technical - dtic
TRANSCRIPT
Ab-A^?^ 7/7
AD
TECHNICAL REPORT ARBRL-TR-02238
ROLE OF THE INSULATING LAYER FROM
Ti02-WAX LINER IN REDUCING
GUN TUBE WEAR
TECHNICAL J. Richard Ward LIBRARY
Timothy L Brosseau
April 1980
US ARMY ARMAMENT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT COMMAND BALLISTIC RESEARCH LABORATORY ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND, MARYLAND
Approved for public release; distribution unlimited.
Destroy this report when it is no longer needed. Do not return it to the originator.
Secondary distribution of this report by originating or sponsoring activity is prohibited.
Additional copies of this report may be obtained from the National Technical Information Service, U.S. Department of Commerce, Springfield, Virginia 22151. 5
The findings in this report are not to be construed as an official Department of the Army position, unless so designated by other authorized documents.
The uae of trade namea or manufooturers • names in this report does not constitute indsrsement of any aommeraial product.
UNCLASSIFIED
SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGE (When Data Entered)
REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE I. REPORT NUMBER
TECHNICAL REPORT ARBRL-TR-02238
2. GOVT ACCESSION NO
4. TITLE (and Subtltla)
ROLE OF THE INSULATING LAYER FROM TiO -WAX LINER IN REDUCING GUN TUBE WEAR
7. AUTHORO)
J. Richard Ward Timothy L. Brosseau
?t EERF.ORMINGORGANIZATipN NAME AND,. ADDRESS _ , U.S. Army Armament Researcn & Development Command U.S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory ATTN: DRDAR-BLP Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 M. CONTROLLING OFFICE NAME AND ADDRESS U.S. Army Armament Research & Development Command U.S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory ATTN: DRDAR-BL
erdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 #
READ INSTRUCTIONS BEFORE COMPLETING FORM
3. RECIPIENT'S CATALOG NUMBER
5. TYPE OF REPORT & PERIOD COVERED
Technical Report
6. PERFORMING ORG. REPORT NUMBER
8. CONTRACT OR GRANT NUMBERfs)
10. PROGRAM ELEMENT, PROJECT, TASK AREA & WORK UNIT NUMBERS
1L162618AH80
12. REPORT DATE
April 1980 13. NUMBER OF PAGES
56 «. MONITORING AGENCY NAME ft AODRESSfJ/ dlUatanl from Conlroltlni Otllca) 15. SECURITY CLASS, (ol thla report;
Unclassified 15«. DECLASSI FIG ATI ON/DOWN GRADING
SCHEDULE
16. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT (of thla Raport)
Approved for public release; distribution unlimited,
17. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT (ol tha abatract antarad In Block 30, II dlllarant from Raport)
IB. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
19. KEY WORDS (Continue on ravaraa alda II nacaaaary and identity by block number)
Barrel Erosion Gun Wear Swedish Additive Ti02-Wax
105 mm Tank. Cannon Gun Propellant
20* ABSTRACT (Conttaua ma raveram efA fl nacaaaary aad Identity by block number) imk/srf
Adoption of wear-reducing liners into the 105 mm M392 APDS projectile increased the wear life of the M68 cannon from 100 to 400 rounds for polyure- thane foam and 10,000 rounds for TiO -wax.
Heat transfer measurements on the M68 tank cannon concluded the additives reduced heat input and the efficiency of the TiO„-wax rested with the presence
(continued on reverse side)
DO/, '%*■* 1473 EDITION OF I NOV «S IS OBSOLETE UNCLASSIFIED
SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGE (When Data Entered)
UNCLASSIFIED SECURITY CLA»8IPICATI0M OF THIS PAOE(ll7i*n Data Snfnd)
20. ABSTRACT: (Cont'd)
of flaps and an insulating deposit formed with successive firings of Ti02-wax rounds. To test the hypothesis the insulating residue contributes to erosion- protection and to establish credibility of the heat transfer to design additives, a 1200-round firing test was conducted in which 600 APDS and 600 HEP rounds were fired alternately. Based on wear per round established for APDS and HEP rounds, one would have expected 0.19 mm of wear for the 1200 rounds. Instead, the 1200- round test produced 1.9 mm of wear establishing the importance of the insulating residue.
It was also observed the secondary wear increased for the alternate APDS- HEP round test. This confirms an earlier hypothesis that the secondary wear arises because the additive is not effective down bore.
The total wear of 1.9 mm was twice as much as predicted from a correlation between heat input and wear. It is postulated that the APDS round is more erosive when it is preceded by a low-velocity HEP round than by another APDS round. The extra erosivity of the APDS round is attributed to a thicker oxide layer left on the barrel by the HEP round.
UNCLASSIFIED SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGEfHTien Data Entered)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS a
I. INTRODUCTION 7
II. EXPERIMENTAL 14
III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 14
IV. CONCLUSIONS 20
REFERENCES 21
APPENDIX 23
DISTRIBUTION LIST 52
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
Figure page
1. Configuration of Wear-Reducing Additives 7
2. Erosion v_s Rounds Fired for APDS Rounds 8
3. Wear Profile for M68 Tank Cannon Firing APDS Rounds .... 9
4
10.
Heat Input vs^ Erosion for APDS Rounds n
5. Wear Profile for APDS Without Additive and With Polyurethane Foam 22
6. Percent Reduction in Wear Rate V£ Distance from RFT .... 13
7. Erosion vs_ Rounds Fired for APDS Rounds Including APDS-HEP Series w
8. Erosion vs_ Distance Measured from RFT for APDS Rounds With Additives . 17
9. Wear Profile for the M68 Tank Cannon for APDS Rounds With Secondary Wear -^
Correlation Between Wear and Heat Input for APDS Rounds With Additives in
I. INTRODUCTION
The only advance in barrel wear reduction since the Second World War work on erosion1 has been the wear-reducing liner. The original wear- reducing liner was invented in Canada^ and is composed of a high-density polyurethane foam glued to the wall of a cartridge case. Soon after the US adopted the polyurethane foam in high-velocity tank guns, Swedish inventors devised a liner made from a 45/55 percent by weight blend of Ti02 and paraffin wax3. The Swedish also modified the configuration of the liner by cutting flaps that were folded over the propellant at the projectile base. Figure 1 depicts each liner in the 105 mm M115B1 cartridge case to illustrate how the liners are loaded and to show the flaps the Swedish inventors devised.
STANDARD POLYURETHANE LINER
1. LARGE POLYURETHANE (.087 kg) 2. SMALL POLYURETHANE (.027 kg) 3. GLUED
STANDARD TiCyWAX LINER
1. TiOs/WAX WITH FLAPS (.141kg)
Figure 1. Configuration of Wear-Reducing Additives
"HypevveloGity Guns and the Control of Gun Erosion", Summary Technical Report of Division 1, NDBC, Volume I3 Washington, DC, 1946.
2 JL. A. Dickinson and D. E. McLennan, "Improvement of the Firing Accuracy and Cost Effectiveness of Guns Through the Use of Urethane Foams", J. Cellular Plastics, 1968, 184 (1968).
'S. Y. Ek and D. E. Jacobsen, "Engineering Study of Barrel Wear-Reducing Additives", Wegematic Corporation Report, Part A, May 1962.
The relative performance of the two additives is shown in Figures 2 and 3. Polyurethane foam increased the wear life from 100 to 400 rounds4; the Swedish additive yielded a wear life of 10,000 rounds5. In addition, the Swedish additive provided better downbore protection, especially at the region of secondary wear seen in Figure 3 with polyurethane foam.
The surprising difference between the polyurethane foam liner and the Swedish additive prompted work to discover why the Swedish additive was so effective. Two differences were evident, the flaps and the metal oxide, Ti02, which might form an insulating residue. This speculation arose from the APG tests with Swedish additive in which a residue composed mainly of Ti02 was removed from the M68 cannon and analyzed. Table I compares Swedish additive and the residue.
0
M392A2
M392A2 (Ti02 WAX)
100 200 300 400 APD5 ROUNDS FIRED
500 600
Figure 2. Erosion vs Rounds Fired for APDS Rounds
R. Wolffs "Reduction of Gun Erosion - Part I. Laminar Coolant", Piaatinny Arsenal Technical Report No. 3069, May 1963.
R. 0. Wolff, "Reduction of Gun Erosion Part II. Barrel Wear-Reducing Additive", Picatinny Arsenal Technical Report No. 3096, August 1963.
CO o CO CN
^~^ i
—-* LU 1 1 z < —J
o o
z < X 1- LU
X
i /
u 3 >-
v. CM
/
o —J
o o / ■ z ex. f- /
■
•—' '—' *—~ i . ^_ CM CM < < < i " CM CM CM i / o- O^ ^ i / - CO CO CO i $ $ 5 I / ( .
i CO to to / /I -
Q Q Q / // a. a. QL / /1 ■
< < < / / / -
to CO CO / / / •
a Q Q / / / C£ Q^ Of j / /
hs CM u-) j / / - K CO CM / / i "
"* o o / J / / ■
@ @ Q 1 y / -
®/ \@
1 1
-
1 1 i •
o CM
UO 2 ^ O
uj:)'aNVl 1VDIiy3A NO yV3M 9
CO 00 •■""
CO K r—
CO o '—
(N to T3
|0 d 3 O
CM OO Q
^ <
E u
CM S_
CO h-" Lu
U- C a: o
CM ^ 03 CM LU C_)
U -^ z C iti
CM < H
\— OO fmm to <x>
2: Q s-
CM f o cu
O s-
^^^ c>
n3 CU 3
f—.
