi zhan 'mun / 'zi ?yu 'gyi / /(1) dzwa ting 'su 'byi pu hye

khyung /(2) 'zhi 'zhi kwa'u he'u 'sim

74. bye 'she'u /(3) byi 'bug ci 'sim (5) 'bu kyeju /(4) kha'i 'gan kwan

'sim ?yi li bye /(5) bye li (= yi ?) 'bu bye pu 'kyu jug/

75. (8) 'tham yog the ze ?yi pu bye / / (35) ju lib twan 'gyam

'dzib hyi lun / (36) dzib dzib pu Iib lib pu ywan /

76. 'ca' 'bag go 'pung 'ban 'ban chu/(38) 'zhib li 'bu ywan hy'en k'a

hywan / (39) cu tshin 'zhu yi'u pu la'u tsen /

77. (40) lyo yi'u dzi lib keg 'sim yw'an /(41) nyam nyam ci 'sim 'bu

jeu gye /(42) gyi'u lib cin 'mun do 'tshi

78. 'chwan //(17) 'he'i bu 'su 'syu 'gyi'u gu zu /(18) ka'u 'phan 'ha'

jam 'pu yu'shi/

79. (19) 'jung zhi 'chog 'bug 'zheu'u ci gye/(20) ci 'sim le'u le'u pu zhi'u

'chin/(21) 'tsig yi'u 'yu jin • •j; ?•



NOTES AND COMMUNICATIONS 107

80. tsig y'u tsung / (22) 'sim gyi 'shong wo pu ju khung / (23) yim yim tam

dzyo da'u 'shu'zh'i / (24) 'khyi yi 'la'u

81. tsen 'zhu y'ig thung / /(9) 'ka'u 'gwa 'dze 'hyi ju 'phwab ?yin

/(10) 'gwa'i 'si khan tshi'u dzi kwa'u

82. zhung/(13) 'sim ti'u hye 'gyam li 'zhu 'shyo /(12) jan kyag 'jo 'myen

'dzib 'hyi lun /(15) 'bwa' 'dab tab du

83. 'zhi cin 'ju/(16) khwyog zhi'u ci di'u 'phwan lu dzwar//

Although we are able to reconstruct most of the passage, certain anomalies remain. For example, while dzib dzib in line 75 clearly corresponds to VV in the S. 5809 version, the graph V is transcribed elsewhere in the Long Scroll as 'dzyig (recto 44), 'jig (recto 83, 102), jig (recto 107, 108), 'jig (recto 108), etc. Likewise, #A, which corresponds to tsig in our passage, is elsewhere in the scroll rendered as cib (recto 193, verso 6). These discrepancies may indicate that the Chinese originals of the scroll texts had something other than V and A here.

II Our second passage is confined to line 44 of the verso side of the Long Scroll:

44. / / then di 'tshi ga'u / ta 'wun zhir zhe / byan 'shan lim ding / dzan 'than27 kung tig / le nyam zhan ?in / 'hwa'u 'shi yi'u dze / 'phu gyung28 zhe wur /

The latter portion of this line is similar in language to other parts of the scroll and can be easily reconstructed, as Professor Takata has in fact done. But the first part is more problematic. Fortunately, it corresponds in certain respects to the wording of a short poem found in P. 2066, a Chinese Dunhuang manuscript held by the Bibliotheque Nationale. This text has been reproduced in the Taisho Tripitaka, where it is found at T 2827.1244c 18-19:

We can accordingly restore the scroll text as follows: 44 / / then di 'tshi ga'u / ta 'wun zhir zhe / byan 'shan lim ding / dzan

'than kung tig / le nyam zhan ?in / 'hwa'u 'shi yi'u dze / 'phu gyung

zhe wur /

Professor Takata's important new study of the Long Scroll has made the majority of transcriptions in the text available to us; and, since the language of the scroll is at many points rather repetitive, it is probable that the undeciphered sections contain relatively little new transcriptional data. However, there are

27 T 'then. 28 T hyung.



108 NOTES AND COMMUNICATIONS

definitely still nuggets to be uncovered. For example, in line 82 of our first passage above we find the graph i, transcribed as Tibetan zhung. The modern pronunciations of this word are ying and y6ng, but the Qieyun UM• system lexica give for it a reading ]jwong (after Karlgren), a rare syllable type in that system. Our Long Scroll example indicates that such a reading, at the time probably actually pronounced *iu3, really was current in tenth- or eleventh- century Dunhuang. In closing, we may hope that continuing efforts will be made to elucidate the remaining unidentified parts of the scroll text.

W. SOUTH COBLIN University of Iowa

REFERENCES

Pachow, W. E'Sg. 1965. Dunhuang yunwen ji •ftt.

- ..

Gaoxiung. Simon, Walter. 1958. 'A note on Chinese texts in Tibetan transcription', BSOAS, xxI, 2: 334-3. Takata, Tokio A •ffi&. 1993. 'Chibetto moji shosha "Chaken" no kenkyfi (hombun hen)'

yf-'< Jb ]L.f

[ 1 ] 0o ('4h). TohJ gakuhJ5 * '?A 65, 3: 380-313

[pagination reversed in the original].



two notes on the london long scroll

Documents