00 •
CO
<u i- 3 cn
Table I. Composition of Swedish Additive and Bore Residue Recovered from Gun Firing Swedish Additive
Swedish Additive, percent by weight Residue, percent by weight
Ti02 46.0 Ti02 77.4
Wax 53.5 Wax 7.1
Dacron Staple 0,5 Silica 2.6
Stearyl Alcohol [1.0 maximum) Inorganic Residue 7.7
Cloth: Viscose Rayon Organic Residue 5.2
Change in heat input to the barrel was the technique applied to discern factors influencing the efficiency of the additives. Brosseau and Ward noted in the 37 mm gun6 that the flaps enhanced the efficiency of the polyurethane foam and the Ti02-wax liner. When both liners were placed in the same configuration, heat input was equivalent. To separate any influence of bore residue, a "clean-out" round, i.e., a round with no additive, was fired after each round loaded with Ti02-wax. Calspan investigators^ showed an insulating deposit was forming in the eight- inch M201 cannon when successive shots were fired with Ti02-wax additive. Brosseau and Ward8.9 extended this to the 105 mm tank cannon. They showed that the flaps enhanced heat input reduction for the polyurethane foam and the Ti02-wax liner; they also fired Ti02-wax rounds successively until a minimum heat input was reached. The results are summarized in Table II. Figure 4 plots heat input vs^ wear which suggests the insulating residue is the principal factor contributing to the 10,000-round wear life for Swedish additive.
T. L. Brosseau and J. R. Ward, "Reduction of Heat Transfer to Gun Barrels by Wear-Reducing Additives", BRL Memorandum Report No. 2464, March 1975. (AD#B003850L)
7 F.A. VassallOj "Heating and Erosion Techniques Applied to the Eight- Inch Howitzer", 12th JANNAF Combustion Meeting, Volume I, CVIA Publication 27S, December 1975.
Q
T. L. Brosseau and J. R. Ward, "Reduction of Heat Transfer in the 105 mm Tank Gun by Wear-Reducing Additives", BRL Memorandum Report No. 2698, November 1976. (AD#B015308L)
9 T. L. Brosseau and J. R. Ward, "Measurement of Heat Input into the 105 mm M68 Tank Cannon Firing Rounds Equipped with Wear-Reducing Additives", BRL Technical Report 2056, April 1978. (AD#A056368)
10
Parallel to the conduct of the heat input experiments, Army attention focused on the cause of the secondary wear. The accuracy of the armor piercing, discarding sabot round was affected adversely by the secondary wear with the result being the condemnation limit was dropped for the M68 tank cannon from 1.9 mm to 1.4 mm wear. Ward deduced that the secondary wear was caused by the reduced efficiency of the
Table II. Correlation Between Heat Transfer and Erosion in the 105 mm Tank Gun Firing the M392 Projectile
Additive Heat Input, J/mm Erosion, pm/round Reference
None 449 18 4
Polyurethane 416 4.1 4
Ti02-wax (flaps)- 381 -- --
single-shot
Ti02-wax (flaps) 348 0.18 5
repetitive fire
*Heat input measurements described in reference 9.
20
O to
E
Z o CO
O LU
10
oL 100 200 300 400
HEAT INPUT, J/mm 500
Figure 4. Heat Input vs_ Erosion for APDS Rounds
n
additive downbore . Figure 5 compares the wear per round in the M68 cannon firing rounds without additive and polyurethane foam. The polyurethane foam is most effective at the commencement of rifling, but the efficiency drops downbore leading to the secondary wear peak. Figure 6 plots percent wear reduction v_s distance to illustrate this point. The secondary wear is present with the TiC^-wax liner, but it is not a concern because the wear rate downbore is so slow as evidenced by Figure 3 that the 1,000 EFC rounds the M68 can fire before condemned for fatigue is reached long before the secondary wear poses a problem. Brosseau and Ward showed successive firing of Ti02-wax rounds reduced heat input downbore as well8. Hence, the secondary wear should be much worse in the M68 tank cannon firing Ti02-wax rounds if the residue does not form. Since the Ti02-wax round with flaps is still better than polyurethane foam, the secondary wear for Ti0--wax, no insulating residue, should be less than polyurethane foam, but worse than repeated firings with TiO^-wax.
The foregoing discussion has shown that if one could measure the erosivity of Ti02-wax without the insulating layer, one could test the hypotheses derived from heat input measurements, namely
a. the wear predicted based on the heat transfer correlation will be 0.8 ym/round and,
b. the secondary wear will be more severe when the insulating residue doesn't form.
E ^ =1 0 o M392A1
'RO
UN
D,
o
® M392A2
0 o o
Z o to O a: LU
n
o
®e ® ® ®
1 1
0
®
1
o ®
1
8 8 1 i 1 ,8 ,
70 90 110 130 DISTANCE ALONG BARREL , cm, FROM RFT
Figure 5. Wear Profile for APDS Without Additive and With Polyurethane Foam
150
10 J. R. Ward, "Proposed Mechanism for Secondary Wear in the M68 Tank Cannon", BEL Memorandum Report No. 25573 November 1975. (AD#B008040L)
12
o
CM o c
10
E o
o uj U Z
o ^ oo (7)
r5
•o
51 oi
c o ,(r_
o T3 OJ a:
<u
a) Q.
O o o o o CO
o CM
-JL_
o
NoiiDnaaa avaM %
13
To measure the erosion without the residue, one need only continue repeating the sequence TiC^-wax APDS round followed by a HEP round until measurable wear takes place. This report summarizes the results of such a test.
II. EXPERIMENTAL
The test was done with standard 105 mm M392A2 projectiles and M467 target-practice projectiles as the clean-out rounds. The firings were performed under the auspices of Clyde Musick of the Materiel Testing Directorate (MTD), Aberdeen Proving Ground. The MTD report11 covers ammunition lots used, firing schedule, and muzzle velocity and chamber pressure taken at the start of the test for each round.
The M68 cannon had fired previously twenty rounds during sabot- development testing. An in-bore malfunction damaged lands downbore during the sabot tests; the damaged region (3.886 to 5.105 mm RFT) was well past the region where the augmented bore erosion was postulated to occur.
III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The individual stargauge reports are collected in the Appendix. Table III summarizes vertical land wear at 641.4 mm RFT (25.25 inches)
Tabl e III. Vertical Land Wear at 641 .4 mm RFT vs Rounc
Tube Rd No, Test Rd No , Diamet Wear, :
er mm Wear, mm
20 0 0,13 0
120 100 0,20 0.07
320 300 0.46 0.33
380 360 0.58 0.45
540 520 0.86 0.73
620 600 0.84 0.71
720 700 1.02 0,89
820 800 1.04 0,91
920 900 1.17 1,04
1220 1200 1.37 1.24
11 C. Muszak} MTD Report in preparation.
14
Since six hundred HEP rounds should produce only 0.08 mm (3 mils) wear, the preponderance of wear in the test is due to the APDS round without the benefit of the insulating residue. Shown in Figure 7 are curves comparing the erosion caused by the APDS round minus the insulating residue, the APDS round with no additive (M392A1), the APDS round with polyurethane foam (M392A2), and the APDS round with Ti02 wax. As predicted from the heat transfer measurements, the round with polyurethane foam still produces more wear than the APDS round with Ti02-wax flaps without insu- lating residue. A corollary to this observation is that placing flaps on polyurethane foam will decrease erosion, but the polyurethane foam will never provide the protection afforded by repeated firings of rounds with Ti02-wax additive.
The downbore wear produced by the 1200 APDS and HEP rounds is illustrated in Figures 8 and 9 along with wear profiles for the APDS round without additive and with the two standard additives. As anticipated, the secondary wear is greater when the insulating residue is removed providing credence to the earlier hypothesis10 that secondary wear is related to the relative effectiveness of the wear-reducing additive. Again, the secondary wear for the combination APDS-HEP rounds is still less than the secondary wear for the APDS round with polyurethane foam.
Although the wear for the APDS-HEP round is still less than the APDS round with polyurethane foam, the wear for the APDS round inferred from heat transfer vs wear in Figure 4 would be 0.9 ym/round. On the basis that the wear from the APDS and HEP round can be decoupled, the APDS wear is 1,16 mm in 600 rounds after subtracting the 0.08 mm wear for 600 HEP rounds. This is a wear of 1.9 pm/round, considerably higher than the 0.9 pm/round from the heat transfer correlation and well outside the error for the other three points. This can be further illustrated from a semi-log plot of wear vs heat input in Figure 10 where one sees the 1.9 ym/round for the 381 J/mm heat input of the APDS (Ti02-wax) with no insulating residue falls well outside the correlation for the other three points.
An alternate explanation is that the wear for the APDS and HEP rounds cannot be decoupled. Instead, the wear for the 1200 alternating APDS-HEP rounds is more severe than the total expected from 600 HEP and 600 APDS eliminating the insulating residue. Some evidence for such synergism is found in experiments by Niiler and co-workers on the oxygen concentration profile on steel exposed to combustion gases13'^
12 L. R, Neallt/s "Development and Engineering Tests of Cartridge, 105 mm, M393E1, HEP-T and TP-T"t DPS Report No. 46Z3 June 1962.
12 A. Niiler, J. E. Youngblood, S. E. Caldwell, and T. J. Roak, "An Aoaelerator Technique for the Study of Ballistic Surfaces", BRL Report No. 1815, August 1975. (AD#A016899)
14 A. Niiler and R. Birhnire, "Composition Changes in Gun Steel Surfaces Due to Erosive Vropellant Bum", Proceedings of the Tri- Service Gun Tube Wear and Erosion Symposium, Dover, NJ, March 1977.
15
00
'I—
S- QJ
I oo Q Q-
cn
o
(^ -a c
to Q
O 4-
-a cu
XJ
s on >
oo o s-
l1"1") 'Noisoyg
CD
cn •r-
16
00
>
-a ■a
00 -a 3 O
oc
Q Q. <
o
E o i-
T3
s- =3 00 n3
01 u c id
> C o CO
O s_
CO
OJ
(UJUJ) 'Noisoya
17
rd 0)
(QNnoa/1"^) 3iva Noisoag
-o c o u
+-> •r—
2
-a
o QC
oo a
< 5- O
o
03
re
co
ai
s- o
a;
o s-
QL
s- ra
cn 0)
en
Q CJ/M.)
Figure 10. Correlation Between Wear and Heat Input for APDS Rounds with Additives
19
Table IV summarizes results for propellants with three flame temperatures, One sees the propellant with the higher flame temperature and concomitant higher wear also has the lower oxygen content left on the steel nozzle. This suggests the oxide layer is not as resistant to the hot, flowing gases as steel, since the M2 propellant gases should be as oxidizing as the gases from Ml propellant. Firing a HEP round with Ml propellant may condition the barrel so the next round with M30 propellant will produce more wear than when only rounds with M30 are fired. To demon- strate this conclusively, one need fire rounds without the complication from the insulating residue. Such a combination might be alternate firings of APDS rounds with polyurethane foam and HEP rounds.
Table IV. Oxygen Concentration Profiles on Steel Exposed to Propellants with Different Flame Temperatures
2 -1 fi Oxygen, atoms/cm , x 10
9
17
34
IV. CONCLUSIONS
1. The superiority of the Ti02-wax liner vs the polyurethane liner in the M392A2 APDS projectile arises from the deposition of an insulating residue on the bore surface as well as the presence of flaps on the TiCL-wax liner.
2. The heat transferred to the gun barrel can be used to infer the relative efficiency of a wear-reducing additive.
3. Secondary wear with the M392A2 projectile increased dramatically when the insulating layer was not allowed to form. This suggests secondary wear arises from the relative efficiency of the wear-reducing additive at the commencement of rifling vs^ downbore protection.
4. The wear from an APDS round appears higher if the APDS round is preceded by a HEP round than by another APDS round.
Propellant Flame Temperature, K
M2 3375
M30 2994
Ml 2480
20
REFERENCES
1. "Hypervelocity Guns and the Control of Gun Erosion", Summary Technical Report of Division 1, NDRC, Volume I, Washington, DC, 1946.
2. L. A. Dickinson and D. E. McLennan, "Improvement of the Firing Accuracy and Cost Effectiveness of Guns Through the Use of Urethane Foams", J. Cellular Plastics, 1968, 184 (1968).
3. S. Y. Ek and D. E. Jacobsen, "Engineering Study of Barrel Wear-Reducing Additives", Wegematic Corporation Report, Part A, May 1962.
4. R. Wolff, "Reduction of Gun Erosion - Part I. Laminar Coolant", Picatinny Arsenal Technical Report No. 3069, May 1963.
5. R, 0. Wolff, "Reduction of Gun Erosion - Part II. Barrel Wear-Reducing Additive", Picatinny Arsenal Technical Report No. 3096, August 1963.
6. T. L, Brosseau and J. R. Ward, "Reduction of Heat Transfer to Gun Barrels by Wear-Reducing Additives", BRL Memorandum Report No. 2464, March 1975.(AD#B003850L)
7. F. A, Vassallo, "Heating and Erosion Techniques Applied to the Eight- Inch Howitzer", 12th JANNAF Combustion Meeting, Volume 1, CP1A Publication 273, December 1975.
8. T. L. Brosseau and J. R. Ward, "Reduction of Heat Transfer in the 105 mm Tank Gun by Wear-Reducing Additives", BRL Memorandum Report No. 2698, November 1976. (AD#B015308L)
9. T. L. Brosseau and J. R. Ward, "Measurement of Heat Input into the 105 mm M68 Tank Cannon Firing Rounds Equipped with Wear-Reducing Additives", BRL Technical Report 2056, April 1978. (AD#A056368)
10. J. R. Ward, "Proposed Mechanism for Secondary Wear in the M68 Tank Cannon", BRL Memorandum Report No. 2557, November 1975.(AD#B008040L)
11. C. Musick, MTD, report in preparation.
12. L. R. Neally, "Development and Engineering Tests of Cartridge, 105 mm, M393E1, HEP-T and TP-T", DPS Report No. 463, June 1962.
13. A. Niiler, J, E. Youngblood, S. E. Caldwell, and T. J. Rock, "An Accelerator Technique for the Study of Ballistic Surfaces", BRL Report No. 1815, August 1975. (AD#A016899)
14. A. Niiler and R. Birkmire, "Composition Changes in Gun Steel Surfaces Due to Erosive Propellant Burn", Proceedings of the Tri-Service Gun Tube Wear and Erosion Symposium, Dover, NJ, March 1977.
21
APPENDIX
STARGAUGE MEASUREMENTS
23
■ ENGINEERING MEASUREMENTS AND ANALYSIS DIVISION PHYSICAL TEST BRANCH REPORT
NO. 77-L-63
STEAP-MT-G Date of Test: 26 Sep 77
Title Measurements of 105 MM, M68 Cannon Tube SN 24850 (Special)
TECOM Project Title Product Improvement Test Cartridge, 105 MM, M735
TECOM Project No. l-MU-001-735-008 W. 0. No. 445-92777-93
Conducted for Mr. Ruff, Artillery Ammo Br
Reference TM 9-1000-202-14, MP 750-1
OBJECT OF TEST:
To inspect and identify those conditions which may ballistically effect the cannon tube operation or personnel safety in accordance with TM 9-1000-202-14.
INTRODUCTION:
105 mm M68 cannon tube SN 24850 (Special) after firing 20 rounds was submitted for determination of its physical characteristics,
PROCEDURE:
1. Chamber, Bore and Rifling Diametrical Measurements:
a. The chamber and centering cylinder were diametrically measured using a vernier stargage equipped with a 120° spaced three point measuring headt The gage vernier was adjusted to coincide with a 5.000-inch (127.00 mm) ring gage for the area between .10 inches (2.50 mm) and 18.40 inches (467.36 mm) from rear face of tube (RFT) and a 4.400-inch (111.76 mm) ring gage for the area between 21.85 inches (554.99 mm) and 24.05 inches (610.87 \:m) from RFT. The measurements were taken with the points in a 2-6-10 o'ci-ock position and again with the points' in a 4-8-12 o'clock position. The vernier stargage measurements added to the respective ring gage diameters were taken to be the actual diameters of the chamber.
b. The main bore was diametrically measured using a vernier star- gage equipped with a four point head having two measuring points spaced 180° apart. The gage vernier was first adjusted to coincide with a 4.134-inch (105.00 mm) ring gage for measurements across the bore and secondly to coincide with a 4.224-inch (107.29 mm) ring gage for measurements across the rifling between 25.10 inches (637.54 mm) and 210.25 inches (5340.35 mm) from RFT. The measuring points were locked into position, using a guide plate at the muzzle, in such a manner that by following the rifling twist to the commencement of rifling the measuring points were located in a 12-6 o'clock position for the measurements, in turn, across the vertical bore and
24
STEAP-MT-G Report No. 77-L-63 Sheet 2 of j__
rifling. The measuring points were then rotated 90° from the vertical position at the muzzle and by following the same procedure as previously outlined the measuring points were located in a 3-9 o'clock position for the measurements, in turn, across the horizontal bore and rifling. The variations from the basic diameters were shown on the gage vernier in +.001-inch (.0254 mm) increments.
c. The bore diameter was measured in a vertical and horizontal plane at 25.25 inches (641. 35- mm) from RFT using a 105-mm pullover vernier gage having a basic diameter of 4.134 inches (105.00 mm).
2. Detection of Defects:
The complete bore was visually inspected using a white light bore- scope to observe for heat checking, erosion, scoring, damage, cracks, and/or other defects.
TEST RESULTS:
1. Chamber, centering cylinder and main bore .10 inch (2.50 mm) to . 210.25 inches (5340.35 mm) from RFT.
a. The chamber, .10 inch (2.50 mm) to 18.40 inches (467.36 mm) from RFT and centering cylinder 21.85 inches (554.99 mm) to 24.05 inches (610.87 mm) from RFT, measurements are shown in Appendix I.
b. The main bore measurements 25.10 inches (637.54 mm) to 210.25 inches (5340.35 mm) from RFT are shown in-Appendix I.
2. Pullover vernier gage measurements 25.25 inches (641. 35 mm) from RFT.
a. The pullover vernier gage measurement 25.25 inches (641. 35 mm) from RFT showed a bore diameter of 4.141 inches (105.18 mm) vertically and 4.140 inches (105.16 mm) horizontally.
b. The vertical measurement at 25.25 inches (641.35 mm) from RFT as compared to the 105 mm M68 wear pattern chart (life remaining) showed a remaining wear life of 93%.
3. White Light Borescope.
Complete borescope remarks are shown in Appendix I.
CONCLUSIONS:
1. Stargage Measurements:
a. The chamber and centering cylinder measurements showed a normal diameter for a 105 mm M68 cannon tube.
25
STEAP-MT-G Report No. 77-L-63 Sheet 3 of 3__
b. The main bore measurements showed a normal wear pattern for a 105. mm M68 cannon tube between 25.10 inches (637.54 mm) and 60 inches (1524 mm) from RFT. The measurements of both the bore and rifling between 60 inches (1524 mm) and the muzzle showed enlargement indicating scoring and abrasive wear,
2. White Light Borescoping:
The tube contained damages to the rifling between 153 inches (3886.20 mm) and 201 inches (5105.40 mm) from RFT. These damages consist of rifling stripped and flattened. The damages in conjunction with the irregular scoring and abrasive wear would adversely affect the obturation of any type of projectile fired and thus adversely affect the ballistic operation of the tube and the safety of operating personnel. It is therefore declared "Hazardous" and stencilled in accordance with MP 750-1.
1 Incl Appendix I - Chamber, Bore and Rifling Measurements Data and Borescope
Remarks
SUBMITTED:
C\ 4'
J. V. MCWILLIAMS, III Measurements Section
REVIEWED;
K. A. JONES Chief Measurements Section
APPROVED: >^ /
mu m fc>
R. L. HUDDLESTON Chief Physical Test Branc :h
26
STEAP-MT-G Report Mo. 77-L- Slieet I of 3
63
Table 1, 105 MM M68 Cannon Tube SF 2A850 (Special) Chamber Diametrical Measurements after 20 Rounds
GtUGt MySUjtMtllTj IKOICATtO IN 1/1000 OF M IKCH
APPENDIX I
27
STEAP-MT-G Report No. 77-T-63 Sheet 2 of 3
Table 2. 105 MM M68 Cannon Tube SN 24850 (Special) Bore Diametrical Measurements after 20 Rounds
Al'PENDTX I 23
STEAP-MT-G
Table 3,
Report No. 77-L-63 S he e t 3 o f 3
105 MM M68 Cannon Tube 5H 24850 (Special) Borescope Remarks after 20 Rounds ■
not measured. Borescopedi (Not Chrome Plated) Light scratches, stains, carbon and other depoalta thru-out chamber and
ma^n be re.—Bg PieZQ RRgg holes drlUed in chamber. One at 1/..37" from rr.^r face Of tubfl In t.hfl 1QtQQ n'cloek arfta imci on» at 20*^!! from rBFT) in thfl Zl2Q o'clgck ^r9a« LiRht erogion and scoring encircling both holes. Two piezo gage holes drilled in bore. One at 28" (itFT) in the 10:00 o'clock ar<?a and one at 38" (RFT) in the 2;30 o'clock area. Light heat checking on
edgftB whRm hnlpn arn riHIIpd thm the Inndn. Light heat chacklng fnrlruling non-rifled portion of forcing cone and extending fojvard to 60" from (RFT). Any further heat checking obscured by carbon depoaito. Very lip.ht eroaion encircling forcing cone area. Edpes of lands lightly rounded to 75" frem IfiElL—Moderate erosion a.nd acorin? gncircling bore evacuator holea. T'.ihp contains damage to 18 lands in the 11;00 o'clock area between 153" and 201" from (HFT).—Daraapew ronaiat of lantla-haing attlpped And tiattanecL Tube r^ CQntalna...mQdflrftt.B acorlnr and abraFiive year on lands and in thfl gmoven between 60" from (RFT^ and thfl nmszle.
29
APPENDIX I
OEIsSII
^acJu— ZIHQXL. vert, i toE (
STEAP-MT Form 106G, 1 Aug 75 (Replaces STEAP-MT Form 106, 7 Dec 71 which may be used)
QISUMCt (Inchtt)
UAP FACE If »REECM
MUZZLE FACE
• RCA!) FACE
OF TUOE
32.0^ 21,00 30.00 2?.85
26.)iO 26. OQ 2ii.00 22.00 2a»Qa
I86.h5 167.^0 168.^0 I88t65
Tioi 105 MK Tuba M68
z_
iktoi 13.^0. 22.00
192.10 192.5a I9U.50 12^50
16.00 16.00 iJi*i2Q_
6.5Q .8.21 JL1Q_
12fl«SQ. 200.50 201*50. 22iuSfi-
2Q2B5Q- 210.^0 210.25 2iQJ*a
21,85
I8.I1O
16.00 J-h.OQ 12.00 10.00 -8^10. ^QO.
l.QQ
... CHAKBER
BASIC DIAUETER
ZERO
li.lil6
Ui2L ym ,U,,k3i
h*m l8^QQ_i;.985
5.025 5x061 5*101 ZsM laei 5.225
ASQ. ^21 J^L
5U21 5^31 LJLQ 5x31x3
-r •*
• l/>
GAUGEUUSmnEliTS U.OICATED IN 1/1O0O Or All INC;I Wmxri' tAUSE
RCAOINt ACTUAL
DIAKETEn OIFI'CREHCE
QAUGC REACUS
J&WklVl T ACTUAL
OUUETE* OIPFESiliCJ
s f iTT7I~K.«il^SB Vi
*" o
Is
M -A.
8
Ti 23
C".
0 *3 O.
">
i c
CQ 4
•si
TOTAL LENGTH OF GUN 218.50" ACTUAL StilC
ROTATION OF TU8E AT SRCECH
TOTAL LENGTH OF TUBE 210;50" t:OvmWT OF TUBE AT CREECH
DEPTH OF BREECH IUCES5 O.OO" NUBaER OF LJNOS AHD GRCOVES 28 ^8 Inspection Rejiarks; Areas from IB^O^J-Q ?T1 ^7,5" and 2/,..17 to 2/!.,9/'." .vfere _
Rorescor.ed: (Hot. Chrome Platod) No appreciable changes noted at this t.irne. Iiainarcs ment.i.orcd in
boroscone remarks dated ?.6 Sent. 77 remain essontiallv the gafflg v.'j.th the exception of sham ed^es beinrr smoothed over by additional rounds.
STAWED
RODMAII (^n-L-gy3
RErORO£R
ASGAUSED UO IMSrf. F.CTE0 BY
TIME
I^^ZS"
REVIESTEB ST
CCII?ILtTC»
CRAPKEu BY
31
105 m Tubef , Main Rare -■.?).[.91!'' tnPin^n-'
Rear Face [^^aMfBiametw l..?^."^^^^.
STEAP- MT Form 106G, 1 Aug 75 (Replaces STEAP-MT Form 106, 7 Dec 71 which may be used)
32
ISTKty: OIST
REAR FACE 3F giCECH
E (InoMiiT
NUZZLE MCE
32,0$ U.QO 10.00 29.flg
26.hO 26.OQ 2h.00 22.00 2Q.QQ 18.00 16.00 HuQQ. 12.00 10*00.
9.00 e.^o .a,^ JLoa
186^ 187.$0 ;88tgo I88t6$
192.10 192.^0 i?h'5o 196.^0
FKOH/ XT
KEAI FACE OF TUBE
2k, og 23.00 22.00 21,8g
Ig.liO
16.00
198.^0 200.^0 2Q2.^Q 2Qk.^0 206. ^Q. 206.50 202^.a 210.^50. 210.2g 2iaJiQ.
Hi.00 12.00 10.00 -a*fi£L 6.X)0 li.OO 2.QQ l.QQ ^50. _t2l ^10.
IQg MM Tubo M68 CHAMBER
IASIC OIAMETEA
li.lil6 Ui21 kshlL iuiiai 14.977 luSfil 5.025 5.06$ 5.105 5.ili5 5.185 5.225 5.265 5.1Q5 5.125 5.335 JtM 5..3li3
ZEKO
u\
GAUGE MtASU.IHEKTS I II JICATEQ IK II lOQOiT AW I IC H
«AUGC READINt
±£mM.M in 3£
iT^?
_a3a 5510 3^ J.2£> I 338 JHfi £33g
ii^EMI? ACTUAL
DIAMETER
Ma
^.COB
:£2a ^S ^S
OlFFERENCt
^Ool
3 E^Qg
SAUSE REAOINS
ton ^a ±2 ̂
0
_QS
3^,0^ $
^ s 3 s-
s -Oil
IM
lr H
ss
SI^£;£55A
Si JS:
ACTUAL OIAHCTER OlFFEnEUCE
bLiia ■ HSii
1 To H^d
33Sa a
=£1025
:O^I il 3.
-frPa^
LQSSa 3J
o
JJd TT
"M SS :^£
:^3: >:iy^,
3 Si S 3
3 a
5laS£m5
TTmTrrnsDifCFsrfr TOT«L LENGTH OF GUM 218.50" ROTATION OF TUBE AT BREECN
Go Cj.
ft
O
w &
-I
Is TOTAt LENGTH OF TUBE 210.50" SUQ-go MOVEMENT OF TUBE »T BAEECH
DEFTH OF BREECM RECESS 8.00" NUMBER OF LANDS ANO GROOVES 28 £& Inspection Remarks; Areas from 18.50" to 21.75" and 2/t.17 to ZU,9Un wera not measured. _____^___
^
CA) N
□ nnuiu —»_ T ^ RODHAN
RECORDER
TS^rAH^j^q^c X Cia ^K
STARGAUGEO ARD .INSPECTED BY RGAUGI
TIME Ca V-^^
?L*CE ea TTV. aa^.
REVIEWED 8Y
COMPIUTOB
GRAPHED SY
33
St
*v9
at 05
c
5 ^
00
li2
INSPECTION REMARKS
(PT-IOP 750-O BoxeaaaEeiLi Sat Chrome Plat.pri)
lipht, scratches, stains, carbon and other riRposits t.hm-oiit chamhf;^ and m-iip bore. Two EJezQ r^a-^e holes .drillpd in ch;inihRr. One at l/t..'j7" from reap fac^ of t.nbr-
O
3
|
« o % OS
.(I'KT) in thq ] 0; QQ o'clock area and one at 2SL5L1 tXSM Oil ■in the P^O o'clock area. T.^rht pfonion anrl scoring fincirolinr both holes. IVo niezo gage holes drilled in
■^P^—One at ?fl" from RhT) in the 10: CC o'clock area aryd One al ^^" fron {m-y\ in the ?:?0 o'clock area. 'W^r.-ite ^.Upht b&at f^herkinc, erosion ^nd a&Qijja saaiccliru fiieYn gaga bolaa in bore, more pronounced on gomard f-n'Te Mnrjfirfite to lipht heat checking encirclin" non-rifled ■rortinn of forcing cOOfi 'irirl extending forwara to 7S' .the gcoastaa and ta IQ^" on the lands from (RFT).
an.
further- heat chenkln? ohsci.ired by carbon deposits Jiiu
•ind- flfiate to light erosion with lirht longitudinal scoring .encirr.lin^ auatlflg oopp and extending forward to 5^" from tSElX.—EagM Of lands rounded thrn-ont eroded area v.d th
Jirivinr edfe rounded m fcj fnrviard aa TOO" f^o^ (w,-^ . fodeCftte t,n hea^n; erosion and ■scorin" encircling bore r.y^niHtor holes, more nT-onounced on fonva-pd eci^es. Ti)he cnntriins dflaagfi to 1ft lands -in the 11; 00 o'clock arga
4)
to 3 oC
fl n^
hntween 1^" nnd ?01" from (Pl-T). ri;!n.-;.-P^ mn^jal "f Jands baJUfi stripped and flattennri. Tllbr. ront;nn^
■nnfiprate r^nrinr and abaaaiafi Mear on Iftndr, and in th" Rrnnues halaeaa 60" from CHKT) and th^. niaaleu Tirht XOppegllljj in ho^e between ori n n el lUliag and /.S" from -iirm.
.No nhoto^ranhs or jjnpressions taken at thi.n tim.p.
Tiihe der.lflred "HAZARDOUS" due to dama^ in \-^rp. Stencil and handle in accordance vrith H.P. 750-1.
STEAP-MT Form 181, 7 Dec 71 (REPLACES STEAP-DS FORM 181, 1? JUN 64, WHICH KAY BE USED)
34
STEAP-MT Form 106C, 1 Aug 75 (Replaces STEAP-MT Form 106, 7 Dec 71 which nay be used)
35
10$ MM Tubo K68 CHAMBER
GAUGE !i£*sTOMnTS i [OIC^ATED in j/iooo d'f in he*
o
I ^■3 m a m
to x
Inspection Remarks; Areas frcm 18.50" to 21.75" and 2^.17 to 2k.9Ln wera not nMaurgL
"vHORF^CO^Fl^1 *On APp-g^ri/x^ug cHAror^
\^ T^O'RF ^F—TVJE^ felfei^g u^c.r •p.nR^"
^co ? > TO C, "DAT^T^ 3J VTIJLS "TP? APTSuS
gll&ilJ fa 3 ■z.n ^n Sa
STAMPED
R00HAN
RECORDER QtiLLSJj
STARGAUGED A«D INSPECTED BY
TIME
A«D INSPE
PLACE ceamiL ̂ r B
REVIEWED BT
C0MPILAT0R
GRAPHED BY
36
.STEAP-MT Form 106G, 1 Aug 75 (Replaces STEAP-MT Form 106, 7 Dec 71 which may be used)
37
DISTANCE (Inch,, TTOT" 105 MM Tuba M68
SAUCE KEAStiAEKtKTS UUICATFfi 1 .
CHJUiBER, 0.00" to 2)1.91^
REAR MCE
3' IRECCN MUZZK
FACE
• OEM FACE
OF TU»I ..
BASIC
DltunCR ZERO
-*
•
SAUCE (SEADUJ
mm * ACTUAL
OIAHCTER DIFFERENCE
CAUSE
REAOINl ACTUAL
OIAUETER
T
DIFFERENCE
3?,05 I86t|i? MS h.}<16 \k / 31,<X) 187.S0 23.W k.li27 \, y 30.00 188,50 22.00 lhli37 N X - 29.8? 188.65 21,85 MS \, /
\ / 26,liO 192.10 I8.I1O lit??? 7 ■- 26.00 192.50 18.00 1^.955 \ / 2L.00 ift.go 16.00 5.025 \, / 22.00 196.50 Ui.00 5.065 \ / 20.00 199.50 12.00 5.105 /K 18,00 200.50 10fOO 5.11+5 / \ 16.00 202.50 6^00 5.165 y
^..
lli.00 20li.50 6.X)0 5.225 / x^
V 12.00 206.50 L.00 5.265 / X 10.00 208.50 2.00 5.305 / \ 9.00 209.50 1.00 5.325 / . -X 8.'SO 210.50 .50 5.315 y ^—
8.2? 210.25 .25 5.3iiO, / \ 6.10 210.1J0 .10 5.31.3 x X
TOTAL IEMOTH OF QUH
BASIC SOCIAL «
ACTUAL isuftEwm
BASIC 1 ACTUAL
218.50" .OTATION OF TUBE AT BltEECH
TOTAl IEMSTH Of TU»E 210.50" MOVEMENT OF TUBE AT BBEECK
OCfTM OF BDECCK BECESS 8.00" NUNBE* OF LANDS AND CAOOVES 28
llnspection Remarks: Areas from 18.50" to 21.75" and 2L.17 to 2^.%." were not measured.
Ko^JEScoPeo : ^o ^<?PeE^/> ̂ BL^: CHAAIGK U\
^-5aae <2P TTj^ff ^TiK^E /^A^T goP-e£SCCiP//(\^
iwre^ ^ AOS 7A .
rrttra SMM^WJEQMy IKSrECTED BY REVIEWED BY
RODMAN ^^ •/)/? TIME 1 COMPILATOS
RECORDER / PLACE ^.^ G.7APHED BY
o
^1
so 3; M 03
38
IX a s
? 3
E-S i79.PO
iK
105 j1 Tubo, M68
masgsB ImsHaal Rear Face of Breecn.
?i6.2q 917-00 21i..QP_ 213.QQ 206.00
.20^.PC -^isfi^DQ
QCL ^XL
IS^.OQ
17^.00 l&ASL
1 161.QQ '1/ 1^8.00
-^
8 2 _IiS-2£. J t It.T.QQ
B
c
M^Q_ lit^.QQ 11S.QQ
,00. 128.00 12-i.OO 118.00 113.00 1Q6.0Q 10?-00
99.QQ 91.0Q afl.Ofl
JXL
Muzzle faco
^25_ J^5Q_ JLISQ.
■J.SQ ;o.5o i^io ZtLSQ ??.gn 3040. Slsa ^0^^
.liS^SQ. ^Q.SQ
JS^Q- 60. ^0 65,50 70.50 75.50
JQ-^Q. 85.5Q 9Q.5Q 95.59
1Q0..5Q 1Q5..5Q 11Q.5Q U5,5Q 12Q.5Q 125.50. 130.50
78.00 7^.00 68.OQ
U5.5Q JiiQ^SO. ILSaSfl.
67.00 i50i5q
.58.00
.57.00 liS.OO
10*25. 78.00
JLOL 76.00 75.00 aluoo 77.50 .77.2!? 77.10
l^.^Q 160.50 16.5..5Q 170.50 I2JL25 175.5P 177.2S iacui la. -182.50 183^0 18b.50
saE^aiia^^^^m Rear Face L_.j of Tube
210.25 209.0Q_
d.OTFT 207.00 205.00 200.00 195.00 190.QQ. 18g.no 180.00 175,oo 170.00 165.00 .160.00 ISStflQ. 15o,oo iii5.oo liiO.QO 175.00 170.00 125.00 120.09 115.00 110.00 105.0Q_ 100.00
95.00 90.00 85.00 BQ.OQ 75.00 70.00 ?5.90
.00
H
5
3
55.00 50.00 h5.QQ kO.QQ 77.25
JSxOQ_ 77.25 30.00 29.00 28.00 27.00
185.00 J31 JLSS SI
P^llpygr
26.00 25.50 25.25 25rlO
Meaa. 25.25"
iaaatfli \uZ2k
+.no s5: ^s ^s -5-
1 i J^
4 3
3 I 3.
-t 3 s 3
la
~DJD
J2A 35 ^S
2 1 X5 a
dEIO. S m
Vert.
-3^
US s Hor.
sinzsz^
..-uhOOV^b
JiiUl^
ssgo
^2 Si av
■fi -iicL .a. .2L ^2 -Sji S5 22 Z2 i-Ti zs JL^Z / £ Z^ f?
Hn.r.
±Lr^as
E3
T^ ^: ^5"
3 aS jb. S
n
n 3_
remaining LUO. Qq
22 X8 zs JL£ ao ^LZ _2^ ^ L7
jaa. M. J3A
Za s: i-i
n h
JD, 2 :t s
r3 s _3
i _£Ta ̂^
S
ustlja&tod Accuracy
STEAP-MT Form 106G, 1 Aug 75 (Replaces STEAP-MT Form 106, 7 Dec 71 which may be used)
39
EAR FtCC if BREECH
OIST<ffiE (JwnAiirTuSTT*
32,05 31.00 30.00 29.8g
26.hO
22.00 2Q.QQ 18.CX) 16.QQ
-UuQQ. J.2.QQ JJl^Q.
9.QQ g.-tt iL2l 0.1Q
MU2UC FACE
166.^ 187.$0 188.^0 188,6?
192.10
196.^0 198.$Q 200.^0 202.^ ZQiuSQ 2Q^ia
IE** FACE OF TUBE
ZiufiS ^JUOQ. 22.00 2;,6$
16.hO
^.oo 5.06?
10$ MM Tuba M68
BASIC
ouunco
^hi6 lukai kshlL yjg
l4.?77
12.00.. 10.00 JUSL 6.^0
206.50 k.00
209.50 210.50 2X0.25 21Q.hQ
2.PQ 1.00 -A&L
^21 ^10.
5.105 5.1h5 5.185 5.225 5.265 5.305 5. .32.5 5.335 5.3li0 5.3h.3
ZERO
-HQII
±-D^8
»A
QAUSE MEASUREHEIITS
CHAMBER Q.pO" to gli.9^
CAUSE RCAOINt
30 JiO
trOMl
10212
nn 5a i
TITO 3& JS3&
-^ M i
+.AIS
ACTUAL
DIAMETER
-oicmo IN 1/1000 OF AN IKCH —mwmr-r DIFFERENCE
M.MH -V.om iL5o
i y^ -VT0 0 3
lOj
S^l g E 00^
^J
US
«
^3 ^ no
u2^
-4
3 ^5:
JSM 2£R
4
CAUSE REAOKa
-v^oin ^a ^D
-i-.om
s 202C
•f.oy? 0 S 53 IS
3-25 -31' 3i^
SZHS si ^■^HgHrOO 5
_S^ ss £ M
ACTUAL
C/IAWETCR BiFrErsiicc
ium iiaa
■ HMO 235: ±,PQ^
33155^ zam iSaaQ SE7 g AMI1
^ot>\ J3 _3
u
Zl ^ 5
gic asa
ZSa iT^Oi
$
-^S5 ^2S ZM Q
S^Si^SMg
TOTAL LENOTH OF OUH
TOTAL LENGTH OF TUBE
OEFTH OF BREECH RECESS
218.$0"
210.50" 8.00"
ma a wiAMmm- ACTUAL
£4 QxSB
ROTATION OF TUBE AT BREECH
NOVENENT OF TUBE AT BREECH
NUMBER OF LANDS AND SROOVES 23
ACTUAL
s=a Inspection Remarks; Areas frcro 18.50" to 21.75" and 24.17 to 24,9V1 were not measured.
_ . STAMPED ,
RODMAN
RECORDER O.Tct^k -^■CLVa^K
STARGAUGED MO INSPECTED BY
TIME
PLAC£ 5*'^S"
REVIEWED BT
COMPILATOR
GRAPHED BY
V o
•b ^ i'\
i 71 0)
0 1. -<
< fO
^
? CD [/> CO r» 9J 7^
eft ■J
40
' I s. fC* ^ 3
ca
c
OC
IT)
o
i sic- ^ CO 3 i
to CO
to
* o
INSPECTION REMARKS
(PT-IOP 750-1) HOKESUOFEU: (Not chrol^T^Iatcd) Li.fTht scratches, stains, carbon and other i-ioposit.s throughout chamber and main bore. drilled in chajnbnr. One at l/t.37"
Twg pie'/,o gagg bfllQS Xrom rear face of tube
JiLU ISi the 10:00 o'clock area and one at ^CLS" frnn (Ml) in the 2:30 o'clock area. Light erosion and scornng encirclinp; both hole
at 28 "■ bore. One Two piczo ^a,c;e holes drilled in
from (RET) in the 2:30 o'clock area. Mouerate to lic;ht heat checkinr:. erosion and scoring
— "—— - ■ -■ . .i J '-^.—--■■■•;——- - •--•-•w . ^-wrj
encrclanR piezo na/re holes in bore, more nronouncoc! on forward cd^e. Moderate to li^rht heat checkinf: encirclinr non-rifled nortion of forcing cone and extending for./arfl " ... .-, ■•W^.II.J. v^.. ^ i.i -^ J..1 [ i i I -^ ill. \JJ. ■"■,~1 \
to 80" in the grooves and to 105" on the lands from (Kn) Any further heat chcckin,": obscured by carbon deposit.-5 Moderate to light erosion and li^ht longitudinal scoring encirclinp forcim; cone with scoring extending fbrward to 35" and erosion extending forward to 70" froir, (RKT)„ Edfre;
0 0 -9
1% in 3 m
C tJ o
aj
c •r-( <>
o o 0) -p rt
r
of lands rounded throughout eroued are^Vith driving eape rounded as far forward as 100" from (RP"t). Moderate to .heavy ^rosipn and scoring encirclinr bore evacuator hoifp, more nrnnounced on forward ed^es. Appea^encps oi at:k jatlema in two gixiffltgg adjacent to thP 9:0Q o'clock hnl n,
area between 153" and 201" fromCRiT). D^na^en con lands being strinned and flattened. Tube contain: scoring and abrasive wear on lands and in th
moderate e groove
between 60" fro:ii (i;FT) and the muzzle, Light coonerin,^ bore between ori ^in of rifling and Ur)" from (H.FT).
:.n
Nfl nhnfogranhs or impressions taken ^t. this f.^o.
Tphe ckclared "HA7,.udion.s"d11p to o^n.-mn ^ "t.pnci 1 and handle in accordence wj t'f
bom JLlQz
STEAP-MT Form 181, 7 Dec 71 (REPLACES STEAP-DS FORM 181, 17 JUN 64, VTrilCH MAY BE USED)
41
STEAP-MT Form 106C, 1 Aug 75 (Replaces STEAP-MT Form 106, 7 Dec 71 which raay be used)
42
c
i-"?
msm tdmtmrr TOTAL LEMGTM OF GUN 218.50" ROTATION OF TUBE AT BREECH
^
Da
TOTAk LEN5TH OF TUBE 210.50" UOVE«ENT OF TUSC AT SSEECH
OCFTH OF BREECH RECESS 8.00" HUUBER OF LANDS AMD (iROOVES 28
Inspection Remarks; Areas from 18.50" to 21.75" and 2A,17 to 2J.-.%.;' v-'fn:; not msasured.
B zA~ r>rcL.s,coy(Zr\ • no a^^rja^yg. rv^M
£ C3 m r^^ m inEg smg nj?ff
1S B^(z^r.^y i n g S ^ A j 0 r\ (I a ^^
aWo^ S ) ^VcK" ^TgLE
STAMPED
RODMAN sms tAt
STARJiUGED-MD INSP8CTED BY
TIME + .J
REVIEWED BY
COMPILATO.'?
RECORDER CJ aVH —^—^n'IiT7TrrN■l)J-«,^ri 3 ■ i i^*"^
GRAPHED BY
43
k.72k"htfixc. ^ fn"' an^^g
1
STEAP-MT Form 106G, 1 Aug 75 (Replaces STEAP-MT Form 106, 7 Dec 71 which may be used)
44
• 105 KM Tube M68 CHAMBER
(EAR FACE
)F IKEECK
■• ^^ 1
MUZZLE
FACE
-my- •EAR FACE
OF TUSE BASIC
OIAUETER ZERO
9
u«uiit »t»JUlltHtllT5 INDICATED IN 1/1000 tf A)( U'CII
GAUGE
•EADIX9 ACTUAL
OlAHETEIi DIFFERENCE
SAUCE READINd
ACTUAL DIAII£T£:
9l?fMJ«S
32,05 186.11* 2ii,05 h.Ul6 x /
U.QO 187.50 23.00 Ii.li27 \ s
10.00 188.50 22,00 I4.1l37 \ s'
2?.85 188,65 21.85 !iiiti9 1 \ A ! \ s
26.hO 192.10 18.LO 11.977 \k / 26.00 192.50 18.00 k.985 s. s 2I1.OO 19U.S0 16.00 5.025 \ / 22.00 196.50 Hi.00 ,?.065 \ / 20.00 198.50 12.00 5.105 \ X 18.00 200.50 10.00 5,Di5 / \ 16.00 202.50 6tf0, 5.185 S \ Hi.00 20li.50 6.100 5.225 / \ 12.00 206.50 k.OO 5.265 / X 10.00 208.50 2.00 5.105 s \
9.00 209.50 1.00 5.325 s X 8.50 210.50 .50 5.115 s \ 8.25 210.25 .25 5.U.i0 s. X 8.10 _2iaJiQ_ .10 5.1i.l s \.
/ 1 N I SOCIAL WSAiyiMm - -
- TOTAl. LEMGTM OF GUN
5»5IC ACTUAL
ROTATION OF TUSE AT OREECN
CJSIC ACTUAL
218.50" TOTAl LEKGTH OF TUBE 210.50" MOVEMENT OF TUBE AT BREECH
OEFTH OF 8«EECK RECESS 8.00" NUHBCR OF LANDS AND GROOVES 23
Inspection Remarks: Areas from 18,50" to 21,75" and 2i.,17 to 2U.9U' war 3 not measirred.
tSoRESCjoPHt) l HO A.PPRTiai^e,! ^ CHAf/CF 1M acR& OF:
1 TOSE ?>IMX1F LAST IM^P^O.-riONi t!i^-CEr> ISA.OG..- ?e 1
AFTUR yzo Rds .
I 1
STAGED STAROTTOgEQ^WiO. JStSflGTED BY REVIEWED BY
►RODMAN V w^_ , . 1) TIME COMPILATOR
REC0R0ER ^.^cto^h^a ^E:B^R.-B GRAPHED EY ,
v» S VI
C »>• V "$■
■<
1 ' K fl k t-j
v>*i a -N n 03
(A 0
50 V ft 01 g
JO
w c
>]?
db
45
P/tfe / o* 3.
35 fM Tube, M6fl
larij Hor. Vflrt. Hor.
STEAP-MT Form 106G, 1 Aug 75 (Replaces STEAP-MT Form 106, 7 Dec 71 which may be used) 46
fnte x ofi 3-
1 .. , 10^ KM Tiihn HaS8 ?^ ,. 0IST4HCE f/ncfm, FROM/ GAUGE MEASUSUMUTS i OICATEO IM 1/lOBO OF A! IliCH
■ REAR fACE If (AEECH
MUZZLE FACE
V REAR FACE
Of TUBE BASIC
OIAUETER ZERO
•
h *
i ■ wnm i rMv^rr I' ; SAU3E
AEADIA'a ACTUAL
OIAHETE;: CIFFERENCE sAuat REAOIMS OlAiiLT.:'. ■•'■■'- >,
32,0$ 186.U5 2^.05 14,1*16 -h.on H-.H-n +, OO I +.on '{-.Hl'J •f. Ooj n.oo 3.87.5Q 23.00 luh27 3D ■ H-30 3 • 030 ■ H30 3 30.00 ies.So 22.00 h.h37 *0 ,*+H-Q 3 . OH-Q ■ y-H-o 3 2?.M 188,65 2;,B? h.li3fl +■0*1 ^-.«M*i •to 0 3 +• OH-l l+.HlJI n1: 0 03
26. hO 192.10 18.hO li.977 -.oaa f.9$0 y-. 003 **,nXCi 'r.lSo •)-. oo ^ 26.00 192.50 _18^2Q_ li.995 ./»// . 9?f f ■ n J i ■ 9 »-? .tt 211.00 19U.50 16.00 5.025 +.oa« 3'. OX? J -r. on i.O?.? ^ 22.00 196.50 lh.00 5.065 .o^^ . 0A2 3 .061 • 061 ,.,
20.00 198.50 12.00 5.105 .yo? . s 07 2. . 101 • /O" r,
18.00 200.50 10.00 3 • -LUJj> . / ^7 . /V7 X - IH-1 ■ /H'l •L 16.00 202.93 SrfW 5,185,, ./8% ./%$ 3 , isi .IV. 7> ■? Ui.OO 20li.50 6.100 5.225 .xa^ . xzi ** , 2.2.2 . X 2. B "r7 ■
12.00 206.50 L.oo 5.265 .^7C? ,9.76 ri .7^9 ■ ZZI 10.00 208.50 2.00 5.305 .3o? .309 Y ! .^09 •"09 ^ 9.00 209.50 1.00 5.-325 , 3^^ .3A« _3 .3Z% • 3-7. S Q.^O 210.50 .50 5.^5 .33Z .338 3 .Z32 \ .!?-?ar 8.25 210,25 .25 5.3li 0
1_ . 3^3 .3f3 3 ! . 3*3 1 • 'f^ 2
O.IO 210.hO .10 5.^i +.3V-S r.ivts- •jt.doa +, 3^6' ! ,r.3M-.<r -J;-,F', s> .C;.
- T0T4L LEMOTK Of GUK
BJSIC ACTUAL ^UKHUTJ ' --
6i:.ic ACTUAL
218.50" ROTATIOH OF TUBE AT BREECH
TOTAk 1.EHSTH OF TUBE 210,. 50" , vo.so" U9VEMEKT OF TUBE AT BREECK j,
OEfTM OF BREECK RECESS 8.00" KUUBER OF LAKOS AMD OnOOVES 23 X is
Inspection Remarks: Areas fron 18.50" to ?1,75" and 2LA1 to 2L.9i^ rfeT'o not measured.
|
1
. - ; STAMPED STARGAUGEDjAMO.IMSFECTED BY REVIEWED BY
*m™*m*<n,;M/i*,s TIME ^ COKfILATOU
■ RECORDER ^ Tj.^ 'v*l8/oA.U0.SSLf GRA?KED BY
^
^
~l ^
E? o-; ^
^ I >^
-0 ^ c^ CA ^
O
W »»* ft CD S
>
Q I
^ •
ON ^
i
■■■j
47
1/
DC J
c
'A ft
0
* (
3e
U 01 u
■H
o
o
9ui
0
■INSPECCrON REMAPS
(PT-ICP 750-11 iiOi^J'.r.COFl.U: (Not chrome .Uated)
Mrht. y.cn.tchv.r., nt.^inr;. carbon tiiron'-pniit, ch.;j:ii)cr ...nd main bore.
nn gtjjpT' cr HI
nriilpil in clvinbcr. One at la.'-)?" Im ■ C'i^J 3-Li.
LEiU the 10: (jO o| gjjSmk ron r
u +J
in -J 3 4J It
hi O
O
o <D
a a
in the 2:'}0 o'clock ar AES li. (.A.^
bi-ht. er '■■ncircli n^ rot'. hoTcs. Two nic/.o
-mn ''IO' ' r d f'i ] 'I'
bor^:. Unu at 2;-;11 from QtFT) in thr V);l.o nio] - c t am one dt 3B" from (kFTj m h 2:30 o1 c]cck arc; Mocir:?',-it.o to lirht. heat checking encircJinr niezo gaffg hole:, in ton
erosion seen i ■norc! nronuiinci
fonvarfi edge, i^oderute to "ipht heat ecr in em non-ri fled portion of forcing cone and c.x11; to BO" in the, grooves anc; to 110" on the la
IT
) ,. /in- further heat checking obscured by carbon (u.ror.il 'loderate to lifrht erosion ana jlrht longiti^lj niil yep
con! eil£J rcl j nr forci w A] '-i'i" anri eronion e:<tendirv- forward to 70' of Xaaiia round,-q throur^'out eroded
J. area, vn j h on vinP C1?R
nded ;is far fo^wurd as 11 S" ■ from CR!"-'r) 'odrT'1 ♦,r- ■ + o ifl ?jnr! pcorin'-' encirc'linf JTQUS ''
-m'-o "rnn.'unt;f--d on forward edf ffvrw,-ri -M' bM.:(i f>'c1oCr bore evacu agj^Qgfj b'M.wpen l-/ire ev-.c^ato'" '■o"1
•j^nearcnciig of
•or hnii
crack '>'e '-hi-'O' o'clock ro'1)
Salterns in two froove:; ao- Tube contains dan.ia<--p to b
tils 11:0Q 'Oc.lock area he+weon 153"ani: Uaoaaea "onsir-t of lands bei n rinlie contains mooorate
ein1' strJ.^'Te'i. ino f! ■.L f enr-d , rinr; and abrar-ive \a ar on lano.. ]
and in the groovea betv/een 60" fro.n j]-}"") ana Ti^ht connerin^ in bore between orifriri of rif'i inf A.')" from (H.n-)T
Mo phntopraohs or imnresGions taken at tid
Tube declared ;'Hn/bAR]j0llS"aue to can-- r.tf^ncii. and handlo in accordence wj 'n i-. .i-.-.
STEAP-MT Form 181, ? Dec 71 (REPLACES STEAP-DS FORM 181, 1? JUN 6h, WHICH KAY BE USED)
4S
Pti<i£ of 3-
STEAP-MT Form 106C, 1 Aug 75 (Replaces STEAP-MT Form 106, 7 Dec 71 which may be used)
49
fA4€ % O* 3.
Inspection Remarks; Areas from 18.50" to 21.75" and 2/1.17 to 24,%" were not measured.
ttgt gtgg^aJ RODMAN
RECORDER
D.T-eo&i^ CSOJ^
STiflGAUGED MO INSPECTED BY STUGAUGEO MO INSP
TIME W" *■' '^
PLACE ^3s-
REVIEWED BY
COMPILATOR
GRAPHED BY
50
en
Pa^e 3 of 3
>
to
o CO -? OJ
UA O
o •H
CO
0) to
I
a- »
a_
S
O
O
a>
<« p
CO
0>
u
INSPECTION REMARKS (PT-IOP 756IlT
RORKSCOPKIJ: (Not chrome plated). I/i pht scratches, stains, carbon, and other depositn
t.hrnil^hont chamber and main bore. TVo piezo gangs bolea rir-illpf) through chamber wallf one 14" from rea->~ fpr.p. of tube (BFT) in the 1Q;0Q o'clock area and one 20.S" from (RFTl in the 2:30 o'clock area. Light erosion and agflSJOg encircling both holes. Two nieso gai^gs hole? dr-illori t.hr- mmh tnhP wall,, one 28" from (HFT) in the 10:00 o'clock area and one 38" from / (RFT)
1— ■■-■■■■^■■■■■■■■■^■■■P ■■ ^ —■■■
in the 2:30 o'clock area. Moderate to light heat checking, erosion, and scoring ,1' 1 —
encircling piezo gau^e holes in bore, more pronounced on forward edges. Moderate to li^ht heat checking encircling centering cylinder beginning 23.50" from rear face of tube and extending forvmrd into main bore to 80" from (RFT) in the pTooves and to 110" on the lands. Anv further heat checkinrr obscured bv carton denosits. Moderate to light. erosion encircling forcing cone am extending fop-/a-"d tn ■78" fmm (HFT) .—Li^ht longitudinal scoring on lands and in grnnves between forcing cone and ^S" from CEE3JL EdgBa nf Ifinris are rounded thrnnghout eroded aCSfl with driving edges rmmded as far forward as 119' from (HFTl. Moderate to heavy erosion and scoring encirclAng bore evacuator holes, more pronounced on forward edges. Driving ed^e of land forward of 6:00 o'clock bore evacuator hole nicked and and scraped between bore evacuator hole and 130" from (RFT) Tube contains damage to 18 lands between 1 S3" and 201" from (RFT'). Damages consist of lands being stripped and flatt- ened ■ Tube contains moderate scoring and abrasive w^ar on ■ ■ n , T Till ir-TM-.T T — If «1 TT y IT -, ^ -^ . ^ y. ^ ~ ^. ■, ^-..-t. ^ ^ .. - ■*,
lands and in grooves between 60" from (RFT) and muzzle. Light coppering in bore between origin of rifling and 45" from (RFT).
flP Photographs or impressions taken at this time-
Tube declared "HAyARDOHS" duR to riamagp in horP. TuhP dPclared "nMSFRVTOFAmK" riuP to roMnri^ in wre*^ of E.F.C. limit of 1000. Stencil and handle in accordance with M.P.750-1.
STEAP-MT Form 181, 7 Dec 71 (REPLACES STEAP-DS FORM 181, 17 JUN 64, WHICH MAY BE USED)
51
DISTRIBUTION LIST
No. of Copies Organization
No. of Copies Orqanination
Commander Defense Technical Info Center ATTN: DDC-DDA Cameron Station Alexandria, VA 22314
Director of Defense Research § Engineering
ATTN: R. Thorkildsen The Pentagon Washington, DC 20301
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
ATTN: Dir, Materials Div 1400 Wilson Boulevard Arlington, VA 22209
HQDA (DAMA-ARZ) Washington, DC 20301
HQDA (DAMA-CSM) Washington, DC 20301
HQDA (DAMA-WSW) Washington, DC 20301
Commander US Army Materiel Development
5 Readiness Command ATTN: DRCDMD-ST 5001 Eisenhower Avenue Alexandria, VA 22333
Commander US Army Armament Research
5 Development Command ATTN: DRDAR-TSS (2 cys) Dover, NJ 07801
Commander US Army Armament Research
6 Development Command ATTN: DRDAR-QA, J.Rutkowski Dover, NJ 07801
Commander US Army Armament Research
§ Development Command ATTN: FC d, SCWSL, D. Gyorog
H. Kahn B. Brodman S. Cytron T. Hung
Dover, NJ 07801
Commander US Army Armament Research
§ Developmept Command ATTN: DRDAR-LC, J. Frasier
H. Fair J. Lannon
A. Moss R. Walker
Dover, NJ 07801
Commander US Army Armament Research
S Development Command ATTN: DRDAR-LC, J. Picard
D. Costa E. Barrieres R. Corn K. Rubin J. Houle
Dover, NJ 07801
Commander US Army Armament Research
S Development Command ATTN: DRDAR-LC, D. Katz
E. Wurzel K. Russell D. Downs R.L. Trask
Dover, NJ 07801
5 3
DISTRIBUTION LIST
No. of Copies Organization
Director US Army ARRADCOM Benet Weapons Laboratory ATTN: I, Ahmad
T. Davidson J. Zweig G. Friar
Watervliet, NY 12189
Director US Array ARRADCOM Benet Weapons Laboratory ATTN: J. Busuttil
W. Austin R. Montgomery R. Billington J. Santini
Watervliet, NY 12189
Director US Army ARRADCOM Benet Weapons Laboratory ATTN: DRDAR-LCB-TL Watervliet, NY 12189
Commander US Army Armament Materiel
Readiness Command ATTN: DRSAR-LEP-L, Tech Lib Rock Island, IL 61299
Commander US Army Aviation Research
S Development Command ATTN: DRSAV-E P.O. Box 209 St. Louis, MO 63166
Director US Army Air Mobility Research
§ Development Laboratory .Ames Research Center Moffett Field, CA 94035
No. of Copies Organization
Commander Applied Technology Laboratory US Army Research § Technology
Laboratories (AVRADCOM) ATTN: R.A. Langsworthy Fort Eustis, VA 23604
Commander US Army Communications Research
§ Development Command ATTN: DRDCO-PPA-SA Fort Monmouth, NJ 07703
Commander » US Army Electronics Research
§ Development Command Technical Support Activity ATTN: DELSD-L Fort Monmouth, NJ 07703
Commander US Army Missile Command ATTN: DRDMI-R
DRDMI-YDL Redstone Arsenal, AL 35809
Commander US Army Tank Automotive Research
S Development Command ATTN: DRDTA-UL Warren, MI 48090
Project Manager Cannon Artillery Weapons Systems ATTN: DRCPM-CAWS US Army Armament Research d,
Development Command Dover, NJ 07801
Project Manager - XM1 Tank Main Armament Dev Div Dover, NJ 07801
Project Manager - Dover, NJ 07801
ARGADS
54
DISTRIBUTION LIST
No. of Copies Organization
Project Manager, M60 Tanks US Army Tank § Automotive Cmd 28150 Dequindre Road Warren, MI 48090
Project Manager - XM1 Tank US Array Tank^Autoraotive Cmd 28150 Dequindre Road Warren, MI 48090
Project Manager - M110E2 ATTN: J. Turkeltaub
S. Smith Rock Island, IL 61299
Director US Array Materials & Mechanics
Research Center ATTN: J.W. Johnson
R. Katz Watertown, MA 02172
Director US Army Research Office ATTN: P. Parrish ■
E. Saibel
P.O. Box 12211 Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
Director US Army TRADOC Systems
Analysis Activity ATTN: ' ATAA-SL, Tech Lib White Sands Missile Range NM 88002
Commander US Army Air Defense Center ATTN: ATSA-SM-L Fort Bliss, TX 79916
No. of Copies Organis ation
l Commander
US Army Armor Center ATTN: ATZK-XM1 Fort Knox, KY 40121
President
US Army Maintenance Mgmt Ctr Lexington, KY 40507
President US Array Armor § Engineer Bd Fort Knox, KY 40121
Commander US Array Field Artillery School ATTN: J. Porter Fort Sill, OK 73503
Commander Naval Surface Weapons Center ATTN: M. Shamblen
J. O'Brasky C. Smith L. Russell T.W. Smith
Dahlgren, VA 22448
Commander Naval Ordnance Station ATTN: L. Dickinson
S. Mitchell Indian Head, MD 20640
Commander Naval Ordnance Station
Louisville ATTN: F. Blume Louisville, KY 40202
AFOSR/NA ATTN: L. Caveny, Bldg 410
AFATL (D. Uhrig) Eglin AFB, FL 32542
55
DISTRIBUTION LIST
Organization
Lawrence Livermore Laboratory ATTN: J. Kury P.O. Box 808 Livermore, CA 94550
National Bureau of Standards Materials Division ATTN: A.W. Ruff Washington, DC 20234
National Science Foundation Materials Division Washington, DC 20550
Battelle Columbus Laboratory ATTN: G. Wolken 505 King Avenue Columbus, OH 43201
Calspan Corporation ATTN: G. Sterbutzel
F. Vassallo P.O. Box 235 Buffalo, NY 14221
Director Chemical Propulsion Info Agcy Johns Hopkins University ATTN: T. Christian Johns Hopkins Road Laurel, MD 20810
Princeton University Forrestal Campus Library ATTN: Tech Lib i
P.O. Box 710 Princeton, NJ 08540
Xo. of Copies
1
Organisation
Purdue University School of Mechanical Engineering ATTN: J.R. Osbom W. Lafayette, IN 47909
SRI International Materials Research Center 333 Ravenswood Avenue Menlo Park, CA 94025
University of Illinois Dept of Aeronautics and Aerospace Engineering
ATTN: H. Krier Urbana, IL 61803
Aberdeen Proving Ground
Dir, USAMSAA ATTN: DRXSY-D
DRXSY-MP, H. Cohen D. Bamhardt, RAM Div G. Alexander, RAM Div Air Warfare Div Ground Warfare Div RAM Division
Cdr, USATECOM ATTN: DRSTE-FA
DRSTE-AR DRSTE-AD DRSTE-TO-F
Dir, USAMTD, Bldg 400 ATTN: D. Tag,
H. Graves C. Lavery L. Bamhardt K. Jones R. Moody, Bldg 525
Dir, Wpns Sys Concepts Team Bldg E3516, EA ATTN: DRDAR-ACW
56
USER EVALUATION OF REPORT
Please take a few minutes to answer the questions below; tear out this sheet and return it to Director, US Army Ballistic Research Laboratory, ARRADCOM, ATTN: DRDAR-TSB, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland 21005. Your comments will provide us with information for improving future reports.
1. BRL Report Number
2. Does this report satisfy a need? (Comment on purpose, related project, or other area of interest for which report will be used.)
3. How, specifically, is the report being used? (Information source, design data or procedure, management procedure, source of ideas, etc.)
4. Has the information in this report led to any quantitative savings as far as man-hours/contract dollars saved, operating costs avoided, efficiencies achieved, etc.? If so, please elaborate.
5. General Comments (Indicate what you think should be changed to make this report and future reports of this type more responsive to your needs, more usable, improve readability, etc.)
6. If you would like to be contacted by the personnel who prepared this report to raise specific questions or discuss the topic, please fill in the following information.
Name:
Telephone Number:
Organization Address: